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"[ABSTRAKPeruntukan kawasan jalan pesisir (coastal area) di kabupaten Karimun padaperencanaan awal yaitu sebagai kawasan pariwisata, namun saat ini kondisieksisting sebagai kawasan perdagangan. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisisbiaya dan manfaat, dimana perhitungan analisis biaya dan manfaat yang dilakukanmerupakan metode untuk mengetahui manfaat terbesar dari peruntukan kawasanjalan pesisir sehingga dapat menentukan kebijakan optimal pada kawasantersebut. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa peruntukan kawasan jalan pesisir yanglayak adalah sebagai kawasan perdagangan karena memenuhi seluruh indikatoryaitu NPV (Net Present Value) sebesar Rp. 141.325.253.867, IRR (internal rateof return) sebesar 40,8% dan BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio) sebesar 2,735. Dari hasiltersebut dapat dikatakan bahwa peruntukan optimal kawasan jalan pesisir (coastalarea) di kabupaten Karimun adalah sebagai kawasan perdagangan. Pemerintahdaerah akan mendapatkan manfaat terbesar dengan menerapkan kawasan jalanpesisir sebagai kawasan perdagangan.Kemudian dilakukan simulasi pada kawasan pariwisata beberapa skenario denganhasil pada simulasi 1 dan 2 biaya 100% ditanggung pemerintah dengan asumsiterjadi kenaikan pendapatan dan biaya setiap tahunnya. Hasilnya peruntukankawasan coastal area tidak memenuhi NPV karena kurang dari nol. Pada simulasi3 dibuat gabungan antara pihak swasta dan investor dengan hasil untuk NPV danBCR menjadi layak. Dari hasil simulasi yang dilakukan dapat memberikanmasukan kebijakan kepada pemerintah daerah agar memenuhi kelayakan padakawasan jalan pesisir perlu dilakukan kerjasama swasta dan pemerintah. Sehinggaperencanaan dapat aplikatif dan memberikan kesejahteraan melalui pendapatanpemerintah daerah yang dapat digunakan kembali untuk pembangunan dalambidang lainnya.

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ABSTRACTAllotment coastal road area in Karimun regency in the early planning is atourism area, but existing condition of coastal road area currently as a tradearea. In this research, the analysis of costs and benefits, where the calculation ofcost-benefit analysis is carried out to determine the greatest benefits of allotmentarea coastal road so as to determine the optimal policy in the region. The result ofthis research showed decent allotment for coastal road area in Karimun district isthe current existing condition which is a trade area because it meets all theindicators with NPV (Net Present Value) in amount of Rp. 141, 325, 253 867, IRR(internal rate of return) in amount of 40.8% and BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio) inamount of 2.735. From these results we can say that optimal allotment coastalroad area (coastal area) in the district Karimun is a trade area. Localgovernments will gain the greatest benefit by implementing a coastal road area asa trade area.Then, researcher do simulation for turism area with the result of simulations 1and 2 for cost 100% paid by government with assumption increasein cost andbenefit each year. The result allotment turism area does not approve due to lessthen zeroNPV. In simulation 3 made a joint between investor and government hasa result NPV and BCR become feasible. From the result can provide policy adviceto local governments in order to meet the eligibility on the coastal road areashould be private and government cooperation. So that planning can be appliedand provide welfare through local government revenues that can be reused fordevelopment in other fields., Allotment coastal road area in Karimun regency in the early planning is atourism area, but existing condition of coastal road area currently as a tradearea. In this research, the analysis of costs and benefits, where the calculation ofcost-benefit analysis is carried out to determine the greatest benefits of allotmentarea coastal road so as to determine the optimal policy in the region. The result ofthis research showed decent allotment for coastal road area in Karimun district isthe current existing condition which is a trade area because it meets all theindicators with NPV (Net Present Value) in amount of Rp. 141, 325, 253 867, IRR(internal rate of return) in amount of 40.8% and BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio) inamount of 2.735. From these results we can say that optimal allotment coastalroad area (coastal area) in the district Karimun is a trade area. Localgovernments will gain the greatest benefit by implementing a coastal road area asa trade area.Then, researcher do simulation for turism area with the result of simulations 1and 2 for cost 100% paid by government with assumption increasein cost andbenefit each year. The result allotment turism area does not approve due to lessthen zeroNPV. In simulation 3 made a joint between investor and government hasa result NPV and BCR become feasible. From the result can provide policy adviceto local governments in order to meet the eligibility on the coastal road areashould be private and government cooperation. So that planning can be appliedand provide welfare through local government revenues that can be reused fordevelopment in other fields.]"

"Pengembangan Kawasan Monas telah direncanakan sesuai dengan Keputusan Presiden no.25 Tahun 1995. Namun pada tahun 1998 pengembangan tersebut menjadi terhenti dikarenakan adanya krisis moneter. Saat ini pengelola Kawasan Monas ingin melanjutkan kembali pengembangan tersebut sesuai dengan masterplan yang ada. Sehingga sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam melanjutkan pengembangan Kawasan Monas diperlukan suatu penelitian mengenai kelayakan apakah pengembangan ini perlu untuk dilakukan. Penelitian untuk uji kelayakan proyek pengembangan ini dengan menggunakan metode analisis biaya manfaat. Hal tersebut dikarenakan didalam proyek pemerintah lebih mengedepankan manfaat dibandingkan profit yang diterima. Dalam penelitian ini didapatkan nilai manfaat yang tidak terlihat dari pengembangan Kawasan Monas sebesar Rp 42.017.808.000 dan dengan biaya pengembangan sebesar Rp 387.243.999.397 sehingga dengan nilai ini didapatkan hasil analisis biaya manfaat sebesar 1,49 yang mana menandakan bahwa proyek pengembangan ini layak untuk dilakukan.

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Monas Area Development has been planned in accordance with the Presidential Decree No.25 of 1995. However, in 1998 the development came to a standstill due to the financial crisis. Currently the Monas area want to resume the development in accordance with the existing masterplan. So as consideration in the continuing development of Monas area, required a feasibility study on whether this development needs to be done. Research to test the feasibility of this development project using cost benefit analysis. That is because the government project is more utilitarian than the profit earned. In this study, the value of benefits which are not visible from the development area of ??Monas are Rp 42,017,808,000 and development costs amounted is Rp 387 243 999 397. So based on these values, ??showed a point from cost benefit analysis is 1.49 which indicates that the development project is feasible to do."

"Sesuai Peraturan Daerah Provinsi DKI Jakarta Nomor 3 Tahun 2013 tentang Pengelolaan Sampah terjadi perubahan kebijakan pola pengangkutan sampah di kawasan berpengelola di DKI Jakarta. Pengangkutan sampah kawasan dari sumber sampai ke Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir menjadi kewajiban penanggung jawab dan/atau pengelola kawasan dan dapat dikerjasamakan dengan badan usaha di bidang kebersihan dengan Pola Business to Business. Kawasan yang dimaksud adalah kawasan permukiman, komersial, industri dan khusus. Perubahan kebijakan tersebut diprediksi menimbulkan biaya dan manfaat bagi pemangku kepentingan (stakeholders) terkait. Penelitian ini berusaha untuk menganalisis perubahan kesejahteraan (welfare) yang diterima oleh masyarakat, pemerintah dan swasta akibat adanya perubahan kebijakan tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah Metode Analisis Biaya Manfaat.Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa perubahan net benefit positif diterima oleh masyarakat, pemerintah dan swasta penyedia jasa angkut sedangkan perubahan net benefit negatif diterima pihak swasta pengelola kawasan komersial dan industri. Perubahan net benefit keseluruhan bernilai positif yang berarti terjadi peningkatan kesejahteraan secara agregat.

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Act of Regional Government of DKI Jakarta Number 3 Year 2013 regarding Waste Management stated that the management of settlement area, commercial area, industrial area and specific area obligate to collect the waste from their area. Collection is in the form of picking-up and carrying out waste from the managed area to the final waste processing site. This task can be done by using Business to Business Scheme. This policy alternation will cause costs and benefits to related stakeholders. The objective of this research is to analyze welfare changes that accepted by society, government and private sector in consequence of policy alternation of waste collection in managed area. Data analysis was conducted using cost benefit analysis method.We found that change of net benefit is positive. The change of net benefit for society, government and private sector which supply waste collection service are positive. Negative change net benefit is received by the management of commercial and industrial area."

"Tesis ini merupakan hasil penelitian dan analisis dari proses business coaching yang dilakukan pada UMKM Soedja, yang bergerak di bidang minuman nabati. Tujuan dari tesis ini adalah melakukan analisis biaya-manfaat dalam penentuan saluran penjualan yang baru. Data yang didapat dari hasil business coaching diolah menggunakan analisis segmenting, targeting, dan positioning (STP), Business Model Canvas (BMC), bauran pemasaran, SWOT, porters five forces, dan analisis gap dengan melakukan wawancara serta observasi secara langsung kepada pemilik UMKM. Analisis biaya-manfaat bertujuan agar Soedja dapat mencapai target penjualan dan meningkatkan volume penjualan yang stabil setiap bulanya. Dalam penelitian ini, pembukaan titik jual baru dilakukan dan menggunakan proyeksi penjualan dalam berbagai kondisi (optimis, moderat, atau pesimis) di kombinasikan dengan penambahan reseller untuk mencapai tingkat pendapatan yang diinginkan oleh pemilik UMKM.

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This Thesis is the result of the business coaching process based on Magister Management University of Indonesias (MMUI) model carried out on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) named Soedja, which is engaged in plant-based beverages. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the cost and benefit of the new business sales channel. The data collected by conducting interviews and observations directly to MSME owner and employees then processed using analysis of segmenting, targeting, and positioning (STP), Business Model Canvas (BMC), marketing mix, SWOT, and Porters five forces, in order to construct the gap to know the urgency of the problem. The purpose of the cost and benefit analysis is so Soedja can achieve the sales target and has stable sales volume every month. In this study, the author using sales projections in various conditions (optimistic, moderate, or pessimistic) to know the possible combination in opening new selling points and combined with the addition of resellers to achieve the desired level of income by MSME owners."

"This book, which was first published in 1972, is not a collection of case-studies in cost-benefit analysis, of which there had been already several in use employing techniques of varying degrees of sophistication. Nor is it a manual of instruction with particular orientation for less developed counties, such as those produced under the auspices of the U.N. and the O.E.C.D. What this volume does attempt is to introduce the student of economics to the logic and the concepts used in cost-benefit analysis."

"Skripsi ini membahas proyek pengadaan LOTO untuk seluruh mesin produksi PT Kalbe Farma Tbk. yang belum dapat terlaksana karena belum adanya informasi yang cukup tentang manfaat (benefit) pemasangan LOTO dari biaya pengadaan (cost) LOTO yang besar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui seberapa besar manfaat dalam sisi ekonomi dari pengurangan risiko keselamatan pada pekerjaan maintenance dengan menggunakan LOTO. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan analisis risiko semikuantitatif serta perbandingan cost dari biaya yang diperlukan untuk mengurangi risiko dengan benefit dari keuntungan langsung atau tidak langsung yang didapat karena risiko dapat berkurang. Hasil penelitian menyarankan bahwa proyek pengadaan LOTO untuk semua mesin di area produksi PT Kalbe Farma segera dilaksankan karena risiko keselamatan pekerjaan maintenance mesin di area produksi adalah 225-450 (priority 1-very high), nilai Rasio BC (benefit-cost) adalah 1.79 untuk mesin-mesin dengan risiko terjepit/terpotong dan 5.66 untuk mesin-mesin dengan risiko kematian (BC>1) sehingga pengendalian risiko keselamatan kerja dengan LOTO layak untuk dilakukan, serta estimasi penurunan kerugian dari turunnya risiko keselamatan kerja dengan menggunakan LOTO adalah Rp. 98.072.820,00.

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The focus of this study is LOTO project for all of production machines at PT Kalbe Farma Tbk. that have not be implemented yet since there is no information regarding benefit from LOTO implementation that produces big cost. The purpose of this study is to know how much economical benefit of LOTO implementation in decreasing safety risk. The study used descriptive analytic with semi-quantitative risk assesment approach and comparison between cost from LOTO implementation and benefit from risk decreasing. The researcher suggest that the company should implement LOTO soon since the result of maintenance working risk assesment is 225-450 (priority 1-very high), benefit-cost ratio is 1.79 for non-death risk machine and 5.66 for death risk machine (Rasio BC >1) which means LOTO implementation can be done, and estimation of loss decreasing from risk decreasing using LOTO is Rp. Rp. 98.072.820,00."

"ABSTRAKBiaya pengiriman barang merupakan komponen biaya paling penting dalam menentukan laba atau rugi dari perusahaan ekspedisi. Salah satu faktor yang dominan dalam menentukan besar atau kecilnya biaya yang harus dikeluarkan oleh perusahaan adalah rute perjalanan yang ditempuh oleh perusahaan serta biaya jasa transportasi yang digunakan. Pada pilihan rute perjalanan terkini, dari dua tujuan yang diteliti, Banjarmasin dan Bontang, PT ABC telah menerapkan alternatif dengan biaya paling optimum meski dengan waktu tempuh yang sama dengan lead time. Penerapan rute terkini dari PT ABC untuk dua tujuan lain yang diteliti, yakni Makasar dan Balikpapan belum optimum dari segi waktu dan biaya sehingga PT ABC dapat mengambil alternatif lain untuk kedua tujuan tersebut.

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ABSTRACTDelivery cost is the most important cost component in determining profit or loss of freight forwarding company. One of the dominant factors in determining high or low cost to be incurred by the company is the route taken by the company and the cost of transportation services used by the company. At the current route selections of two destinations examined, Banjarmasin and Bontang, PT ABC has implemented the most optimum cost alternative although with the same delivery time to the lead time offered. Current route seletions of two other destinations examined, Makasar and Balikpapan, have not been optimum in terms of cost and time so that PT ABC can take other alternatives for both destination."

"International environmental issues are so important at recent year. We need a global responsibility to solve the trans boundary environmental proble . Indonesia, one of country that has a large forest in the world, hold the main role to support the environmental sustainability. The answer is how we care the world through our green ,foresfiy. This paper, "Cost Benefit Analysis in The Carbon Trading Through Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) To Support Indonesia's Reforestation," gives us the picture of Indonesia's forestry, the beneficial of forest's project and the finding of global responsibilities to make a better for mankind. Our perspective about the utility q fforest is so important to determine the decision we choose. The global environmental issues rise awareness and responsibilities, in developed and development countries. Likely global warming issues as the impact of higher carbon dioksida concentration in the atmosfer. The impact is so large among the countries. According that, each developed court.'y that has a concerned to environment, builds a commitment to reduce the emission-carbon dioksida. As developing countries, they have duties to maintain their forest, likely doing reforestation. To remind, that CDM has recognized a plantation of forest since 1990. So, we do not calculate the natural forest in carbon trading. Through CDM, forest produce certification-we called "Certified Emission Reduction" as a material in carbon trading. That certifications show how much pollution could be generated by country. Its over the rate of pollution can be tolerated by environment. Through cost benefit analysis-in the context of Indonesia, reforestation is so beneficial from economic and environmental perspective. The focus of this research is East Kalimantan in 10.000 area of forest. This paper compares the worthwhile of forest -such biodiversity, the fresh air, the clean water, woods and other forest product-with the cost doing reforestation. We use net present value to show us that reforestation activity so benefit. Time period of project is 28 years- based on other research, the reforestation project through CDM is feasible and beneficial. From the analysis-benefit and cost-the net present value of reforestation project is US $ 73.805.675. It shows us how much benefit that we earn from this activity. The potential income that would be received is US $ 2.890.500 based on the assumption that certifications could be sold in the price US $ 5.875 each carbon ton. Indonesia has a large chalice to be one of participant in CDM program. So, the cooperation between central and region is so important to create the success of this program. We need the clear law to make everything so easy to implement."