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"ABSTRAKGlaukoma merupakan penyakit multifaktorial dan penyebab kematian terbesar kedua di dunia. Riskesdas 2007, menyatakan sekitar 4.6 penduduk Indonesia menderita glaukoma. Baku emas penegakkan diagnosis glaukoma menggunakan nilai rerata RNFL. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat korelasi nilai rim area dengan rerata RNFL sebagai alat diagnostik glaukoma primer sudut terbuka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi potong-lintang dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 55 subjek yang diambil dari total data rekam medis bulan februari 2015 hingga juni 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar pasien glaukoma primer sudut terbuka berusia >58 tahun 56.4 , laki-laki 61.8 , cup-disk rasio >0.7 63.6 , nilai rerata RNFL 60.76 19.86 ?m, dan nilai rim area 0.73 0.56 mm2. Hasil uji korelasi pearson antara Rim area dengan rerata RNFL didapatkan nilai r 0,734 dan nilai p< 0,05 yang menyatakan kedua variabel memiliki korelasi kuat dan secara statistik bermakna. Pengukuran menggunakan ROC curve didapatkan nilai cut-off rim area sebasar 1.049 dengan nilai sensitivitas 81.8 dan spesifisitas 95.5 . Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai Rim area memiliki korelasi dengan nilai rerata RNFL dan dapat digunakan sebagai alat diagnostik glaukoma primer sudut terbuka.

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ABSTRAKGlaucoma is a multifactorial disease and the second biggest cause of death in the world. Riskesdas 2007 report rsquo s stated around 4.6 population in Indonesia was diagnosed with glaucoma. The gold standard in diagnosing glaucoma is using the average RNFL.The purpose of this research is finding the correlation of rim area with average of RNFL as a diagnostic tools for primary open angle glaucoma. The method used in this research is a cross sectional study, the samples of which use 55 patient medical records from 2015 February until 2016 June. The result consist of the data that most of the patient with primary open angle glaucoma are older than 58 years old 56.4 , male 61.8 , cup disk ratio 0.7 63.6 , the average RNFL 60.76 19.86 m and rim area 0.73 0.56 mm2. Rim area and average RNFL are analyzed with pearson corelation test and the result of which are r value 0,734 and p value less than 0,05 which represent a strong correlation and statistically significant result. Measurement with ROC curve found that the cut off of rim area is 1.049 with 81.8 sensitivity and 95.5 specificity. As the conclution, rim area has corelation with average RNFL and can be used as a diagnostic tool for primary open angle glaucoma. "

"Glaukoma berada di peringkat kedua sebagai penyebab kebutaan di Indonesia. Penurunan lapang pandang yang ditandai dengan penurunan nilai mean deviation MD dan penipisan retinal nerve fiber layer RNFL adalah dua dari beberapa hal yang sering dikaitkan dengan glaukoma. Namun, kedua hal tersebut belum ditemukan secara jelas hubungannya satu sama lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan MD lapang pandang dengan ketebalan rerata RNFL pada pasien glaukoma primer sudut terbuka di RSCM kirana, Jakarta. Desain dari penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional dengan mengambil data dari rekam medis pasien RSCM Kirana dari Januari 2015 hingga Juni 2016 yang memiliki data hasil pemeriksaan optical coherence tomography OCT dan tes Humphrey. Terdapat 95 buah bola mata yang datanya diambil untuk sampel. Dari hasil analisa korelasi antara nilai MD lapang pandang dan ketebalan RNFL yang dilakukan pada data yang diperoleh, didapatkan nilai signifikansi.

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Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness in Indonesia. Visual field loss which is indicated by reduced mean deviation MD value and retinal nerve fiber layer RNFL depletion are two of several things frequently related to glaucoma. However, the correlation between the two variables is yet to be clearly discovered. The objective of this research is to know the correlation between visual field MD and RNFL average thickness in primary open angle glaucoma patients in RSCM kirana, Jakarta. The design which is used in this research is cross sectional by retrieving data from RSCM Kirana patients rsquo medical record from January 2015 to June 2016 which have optical coherence tomography OCT and Humphrey test results. There were 95 eyes whose data was retrieved as samples. After analyzing the correlation between visual field MD value and RNFL thickness retrieved from the samples, it was found that the significance value is"

"[ABSTRAKTujuan: Untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian suplementasi Mirtogenol terhadap perubahan ketebalan lapisan serabut saraf retina dan lapang pandang pada pasien dengan glaukoma primer sudut terbuka (GPSTa) dengan tekanan intraokular (TIO) terkontrol.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian prospektif, acak, tersamar ganda. Empat puluh satu pasien dengan GPSTa dengan TIO ≤ 18 mmHg diacak untuk mendapatkan Mirtogenol atau plasebo. Perubahan ketebalan RNFL dan MD lapang pandang diperiksa sebelum penelitian, 4 minggu serta 8 minggu setelah pemberian obat. Efek samping pengobatan ditanyakan kepada pasien selama penelitian.Hasil: Rerata ketebalan RNFL kelompok Mirtogenol mengalami penurunan sebesar -0.70±1.63 μm dari 87.29±19.39 μm di awal penelitian menjadi 86.58±19.43 μm setelah 8 minggu, namun perubahan yang terjadi tidak bermakna secara statistik (p=0.121). Rerata ketebalan RNFL kelompok plasebo mengalami penurunan sebesar -1.74±1.79 μm dari 97.14±17.19 μm di awal penelitianmenjadi 95.40±18.56 μm setelah 8 minggu, perubahan yang terjadi bermakna secara statistik (p< 0.001). Rerata MD lapang pandang kelompok Mirtogenol mengalami peningkatan 0.542±1.93 dB setelah 8 minggu sedangkan rerata MD lapang pandang kelompok plasebo mengalami penurunan sebesar -0.083±1.36 dB setelah 8 minggu. Namun perubahan rerata MD lapang pandang kedua kelompoktidak bermakna secara statistik (p>0.05). Selama penelitian tidak didapatkan adanya efek samping.Kesimpulan: Mirtogenol dapat mempertahankan ketebalan lapisan serabut saraf retina, dan MD lapang pandang pada pemberian Mirtogenol cenderung meningkat.

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ABSTRACTObjective: To evaluate the effect of Mirtogenol towards the changes in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and visual field in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) with controlled IOP.Methods: This is a prospective, double blind, randomized study. Forty one POAG patients with IOP ≤ 18 mmHg were randomly assigned to receive either Mirtogenol or placebo. Changes in RNFL thickness and mean deviation of visual fields were evaluated before the treatment, as well as 4 weeks and 8 weeks after the treatment. Patients were asked for any side effects during the treatment period.Results: The average RNFL thickness in the Mirtogenol group decreased 0.70±1.63 μm from 87.29±19.39 μm before the treatment to 86.58±19.43 μm after 8 weeks of treatment, however the change was not significant (p=0.121). The average RNFL thickness in the placebo group decreased -1.74±1.79 μm from 97.14±17.19 μm before the treatment to 95.40±18.56 μm after 8 weeks of treatment, the change was statistically significant (p< 0.001). The average MD of visual field in the Mirtogenol group increased 0.542±1.93 dB after 8 weeks oftreatment while the MD of visual field in the placebo group decreased 0.083 ± 1.36 dB after 8 weeks of treatment. Hoewever the changes in MD of visual field was not significant (p>0.05). No side effect was found throughout the study.Conclusions: Mirtogenol seemed to maintain retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and increased mean deviation of visual fields.;Objective: To evaluate the effect of Mirtogenol towards the changes in retinalnerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and visual field in patients with primary openangle glaucoma (POAG) with controlled IOP.Methods: This is a prospective, double blind, randomized study. Forty onePOAG patients with IOP ≤ 18 mmHg were randomly assigned to receive eitherMirtogenol or placebo. Changes in RNFL thickness and mean deviation of visualfields were evaluated before the treatment, as well as 4 weeks and 8 weeks afterthe treatment. Patients were asked for any side effects during the treatment period.Results: The average RNFL thickness in the Mirtogenol group decreased 0.70±1.63μmfrom87.29±19.39μmbeforethetreatmentto86.58±19.43μmafter8weeks of treatment, however the change was not significant (p=0.121). Theaverage RNFL thickness in the placebo group decreased -1.74±1.79 μm from97.14±17.19 μm before the treatment to 95.40±18.56 μm after 8 weeks oftreatment, the change was statistically significant (p< 0.001). The average MD ofvisual field in the Mirtogenol group increased 0.542±1.93 dB after 8 weeks oftreatment while the MD of visual field in the placebo group decreased 0.083±1.36dBafter8weeksoftreatment.HoeweverthechangesinMDofvisualfieldwasnotsignificant(p>0.05).Noside effectwasfound throughoutthestudy.Conclusions: Mirtogenol seemed to maintain retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and increased mean deviation of visual fields., Objective: To evaluate the effect of Mirtogenol towards the changes in retinalnerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and visual field in patients with primary openangle glaucoma (POAG) with controlled IOP.Methods: This is a prospective, double blind, randomized study. Forty onePOAG patients with IOP ≤ 18 mmHg were randomly assigned to receive eitherMirtogenol or placebo. Changes in RNFL thickness and mean deviation of visualfields were evaluated before the treatment, as well as 4 weeks and 8 weeks afterthe treatment. Patients were asked for any side effects during the treatment period.Results: The average RNFL thickness in the Mirtogenol group decreased 0.70±1.63μmfrom87.29±19.39μmbeforethetreatmentto86.58±19.43μmafter8weeks of treatment, however the change was not significant (p=0.121). Theaverage RNFL thickness in the placebo group decreased -1.74±1.79 μm from97.14±17.19 μm before the treatment to 95.40±18.56 μm after 8 weeks oftreatment, the change was statistically significant (p< 0.001). The average MD ofvisual field in the Mirtogenol group increased 0.542±1.93 dB after 8 weeks oftreatment while the MD of visual field in the placebo group decreased 0.083±1.36dBafter8weeksoftreatment.HoeweverthechangesinMDofvisualfieldwasnotsignificant(p>0.05).Noside effectwasfound throughoutthestudy.Conclusions: Mirtogenol seemed to maintain retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and increased mean deviation of visual fields.]"

"Glaukoma primer merupakan glaukoma yang paling sering muncul, dan trabekulektomi merupakan tatalaksana operatif lini pertamanya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat perbandingan bagaimana trabekulektomi menurunkan tekanan intraokular pada kedua bentuk glaukoma primer dalam jangka waktu antara 1-6 bulan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain potong lintang, yaitu dengan mengambil data sekunder dari rekam medik pasien berupa data pra-intervensi dan pasca intervensi dalam waktu yang sama. Intervensi adalah trabekulektomi. Waktu antara pasca trabekulektomi dengan trabekulektomi dilaksanakan minimal 1 bulan dan maksimal 6 bulan. Peneliti mengambil 90 pasien sebagai sampel, 38 di antaranya adalah pasien POAG dan 52 lainnya pasien PACG. Melalui trabekulektomi, penurunan tekanan intraokular pada PACG lebih besar dibandingkan pada POAG. Namun penurunan tekanan intraokular hasil trabekulektomi pada pasien POAG dibandingkan dengan pasien PACG tidak menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan. Penelitian selanjutnya membutuhkan tekanan intraokular pra-operasi yang cenderung sama untuk mengetahui hasil yang lebih objektif.

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Primary glaucoma is the most common form of glaucoma, and trabeculectomy is the first line for operative management for it. This research is intended to find out the comparison between how trabeculectomy lower intraocular pressure in both kinds of primary glaucoma patients within a short period 1 6 months . This research uses cross sectional design by taking secondary data from glaucoma patients rsquo medical record and seeing the intraocular pressure before and after trabeculectomy at the same time. The time between the post operation data and the operation is a month at minimum and six months at most. Researcher took 90 patients as samples, 38 are POAG patients and the other 52 are PACG patients. The result shows that the intraocular pressure lowering effect trabeculectomy in PACG patients is bigger than in POAG patients. The difference of intraocular pressure lowering effect by trabeculectomy among PACG patients is not significant compared to POAG patients. The upcoming research will need the same pra operation intraocular pressure patients to objectify the results more."

"Latar belakang: Glaukoma merupakan kondisi rusaknya saraf optik yang mengakibatkan penderitanya mengalami penurunan lapang pandang dan ketajaman penglihatan. Saat ini, glaukoma masih menjadi penyebab utama kebutaan ireversibel di dunia. Kondisi menurunnya kemampuan penglihatan hingga kebutaan pada pasien glaukoma berdampak dalam fungsinya dalam menjalani aktivitas sehari-hari sehingga kualitas hidup penderita dapat menurun. Glaukoma yang tidak diketahui penyebab pastinya disebut sebagai glaukoma primer, yang kemudian dibagi menjadi dua subtipe yaitu sudut terbuka dan sudut tertutup berdasarkan kondisi anatomis dan patofisiologi. Perbedaan perjalanan penyakit pada kedua subtipe glaukoma primer tersebut diyakini dapat memengaruhi kualitas hidup penderitanya secara berbeda. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membandingkan kualitas hidup antara pasien glaukoma primer sudut terbuka dengan sudut tertutup.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross-sectional. Pasien glaukoma primer sudut terbuka dan sudut tertutup yang aktif berobat di RSCM Kirana hingga Juli 2022 diundang untuk berpartisipasi. Penilaian kualitas hidup dilaksanakan dengan The 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) berbahasa Indonesia yang telah divalidasi.Hasil: Terdapat 70 subjek dari tiap kelompok. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p = 0.012) pada skor rerata kualitas hidup antar kelompok, dengan glaukoma primer sudut tertutup (72.38) lebih tinggi dibanding sudut terbuka (65.53).Kesimpulan: Pasien glaukoma primer sudut tertutup memiliki kualitas hidup yang lebih baik dibanding pasien glaukoma primer sudut terbuka.

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Introduction: Glaucoma is a condition where the optical nerves are damaged, resulting in reduced visual fields and decreased visual acuity. Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the world. Visual impairments in glaucoma cause the patients inconveniences in doing their daily activities and thus could decrease their degree of quality-of-life. Primary glaucoma is idiopathic, meaning that there is no definite cause of the disease. Primary glaucoma could be differentiated into 2 subtypes according to the anatomic and pathophysiologic conditions: open angle glaucoma and angle-closure glaucoma. The disease progression of each subtype is different and thus each subtype may affect the quality-of-life of the patients in different manners. This study is aimed to compare the quality-of-life between patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG).

Method: Cross-sectional study was conducted. The patients of POAG and PACG that were actively seeking treatment in RSCM Kirana until July 2022 are invited to participate. Quality-of-life of the patients were evaluated using the validated Bahasa Indonesia version of 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25).

Result: Each of the groups consisted of 70 subjects. This study shows significant difference (p = 0.012) of the quality-of-life scores between the groups, with PACG scored higher (72.38) than POAG (65.53).

Conclusion: PACG patients have better quality of life compared to POAG patients."

"Latar belakang. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan gambaran data dasar nilai normal pERG, ketebalan RNFL dan GCIPL pada subjek normal dan subjek dengan POAG derajat early, moderate dan severe serta menilai korelasi antara masing-masing modalitas pemeriksaan.Metode. Penelitian potong lintang yang dilakukan pada 36 mata normal dan 42 mata dengan POAG (derajat early, moderate dan severe) usia 18-60 tahun di RSCM. Semua subjek menjalani pemeriksaan oftalmologi dasar dan pemeriksaan penunjang yaitu Humphrey standard automated perimetry, OCT peripapil dan makula menggunakan CirrusTM dan pERG menggunakan MonPack One dari Metrovision.Hasil. Berdasarkan data normal didapatkan ketebalan rerata RNFL 106,3 ± 11,0 μm, ketebalan rerata GCIPL 83,3 ± 3,5 μm, waktu implisit P50 52,7ms , amplitudo P50 7,9 (3,4 – 15,6) μV, waktu implisit N95 101,3 ± 5,2 ms, amplitudo N95 10,6 (6,0 – 18,7) μV. Dibandingkan dengan kelompok POAG early didapatkan perbedaan bermakna pada ketebalan RNFL (p = 0,007), amplitudo P50 (p = 0,005) dan amplitudo N95 (p = 0,004), tanpa perbedaan bermakna pada ketebalan GCIPL, sedangkan pada kelompok moderate dan severe didapatkan perbedaan pada semua variabel (p<0,05). Korelasi positif sedang dan lemah ditemukan pada kelompok normal antara ketebalan RNFL dengan amplitudo P50 dan N95, tidak ada korelasi hasil pemeriksaan pERG dengan ketebalan GCIPL.Kesimpulan. Pattern ERG adalah pemeriksaan objektif yang dapat membedakan antara kelompok normal dengan POAG, pemeriksaan pERG pada POAG harus memperhatikan floor effect.

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Introduction. The study aims to evaluate and compare the pERG result, RNFL and GCIPL thickness in normal group to the groups with early, moderate and severe POAG and evaluate its correlation.

Methods. Cross-sectional study was done on 36 normal eyes and 42 eyes with POAG (mild, moderate and severe),subjects with age range of 18-60 years old in RSCM Kirana. Each group underwent complete basic ophthalmology examinations, Humphrey standard automated perimetry, peripapillary and macular OCT CirrusTM and MonPack One pERG from Metrovision.

Results. The data on normal group were as follow: RNFL thickness 106,3 ± 11,0 μm, GCIPL thickness 83,3 ± 3,5 μm, P50 implicit time 52,7 ms , P50 amplitude 7,9 (3,4 – 15,6) μV, N95 implicit time 101,3 ± 5,2 ms, N95 amplitude 10,6 (6,0 – 18,7) μV. Significant differences were found in RNFL thickness (p = 0,007), P50 amplitude (p = 0,005) and N95 amplitude (p = 0,004) in the early POAG group compared to the normal group, meanwhile on moderate and severe group all of the variable examination result including the GCIPL thickness were significantly different (P<0,05). Positive moderate and weak correlations were found between RNFL thickness in normal group with P50 and N95 amplitude, no correlation between pERG result with GCIPL thickness.

Conclusion. Pattern ERG is an objective tools to differentiate between normal and POAG subjects, pERG examination in POAG group especially the severe group needs to evaluate the floor effect by doing the prior OCT examination."

"Latar belakang: Glaukoma primer sudut terbuka (GPSTa) merupakan penyakit kronik dengan terapi yang bervariasi, salah satunya adalah pemberian obat tetes mata. Namun, diketahui bahwa tingkat ketidakpatuhan pasien dalam pengobatan GPSTa cukup tinggi (20–58%). Pasien yang tidak patuh pengobatan (tingkat kepatuhan pengobatan < 80%) memiliki nilai vision-related quality of life yang lebih rendah daripada peserta yang dinyatakan patuh dalam pengobatan. Frekuensi penggunaan obat merupakan salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi kepatuhan pengobatan pasien. Studi ini bertujuan untuk membahas lebih lanjut mengenai hubungan antara frekuensi pengobatan dan kualitas hidup pasien dengan glaukoma primer sudut terbuka. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional. Subjek dari penelitian ini merupakan pasien GPSTa yang berobat di RSCM Kirana hingga bulan Juli 2022. Dilakukan wawancara kepada 140 subjek yang bersedia menggunakan kuesioner the 25- Item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionare (NEI-VFQ-25) yang telah divalidasi. Hasil: Subjek dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, pasien dengan frekuensi pengobatan ≤ 2 kali perhari dan > 2 kali perhari. Tidak ditemukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara frekuensi pengobatan dan kualitas hidup pasien GPSTa (p=0,689). Kesimpulan: Frekuensi pengobatan tidak berpengaruh dalam kualitas hidup pasien glaukoma.

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Introduction Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a chronic disease with various therapies, one of which is the administration of eye drops. However, it is known that the non-adherence rate of treatment is quite high (20–58%). Patients who did not adhere to treatment (medication adherence rate <80%) had a lower vision-related quality of life than participants who were declared adherent to treatment. Frequency of drug use is one of the factors that affect patient medication adherence. This study aims to further discuss the relationship between frequency of treatment and quality of life of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Method: This study used a cross sectional study design. The subjects of this study were POAG patients who were treated at RSCM Kirana until July 2022. Interviews were conducted with 140 subjects use the 25-Item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) that has been validated. Result: Subjects were divided into two groups, patients with treatment frequency ≤ 2 times per day and > 2 times per day. There was no significant relationship between the frequency of treatment and the quality of life of primary open-angle glaucoma patients (p=0.689). Conclusion: The frequency of treatment has no effect on the quality of life of glaucoma patients."

"Latar belakang: Glaukoma merupakan penyakit yang ditandai oleh gangguan lapang pandang visual dan perubahan tertentu pada cawan optik saraf. Berdasarkan Riskesdas 2007, prevalensi glaukoma di Indonesia mencapai 4,6 per 1000 penduduk. Glaukoma sudut terbuka merupakan tipe glaukoma tersering dimana terdapat sudut yang terbuka pada ruang anterior mata, perubahan ujung nervus optikus, dan hilangnya penglihatan perifer progresif. Glaukoma dapat berujung pada kebutaan apabila tidak ditatalaksana dengan baik. Terapi utama pada glaukoma adalah pengobatan farmakologis jangka panjang yang memerlukan kepatuhan pasien seumur hidup dan hanya bertujuan untuk mencegah disabilitas lebih lanjut. Tujuan: Memberikan gambaran mengenai kepatuhan penggunaan obat pada pasien glaukoma sudut terbuka di RSCM Kirana, serta hubungannya dengan status pendidikan formal pasien dan tingkat pengetahuan glaukoma pasien. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang pada 96 subjek dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Subjek merupakan pasien glaukoma sudut terbuka di RSCM Kirana yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan tidak memiliki kriteria eksklusi yang telah ditetapkan. Kepatuhan penggunaan obat dan tingkat pengetahuan glaukoma diukur menggunakan kuesioner adaptasi Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) dan Glaucoma Treatment Compliance Assessment Tool (GTCAT).Hasil: Mayoritas subjek memiliki status pendidikan formal tinggi (56.3%), pengetahuan berkaitan glaukoma sedang (51.0%), dan kepatuhan rendah (50.0%). Uji komparatif yang dilakukan pada status pendidikan formal dan tingkat pengetahuan glaukoma terhadap kepatuhan penggunaan obat memberikan nilai p sebesar 1.000 dan 0.501.Simpulan: Status pendidikan formal dan tingkat pengetahuan glaukoma tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan (p>0.05) dengan kepatuhan penggunaan obat glaukoma sudut terbuka di RSCM Kirana.

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Introduction: Glaucoma is a disease characterized by visual field problems and certain changes in optic nerve plate. Based on Riskesdas 2007, the prevalence of glaucoma in Indonesia has reached 4.6 cases per 1000 populations. Open-angle glaucoma is the most common type of glaucoma which characterized by open angle in anterior chamber of eye, changes in optic nerve, and progressive loss of peripheral vision. Glaucoma can lead to blindness if there is no proper therapy given. The main treatment option is long-term pharmacological treatment that requires lifetime adherence and only intended to prevent further disabilities.

Objectives: Provide an overview of medication adherence level in open-angle glaucoma patients at RSCM Kirana, as well as its relationship with formal education status and patient’s knowledge regarding glaucoma.

Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study conducted on 96 subjects with consecutive sampling technique. Subjects were open-angle glaucoma patients at RSCM Kirana who met the inclusion criteria. Measurement of medication adherence level and patient’s knowledge level were carried out using questions adapted from Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) and Glaucoma Treatment Compliance Assessment Tool (GTCAT).

Results: Majority of subjects in this study had high formal education status (56.3%), moderate glaucoma-related knowledge (51.0%), and low adherence (50.0%). The p-value given from comparative test conducted on formal education status and glaucoma-related knowledge level towards medication adherence are 1.000 and 0.501, respectively.

Conclusions: Patient’s formal education status and glaucoma-related knowledge did not significantly affect (p>0.05) medication adherence in open-angle glaucoma patients."

"ABSTRAK Latar belakang Glaukoma masih merupakan salah satu penyebab kebutaan terbesar di dunia. Belakangan ini, ketebalan RFNL dan GCIPL diketahui memilikihubungan terhadap perubahan struktural yang disebabkan oleh glaukoma. Tujuan untuk mengkaji kemampuan diagnostik dari pengukuran ketebalan RFNLdan GCIPL dalam mendeteksi glaukoma pada tahap awal.Metode Enam puluh empat mata dengan sudut bilik mata sempit (32 glaukoma,32 non-glaukoma) dari 48 pasien menjalani pengukuran menggunakan CirrusOCT dengan protokol 3,4 mm pemindaian cepat RFNL peripapilar. Pengukurandilakukan pada sisi superior, inferior, nasal, temporal dari GCIPL dan RFNL,begitu juga dengan GCIPL superotemporal, superonasal, inferotemporal,inferonasal, dan minimal. Hasil Semua parameter yang diuji pada studi ini menunjukkan angka yang lebihrendah pada kelompok PACG dibandingkan kelompok PAC. Rerata ketebalanRFNL dan ketebalan GCIPL inferotemporal masing-masing memiliki nilaispesifitias dan sensitifitas yang paling baik. Parameter dengan determinan terbaikadalah ketebalan GCIPL inferotemporal dengan sensitifitas dan spesifitas masingmasing75%dan75%.KesimpulanKetebalan GCIPL dan RFNL peripapil memiliki potensi besarsebagai parameter diagnostik seperti skrining dan evaluasi respon terapi.ABSTRACT Background Glaucoma remains one of the biggest causes of blindnessworldwide. Recently, RFNL and GCIPL thickness were shown to be correlatedwith early structural changes caused by glaucoma. Objective to evaluate the diagnostic performance of RFNL and GCIPL thicknessmeasurement in detecting early glaucoma Method Sixty-four eyes with primary angle closure (32 glaucomatous, 32 nonglaucomatous)of48patients underwent peripapillar scanning using Cirrus OCTusing 3,4 mm protocol fast RNFL peripapillary thickness scan. The measurementincludes superior, inferior, nasal, temporal, mean GCIPL and RFNL, as well assuperotemporal, superonasal, inferotemporal, inferonasal, minimal GCIPL. Result All parameters studied were significantly thinner in PACG groupcompared to PAC group. Mean RFNL thickness and inferotemporal GCIPL hasthe highest specificity and sensitivity, respectively, in detecting glaucoma.Parameter with the best determinant is inferotemporal GCIPL thickness withsensitivity and specificity, 75% and 71.9%, respectively. Conclusion Peripapillary RFNL and GCIPL could be a potential diagnosticparameter in detecting early glaucoma and monitoring therapy response inglaucoma patients. ;Background Glaucoma remains one of the biggest causes of blindnessworldwide. Recently, RFNL and GCIPL thickness were shown to be correlatedwith early structural changes caused by glaucoma. Objective to evaluate the diagnostic performance of RFNL and GCIPL thicknessmeasurement in detecting early glaucoma Method Sixty-four eyes with primary angle closure (32 glaucomatous, 32 nonglaucomatous)of48patients underwent peripapillar scanning using Cirrus OCTusing 3,4 mm protocol fast RNFL peripapillary thickness scan. The measurementincludes superior, inferior, nasal, temporal, mean GCIPL and RFNL, as well assuperotemporal, superonasal, inferotemporal, inferonasal, minimal GCIPL. Result All parameters studied were significantly thinner in PACG groupcompared to PAC group. Mean RFNL thickness and inferotemporal GCIPL hasthe highest specificity and sensitivity, respectively, in detecting glaucoma.Parameter with the best determinant is inferotemporal GCIPL thickness withsensitivity and specificity, 75% and 71.9%, respectively. Conclusion Peripapillary RFNL and GCIPL could be a potential diagnosticparameter in detecting early glaucoma and monitoring therapy response inglaucoma patients. ;Background Glaucoma remains one of the biggest causes of blindnessworldwide. Recently, RFNL and GCIPL thickness were shown to be correlatedwith early structural changes caused by glaucoma. Objective to evaluate the diagnostic performance of RFNL and GCIPL thicknessmeasurement in detecting early glaucoma Method Sixty-four eyes with primary angle closure (32 glaucomatous, 32 nonglaucomatous)of48patients underwent peripapillar scanning using Cirrus OCTusing 3,4 mm protocol fast RNFL peripapillary thickness scan. The measurementincludes superior, inferior, nasal, temporal, mean GCIPL and RFNL, as well assuperotemporal, superonasal, inferotemporal, inferonasal, minimal GCIPL. Result All parameters studied were significantly thinner in PACG groupcompared to PAC group. Mean RFNL thickness and inferotemporal GCIPL hasthe highest specificity and sensitivity, respectively, in detecting glaucoma.Parameter with the best determinant is inferotemporal GCIPL thickness withsensitivity and specificity, 75% and 71.9%, respectively. Conclusion Peripapillary RFNL and GCIPL could be a potential diagnosticparameter in detecting early glaucoma and monitoring therapy response inglaucoma patients. "

"Latar belakang: Glaukoma merupakan gangguan penglihatan peringkat ketiga terbanyak di dunia, yang juga menjadi penyebab kebutaan permanen yang paling sering ditemukan. Terapi medikamentosa merupakan penanganan utama bagi pasien glaukoma primer sudut terbuka untuk mencegah perluasan defek lapang pandang yang dapat meningkatkan disabilitas pasien. Keberhasilan pengobatan bergantung kepada kepatuhan pasien terhadap rencana terapi yang telah dibuat untuknya. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian potong lintang analitik yang menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling dalam pemilihan subjek penelitiannya. Secara total, 33 subjek penelitian diwawancara melalui panggilan telepon berdasarkan kuesioner Morisky Medical Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) yang diterjemahkan ke Bahasa Indonesia untuk menentukan tingkat kepatuhannya. Jenis perubahan lapang pandang ditentukan berdasarkan perhitungan laju perubahan MD dari dua hasil pemeriksaan perimetri Humphrey mata paling baik pasien. Hubungan antara kedua variabel dianalisis menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil: Mayoritas subjek penelitian memiliki tingkat kepatuhan yang rendah (54,5%), diikuti dengan kepatuhan sedang (24,2%), lalu kepatuhan tinggi (21,2%). Median laju perubahan lapang pandang pasien adalah -0,30 (IQR=-1,48—0,87) dB/tahun. Sebanyak 19 (57,6%) pasien mengalami pemburukan lapang pandang. Lima (71,4%) pasien dengan tingkat kepatuhan tinggi mengalami perubahan lapang pandang yang bersifat stabil, sementara sembilan (50%) pasien dengan tingkat kepatuhan rendah mengalami pemburukan lapang pandang (p=0,335). Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara usia pasien dengan perubahan lapang pandangnya (p=0,719). Simpulan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemburukan lapang pandang pasien lebih sedikit ditemukan pada kelompok pasien dengan tingkat kepatuhan sedang dan tinggi, namun secara statistik tidak bermakna (p>0,05). Penelitian skala besar lanjutan perlu dilakukan untuk mengatasi keterbatasan penelitian ini.

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Background: Glaucoma is the third most prevalent visual disorder in the world, and also the most common cause of permanent blindness. Pharmacological therapy is used to prevent further visual field defect in open-angle glaucoma patients. Successful treatment is dependent on each patient’ adherence to their planned therapy regimen. Methods: This research is an analytical cross-sectional research which used consecutive sampling technique for subjects recruitment. In total, 33 research subjects were interviewed by phone using the translated Morisky Medical Adherence Scale-8 questionnaire to determine their adherence level. The classification of visual field progression was established based on the calculation of the rate of MD change between two Humphrey perimetry evaluations of the better glaucomatous eye on each patient. The association between the two variables were analysed using the chi square test. Results: The majority of the research subjects enrolled in this study showed low adherence (54,5%), followed with moderate (24,2%), then high adherence (21,2%). Median rate of MD change was -0,30 (IQR=-1,48-0,87) dB/year. As many as 19 (57,6%) patients experienced worsening visual fields. Five (71,4%) patients with high adherence had stable visual field changes, while nine (50%) patients with low adherence had worsening visual fields (p=0,335). No association was found between patients’ ages and their visual field changes (p=0,719). Conclusion: Data analysis suggests that less patients have worsening visual field when the adherence levels are moderate and high. However, it is not statistically significant (p>0,05). Further full-scale research to follow through this pilot study is recommended to be done to overcome the study’s limitations."