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"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini membahas tentang diversifikasi ekonomi di Qatar sebagai upaya mempertahankan kekuasaan kerajaan Al Thani. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana negara menggunakan diversifikasi ekonomi sebagai instrumen untuk mempertahankan kekuasaan melalui alat kapitalisme negara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksplanatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Rentier state Theory,teori elite dan konsep diversifikasi ekonomi serta kapitalisme negara oleh Ian Bremmer digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah diversifikasi ekonomi yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah Qatar berhasil mengurangi ketergantungan negara atas pemasukan dari minyak dan gas serta meningkatkan PDB Qatar dan melalui kapitalisme negara. Qatar berhasil menjaga pengaruhnya dalam politik dalam negeri Qatar. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan adanya peran yang saling melengkapi antara keluarga kerajaan Al Thani dan keluarga pedagang di Qatar. Dari peran yang dilakukan, keberadaan keluarga Al Thani di berbagai perusahaan terkemuka dan juga jabatan pemerintahan di Qatar selain menjadi aktor utama ekonomi Qatar juga sebagai distribusi kekuasaan dan kekayaan. Sedangkan keluarga pedagang di Qatar berfungsi sebagai partner bisnis dengan pemerintah. Penelitian ini berkesimpulan bahwa diversifikasi ekonomi berhasil menjaga dan mempertahankan kekuasaan pemerintah Hamad Khalifa Al Thani.

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ABSTRACTThis research examines the economic diversification in Qatar as an effort to defend the power of the Qatari kingdom Al Thani. The problem in this research is how the state using the economic diversification as an instrument to defend the power through state capitalism tools. This research is an explanatory research with qualitative approach. Rentier state theory, elite theory and also state capitalism concept from Ian Bremmer are used in this research. The result of this research isthe economic diversification that Qatari government do has succeed in reducing state dependency on oil and gas income, and also increasing Qatar GDP. Besides that, Qatar also succeed in conserving it's influence on Qatar domestic politics.This research also shows that there's a mutual complementary role between the royal family of Al Thani and merchants family in Qatar. Based on its role, the existence of Al Thani on several Qatar's top company and position in Qatar's government, besides becoming lead actor of Qatar's economy, but also to distribute power and wealth to distribute wealth and power. On the other side, merchants family in Qatar functioned as business partner with the government. This research concluded that economic diversification is succeed in protecting and defending the power of Hamad Khalifa Al Thani government., This research examines the economic diversification in Qatar as an effort to defend the power of the Qatari kingdom Al Thani. The problem in this research is how the state using the economic diversification as an instrument to defend the power through state capitalism tools. This research is an explanatory research with qualitative approach. Rentier state theory, elite theory and also state capitalism concept from Ian Bremmer are used in this research. The result of this research isthe economic diversification that Qatari government do has succeed in reducing state dependency on oil and gas income, and also increasing Qatar GDP. Besides that, Qatar also succeed in conserving it's influence on Qatar domestic politics.This research also shows that there's a mutual complementary role between the royal family of Al Thani and merchants family in Qatar. Based on its role, the existence of Al Thani on several Qatar's top company and position in Qatar's government, besides becoming lead actor of Qatar's economy, but also to distribute power and wealth to distribute wealth and power. On the other side, merchants family in Qatar functioned as business partner with the government.This research concluded that economic diversification is succeed in protecting and defending the power of Hamad Khalifa Al Thani government.]"

"Sebagai negara dengan kekuatan media yang besar, Qatar dinilai kerap memanfaatkan media Al-Jazeera dalam mendukung kebijakan luar negerinya, termasuk pada krisis politik yang terjadi di Libya tahun 2011. Tesis ini berusaha untuk menganalisis bagaimana propaganda Qatar melalui agenda setting AL-Jazeera tentang revolusi Libya 2011. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan teori propaganda dan agenda setting dalam pisau analisisnya. selain itu, penelitian ini juga menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan sumber yang didapatkan dari studi dokumentasi. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa meskipun Al-Jazeera mengklaim medianya adalah independen dan terbebas dari intervensi Qatar, namun tidak bisa dipungkiri jika ada relasi erat antara pemerintah Qatar dengan media berita ini. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan adanya keterlibatan pemerintah Qatar dalam pembentukan dan pendanaan media Al-Jazeera, serta pemberitaan yang bias di mana Al-Jazeera dinilai lebih memihak pada oposisi rezim Gaddafi yang sejalan dengan kebijakan Qatar. Propaganda melalui agenda setting Al-Jazeera dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode name-calling, testimonials, the use of glittering generalities, dan badwagon technique. Al-Jazeera juga terbukti menjalanan perannya sebagai agenda setting-agent dengan melakukan framing terhadap pemberitaannya serta proses priming, yakni menonjolkan isu krisis politik Libya melalui intensitas pemberitaan yang tinggi untuk memengaruhi opini publik.

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As a country with a large media power, Qatar is considered to have often used Al-Jazeera media in supporting its foreign policy, including the political crisis that occurred in Libya in 2011. This thesis seeks to analyze how Qatar's propaganda through Al-Jazeera's agenda setting about the Libyan revolution 2011. This research uses a propaganda theory approach and agenda setting in its analytical knife. In addition, this study also uses qualitative methods with sources obtained from documentation studies. The results of the study show that although Al-Jazeera claims its media is independent and free from Qatari intervention, it cannot be denied that there is a close relationship between the Qatari government and this news media. This is evidenced by the involvement of the Qatari government in the formation and funding of Al-Jazeera media, as well as biased reporting in which Al-Jazeera is considered more in favor of the opposition to the Gaddafi regime which is in line with Qatar's policies. Propaganda through Al-Jazeera's agenda setting is carried out using the name-calling method, testimonials, the use of glittering generalities, and the badwagon technique. Al-Jazeera has also been proven to carry out its role as an agenda-setting agent by framing its news coverage and the priming process, namely highlighting the issue of the Libyan political crisis through high-intensity reporting to influence public opinion."

"Kebijakan Qatar dalam mendukung Ikhwanul Muslimin menimbulkan krisis di kawasan Teluk. Sebelumnya, Arab Saudi dan anggota GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) lainnya sepakat dalam Riyadh agreement untuk menetapkan Ikhwanul Muslimin sebagai organisasi terlarang. Namun, pada 2017 Qatar kembali untuk tidak mengindahkan kesepakatan yang telah disepakati bersama. Akibatnya, anggota-anggota GCC seperti Arab Saudi, Uni Emirat Arab (UEA), dan Bahrain menarik duta besarnya dari Qatar serta memblokade jalur baik darat, laut, dan udara. Blokade tersebut tentunya memiliki dampak pada Qatar terutama pada ekspor-impor, penerbangan, dan perbankan. Tesis ini menjawab mengenai mengapa Qatar mendukung Ikhwanul Muslimin dan menjelaskan jaringan Ikhwanul Muslimin dalam geopolitik Timur Tengah. Dalam menjawab penelitian, tesis ini menggunakan Analisis kebijakan luar negeri sebagai pisau analisis. Teori ini menjelaskan alasan dibalik kebijakan Qatar yang lebih memilih Ikhwanul Muslimin dibandingkan Arab Saudi dan aliansinya. Terdapat faktor eksternal dan internal yang mempengaruhi kebijakan Qatar dalam mendukung pergerakan Ikhwanul Muslimin.

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Qatar’s foreign policy of supporting the Muslim Brotherhood Organization resulted in a crisis in Gulf Region. Previously, Saudi Arabia and members of the GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) had agreed in Riyadh Agreement to set the Muslim Brotherhood organization as forbidden. Nevertheless, in 2017 Qatar disobey the agreement have been signed together. As a result, GCC members like Saudi Arabia, Uni Arab Emirate, and Bahrain called their ambassadors from Qatar and blocked Qatar from land, sea, and airspace. This blockade has an impact on Qatar, especially in the export-imports sector, aviation sector, and banking sector. This Thesis will answer the questions about Qatar’s motive for supporting the Muslim Brotherhood organization and Muslim Brotherhood networks in the Middle East. This Thesis uses foreign policy analysis as a theoretical tool. Foreign policy analysis will explain Qatar’s foreign policy which chooses Muslim Brotherhood over Saudi Arabia and its gulf alliance. There are external factors and internal factors that influence Qatar’s foreign policy for supporting the Muslim Brotherhood organization."

"Debates, ideas and thought in Indonesian parliament regarding choices and advance towards nations ideology has persistenced since independence era. The study is also complex, extensive and wholly political enclosed. In this article, the author scrutinizes on the four main focuses to launch explanations many problems' in the topic offered here. The first is the parliament ways to anticipate through any diverse, debate on the nation's ideology; secondly, is to dig out and explains through re-take place discuss on Piagam Jakarta (Jakarta Charter) in newly parliament sessions; thirdly, is to inform the recent progress on debate concerning proposal to attach "sevent words of Piagam Jakarta", and finally, explains the prospect towards demand to parliament debates regarding the some issue in the future."

"ABSTRAKArab Saudi, Mesir, Bahrain dan beberapa negara lainya melakukan tindakan boikot terhadap Qatar yang dimulai sejak Juni 2017 lalu. Geopolitik Timur Tengah seakan terbelah antara yang mndukung dengan yang menolak tindakan koalisi Arab Saudi tersebut. Kebijakan politik Qatar yang kerap berseberangan dengan negara-negara tersebut, adalah penyebab utamanya. Tentu saja, peristiwa tersebut berkaitan dengan sikap kemandirian politik luar negeri Qatar di kawasan Timur Tengah selama ini. Menjalin kedekatan dengan Iran dan mendukung kelompok-kelompok oposisi, adalah dua hal utama diantara sekian banyak kekhawatiran negara-negara tersebut. Kemandirian politik luar negeri Qatar selama ini, perlahan-lahan mendapat pengakuan di dunia internasional. Qatar tidak lagi dianggap remeh. Qatar telah berubah menjadi sebuah lsquo;Brand rsquo;. Pendekatan lsquo;soft power rsquo;, melaui kekuatan media, didukung kekuatan ekonomi sebagai pemilik ladang gas terbesar di dunia, semakin meningkatkan profil negara ini di dunia internasional. Tesis ini membahas upaya Qatar menuju kemandirian politik di kawasan Timur Tengah, fokus permasaalahan dalam penelitian dirumuskan pada dua pertanyaan: Pertama, faktor apa saja yang mendorong Qatar memilih kebijakan politik luar negeri yang mandiri, bebas, aktif serta independen di kawasan Timur Tengah. Kedua, bagaimana upaya Qatar menjalankan dan membangun kemandirian politik luar negerinya di tengah situasi geopolitik Timur Tengah yang terus berubah. Metodologi yang digunakan melalui pendekatan kualitatif, melalui studi pustaka dengan mengumpulkan sebanyak mungkin data dan informasi terkait dengan tema penelitian.

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ABSTRACTSaudi Arabia, Egypt, Bahrain and several other countries are boycotting Qatar which began in June 2017. Geopolitics of the Middle East seemed to be split between those who supported and those who rejected the actions of the Saudi coalition. Qatar 39 s political policies that are often opposed to those countries are the main cause. Of course, the event has to do with Qatar 39 s foreign policy independence in the Middle East. Establishing proximity to Iran and supporting opposition groups are two of the major concerns among these countries. Qatar 39 s foreign policy independence has been gradually gaining recognition internationally. Qatar is no longer underestimated. Qatar has turned into a 39 Brand 39 . The 39 soft power 39 approach, through the power of the media, backed by economic power as the owner of the largest gas field in the world, further enhances the profile of this country internationally. This thesis discusses Qatar 39 s efforts towards political independence in the Middle East, the focus of the problem in the study formulated on two questions First, what factors encourage Qatar to choose independent foreign policy in the Middle East. Secondly, how does Qatar 39 s effort run and build its foreign policy independence amidst the changing geopolitical situation of the Middle East. The methodology used through qualitative approach, through literature study by collecting as much data and information related to the research theme. "

"ABSTRAKTulisan ini membahas faktor kebijakan dan institusional sebagai penyebab deforestasi di Indonesia pada tahun 1999-2004. Faktor tersebut dapat dijelaskan melalui teori deforestasi yang menjabarkannya dalam tiga sub faktor, yaitu kebijakan formal, iklim kebijakan dan hak properti. Untuk menjelaskan ketiga faktor tersebut, dijabarkan beberapa contoh kasus yang relevan di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah kualitatif dengan teknik studi kepustakaan dan studi dokumen. Hasil dari tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk menjelaskan ketiga sub faktor tersebut dapat melalui beberapa poin sehingga menyebabkan deforestasi.

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ABSTRACTThis paper discusses the policy and institutional factors as the cause of deforestation in Indonesia 1999 2004. These factors can be explained through deforestation theory which lays out in three sub factors namely, formal policies, policy climate and property rights. To explain these three factors, I give some examples of relevant cases in Indonesia. The research methodology was qualitative with literature study and document study techniques. The results of this paper indicate that to explain the three sub factors can be through several points leading to deforestation. "