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"[Latar belakangMelasma adalah kelainan kulit hiperpigmentasi simetris, didapat, umumnya ditandai oleh makula coklat hingga coklat gelap pada daerah kulit yang terpajan sinar matahari. Patogenesis melasma masih belum diketahui dengan jelas. Berdasarkan perkembangan terkini, interaksi antara vaskularisasi kulit dan melanosit diduga memiliki peranan pada lesi melasma.TujuanUntuk megetahui proporsi telangiektasis pada pasien melasma dan menilai korelasi skor telangiektasis dengan derajat keparahan pigmentasi lesi melasma.MetodeSejumlah 48 wanita dengan melasma diikutsertakan apada penelitian observasional potong lintang ini. Mereka dipilih berdasarkan metode consecutive sampling. Wajah dari masing-masing subyek penelitian (SP) diperiksa dan kemudian dibagi dalam 4 area: dahi, malar kiri, malar kanan, dan dagu. Keparahan pigmentasi lesi melasma dievaluasi menggunakan skor pigmentasi berdasarkan Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI). Skor telagiektasis dinilai menggunakan 5-point dermoscopic scale yang telah tervalidasi, dengan bantuan alat dermoskopi. Analisis statistik dilakukan untuk menilai hubungan antara skor telangiektasis dengan derajat keparahan pigmentasi lesi melasma.HasilDengan bantuan dermoskopi, ditemukan telangiektasis pada 35,4% (n=17/48) SP. Dari total 192 area wajah yang diperiksa, 124(64,5%) di antaranya memilik lesi pigmentasi. . Derajat pigmentasi 1 sejumlah 64,8%, derajat 2 sebanyak 26,4%, dan derajat 3 sejumlah 8,8%. Dari 124 lesi pigmentasi didapatkan 29(23,3%) lesi dengan telangiektasis. Skor telangiektasis 1 pada 7,2% lesi, skor 2 pada 13,6% lesi, dan skor 3 pada 2,4% lesi pigmentasi. Berdasarkan analisis statistik, terdapat korelasi positif bermakna antara derajat pigmentasi dengan skor telangiektasis melasma (r = 0.474, p < 0.0001).;BackgroundMelasma is a common acquired symmetrical hypermelanosis characterized by irregular light to dark brown macules and patches on sun-exposed areas of the skin. The pathogenesis of melasma is still poorly understood. Recently, interaction between skin vascularity and melanocytes has been proposed to have influence in melasma pigmentation.PurposeTo investigate the proportion of telangiectases in melasma and its correlation with pigmentation severity of melasma.MethodsA total of 48 woman with melasma were included in this cross-sectional observational study. They were selected based of consecutive sampling method. The face of each subject were examined and divided into 4 regions: forehead, left malar, right malar, and chin area. Pigmentation severity of facial melasma skin was evaluated using the pigmentation score of Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI). Telangictases score was assessed using a validated 5-point dermoscopic scale with the aid of a hand-held noncontact polarized dermoscope. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the association between pigmentation severity and telangiectases score.ResultsUsing dermoscope, we found telangiectases with various severity in 35.4%(n=17/48) of the subjects. Of the total 192 facial areas examined, 124(64,5%) of which, have melasma pigmentation. The percentage of pigmentation degree is 64,8% for grade 1, 26,4% for grade 2, dan 8,8% for grade 3. Of these area with pigmentation, 29(23,3%) had telangiectases. Telangiectases score of 1, 2, and 3 present in 7,2%, 13,6%, dan 2,4% of pigmentation lesion, respectively. There was significant relationship between telangiectases and pigmentation in melasma, as increased pigmentation was correlated modestly with telangiectases score (r = 0.474, p < 0.0001)., BackgroundMelasma is a common acquired symmetrical hypermelanosis characterized by irregular light to dark brown macules and patches on sun-exposed areas of the skin. The pathogenesis of melasma is still poorly understood. Recently, interaction between skin vascularity and melanocytes has been proposed to have influence in melasma pigmentation.PurposeTo investigate the proportion of telangiectases in melasma and its correlation with pigmentation severity of melasma.MethodsA total of 48 woman with melasma were included in this cross-sectional observational study. They were selected based of consecutive sampling method. The face of each subject were examined and divided into 4 regions: forehead, left malar, right malar, and chin area. Pigmentation severity of facial melasma skin was evaluated using the pigmentation score of Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI). Telangictases score was assessed using a validated 5-point dermoscopic scale with the aid of a hand-held noncontact polarized dermoscope. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the association between pigmentation severity and telangiectases score.ResultsUsing dermoscope, we found telangiectases with various severity in 35.4%(n=17/48) of the subjects. Of the total 192 facial areas examined, 124(64,5%) of which, have melasma pigmentation. The percentage of pigmentation degree is 64,8% for grade 1, 26,4% for grade 2, dan 8,8% for grade 3. Of these area with pigmentation, 29(23,3%) had telangiectases. Telangiectases score of 1, 2, and 3 present in 7,2%, 13,6%, dan 2,4% of pigmentation lesion, respectively. There was significant relationship between telangiectases and pigmentation in melasma, as increased pigmentation was correlated modestly with telangiectases score (r = 0.474, p < 0.0001).]"

"Prevalensi gejala depresi pada orang dengan demensia ODD berkisar 30-50 . Hal ini menandakan bahwa pada sebagian besar ODD gejala depresi timbul beriringan dengan penurunan kognitif. Beberapa penelitian mengemukakan bahwa gejala depresi pada demensia timbul karena ODD kehilangan kemandirian dalam beraktivitas sehari-hari serta melupakan banyak hal esensial dalam hidup, seperti nama keluarga dan kerabat, terutama pada ODD dengan tingkat pendidikan yang tinggi. Penelitian ini ingin melihat apakah terdapat korelasi antara skor gejala depresi dan skor kognitif global dengan memeriksa 42 ODD menggunakan Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale MADRS untuk menilai skor gejala depresi dan Mini Mental State Examination MMSE untuk menilai skor kognitif global. Pada penelitian ini ODD yang digunakan sebagai subjek penelitian dibatasi, yaitu hanya ODD dengan rentang skor MMSE 17-23 gangguan kognitif ringan dan MADRS.

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T is estimated that 30 50 of people with dementia PWD suffer from significant depression. This fact marks that in most PWD, depression occurs at the same time with cognitive decline. Several researches explain that this happens because PWD cannot run their daily activities independently and forgot many essential things, such as family. It is also known that depression occurs more in highly educated people. Therefore, this research is made with the intention to find the correlation between the depression score and global cognitive score in 42 PWD using Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale MADRS to assess the symptoms of depression and Mini Mental State Examination MMSE to assess te global cognitive score. PWD that are included in this research restricted only they who had MMSE score between 17 and 23 mild cognitive impairment , and MADRS score below 34 no depression, mild depression, and moderate depression . Of 42 subjects, depression occurred in 41 97,6 of 42 subjects and the global cognitive score mean is 19,53. Depression score has a strong correlation with global cognitive score r 0,647, p"

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Penyakit kardiovaskular adalah penyebab kematian yang paling sering pada pasien AR dengan laju1,5-1,6 kali lebih tinggi dari populasi non AR. Prevalensi gagal jantung pada AR dua kali lipat dibanding non AR. Karakteristik pasien AR Indonesia berbeda dibanding pasien di Negara Barat. Masih sedikit penelitian yang melihat korelasi faktor resiko non tradisional dengan disfungsi diastolik.Tujuan: Mengetahui apakah ada korelasi faktor resiko non tradisional yaitu lama menderita penyakit, derajat aktivitas penyakit dan skor disabilitas dengan disfungsi diastolik pada wanita penderita ARMetode: Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang pada wanita penderita AR yang berobat ke poli Rematologi RSCM dari Oktober 2015-Januari 2016.Sampel penelitian belum pernah dinyatakan menderita penyakit jantung sebelumnya.Disfungsi diastolik dinilai secara ekhokardiografi. Lama menderita sakit diperoleh dengan wawancara langsung, sementara aktivitas penyakit dan tingkat disabilitas dinilai dengan menghitung skor DAS28 dan skor HAQ-DI.Hasil: Disfungsi diastolik dijumpai pada 30,8 % partisipan ( masing-masing 13,5% tingkat ringan dan sedang, dan berat sebesar 3,8% ). Rerata lama menderita AR 26,5 bulan (rentang 2-240), rerata DAS28-CRP 2,69±1,11 sementara DAS28-LED 3,65 (rentang 1,13-7,5), rerata skor HAQ-DI 0,29 (rentang 0-2,38). Hipertropi LV dijumpai pada 34,6% partisipan, rerata EF 66,7±5,76%. Kelainan katup dijumpai pada 34,6% partisipan. Korelasi antara lama sakit, DAS28-CRP, DAS28-LED and skor HAQDI dengan E/A secara berurutan adalah (r= - 0,065; p=0,89), (r=0,393; p=0,38), (r=0,357; p=0,43), (r=0,630; p=0,12) ; sementara dengan E/E? secara berurutan adalah (r=0,136; p=0,77), (r= - 0,536; p=0,21), (r= - 0,393; p=0,38), (r=0,374; p=0,41)Simpulan: Lama menderita sakit, derajat aktivitas penyakit dan derajat disabilitas, tidak memiliki korelasi yang bermakna secara statistik dengan disfungsi diastolik. Angka hipertropi jantung juga cukup tinggi, dan kelainan katup yang paling sering di jumpai adalah regurgitasi ringan.Dengan tingginya angka proporsi disfungsi diastolik pada penelitian ini maka diusulkan agar dirumuskan strategi penatalaksanaan jantung pada pasien-pasien AR untuk mencegah progresifitasnya.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Cardiovascular is the main cause of death in RA, with the rate of 1.5-1.6 times higher than non RA population .The prevalence of HF in RA is 2 times fold of non RA. RA patients characteristics in Indonesia is different from the ones in western. There are only few studies about correlation between non traditional risk factor and diastolic dysfunction in RA patients.Objective: To study the correlation between each of the non traditional risk factors including disease duration,disease activity and disability score with the diastolic dysfunction in women with RA.Methods: A cross-sectional, consecutive sampling study conducted to 52 RA women without any previous history of cardiovascular disease. All participants underwent an echocardiography to asses the diastolic dysfunction and other findings associated. Duration of disease is assesed by direct interview, while the disease activity by calculating DAS28 and disability sore by HAQ-DI.Results: Diastolic dysfunction was found in 30.8 % of study participants ( 13.5 % for each low and moderate grade, while severe was 3.8% ). Mean of disease duration was 26.5 months (range 2-240), mean DAS28-CRP 2.69±1.11 while mean DAS28-ESR 3.65 (range 1.13-7.5), HAQ-DI score 0.29 (range 0-2.38). LV hypertrophy was found in 34.61% participants. Mean EF 66.7±5.76%. Valve abnormality was found in 34.6% study participants. Correlation between duration of disease, DAS28-CRP, DAS28-ESR and HAQDI score with E/A in sequence was (r= - 0.065; p=0.89), (r=0.393; p=0.38), (r=0.357; p=0.43), (r=0.630; p=0.12) ; while with E/E? in sequence was (r=0.136; p=0.77), (r= - 0.536; p=0.21), (r= - 0.393; p=0.38), (r=0.374; p=0.41)Conclusions; Duration of the disease, the disease activity score and disability score in our RA study participants had no correlation with diastolic dysfunction. The most valvular abnormality findings was mild regurgitation. Since there was a big proportion of participants with diastolic dysfunction, it is encouraged to make a stepwise approach of cardiovascular management in patients with RA."

"Latar Belakang: Penyakit kardiovaskular terutama penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) merupakan penyebab utama kematian pasien dengan penyakit perlemakan hati non-alkoholik (PPHNA). Pengukuran controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) menilai derajat steatosis hati secara non-invasif dan terukur, sementara skor SYNTAX dapat menggambarkan derajat aterosklerosis koroner dan membantu pemilihan modalitas revaskularisasi koroner (PCI atau CABG). Hingga saat ini, belum diketahui korelasi antara nilai CAP dengan skor SYNTAX pada pasien PJK signifikan. Tujuan: Mengetahui korelasi antara nilai CAP steatosis hati dengan skor SYNTAX lesi koroner pada pasien PJK signifikan. Metode: Studi potong lintang dengan populasi terjangkau adalah pasien dewasa yang menjalani tindakan angiografi koroner di ruang cathlab Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo pada bulan Juli hingga Oktober 2023 dan terbukti menderita PJK signifikan. Selanjutnya dilakukan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan darah, penilaian CAP dengan elastografi transien, dan penghitungan skor SYNTAX. Analisis data dilakukan untuk mencari koefisien korelasi antara nilai CAP dengan skor SYNTAX. Hasil: Didapatkan 124 subjek penelitian dengan dengan rasio laki-laki berbanding perempuan 5:1 dan rerata usia 59,8 ± 11,1 tahun. Rerata IMT 25,6 ± 3,5 kg/m2, dengan 54,8% subjek tergolong obesitas. Sebanyak 94,4% dan 55,6% subjek menderita hipertensi dan DM, dengan tekanan darah dan parameter glikemik relatif terkontrol. Rerata HDL 38,8 ± 10,8 mg/dL dengan 55,6% subjek memiliki HDL rendah, dan median LDL 109,5 mg/dL dengan 89,5% subjek belum mencapai target LDL. Rerata nilai CAP 256,5 ± 47,3 dB/m, dengan 52,5% subjek (IK 95%: 43,3% - 61,5%) menderita steatosis signifikan (nilai CAP ≥ 248 dB/m), Median skor SYNTAX 22. Uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan korelasi positif dan signifikan antara nilai CAP dengan skor SYNTAX (r = 0,245, p < 0,0001). Kesimpulan: Diantara pasien dengan PJK signifikan, 52,5% diantaranya memiliki steatosis hati non-alkoholik signifikan. Terdapat korelasi positif dan bermakna antara nilai CAP dengan skor SYNTAX pada pasien PJK signifika.

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Background: Cardiovascular diseases, particularly coronary artery disease (CAD), is the leading cause of death in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) measurement assesses the degree of liver steatosis in a non-invasive and measurable manner, while the SYNTAX score depicts the degree of coronary atherosclerosis and aids in the selection of coronary revascularization modalities (PCI or CABG). To date, the correlation between CAP values and SYNTAX scores in patients with significant CAD remains unknown. Objective: To determine the correlation between controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) value of liver steatosis and SYNTAX score of coronary lesions in patients with significant CAD. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on an accessible population of adult patients who underwent coronary angiography at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital catheterization laboratory from July to October 2023, and were proven to have significant CAD. Anamnesis, physical examination, blood tests, CAP assessment with transient elastography, and SYNTAX score calculation were performed. Data analysis was conducted to find the correlation coefficient between CAP values and SYNTAX scores. Results: A total of 124 patients were included in this study, with a mean age of 59.8 ± 11.1 years and 5:1 of male to female ratio. The mean BMI was 25.6 ± 3.5 kg/m2, with 54.8% subjects classified as obese. A total of 94.4% and 55.6% subjects were hypertensive and diabetic with relatively controlled blood pressure and glycemic parameters. The mean HDL was 38.8 ± 10.8 mg/dL with 55.6% of the subjects having low HDL, and a median LDL of 109.5 mg/dL, with 89.5% of the subjects yet to achieve the optimal LDL target. The mean CAP value was 256.5 ± 47.3 dB/m, with 52.5% of the subjects having significant steatosis (CAP value ≥ 248 dB/m). The median SYNTAX score was 22. The Spearman correlation test showed a positive and significant correlation between CAP values and SYNTAX score (r = 0.245, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Among patients with significant CAD, 52.5% have significant non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis. There is a positive and significant correlation between CAP values and SYNTAX scores in patients with significant CAD."

"Latar belakang dan tujuan: Akne vulgaris AV merupakan inflamasi kronik pada unit pilosebasea. Beberapa penelitian telah meneliti kadar 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 OH D] serum pada pasien AV dengan hasil bervariasi, namun umumnya rendah. Kadar vitamin D diduga terpengaruh oleh pajanan sinar matahari, letak geografis, ras/tipe kulit, dan asupan makanan, sehingga mungkin temuan di Indonesia akan berbeda daripada penelitian terdahulu di luar negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar 25 OH D serum dan hubungan dengan derajat keparahan, lesi inflamasi, noninflamasi, dan total lesi AV. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang ini melibatkan 30 subjek penelitian SP, direkrut secara consecutive sampling, terbagi rata ke dalam kelompok AV ringan AVR, AV sedang AVS, dan AV berat AVB berdasarkan klasifikasi Lehmann. Faktor risiko AV yang berkaitan dengan vitamin D pajanan sinar matahari, penggunaan tabir surya, suplementasi, jumlah lesi, dan kadar 25 OH D serum dinilai pada seluruh SP. Hasil : Median kadar 25 OH D serum pada kelompok AVR, AVS, dan AVB yaitu 16,3 9,1- 17,8 ng/mL, 12,7 9,6-15,6 ng/mL, dan 9,35 4,9-10,9 ng/mL Median pada kelompok AVR dan AVS lebih tinggi dibandingkan AVB.

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Background and objective: Acne vulgaris AV is chronic inflammation of pilosebaceous units. Several studies have investigated the levels of serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D 25 OH D in AV patients with varying outcomes, but mostly decreased. Vitamin D levels are thought to be affected by sun exposure, geographical location, race skin type, and food intake, that research in Indonesia may yield different results. This study aimed to determine the level of serum 25 OH D and its association with the severity and the number of inflammatory, noninflammatory, and total AV lesions.

Methods: This cross sectional study included 30 patients. Subjects were recruited by consecutive sampling, grouped equally into mild, moderate, and severe AV based on Lehmann's classification. The risk factors for inadequate vitamin D such as sun exposures, sunscreen, and suplements, the number of lesions, and serum 25 OH D levels were assessed on all subjects.

Results: The median concentrations of serum 25 OH D in the three groups were respectively 16.3 9.1 17.8 ng mL, 12.7 9.6 15.6 ng mL, and 9.35 4.9 10.9 ng mL p."

"Pabrik sepatu merupakan suatu industri pengolahan yang pekerjanya hampir seluruhnya wanita dimana pekerja di bagian stitching athletic bekerja dengan kepala menunduk menghadap mesin kerja. Pada saat kepala maju kedepan diperlukan kekuatan untuk keseimbangan kepala dan bila ini berlangsung lama akan timbul kelelahan otot yang berakibat nyeri. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian ini dengan tujuan mengetahui prevalensi serta faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan nyeri tengkuk.Disain penelitian adalah penelitian potong lintang dengan jumlah sample 251 yang diambil secara random sampling. Data penelitian didapat dari data medical check up, anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan nyeri tekan pada daerah sub occipital, tes kompresi menurut Lhermittet, dan pengukuran-pengukuran antara lain pengukuran sudut fleksi leher menggunakan flexible curve, antopometri, tinggi meja dan penerangan.Hasil penelitian:Didapatkan prevalensi nyeri tengkuk sebesar 55.4%. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan nyeri tengkuk adalah umur (p = 0.006) dan fleksi leher (p = 0.000). Faktor yang paling berperan adalah fleksi leher (p = 0.000. OR - 4.58).Kesimpulan:Dari penelitian ini secara statistik terbukti bahwa fleksi leher berhubungan dengan timbulnya nyeri tengkuk dimana pada fleksi ≥ 20° mempunyai risiko 4.58 kali lebih besar dari pada fleksi < 20°. Perlu adanya penyuluhan atau pelatihan bagi pekerja tentang cara kerja yang ergonomis dan gerakan-gerakan senam ringan untuk mengurangi keluhan nyeri tengkuk. Oleh karena itu untuk mencegah dan mengurangi prevalensi nyeri tengkuk perlu pemahaman dan kerjasama yang baik dari manajemen, pekerja, perawat dan dokter perusahaan serta instansi terkait.Relation between Neck Flexion and Neck Pain in Woman Workers of Stitching Athletic Division, Shoe Factory in Tangerang

The shoe factory is a manufactory industry where most workers are women. The workers from stitching athletic division usually work with bowing forward. If the head is bent forward muscle strength is needed to maintain the position. In long period this condition leads to muscle fatigue including neck pain. Based on above situation, the research is carried out to assess the prevalence and factors influencing neck pain.

Design research is cross sectional study with amount of 251 samples and randomly selected. The research data are compiled from medical check-up, anamnesis, physical examination, pain pressure examination on sub occipital area , compression test according Lhermitte and other measurements, such as : angle measurement of neck flexion using flexible curve, anthropometry, high' of table and lighting.

Result:

Prevalence of neck pain 55.4%. The neck pain is associated with age (p = 0.006) and neck flexion (p=0.000). The neck flexion is a main factor to deal with the neck pain.

Conclusion:

The research shows that neck pain is statistically associated with neck flexion where neck flexion > 20° has 4.58 greater risks than neck flexion ≤ 20°. Training and counseling on ergonomics of work ethic and light relaxation are needed by the workers in order to reduce neck pain. Awareness and collaboration among management, workers, nurses, company doctors and integrated sector is essential aspect to prevent and minimize prevalence of neck pain of employees."

"Industri manufaktur, termasuk industri sepatu, memiliki peran penting dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi, namun seringkali pekerja perempuan di sektor ini menghadapi risiko kesehatan yang tinggi, termasuk risiko kejadian abortus spontan. Adapun kematian ibu di Indonesia juga masih didominasi oleh beberapa penyebab, termasuk abortus spontan. Postur kerja yang tidak ergonomis, seperti berdiri atau duduk lama, adalah salah satu faktor yang dapat memengaruhi kesehatan reproduksi pekerja buruh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara posisi kerja berdiri dan duduk lama dengan kejadian abortus spontan pada pekerja buruh di PT XY Kota Tangerang. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Data primer menggunakan purposive random sampling diperoleh melalui kuesioner yang diisi oleh para pekerja buruh di PT XY, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari poliklinik perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa posisi berdiri dan duduk lama memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kejadian abortus spontan pada pekerja buruh di PT XY Kota Tangerang. Oleh karena itu, perusahaan perlu memperhatikan faktor-faktor ini dalam upaya menjaga kesehatan reproduksi pekerjanya.

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The manufacturing industry, including the footwear sector, plays a pivotal role in economic growth. However, female workers in this field often face elevated health risks, notably the threat of spontaneous abortion. Indonesia's maternal mortality rates are still predominantly driven by various factors, with spontaneous abortion being one of them. Among these factors, unergonomic work postures, such as prolonged standing or sitting, have a significant impact on the reproductive health of laborers. This study is aimed at examining the correlation between extended periods of standing and sitting during work and the incidence of spontaneous abortion among laborers at PT XY in Tangerang City. The research employs a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. Primary data was collected using purposive random sampling, involving questionnaires administered to laborers at PT XY, while secondary data was sourced from the company's polyclinic. The findings underscore the substantial influence of prolonged standing and sitting on the occurrence of spontaneous abortion among laborers at PT XY in Tangerang City. Consequently, companies must address these factors to protect the reproductive health of their employees."

"ABSTRAKBanyak studiBanyak studi epidemiologi, klinis dan in vitro terakhir menunjukkan hubungan antara vitaminD dengan tuberkulosis (TB) paru. Kadar 25-hidroksivitamin D (25(OH)D) yang rendahberhubungan dengan penyakit TB paru aktif dan laten. Namun, sampai saat ini belum ada datamengenai hubungan kadar 25(OH)D dan status vitamin D dengan derajat lesi TB paru. Tujuanpenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan hubungan antara proporsi status vitamin D dankadar 25(OH)D dengan derajat lesi TB paru ringan, sedang dan berat. Desain penelitianpotong lintang, terdiri dari 137 pasien TB paru terbagi menjadi kelompok derajat lesi TB paruringan, sedang dan berat masing-masing 46, 47 dan 44 pasien. Diagnosis TB paruberdasarkan Pedoman Nasional Pengendalian Tuberkulosis, Kementerian Kesehatan RepublikIndonesia. Derajat lesi TB paru dinilai secara radiologis berdasarkan klasifikasi dari NationalTuberculosis and Respiratory Disease Association, New York. Status vitamin D ditetapkanmenurut rekomendasi Holick. Pada ketiga kelompok dicatat data karakteristik subjek dandilakukan pemeriksaan 25(OH)D. Status vitamin D pada subjek penelitian ini didapatkansebanyak 122(89,1%) defisiensi dan 15(10,9%) insufiensi vitamin D. Proporsi defisiensi daninsufisiensi vitamin D kelompok TB paru ringan, sedang dan berat tidak didapatkanperbedaan bermakna, masing-masing dengan 84,8% dan 15,2%; 91,5% dan 8,5%; 90,9% dan9,1%. Kadar 25(OH)D kelompok TB paru ringan, sedang dan berat tidak berbeda bermakna,masing-masing dengan rerata 12,96 (SB±5,83)ng/mL, 12,42 (SB±5,13)ng/mL, dan 11,29(SB±5,61)ng/mL. Kami menyimpulkan status vitamin D dan kadar 25(OH)D tidakberhubungan dengan derajat lesi TB paru. Proporsi defisiensi dan insufisiensi vitamin Dkelompok TB paru ringan, sedang dan berat tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna, masingmasingdengan 84,8% dan 15,2%; 91,5% dan 8,5%; 90,9% dan 9,1%.

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ABSTRACTMost recent epidemiological, clinical and in vitro studies indicate that there is a therelationship between vitamin D and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Low concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is associated with active and latent pulmonary TB disease.Nevertheless, there is no data about the relationship between vitamin D status andconcentrations of 25(OH)D with severity of pulmonary TB. The aim of this study was toobtain the relationship between proportions of vitamin D and concentrations 25(OH)D withmild, moderate and severe degrees of pulmonary TB lesions. This was a cross-sectional study,137 patients with pulmonary TB and 46, 47 and 44 patients each of mild, moderate and severedegree of pulmonary TB lesions, respectively. Diagnosis of pulmonary TB was based onNational Tuberculosis Control Guideline, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia.The degree of pulmonary TB lesion was radiologically assessed based on classifications of theNational Tuberculosis and Respiratory Disease Association, New York. Vitamin D status wasdefined according to Holick recommendations. Baseline characteristics of subjects wererecorded and 25(OH)D concentrations were measured in subjects of each groups. Vitamin Dstatus of the subjects were 122 (89.1%) deficiency and 15 (10.9%) insufficiency of vitamin D.The proportions of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency at mild, moderate and severedegree of pulmonary TB lesions were also not significantly different, i.e. 84.8% and 15.2%,91.5% and 8.5%, 90.9% and 9.1%, respectively. Concentrations of 25 (OH) D in each groupof mild, moderate and severe pulmonary TB lesions were not significantly different, with amean (SD) 12.96 (5.83)ng/mL, 12.42 (5.13)ng/mL, and 11.29 (5.61)ng/mL respectively. It isconcluded that vitamin D status and serum 25 (OH) D were not related to the degree ofpulmonary TB lesion. The proportion of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency at mild,moderate and severe degree of pulmonary TB lesions were also not significantly different, i.e.84.8% and 15.2%, 91.5% and 8.5%, 90.9% and 9.1%, respectively."

"Latar belakang: Alopesia androgenetika merupakan kelainan kerontokan rambut yang paling sering ditemukan, dengan karakteristik kebotakan yang berpola. Kelainan ini sering ditemui pada pria. Hubungan alopesia androgenetika dengan penyakit kronik antara lain resistensi insulin terutama pada pasien pria alopesia androgenetika awitan dini telah dilaporkan pada beberapa penelitian tetapi dengan hasil yang beragam.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui proporsi resistensi insulin menggunakan indeks homeostasis model assestment (HOMA), serta korelasi resistensi insulin dengan derajat keparahan alopesia androgenetika pada kelompok pria alopesia androgenetika awitan dini.Desain: Penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan potong lintangHasil: Didapatkan 41 subyek penelitian (SP), skala Norwood Hamilton paling banyak adalah skala III (41,5 %), diikuti oleh skala IV (26,8 %), dan skala V (12,2 %). Pada penelitian ini terdapat 10 SP (24,4%) dengan resistensi insulin. Berdasarkan analisis statistik, tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara derajat alopesia dengan resistensi insulin. (r2 = 0.14, p > 0.05).Kesimpulan: Resistensi insulin dapat ditemukan 24,4 % pasien pria alopesia androgenetika awitan dini tetapi tidak didapatkan korelasi derajat alopesia dengan tingkat resistensi insulin.

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Background: Androgenetic alopecia is the most commonly found hair loss with patterned baldness. This disorder usually found in men. The relation between androgenetic alopecia with chronic disease among others is insulin resistance in male early onset androgenetic alopecia patient has been reported by several studies with varied results.

Purpose: This study is to investigate the proportion of insulin resistance based on homeostasis model assestment (HOMA) index and its correlation with the degree of alopecia in male early onset androgenetic alopecia.

Study design: This is an analytic descriptive study, sampling method is cross sectional.

Result: The subjects are 41 men with androgenetic alopecia, aged 18-35 years. The percentage of the Norwood Hamilton scale among the patients is 41,5 % for grade III, 26,8 % for grade IV, and 12,2 % for grade V. The insulin resistance is present in 10 subject (24,4%). Based on statistical analysis, there is no significant correlation between alopecia’s degree with insulin resistance (r2 = 0.14, p > 0.05).

Conclusion: the insulin resistance can be found on 24,4 % of male with early onset androgenetic alopecia patients. However there is no correlation between alopecia’s degree and insulin resistance level."

"Latar Belakang: Prolaps organ panggul merupakan salah satu penyakit yang banyak diderita wanita usia lanjut. Salah satu gejala yang diakibatkan dari prolaps organ panggul adalah inkontinensia urin. Inkontinensia urin jenis tekanan merupakan jenis inkontinensia urin terbanyak. Pada beberapa penelitian sebelumnya didapatkan bahwa dengan meningkatnya derajat prolaps organ panggul akan meningkatkan kejadian inkontinensia urin jenis tekanan, akan tetapi hanya terdapat beberapa penelitian yang mendukung hipotesis ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara derajat prolaps kompartemen anterior dengan derajat inkontinensia urin jenis tekanan.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan analitik observasional berdesain potong lintang menggunakan data dari rekam medis pada wanita dengan prolaps organ panggul dan inkontinensia urin jenis tekanan yang datang ke poli uroginekologi periode Juli 2019 – Mei 2020 di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Cipto Mangunkusumo. Kriteria eksklusi dari penelitian ini adalah subyek dengan infeksi saluran kemih, riwayat pembedahan di pelvis, riwayat tumor abdomen atau massa di pelvis. Derajat prolaps kompartemen anterior diukur dengan menggunakan titik-Ba dari POP-Q, sedangkan derajat inkontinensia urin jenis tekanan diukur berdasarkan hasil tes pad 1 jam.Hasil: Sebanyak 32 subyek yang masuk dalam penelitian ini. Didapatkan tidak terdapat korelasi antara derajat prolaps kompartemen anterior dengan derajat inkontinensia urin jenis tekanan (r = 0,240, p = 0,182). Inkontinensia urin jenis tekanan yang tersembunyi dapat ditemukan pada prolaps kompartemen anterior derajat III dan IV.Kesimpulan: Meningkatnya derajat prolaps kompartemen anterior tidak diikuti dengan meningkatnya derajat inkontinensia urin jenis tekanan.

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Background: Pelvic organ prolapse is one of the most prevalent health problems in elderly women. One of its main symptoms is urinary incontinence. Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is the most common type of urinary incontinence. Previous researches had indicated that the degree of anterior prolapse would increase the degree incidence of stress urinary incontinence. However, there are only a few studies supporting this hypothesis. This study aims to investigate the correlation between the degree of anterior compartment prolapse and stress urinary incontinence.

Methods: An analytic observational study using cross sectional design by the medical record was done on women with pelvic organ prolapse and stress urinary incontinence that came to urogynecology clinic during the period of July 2019 to May 2020 in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Subjects with urinary tract infection, history of pelvic surgery, or history of abdominal/pelvic malignancy were excluded. The degree of anterior organ prolapse was measured using POP-Q system (Ba point) while the degree of SUI was measured using 1-hour pad test in grams.

Results: A total of 32 subjects were included in the study. There was no correlation observed between the degree of anterior compartment prolapse and SUI degree (r = 0.240, p = 0.182). Occult type of SUI can be found in grade III and IV of anterior compartement prolapse.

Conclusion: Higher stress urinary incontinence degree was not found in higher anterior prolapse degree in pelvic organ prolapse patients."