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"This new book bridges the gap between the moisturizers and the skin by covering all the essential information required to tailor the use of moisturizers to particular disorders and patients. Important aspects of skin biochemistry and barrier function are explained, and the ingredients and treatment effects of moisturizers are explored in depth. Careful attention is paid to controversies, including the role of certain moisturizers in inducing dryness/eczema, asthma, and comedones. "

"Adenokarsinoma rekti merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di daerah perkotaan. Faktor gaya hidup masyarakat perkotaan seperti Western diet dan kurang aktifitas fisik menjadi faktor predisposisi penting peningkatan insiden kasus ini. Tatalaksana bedah pada kasus ini sering disertai dengan pembuatan stoma. Tujuan penulian ini adalah menganalisa intervensi keperawatan yaitu pembersihan kantong stoma dalam mencegah terjadinya kerusakan integritas kulit pada pasien pasca operasi adenokarsinoma rekti. Hasil analisa praktik mahasiswa di ruang rawat bedah RSUP Fatmawati menunjukkan bahwa masalah iritasi kulit dan infeksi jamur dapat muncul akibat kurang tepatnya tindakan pembersihan kantong stoma. Rekomendasi penulisan ini adalah agar tindakan pembersihan kantong stoma dapat dilakukan sesuai standar dan disesuaikan dengan tipe stoma guna mengurangi resiko komplikasi dan menurunkan angka morbiditas pada pasien pasca operasi adenokarsinoma rekti.

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Rectal Adenocarcinoma is one of the health problem in urban areas. Lifestyle factor of the urban community, such as Western diet and lack of physical activity become an important predisposing factor that increase incidence of this case. The surgical management of this case is often followed by stoma surgery. This article aimed to analyze the implication of stoma bag cleaning as nursing intervention to prevent risk for impaired skin integrity in patients undergoing rectal adenocarcinoma postoperative care. The results of student practice at surgical wards of RSUP Fatmawati showed that the skin irritation and fungal infection can develop from improper process of emptying and cleaning the stoma bag. This article recommends that protocol of cleaning the stoma bag can be carried out according to the standard and suited to the type of the stoma in order to reduce complications and postoperative morbidity in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma."

"Latar belakang. Rekomendasi Global Alliance dalam penanganan AVS meliput antibiotik, asam retinoat, dengan atau tanpa BPO. Resistensi obat menjadi perhatian utama pada penggunaan antibiotik jangka panjang dalam terapi akne vulgaris sedang. Kombinasi antibiotik dan BPO direkomendasikan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Pada tipe kulit IV-V hiperpigmentasi pasca akne merupakan masalah yang sering dikeluhkan. Tujuan. Membandingkan efektivitas, efek samping dan kejadian hiperpigmentasi pasca inflamasi penggunaan BPO sebagai paduan terapi lini pertama AVS pada tipe kulit IV-V Fitzpatrick. Metode. Penelitian analitik dengan desaain uji klinis acak tersamar ganda membandingkan dua sisi wajah. Subyek diberikan paduan terapi lini pertama. Sisi wajah perlakuan diberikan gel BPO 2,5% sedangkan kelompok kontrol gel plasebo. Hasil. Pada minggu ke-2,4,6,8 didapatkan penurunan persentase total lesi sebesar 51,47%, 71%, 75%, 82,84% pada kelompok BPO dan 30%, 53,75%, 62,28, 71% pada kelompok plasebo (p<0,001 .) Efek samping dan kejadian HPI pada minggu ke 2,4,6 dan 8 tidak berbeda bermakna. Kesimpulan. Penggunaan BPO sebagai bagian dari paduan terapi lini pertama AVS lebih efektif, tidak meningkatkan efek samping ataupun kejadian HPI.

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Background. Global alliance recommendation for moderate acne treatment are antibiotic, retinoic acid with or without benzoyl peroxide. Drug resistance become the most common problem due to longterm use of antibiotic in acne treatment. Combination of antibiotic and BPO is recommeded to overcome this problem. In patient with skin type IV-V post acne hyperpigmentation is one of the most significant complaint.

Aim. To compare efectivity, side effect and post inflammatory hyperpigmentation of BPO 2,5% gel as a part of first line therapy regiment in patient with skin type IV-V.

Method. This is an analytic study with randomized control trial design comparing both half-face (split-face). Subjects were given first line therapy regiment. Half-face was given BPO 2,5% gel twice daily while other half face with placebo.

Result. Total lesions reduction in BPO group on week 2,4,6,8 were 51,47%, 71%, 75%, 82,84% respectively and 30%, 53,75%, 62,28, 71% in placebo group respectively.

Conclusion. BPO as a part of first line therapy regiment for moderate acne is more effective, with no increase of side effect nor post inflammatory hyperpigmentation compared to placebo."

"Latar belakang: Dermatitis seboroik adalah penyakit inflamasi kronik pada kulit yang bermanifestasi sebagai bercak kemerahan yang gatal dan bersisik di daerah kaya akan kelenjar sebasea. Sebum yang berada di kulit kepala merupakan nutrisi bagi Malassezia sp dan menjadi salah satu faktor risiko dari dermatitis seboroik. Keramas dapat membersihkan sebum dan kotoran dari kulit kepala. Setiap individu memiliki preferensi tersendiri mengenai frekuensi keramas. Tujuan: Studi ini dilakukan untuk melihat korelasi skor keparahan dermatitis seboroik dengan frekuensi keramas. Metode: Sejumlah 87 pasien dermatitis seboroik dengan metode consecutive sampling. Pasien dilakukan pemeriksaan untuk mengukur keparahan dermatitis seboroik yang diderita menggunakan diberikan kuesioner Seborrheic Dermatitis Area and Severity Index SDASI. Studi ini merupakan penelitian dengan metode potong lintang. Hasil: Median frekuensi keramas pada pasien DS adalah 3 kali seminggu 1,00-7,00 dan nilai median Skor Keparahan DS sebesar 2,25 0,25-21,00. Uji korelasi Spearman dilakukan dan didapatkan hasil tidak bermakna korelasi antara frekuensi keramas dengan skor keparahan DS P= 0,155, r= -0,154. Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat korelasi antara frekuensi keramas dengan Skor Keparahan DS.

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Background: Seborrheic dermatitis SD is chronic inflammation disease in scalp which manifested as itchy scale erythema found on area rich of sebaceous gland. Sebum produced by sebaceous gland is nutrition for Malassezia sp and one of main risk factor of sebhorreic dermatitis. Hair washing may clean sebum and dirt on scalp. Each individual has their own preference on how often one should wash their hair.

Aim: This study was conducted to see the correlation of severity of seborrheic dermatitis with frequency of shampoo.

Methods: A total of 87 sebhorrheic dermatitis patients had been selected using exclusion criteria and recruited by consecutive sampling. Those SD patients were examined to measure the degree of seborrheic dermatitis severity using Seborrheic Dermatitis Area and Severity Index SDASI questionnaire. This study was cross sectional study.

Results: Median hair washing frequency on SD patients were three times a week 1.00 7.00 and Seborrheic Dermatitis Severity Score median value at 2.25 0.25 21.00. Spearman correlation test was conducted and from the test result there were no significant correlation between hair washing frequency and SD severity score by statistic P= 0.155, r 0.154.

Conclusion: There was no correlation between frequency of hair washing with DS Severity Score."

"Latar Belakang: Akne vulgaris AV adalah peradangan kronis pilosebasea yang terutama dijumpai pada remaja dan dewasa muda. Peranan diet pada patogenesis AV terus menjadi perdebatan. Salah satu mikronutrien yang diduga berperan dalam patogenesis AV adalah vitamin A atau retinol. Tujuan: Mengetahui kadar retinol serum dan korelasinya dengan derajat keparahan AV, serta asupan vitamin A pasien AV. Metode: Studi potong lintang dengan 20 subjek penelitian SP yang direkrut secara consecutive sampling. Kadar retinol serum diukur menggunakan high performance liquid chromatography HPLC, sedangkan asupan vitamin A dinilai dengan metode food frequency questionnaire FFQ semikuantitatif. Hasil: Rerata kadar retinol serum kelompok AVR, AVS, dan AVB yaitu 0,962 SB 0,145 mol/L, 0,695 SB 0,054 mol/L, dan 0,613 SB 0,125 mol/L. Terdapat korelasi bermakna antara kadar retinol serum dengan derajat keparahan AV r = -0,798, p = 0,000. Rerata asupan vitamin A per hari pada kelompok AVR, AVS, dan AVB sebesar 476,21 SB 221,32 g, 823,71 SB 221,32 g, dan 780,99 SB 530,45 g. Simpulan: Kadar retinol serum ditemukan rendah pada kelompok AVS dan AVB. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan semakin rendah kadar retinol serum, semakin berat derajat keparahan AV. Tidak terdapat perbedaan asupan vitamin A di antara ketiga kelompok.

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Background: Acne vulgaris AV is a chronic inflammation of pilosebaceus that is primarily found in adolescents and young adults. The role of diet in the pathogenesis of AV continues to be a debate. One of micronutrients alleged in the pathogenesis of AV is vitamin A or retinol.

Objective: This study aims to know the levels of serum retinol and its correlation with the degree of severity of the AV, as well as the patient 39 s intake of vitamin A.

Method: This cross sectional study included 20 subjects divided into mild, moderate, and severe groups based on Lehman rsquo s classification. Serum retinol levels measured using high performance liquid chromatography, whereas the intake of vitamin A was assessed by semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire method.

Results: The mean serum retinol levels of mild, moderate, and severe groups were respectively 0.962 SD 0.145 mol L, 0.695 SD 0.054 mol L, and 0.613 SD 0.125 mol L. There was significant correlation between serum retinol levels with the degree of severity of the AV r 0.798, p 0.000. The mean intake of vitamin A per day of mild, moderate, and severe groups were respectively 476.21 SD 221.32 g, 823.71 SD 221.32 g, and 780.99 SD 530.45 g.

Conclusion: Levels of serum retinol found lower on the moderate and severe groups. The results has proven that the lower the levels of serum retinol, the more severe the degree of severity of the AV. There was no difference in vitamin A intake among the three groups."

"Ruam popok dapat meningkatkan ketidaknyamanan pada bayi baru lahir, bahkan bisa menjadi masalah yang serius. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui faktorfaktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian ruam popok pada bayi baru lahir dan prevalensinya, di ruang perinatologi salah satu rumah sakit rujukan di Jakarta, Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan metode survey dengan desain cross sectional restrospective study. Sampel (n=95) dipilih berdasarkan teknik consecutive sampling. Ruam popok ditentukan menggunakan instrumen DDSIS (Diaper Dermatitis Severity Intensity Score). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi ruam popok 26,3 %. Analisis multivariat regresi logistik menunjukkan dua faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian ruam popok: infeksi mikroorganisme dan lama hari rawat.

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Besides increasing infant's discomfort, diaper rash could cause other serious problems. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of infant's diaper rash and its prevalence in a perinatology ward at a recommended hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. This study used a survey method with cross-sectional retrospective design. The respondents (n=95) were chosen based on consecutive sampling. Diaper rash was identified using DDSIS (Diaper Dermatitis Severity Intensity Score). The results showed that the prevalence of diaper rash was 26.3%. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there were two risk factors related to diaper rash prevalence: microorganism infection and inpatient time."

"Kulit sebagai organ terbesar dan terluar dari tubuh manusia yang langsung berhadapan dengan lingkungan luar menjadi pertahanan fisik lini pertama sekaligus tempat kolonisasi mikrobiota komensal dalam mencegah invasi patogen. Identifikasi komposisi mikrobiota kulit menarik dilakukan untuk mengetahui interaksi antar mikrobiota sehingga mikrobiota kulit komensal yang bersifat probiotik dapat dikembangkan menjadi bahan aktif terapeutik mikrobioma kulit untuk menjaga kesehatan kulit. Keberagaman mikrobiota kulit dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah faktor etnis. Penelitian ini mempelajari pengaruh faktor etnis pada dewasa muda pria dan wanita yang mewakili etnis Papua, Jawa, dan keturunan Tionghoa terhadap profil mikrobioma kulit. DNA genomik mikrobiota dari sampel kulit wajah diekstraksi dan disekuens dengan metode Next Generation Sequencing lalu dilakukan analisis diversitas alfa dan beta. Berdasarkan analisis alfa dengan indeks OTU yang dterobservasi, Shannon, dan Faiths PD, diversitas dalam grup tertinggi terdapat pada grup etnis Papua dan terendah pada grup etnis keturunan Tionghoa, namun diversitas alfa ketiga grup tidak berbeda signifikan secara statistik. Analisis beta dilakukan berdasarkan kualitatif dan kuantitatif menunjukkan pengaruh faktor etnis pada profil mikrobioma kulit antar etnis yang signifikan secara statistik serta pengelompokkan yang baik berdasarkan hasil PCoA pada indeks Jaccard, disimilaritas Bray Curtis, Unweighted, dan Weighted. Bakteri yang bersifat komensal dan dominan selanjutnya dapat dikembangkan menjadi bacterial cocktail maupun formula postbiotik untuk terapi mikrobiota kulit dengan pertimbangan interaksi komposisi mikrobiota kulit pada etnis terkait.

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Skin as the largest and the outermost part of human body that directly exposed to the outer environment serves as the first physical barrier and colonised by commensal bacteria to prevent pathogen invasion. Identifying composition of commensal skin microbiota is interesting to know the interaction between the microbiota so the commensal skin microbiota who has probiotic effect can be developed as active substance of skin microbiome therapeutic to maintain skin health. The skin microbiome diversity is influenced by several factors, one of them is ethnicity. This study shows the influence of ethnicity factor in Papuans, Javanese, and Chinese descent young adults on skin microbiome profiles. The microbiota genomic DNA are extracted from the face skin samples and sequenced with Next Generation Sequencing method to be further analysed on its alpha and beta diversity. According to alpha diversity analysis with observed OTU, Shannon, and Faiths PD indices, the greatest alpha diversity shown in Papuans, while the smallest is shown in the Chinese descent group, but alpha diversity differences between three groups are not statistically significant. Beta diversity was assessed by the use of Jaccard index, Bray Curtis dissimilarity, Unweighted and Weighted Unifrac with PCoA shows the difference skin microbiome profiles according to ethnicity and is statistically significant between ethnic group. The characterised commensal and dominant bacteria can be further developed as bacterial cocktail and postbiotic formula as skin microbiome therapeutic with interaction between skin microbiota composition within each ethnicity taking into account."