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"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang :Karsinoma kolorektal (KKR) merupakan salah satu kanker tersering di duniadan menjadi beban kesehatan global. KKR dapat muncul melalui 4 jalur patogenenis yangberbeda, salah satu di antaranya adalah serrated pathway. Pengaktifan jalur ini mengakibatkanperubahan progresif lesi-lesi prekursor seperti polip serrated, termasuk di dalamnya sessileserrated adenoma (SSA) dan tradisional serrated adenoma (TSA), menjadi karsinoma,diantaranya adenokarsinoma serrated (AS). AS diduga memberikan prognosis yang burukterhadap pengobatan. Gambaran histomorfologi adenokarsinoma serrated lebih banyakdidasarkan pada kemiripan dengan lesi prekursor SSA atau TSA, sehingga sulit dikenali.Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui persentasi AS diantara kasus KKR di Departemen PatologiAnatomik FKUI/RSCM, dan mengetahui gambaran histomorfologi yang bermakna dalammenandakan AS.Bahan dan Metode :Dilakukan review slide dari kasus-kasus KKR yang tercatat di arsipDepartemen Patologi Anatomik FKUI/RSCM. Penilaian histomorfologi dilakukan berdasarkankriteria yang diajukan oleh Tuppurainen et al, meliputi epithelial serration, sitoplasmaeosinofilik, inti vesikuler, anak inti nyata, nekrosis, produksi musin, dan adanya cell balls. Kasusdikategotikan ke dalam ?Pasti? dan ?Samar? AS, serta ?Klasik?. Dilakukan juga penilaian faktorprognostik, berupa invasi limfovaskular, invasi perineural, infiltrasi limfosit, dan tumor budding.Hasil :Didapatkan 41 kasus (35%) tergolong kategori ?Pasti? AS, 11 kasus (9.4%) tergolong?Samar? AS, dan sisanya sebanyak 65 kasus (55.6%) tergolong kategori adenokarsinoma?Klasik?. Didapatkan pula bahwa kriteria histomorfologi yang dapat dijadikan penanda serratedadalah epithelial serration (p=0.029), anak inti nyata (p=0.041), dan nekrosis <10% (p=0.014).Selain itu, didapatkan pula bahwa faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan morfologi serratedadalah yaitu lokasi tumor (p=0.010), infiltrasi limfosit (p=0.000), dan tumor budding (p=0.012).Kesimpulan :Adenokarsinoma serrated ditemukan 35% dari kasus-kasus adenokarsinoma kolondi Departemen Patologi Anatomik FKUI/RSCM. Gambaran histomorfologi yang menandakanadenokarsinoma serrated adalah adanya epithelial serration, anak inti nyata, dan nekrosis yangsedikit.Kata Kunci :Adenokarsinoma serrated, serrated pathway, histomorfologi, karsinomakolorektal.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world andbecome a global health burden nowadays. CRC may arise through 4 different pathways, one ofwhich is serrated pathway. Activation of this pathway results in progressive changes of precursorlesions such as sessile serrated adenomas (SSA) and traditional serrated adenomas (TSA), intocarcinoma. One type of carcinomais serrated adenocarcinoma (SA), in which known to give apoor prognosis to patient. Histomorphology overview shows that SA has similarity with SSA orTSA, making it difficult to recognize. This study aims to determine the percentage of the SAamong cases of CRC in Department of Anatomical Pathology Faculty of Medicine UniversitasIndonesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, and to know histomorphological features that aremeaningful in indicating SA.Materials and Methods: CRC cases were collected from archive, and review slide wasconducted using morphological criteria proposed by Tuppurainen et al. This criteria includesepithelial serration, eosinophilic cytoplasm, vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleolei, necrosis,mucin production, and cell balls. Case were categorized into the "Definite" and "Pausy" SA, aswell as the "Classic". Assessment of prognostic factors, such as limfovascular invasion,perineural invasion, infiltration of lymphocytes and tumor budding, were also conducted.Results: There were 41 cases (35%) belong to the category of "Definite" SA, 11 cases (9.4%)classified as "Pausy? SA, and 65 cases (55.6%) belong to the category of "Classic"adenocarcinoma. Histomorphological analysis found that criteria showing significancy to SAwere epithelial serration (p = 0.029), prominent nucleolei (p = 0.041), and necrosis <10% (p =0.014). Several factors showed relation to serrated morphology were location of the tumor (p =0.010), infiltration of lymphocytes (p = 0.000), and tumor budding (p = 0.012).Conclusion: Serrated adenocarcinoma were found approximately 35% among cases of colorectaladenocarcinoma in the Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine/CiptoMangunkusumo Hospital. Histomorpoholigical features that indicates SA includesepithelial serration, prominent nucleolei, and scanty necrosis.Keywords: Serrated adenocarcinoma, serrated pathway, histomorphological features, colorectalcarcinoma"

"ABSTRAKKanker kolorektal KKR dianggap sebagai masalah kesehatan utama, salah satu jenis kanker yang paling sering terjadi serta penyebab kematian kedua terbesar di negara barat dan di Indonesia. Adenokarsinoma kolorektal serrated AKS merupakan salah satu tipe dari KKR. Salah satu jalur karsinogenesis kolorektal adalah jalur serrated yang diketahui melibatkan mutasi gen KRAS. Penanda tumor lain yang juga terlibat dalam proses karsinogenesis adalah P53 dan Bcl-2. Gambaran histomorfologik yang ditemukan oleh Tuppurainen dkk. saat ini digunakan sebagai penanda AKS. Terbatasnya sarana laboratorium patologi molekular di Indonesia, menekankan pentingnya membuat model skoring gambaran histomorfologik AKS dan atau ekspresi protein P53 serta Bcl-2 untuk memprediksi mutasi KRAS.Penelitian potong lintang terhadap 39 kasus AKS didapatkan dari Arsip Departemen Patologi Anatomik FKUI/RSCM selama tahun 2013 ndash;2015. Setiap kasus dikumpulkan data klinisnya, dan dinilai ulang karakteristik histomorfologik dan penanda tumor Bcl2 dan P53 , serta dilakukan pemeriksaan status KRAS. Penelitian histomorfologik dilakukan per kasus dan per contoh yaitu terhadap 100 kelenjar/kasus.Pada penelitian ini, kasus AKS ditemukan paling banyak pada laki-laki 51,3 , usia ge; 40 tahun 71,8 , lokasi di kolon kiri 84,6 , tidak memiliki metastasis 92,3 , status mutasi KRAS 71,8 . Ekspresi protein P53 didapatkan pada 69,2 dan protein Bcl-2 51,3 , tidak didapatkan hubungan bermakna ekspresi protein tersebut dengan status KRAS. Gambaran histomorfologik status KRAS didapatkan hubungan pada epitel serrated, lokasi inti sel, kondisi inti, sitoplasma dan musin. Odds ratio tertinggi ditemukan pada epitel serrated OR 2,7; IK 95 2,30 ndash;3,07 dan musin OR 2,0; IK 95 , 1,15 ndash;3,65 . Berdasarkan uji statistik didapatkan model nilai skoring yang terdiri dari epitel serrated, keadaan lokasi inti, kondisi inti dan adanya musin CI 95 antara 61 ndash;65 . Nilai sensitivitas dan spesifisitas berdasarkan nilai titik potong pada angka 16 sensitivitasnya sebesar 72 dan spesifisitasnya sebesar 48 .Simpulan: Didapatkan model sistem skor dengan titik potong 16 untuk memprediksi adanya mutasi KRAS berdasarkan, epitel serrated, lokasi inti sel, kondisi inti, dan adanya musin.Kata kunci: Adenokarsinoma kolorektal serrated, Bcl-2, jalur serrated, Kanker kolorektal, mutasi KRAS, P53

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ABSTRACTColorectal cancer CRC is considered as major health problem, one type of cancer that most often occurs as well as the second largest cause of death in western countries and in Indonesia. Serrated colorectal adenocarcinoma SA is one type of CRC. One of colorectal carcinogenesis pathway is serrated pathway that known to involve KRAS gene mutation. Other tumor markers that also involved in the process of its carcinogenesis were P53 and Bcl 2. Histomorphological criteria found by Tuppurainen et al currently used as marker of SA. Limited facilities of molecular pathology laboratory in Indonesia emphasize the needs of making scoring model by using histomorphological features of SA and or P53 and Bcl 2 protein expression to predict KRAS mutation.A cross sectional study conducted to 39 cases of SA registered in Departement of Anatomical Pathology FMUI Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital from 2013 ndash 2015. All clinical data related to the cases were collected. Each case was reevaluated based on Tuppurainen histomorphological criteria, tumor markers Bcl 2 and P53 , and KRAS status. Histomorphological examination is conducted per case and per instance to 100 nodes case.Present study showed that most cases of SA was found in male 51.3 , aged ge 40 years 71.8 , located in left colon 84.6 , did not have metastasis 92.3 , with KRAS mutation status 71.8 . P53 and Bcl 2 protein expressions were found in 69.2 and 51.3 respectively, with no significant association with KRAS status. Histomorphological features of KRAS status found in epithelial serration, nucleus location, nucleus condition, cytoplasm and mucin. Epithelial serration has the highest odds ratio OR 2.7 IK 95 2.30 ndash 3.07 followed by mucin OR 2.0 IK 95 , 1.15 ndash 3.65 . Statistical values showed scoring models consisted of epithelial serrations, nucleus location, nucleus condition and presence of mucin CI 95 between 61 ndash 65 . The sensitivity and specificity cut off point located on the number 16, with sensitivity value was 72 and specificity 48 .Conclusion A scoring system model yielded 16 as cut off score was obtained to predict KRAS mutations based on epithelial serrations, nucleus location, nucleus condition and presence of mucin.Keywords Bcl2, Colorectal cancer, colorectal serrated adenocarcinoma, KRAS mutation, P53, serrated pathway"

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology FNAC adalah teknik yang cepat murah dengan komplikasi yang minimal untuk mendiagnosis tumor tulang FNAC memiliki kapasitas untuk membedakan lesi jinak dan ganas Namun masih banyak kontroversi tentang penggunaan FNAC sebagai salah satu alat diagnostik tumor tulang seperti keterbatasan FNAC di sisi teknik dan cara interpretasi Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi akurasi FNAC sebagai salah satu prosedur preoperasi diagnosis tumor tulang Metode Sampel diambil dari arsip rekam medis pasien curiga tumor tulang yang diperiksa dengan FNAC dan histopatologi di Departemen Patologi Anatomi FKUI RSCM dari tahun 2011 sampai 2014 Uji diagnostik dilakukan untuk mengetahui sensitivitas spesifisitas PPV NPV dan akurasi dari FNAC Hasil Terdapat 78 pasien kasus curiga tumor tulang yang diperiksa dengan FNAC dan Histopatologi di Departemen Patologi Anatomi FKUI RSCM pada tahun 2011 ndash 2014 Empat puluh sembilan kasus dilaporkan tumor tulang ganas dengan 5 kasus diskrepansi subtipe ganas dan 20 kasus tumor tulang jinak dengan 1 kasus diskrepansi subtype jinak Selain itu terdapat 8 kasus negatif semu dan 1 kasus positif semu Secara keseluruhan hasil yang didapatkan adalah sensitivitas 86 spesifisitas 95 2 PPV 98 NPV 71 4 dan akurasi sebesar 88 5 Kesimpulan Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa FNAC memiliki kualitas yang baik untuk mendiagnosis tumor tulang dibuktikan dengan tingginya angka sensitivitas dan spesifisitas 86 dan 95 2 FNAC dapat memberikan diagnosis yang akurat jika diikuti dengan pengambilan spesimen yang baik data klinis dan radiologi yang lengkap

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ABSTRACTBackground Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology FNAC is a rapid inexpensive minimum invasive technique with less complication in diagnosing bone neoplasm FNAC is able to differentiate between neoplasm and non neoplasm cases However there are still many controversies regarding the usage of FNAC as a diagnostic approach of bone neoplasm such as the limitations of FNAC technique and interpretation This research aims to evaluate the accuracy of FNAC as one of diagnostic approach in preoperative or diagnosing bone neoplasm Method Samples were obtained from archives of medical records data of patients who clinically suspected of bone neoplasm and undergo FNAC Histopathology in Anatomical Pathology Department FKUI RSCM from 2011 to 2014 Following this the diagnostic test will be conducted in order to obtain the sensitivity specificity PPV NPV and accuracy of FNAC Results There are 78 patients of bone neoplasm were undergo Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and Histopathology examination from the archives Anatomical Pathology Department in 2011 to 2014 Forty nine cases were reported as malignant bone neoplasm with 5 discrepancy type and 20 cases were benign with 1 discrepancy type Furthermore there were 8 false negative cases and 1 false positive case The sensitivity specificity positive predictive value PPV negative predictive value NPV accuracy were 86 95 2 98 71 4 and 88 5 respectively Conclusions FNAC shows a good quality as one of diagnostic approach in bone neoplasm as can be seen in a high sensitivity and specificity 86 and 95 2 in this study FNAC of bone neoplasm might give a highly accurate diagnosis if accompanied by a high quality of technique sampling adequate specimen clinical and radiologic assistance "

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Osteosarkoma merupakan tumor tulang primer tersering. Untukmenegakkan diagnosis osteosarkoma, diagnosis tripel diperlukan. Fine NeedleAspiration Cytology (FNAC), salah satu tes patologi, sering digunakan untukmendiagnosis osteosarkoma. Dibandingkan dengan biopsi, FNAC invasif sedikit,lebih murah, dan lebih mudah untuk dilakukan. Namun masih banyak institusiyang menolak pendapat ini karena FNAC hanya memberikan gambaran sel.Beberapa mempercayai bahwa hal ini dapat menyebabkan kesalahan diagnosis.Tujuan dari peneltian ini adalah untuk menentukan akurasi FNAC dalammendiagnosis kasus osteosarkoma di Departemen Patologi Anatomi FKUI/RSCMMetode: Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah consecutivesampling. Sampel diambil dari formulir registrasi pasien yang melakukan keduates FNAC dan histopatologi dan diduga osteosarkoma dari hasil tes klinik, FNAC,dan histopatologi. Sampel berasal dari tahun 2010 sampai Mei 2015. Ujidiagnostik akan dilakukan untuk menentukan akurasi FNAC dalam diagnosisosteosarkoma.Hasil: Terdapat 47 sampel yang dianalisis. Akurasi FNAC dalammengkonfirmasi keganasan pada pasien terduga osteosarkoma diketahui sebesar91.48% dengan sensitivitas sebesar 93.18% dan spesifisitas sebesar 66.67%.Untuk diagnosis definit osteosarkoma, akurasi diagnostik sebesar 80.85%.Kesimpulan: FNAC terbukti memiliki akurasi yang baik dalam mengkonfirmasikeganasan dan mendiagnosis osteosarkoma. FNAC bisa digunakan sebagai salahsatu prosedur diagnostik sebelum operasi dalam manajemen osteosarkoma.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Osteosarcoma accounts for the most frequent primary bone tumors.In order to make definite diagnosis, triple diagnosis approach is necessary. FineNeedle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC), which is one of pathological examination,has been widely used to diagnose osteosarcoma. Compared to biopsy, FNAC isminimally invasive, cheaper, and easier to conduct. However, many institutionsare still against this idea as FNAC only provides the view of cells. Some stillbelieves that it may lead to misdiagnosis. The aim of this study is to find out theaccuracy of FNAC in diagnosing osteosarcoma cases at Department ofAnatomical Pathology FKUI/RSCM.Method: The technique used in this research is consecutive sampling. Sampleswere obtained from registration forms of patients who undergo both FNAC andhistopathology examinations and are suspected of osteosarcoma from eitherclinical, FNAC, or histopathology examination. Samples taken are from 2010until May 2015. Diagnostic test will be conducted to determine the accuracy ofFNAC on osteosarcoma diagnosis.Results: There are 47 cases assessed. The overall accuracy of FNAC onmalignancy confirmation in suspected osteosarcoma patients is revealed to be91.48% with sensitivity of 93.18% and specificity of 66.67%. For the definitiveosteosarcoma diagnosis, the diagnostic accuracy is 80.85%.Conclusions: FNAC has proven to have good accuracy in confirming malignancyand diagnosing osteosarcoma. FNA can be applied as one of pre-operativediagnostic procedure in the management of osteosarcoma"

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang : Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology FNAC adalah teknik yang cepat, murah, dengan komplikasi yang minimal untuk mendiagnosis tumor tulang. FNAC memiliki kapasitas untuk membedakan lesi jinak dan ganas. Namun FNAC memiliki keterbatasan di sisi teknik dan cara interpretasi.Tujuan : mengevaluasi akurasi FNAC sebagai salah satu prosedur preoperasi diagnosis tumor tulang. Metode : Sampel diambil dari arsip rekam medis pasien curiga tumor tulang yang diperiksa dengan FNAC dan histopatologi di Departemen Patologi Anatomi FKUI/RSCM dari tahun 2011 sampai 2014. Uji diagnostik dilakukan untuk mengetahui sensitivitas, spesifisitas, PPV, NPV, dan akurasi dari FNAC. Hasil : Terdapat 78 pasien kasus curiga tumor tulang yang diperiksa dengan FNAC dan Histopatologi di Departemen Patologi Anatomi FKUI/RSCM pada tahun 2011 ndash; 2014. Empat puluh sembilan kasus dilaporkan tumor tulang ganas dengan 5 kasus diskrepansi subtipe ganas dan 20 kasus tumor tulang jinak dengan 1 kasus diskrepansi subtype jinak. Selain itu, terdapat 8 kasus negatif semu dan 1 kasus positif semu. Secara keseluruhan, hasil yang didapatkan adalah sensitivitas 86 , spesifisitas 95.2 , PPV 98 , NPV 71.4 , dan akurasi sebesar 88.5 .Kesimpulan : Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa FNAC memiliki kualitas yang baik untuk mendiagnosis tumor tulang, dibuktikan dengan tingginya angka sensitivitas dan spesifisitas 86 dan 95.2 .

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ABSTRACTBackground Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology FNAC is a rapid, inexpensive, minimum invasive technique with less complication in diagnosing bone neoplasm. FNAC is able to differentiate between neoplasm and non neoplasm cases. However, there are limitations of FNAC technique and interpretation.Aim to evaluate the accuracy of FNAC as one of diagnostic approach in preoperative or diagnosing bone neoplasm.Method Samples were obtained from archives of medical records data of patients who clinically suspected of bone neoplasm and undergo FNAC Histopathology in Anatomical Pathology Department FKUI RSCM from 2011 to 2014. The diagnostic test will be conducted in order to obtain the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of FNAC.Results There are 78 patients of bone neoplasm were undergo Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and Histopathology examination from the archives Anatomical Pathology Department in 2011 to 2014. Forty nine cases were reported as malignant bone neoplasm with 5 discrepancy type and 20 cases were benign with 1 discrepancy type. Furthermore, there were 8 false negative cases, and 1 false positive case. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value PPV , negative predictive value NPV , accuracy were 86 . 95.2 . 98 , 71.4 , and 88.5 respectively.Conclusions FNAC shows a good quality as one of diagnostic approach in bone neoplasm as can be seen in a high sensitivity and specificity 86 and 95.2 in this study. "

"Prostate Specific Antigen PSA kerap digunakan untuk skrining adenokarsinoma prostat. Meningkatnya kadar PSA pada serum dapat digunakan sebagai pendeteksi awal terdapatnya penyakit tersebut. Namun, diketahui bahwa terdapat kondisi lain yang dapat turut mempengaruhi peningkatan PSA. Salah satunya adalah hiperplasia prostat. Keadaan ini dapat mengakibatkan rancunya informasi yang didapatkan dari pemeriksaan PSA.Tujuan: Tujuan yang hendak dicapai dari pelaksanaan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan kadar serum PSA pada kasus adenokarsinoma prostat dan hiperplasia prostat yang terdiagnosis di Departemen Patologi Anatomik, Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo. Selain itu, riset ini juga diharapkan dapat menjabarkan peran PSA sebagai marker. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode potong lintang. Data yang digunakan bersumber dari formulir permohonan yang berasal dari 53 pasien penderita adenokarsinoma prostat dan 53 pasien penderita hiperplasia prostat. Hasil: Rerata kadar serum PSA adenokarsinoma prostat adalah 309,23 ng/mL, sedangkan untuk hiperplasia prostat sebesar 15,36 ng/mL. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada kadar PSA pada kasus adenokarsinoma prostat dan hiperplasia prostat.

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Prostate Specific Antigen PSA has been widely used as screening tool for prostatic adenocarcinoma. The increased PSA level suggests this condition. However, it was later known that the level of serum PSA could also be elevated by a number of conditions. One of which is a benign condition called prostatic hyperplasia. Often, the information provided by PSA level becomes misleading.

Aims: This study was conducted to compare the level of PSA in prostatic adenocarcinoma and hyperplasia cases in Department of Anatomical Pathology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Furthermore, the purpose of this study was also to elaborate the importance of PSA as diagnostic marker.

Methods: This study was conducted with cross sectional method. The source of data was obtained from request forms belonged to 53 patients diagnosed with prostatic adenocarcinoma and the other 53 patients suffer from hyperplasia.

Results: In the end of the study, there was significant PSA level difference between in cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma and hyperplasia prostate."

"[ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Kanker kolorektal merupakan tumor ganas ketiga di dunia.Sembilan puluh lima persen kanker kolorektal merupakan adenokarsinoma yangberasal dari lesi prekursor adenoma. Dilaporkan 15%-20% kanker terkait denganinfeksi virus. Virus yang diduga berhubungan dengan kanker kolorektal adalahhuman papilloma virus (HPV) dan tipe tersering adalah 16 dan 18. Hubunganantara HPV dan kanker kolorektal masih menjadi perdebatan. Penelitian inibertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan prevalensi infeksi HPV pada adenoma danadenokarsinoma kolorektal di Departemen Patologi Anatomik FKUI/RSCMJakarta dengan menggunakan teknik polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Bahandan Metode: Pemeriksaaan DNA HPV pada 33 kasus adenoma dan 33 kasusadenokarsinoma kolorektal dengan teknik nested PCR MY/GP dan elektroforesis.Pada kasus dengan hasil HPV positif, dilanjutkan PCR menggunakan primerspesifik HPV 16 dan HPV 18. Subjek penelitian berasal dari Departemen PatologiAnatomik FKUI/RSCM. Hasil: Satu dari 33 kasus (3,0%) adenoma dan 3 dari 33kasus (9,1%) adenokarsinoma positif infeksi HPV. Satu kasus adenoma positifHPV bukan merupakan tipe 16 dan 18. Satu kasus adenokarsinoma denganpositif, HPV merupakan tipe 16, 2 kasus merupakan gabungan tipe 16 dan 18.Kesimpulan: Prevalensi infeksi HPV pada adenokarsinoma lebih tinggidibandingkan adenoma kolorektal. Tipe HPV pada kasus adenokarsinomakolorektal merupakan tipe 16 dan 18.

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ABSTRACTBackground : Colorectal cancer is the third malignant tumor in the world.Ninety-five percent of colorectal cancers are adenocarcinomas derived fromprecursor lesions adenoma. There are 15% -20% of cancers associated with viralinfections. Virus are suspected associated with colorectal cancer is the humanpapilloma virus (HPV) and the most common types are 16 and 18. Therelationship between HPV and colorectal cancer is still being debated. This studypurpose to determine the prevalence differences of HPV infection in colorectaladenomas and adenocarcinomas in the Department of Anatomic Pathology,FKUI/RSCM Jakarta by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Materialsand Methods : HPV DNA examination on 33 cases of adenoma and 33 cases ofcolorectal adenocarcinoma by nested MY/GP PCR technique and electrophoresis.In the cases with positive HPV results, continue by specific primers HPV 16 andHPV 18 PCR. The subject of the study came from the Department of AnatomicPathology, FKUI/RSCM. Result : One (3.0%) adenomas and 3 (9.1%)adenocarcinoma from 33 cases adenoma and adenocarcinoma are HPV positive.One case of HPV positive adenomas are not types 16 and 18. HPV positiveadenocarcinoma, 1 case was type 16, two cases are combination of types 16 and18. Conclusion : The HPV prevalence in adenocarcinoma was higher thancolorectal adenoma. HPV types on positive colorectal adenocarcinoma cases aretypes 16 and 18., Background : Colorectal cancer is the third malignant tumor in the world.Ninety-five percent of colorectal cancers are adenocarcinomas derived fromprecursor lesions adenoma. There are 15% -20% of cancers associated with viralinfections. Virus are suspected associated with colorectal cancer is the humanpapilloma virus (HPV) and the most common types are 16 and 18. Therelationship between HPV and colorectal cancer is still being debated. This studypurpose to determine the prevalence differences of HPV infection in colorectaladenomas and adenocarcinomas in the Department of Anatomic Pathology,FKUI/RSCM Jakarta by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Materialsand Methods : HPV DNA examination on 33 cases of adenoma and 33 cases ofcolorectal adenocarcinoma by nested MY/GP PCR technique and electrophoresis.In the cases with positive HPV results, continue by specific primers HPV 16 andHPV 18 PCR. The subject of the study came from the Department of AnatomicPathology, FKUI/RSCM. Result : One (3.0%) adenomas and 3 (9.1%)adenocarcinoma from 33 cases adenoma and adenocarcinoma are HPV positive.One case of HPV positive adenomas are not types 16 and 18. HPV positiveadenocarcinoma, 1 case was type 16, two cases are combination of types 16 and18. Conclusion : The HPV prevalence in adenocarcinoma was higher thancolorectal adenoma. HPV types on positive colorectal adenocarcinoma cases aretypes 16 and 18.]"

"Latar belakang: Adenokarsinoma prostat adalah keganasan tersering kedua yang dialami pria di Indonesia. Skor Gleason digunakan untuk mengklasifikasi tingkat diferensiasi dari tumor sedangkan menghitung kadar PSA digunakan sebagai salah satu cara untuk mendiagnosis kanker prostat.Tujuan: Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara skor Gleason dengan kadar PSA pada pasien adenokarsinoma prostat di departemen Patologi Anatomik RSCM. Metode Penelitian: Data dikumpulkan dari 77 sampel yang didapat dari form pemeriksaan hasil diagnosis pasien adenokarsinoma prostat tahun 2011 sampai 2014 di arsip Department Patologi Anatomik RSCM. Data diolah menggunakan analisis uji korelasi Kendall Tau-b di program SPSS 20.Hasil: Sebagian besar pasien datang dengan skor Gleason yang sudah tinggi skor Gleason >7. Nilai PSA terkecil yang didapat dari arsip departemen Patologi Anatomik sebesar 2,73 ng/ml, nilai tertinggi mencapai 7100 ng/ml. Nilai rata-rata PSA meningkat dengan meningkatnya skor Gleason. Rata-rata nilai PSA dari skor Gleason 6, 7, 8, 9, dan 10 adalah 46,641 ng/ml, 63,935 ng/ml, 231,762 ng/ml, 542,146 ng/ml, and 1044,348 ng/ml p = 0,003, r = 0,254. Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi yang lemah antara skor Gleason dengan nilai PSA pada pasien adenokarsinoma prostat di Department Patologi Anatomik RSCM. Nilai PSA meningkat seiring meningkatnya skor Gleason.

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Background: Prostatic adenocarcinoma is the second most frequent malignancies occur in men in Indonesia. Gleason score is used to classify the grading of the tumor and PSA is used as one of diagnostic tools for prostate cancer.

Aim: To identify the correlation between Gleason score and PSA level in patients with prostate adenocarcinoma at Department of Anatomical Pathology Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Method The data was obtained from 77 samples taken from request forms from patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma from 2011 to 2014 in the archive of Department of Anatomical Pathology and analyzed using Kendall Tau b rsquo s Rank Correlation in SPSS 20.

Result: Most patient came with high Gleason Score Gleason score 7 . The minimum PSA level obtained from the arcieve in Department of Anatomical Pathology is 2.73 ng ml and the highest value reached up to 7100 ng ml. The average PSA level increased with the Gleason score. Gleason score 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 has the average PSA level of 46.641 ng ml, 63.935 ng ml, 231.762 ng ml, 542.146 ng ml, and 1044.348 ng ml respectively p 0.003, r 0.254.

Conclusion: There is statistically weak significant correlation between Gleason score and PSA level in patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma in Department of Anatomical Pathology Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. PSA increased as the Gleason score increase."

"Latar belakang: Adenokarsinoma prostat merupakan salah satu jenis kanker yang paling banyak didiagnosis pada laki-laki di seluruh dunia, dengan mayoritas pasien berusia di antara 60 ndash; 80 tahun. Usia adalah salah satu faktor risiko yang paling berperan, dan diperkirakan mempunyai andil dalam perkembangan penyakit ini.Tujuan: Untuk menentukan korelasi antara usia dengan skor Gleason pada pasien dengan adenokarinoma prostat.Metode Data mengenai usia dan skor Gleason diperoleh dari 101 sampel yang diambil dari lembar permintaan pemeriksaan pasien dari tahun 2011 sampai 2014, di Departemen Patologi Anatomik, Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo. Analisis statistik Kendall's tau-b digunakan untuk menentukan korelasi.Hasil: Usia rata-rata pasien adenokarsinoma prostat pada penelitian ini adalah 67,87 tahun dan kebanyakan pasien memiliki skor Gleason 9 48 pasien . Pada uji korelasi antara usia dan skor Gleason pasien didapat nilai p = 0,012 dan r = -0,193. Pasien di bawah 65 tahun memiliki rata-rata skor Gleason 8,588, pasien di atas 65 tahun tahun memiliki rata-rata skor Gleason 8,239. Pada uji non parametrik Mann ndash; Whitney didapat nilai p = 0,009.Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi sangat lemah antara usia dengan skor Gleason pada pasien dengan adenokarsinoma prostat. dengan pasien muda cenderung memiliki skor Gleason yang lebih tinggi.

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Background: Prostatic adenocarcinoma is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in men worldwide, with most patients being 60 ndash 80 years old. Age is one of the significant risk factors of the disease's development and progression.

Aim: To determine the correlation between age and Gleason score in patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma.

Methods: Data in regard to age and Gleason score of patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma were obtained from 101 samples from patients'request forms in 2011 to 2014, in Department of Anatomical Pathology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Kendall's tau b statistical analysis was used to determine the correlation.

Results Mean age of patients in prostatic adenocarcinoma in this study is 67.87 years old, and most patients have Gleason score of 9 48 patients. On statistical analysis to determine correlation between age and Gleason score, we acquire p value of 0.012 and r value of 0.193. Patients below 65 years old have average Gleason score of 8.588, patients above 65 years old have average Gleason score of 8.239. On Mann ndash Whitney non parametric test, we acquire p value of 0.009.

Conclusion There was a very weak correlation between age and Gleason score in patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma with younger patients tend to have higher Gleason score."

"Latar belakang: Prevalensi penyakit refluks gastroesofageal (PRGE) cenderung mengalami peningkatan di Indonesia. Kondisi PRGE dapat menimbulkan gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada anak. Namun, untuk menentukan diagnosis PRGE masih sulit dilakukan karena gejala yang ditimbulkan tidak spesifik, alat diagnostik yang hanya tersedia di rumah sakit besar dan data epidemiologi di Indonesia masih kurang.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui gambaran patologi anatomi anak dengan PRGE yang dilakukan pemeriksaan endoskopi saluran cerna atas di Departemen IKA RSCM-FKUI, serta hubungannya dengan kelompok usia dan status gizi.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional) dengan subjek 76 pasien anak usia 2-18 tahun dengan PRGE yang dilakukan pemeriksaan esofagogastroduodenoskopi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Pengambilan data status rekam medis pasien di Departemen IKA RSCM-FKUI pada Januari 2011 hingga Oktober 2015.Hasil: Pada 76 pasien anak dengan PRGE yang dilakukan endoskopi didapatkan hasil anak lelaki dibandingkan perempuan adalah 4,1:3,5 dengan mayoritas kelompok usia sekolah (70%) dan status gizi malnutrisi (60%). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada hasil endoskopi berdasarkan kelompok usia yaitu ditemukannya infeksi H.Pylori pada 24% anak usia sekolah (p=0,013). Hasil endoskopi terkait status gizi secara bermakna (p=0,049) menunjukkan bahwa hiperemis pada lambung lebih banyak ditemukan pada pasien dengan status gizi malnutrisi (45/72 anak) dibandingkan dengan gizi baik (24/72 anak). Kelainan patologi anatomi anak dengan PRGE tidak berbeda antara kelompok usia maupun status gizi.Kesimpulan: Anak yang mengalami PRGE lebih banyak terjadi pada usia sekolah dengan status gizi malnutrisi. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada hasil endoskopi anak dengan PRGE berdasarkan kelompok usia dan status gizi. Kelainan patologi anak dengan PRGE tidak berbeda menurut kelompok usia maupun status gizi.

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Background: The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has increased recently in Indonesia. The condition of GERD can impaired growth and development in children. However, to determine diagnosis of GERD is difficult because the symptoms are non-spesific, diagnostic tools are only available in large hospitals, and epidemiological data Indonesia still less.

Aim: To evaluate the anatomical pathology of GERD in children and the correlation according to age group and nutritional status.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study comparing GERD anatomic pathology findings and its relation to age group and nutritional status. The data were evaluated from 76 subjects aged 2-to-18-years old who underwent esophagogastroduodenos-copy (EGD) that fullfiled inclusion criteria. The data based on the medical record of endoscopic procedure at Child Health Department of Cipto Mangun-kusumo Hospital – Faculty of Medicine of Universitas Indonesia (RSCM-FKUI) from January 2011 to October 2015.

Results: Among 76 children with GERD whom underwent EGD, the boy compare to girl was 4.1:3.5 and most of them (70%) were school-aged chidren with malnutrition (60%). The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 24% and it was significantly higher in school-aged group than under-five group (p=0,013). The macroscopic appearance of endoscopy in relation to nutritional status was significantly (p=0.049) more hyperemic stomach wall in malnutrition group (45/72 children) compare to that of good nutritional status group (24/72 children). The abnormality of upper gastrointestinal pathology was not statistically different (p>0.05) in both aged groups and nutritional status groups.

Conclusion: Children suffered from GERD were more often at school age and had malnutrition condition. There were significant different of endoscopic findings of children with GERD in regards to age groups and nutritional status groups. The abnormality of pathologic findings of GERD in children were not significantly different between age-groups and nutritional status groups."