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"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ketebalan resin terhadap depth of cure resin komposit serat sebagai substruktur. Lima belas spesimen dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok ketebalan berbeda: 3, 4, dan 5 mm n=5 . Masing-masing spesimen disinari dengan iradiansi 800 mW/cm selama 20 detik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan depth of cure kelompok 1 adalah 81 , kelompok 2 adalah 78 dan kelompok 3 adalah 34. Nilai tersebut berbeda bermakna secara statistik melalui uji One-way ANOVA dan Post-hoc. Games-Howell. Disimpulkan bahwa ketebalan mempengaruhi depth of cure resin komposit serat sebagai substruktur.

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The aim of this study is to know the effect of resin thickness on the depth of cure of fiber reinforced resin composite as substructure. Fifteen specimens are divided into 3 different thickness groups 3, 4, and 5 mm n 5 . Each specimen was cured with irradiation of 800 mW cm for 20 seconds. The result showed the depth of cure of group 1 was 81 , group 2 78 and group 3 34. The result was significantly different using One way ANOVA and Games Howell Post hoc test. It was concluded that resin thickness has effect on the depth of cure of fiber reinforced resin composit as substructure."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh post-cure terhadap depth of cure DOC resin komposit serat dan membandingkan metode pengukuran DOC. Sembilan spesimen EverX Posterior warna A3 yang disinar dengan irradiansi 800-1000 mW/cm2 20 detik dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok: diukur setelah penyinaran dan setelah 24 jam post-cure dengan profil kekerasan Vickers; serta metode ISO 4049. DOC yang diukur setelah penyinaran dan setelah 24 jam post-cure 3,02 0,02 mm dan 3,93 0,03 mm; serta metode pengukuran ISO 4049 4,88 0,13 mm. Disimpulkan terdapat peningkatan bermakna DOC yang diukur setelah 24 jam post-cure, dan metode ISO 4049 menghasilkan DOC bermakna lebih tinggi dari profil kekerasan Vickers.

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This study aims to identify the effect of post cure towards depth of cure DOC fiber reinforced composite and compare DOC measuring methods. Nine speciments of EverX Posterior shade A3 cured with light irradiation 800 1000 mW cm2 20s divided into 3 groups measured after curing and after 24 hours post cure with Vickers microhardness profile and ISO 4049 method. DOC that measured after curing and after 24 hours post cure are 3,02 0,02 mm and 3,93 0,03 mm and with ISO 4049 method 4,88 0,13 mm. It was concluded thatDOC measured after 24 hours post cure is significantly higher than immediately after curing, and ISO 4049 method produce significantly higher DOC than Vickers microhardness profile."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ketebalan komposit resin serat pendek KRSP dan iradiansi terhadap kekerasan dan depth of cure DoC. Dua puluh empat spesimen KRSP berbentuk silinder berdiameter 6 mm dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok ketebalan; 4 dan 5 mm n=12. Masing-masing kelompok dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yang dipolimerisasi dengan iradiansi berbeda; 1000 dan 1200 mW/cm2 n=6. Setiap spesimen dipolimerisasi selama 20 detik dengan jarak penyinaran 2 mm. Nilai kekerasan didapat melalui uji kekerasan Vickers dan DoC didapat dengan mengukur rasio kekerasan permukaan bawah terhadap permukaan atas. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik One-Way ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan.

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This study aims to analyze the effect of short fibre reinforced resin composite SFRC thickness and light curing irradiance on the hardness and depth of cure DoC . Twenty four specimens of SFRC were made into cylindrical shape with a diameter of 6 mm and divided into 2 different thickness groups 4 and 5 mm n 12. Each group was divided into another 2 different groups which was cured by different irradiance 1000 and 1200 mW cm2 n 6 . Each specimen was cured for 20s with 2 mm light curing distance. The hardness was measured by Vickers hardness test and DoC was measured by calculating a hardness ratio of the bottom to the top surface of specimens. Data were analyzed statistically by One Way ANOVA tests. The result showed significant differences."

"Latar Belakang: Material restorasi yang paling berkembang pesat sampai saat ini adalah resin komposit. Resin komposit yang beredar di pasaran dan menurun klaim pabrik memiliki sifat estetika yang baik, mudah dimanipulasi, serta dapat dipakai secara universal adalah Resin Komposit Supra-Nano Palfique Universal Flow. Suatu material restorasi harus mengalami polimerisasi yang adekuat agar menghasilkan sifat fisik, kimia, mekanik, dan biologis yang optimal. Sifat kekerasan mikro dan depth of cure material dapat menjadi indikator seberapa baik polimerisasi suatu material. Pada keadaan klinis, anatomi gigi dapat menghalangi sinar untuk berada tepat di atas permukaan restorasi sehingga jarak dan durasi penyinaran memengaruhi kekerasan mikro dan depth of cure resin komposit. Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh jarak dan durasi penyinaran terhadap kekerasan mikro dan depth of cure Resin Komposit Supra-Nano Palfique Universal Flow. Metode: Tiga puluh spesimen Resin Komposit Supra-Nano Palfique Universal Flow berbentuk silinder berdiameter 6 mm dan tinggi 2 mm dipersiapkan untuk penelitian ini. Spesimen terbagi menjadi 6 kelompok berdasarkan jarak penyinaran (0,3, dan 6 mm) dan durasi penyinaran (10 dan 15 detik) yang disinari light curing unit dengan iradiansi 1050 mW/cm2. Uji kekerasan dilakukan pada permukaan atas spesimen, dan diuji juga kekerasan pada permukaan bawah spesimen untuk menghitung depth of cure (DoC). DoC dihitung dengan menggunakan metode bottom/top hardness ratio (%). Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik One-way ANOVA dan Independent Sample T-test. Hasil: Kekerasan mikro dan DoC semakin tinggi pada jarak yang semakin dekat baik pada durasi 10 maupun 15 detik. Nilai kekerasan mikro dan DoC pada durasi penyinaran 15 detik lebih tinggi dibandingkan durasi penyinaran 10 detik pada jarak yang sama secara signifikan (p<0.05). DoC > 80% hanya didapatkan pada kelompok dengan jarak penyinaran 0 mm dengan durasi penyinaran 10 dan 15 detik yaitu 81,44 ± 0,02% dan 92,64 ± 0,01% secara berurutan, serta pada kelompok dengan jarak penyinaran 3 mm dan durasi penyinaran 15 detik, yaitu 88,78 ± 0,02%. Kesimpulan: Semakin dekat jarak penyinaran dan semakin lama durasi penyinaran, maka kekerasan mikro dan DoC akan semakin tinggi.

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Background: The most rapidly developing restoration material to date is composite resin. The composite resin on the market and according to manufacturer claims has good aesthetic properties, is easy to manipulate and can be used universally is Palfique Universal Flow Supra-Nano Composite Resin. A material restoration must have an adequate polymerization to produce optimal physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological properties. The microhardness and depth of cure properties of a material can be an indicators of how well a material is polymerized. In clinical situations, anatomical teeth can prevent light from being directly above the surface of the restoration so that the distance and duration of light-curing affect the microhardness and depth of cure of the composite resin. Objective: To analyze the effect of light-curing distance and duration on the microhardness and depth of cure of Supra-Nano Palfique Universal Flow Composite Resin. Methods: Thirty specimens of Palfique Universal Flow Supra-Nano Composite Resin in a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 2 mm were prepared for this study. Specimens were divided into 6 groups based on the light-curing distance (0,3, and 6 mm) and duration (10 and 15 seconds) which were exposed to a light curing unit with an irradiance of 1050 mW/cm2. The hardness test was on the top surface of the specimen, and hardness was also tested on the bottom surface of the specimen to calculate the depth of cure (DoC). DoC was calculated using the bottom/top hardness ratio (%) method. Data was analyzed statistically by One-way ANOVA and Independent Sample T-test. Results: Microhardness and DoC were higher at closer light-curing distances for both 10 and 15 seconds. Microhardness and DoC values at a light-curing duration of 15 seconds were significantly higher than at a duration of 10 seconds at the same distance (p<0.05). DoC > 80% was only obtained in the group with a light-curing distance of 0 mm with a duration of 10 and 15 seconds, that is 81.44 ± 0.02% and 92.64 ± 0.01% respectively, and 88.78 ± 0.02% in the group with a light-curing distance of 3 mm and a duration of 15 seconds. Conclusion: The closer the light-curing distance and the longer the light-curing duration, the higher the microhardness and DoC."

"Latar Belakang: Material restorasi yang paling berkembang pesat sampai saat ini adalah resin komposit. Resin komposit yang beredar di pasaran dan menurun klaim pabrik memiliki sifat estetika yang baik, mudah dimanipulasi, serta dapat dipakai secara universal adalah Resin Komposit Supra-Nano Palfique Universal Flow. Suatu material restorasi harus mengalami polimerisasi yang adekuat agar menghasilkan sifat fisik, kimia, mekanik, dan biologis yang optimal. Sifat kekerasan mikro dan depth of cure material dapat menjadi indikator seberapa baik polimerisasi suatu material. Pada keadaan klinis, anatomi gigi dapat menghalangi sinar untuk berada tepat di atas permukaan restorasi sehingga jarak dan durasi penyinaran memengaruhi kekerasan mikro dan depth of cure resin komposit. Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh jarak dan durasi penyinaran terhadap kekerasan mikro dan depth of cure Resin Komposit Supra-Nano Palfique Universal Flow. Metode: Tiga puluh spesimen Resin Komposit Supra-Nano Palfique Universal Flow berbentuk silinder berdiameter 6 mm dan tinggi 2 mm dipersiapkan untuk penelitian ini. Spesimen terbagi menjadi 6 kelompok berdasarkan jarak penyinaran (0,3, dan 6 mm) dan durasi penyinaran (10 dan 15 detik) yang disinari light curing unit dengan iradiansi 1050 mW/cm2. Uji kekerasan dilakukan pada permukaan atas spesimen, dan diuji juga kekerasan pada permukaan bawah spesimen untuk menghitung depth of cure (DoC). DoC dihitung dengan menggunakan metode bottom/top hardness ratio (%). Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik One-way ANOVA dan Independent Sample T-test. Hasil: Kekerasan mikro dan DoC semakin tinggi pada jarak yang semakin dekat baik pada durasi 10 maupun 15 detik. Nilai kekerasan mikro dan DoC pada durasi penyinaran 15 detik lebih tinggi dibandingkan durasi penyinaran 10 detik pada jarak yang sama secara signifikan (p<0.05). DoC > 80% hanya didapatkan pada kelompok dengan jarak penyinaran 0 mm dengan durasi penyinaran 10 dan 15 detik yaitu 81,44 ± 0,02% dan 92,64 ± 0,01% secara berurutan, serta pada kelompok dengan jarak penyinaran 3 mm dan durasi penyinaran 15 detik, yaitu 88,78 ± 0,02%. Kesimpulan: Semakin dekat jarak penyinaran dan semakin lama durasi penyinaran, maka kekerasan mikro dan DoC akan semakin tinggi.

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Background: The most rapidly developing restoration material to date is composite resin. The composite resin on the market and according to manufacturer claims has good aesthetic properties, is easy to manipulate and can be used universally is Palfique Universal Flow Supra-Nano Composite Resin. A material restoration must have an adequate polymerization to produce optimal physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological properties. The microhardness and depth of cure properties of a material can be an indicators of how well a material is polymerized. In clinical situations, anatomical teeth can prevent light from being directly above the surface of the restoration so that the distance and duration of light-curing affect the microhardness and depth of cure of the composite resin. Objective: To analyze the effect of light-curing distance and duration on the microhardness and depth of cure of Supra-Nano Palfique Universal Flow Composite Resin. Methods: Thirty specimens of Palfique Universal Flow Supra-Nano Composite Resin in a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 2 mm were prepared for this study. Specimens were divided into 6 groups based on the light-curing distance (0,3, and 6 mm) and duration (10 and 15 seconds) which were exposed to a light curing unit with an irradiance of 1050 mW/cm2. The hardness test was on the top surface of the specimen, and hardness was also tested on the bottom surface of the specimen to calculate the depth of cure (DoC). DoC was calculated using the bottom/top hardness ratio (%) method. Data was analyzed statistically by One-way ANOVA and Independent Sample T-test. Results: Microhardness and DoC were higher at closer light-curing distances for both 10 and 15 seconds. Microhardness and DoC values at a light-curing duration of 15 seconds were significantly higher than at a duration of 10 seconds at the same distance (p<0.05). DoC > 80% was only obtained in the group with a light-curing distance of 0 mm with a duration of 10 and 15 seconds, that is 81.44 ± 0.02% and 92.64 ± 0.01% respectively, and 88.78 ± 0.02% in the group with a light-curing distance of 3 mm and a duration of 15 seconds. Conclusion: The closer the light-curing distance and the longer the light-curing duration, the higher the microhardness and DoC."

"Latar belakang : Resin komposit bulkfill merupakan resin terbaru yang dapat direstorasi dengan kedalaman 4-5 mm dalam sekali penyinaran. Polimerisasi dipengaruhi oleh durasi penyinaran dan besaran irradiansi lightcuring untuk mendapatkan kekerasan permukaan dan depth of cure yang optimal. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan nilai kekerasan resin komposit dan depth of cure resin komposit Tetric® N- Ceram bulk-fill yang disinari lightcure dengan durasi 5 detik, 10 detik dan 15 detik. Metode Penelitian: Dalam penelitian ini digunakan 24 spesimen resin komposit Tetric® N-Ceram bulk-fill berbentuk silinder dengan ukuran diameter 6 mm dan tebal 4 mm. Selembar mylar strip diletakkan diatas permukaan resin komposit sebelum dilakukan proses curing. Polimerisasi dilakukan menggunakan Light Curing Unit (LED DBA iLed) selama 5 detik, 10 detik dan 15 detik dengan irradiansi 1100 mW/cm2. Setelah polimerisasi, spesimen direndam dalam akuades pada suhu 37oC selama 24 jam. Spesimen dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok (n=8) yaitu; kelompok resin komposit dengan penyinaran 5 detik, penyinaran 10 detik dan penyinaran 15 detik. Spesimen diuji menggunakan HMV-G Series Micro Vickers Hardness Tester (Shimadzu, Jepang) dengan beban 100 gram selama 10 detik untuk mendapatkan nilai kekerasan. Data dianalisis dengan uji statistik Kruskall Wallis dan Post-Hoc Mann Whitney. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan kenaikan bermakna nilai kekerasan permukaan dan depth of cure pada resin komposit Tetric® N-Ceram bulk-fill. Nilai kekerasan dan depth of cure tertinggi terlihat pada resin komposit Tetric® N-Ceram bulk-fill pada kelompok penyinaran 15 detik, yaitu sebesar 41,61 ± 1,25 KHN dan 72,71 ± 1,88. Kesimpulan: Disimpulkan bahwa semakin bertambah durasi penyinaran lightcure yang disinari, semakin bertambah nilai kekerasan permukaan dan depth of cure resin komposit Tetric® N-Ceram bulk-fill.

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Background : Bulkfill composite resin is the newest resin that can be restored to a depth of 4-5 mm in one step. Polymerization is determined by the irradiation time and the amount of light curing irradiance to obtain optimal microhardness and depth of cure. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the difference in the value of the microhardness of the composite resin and the depth of cure of the Tetric® N-Ceram bulk- fill composite resin irradiated by lightcure with a duration of 5 seconds, 10 seconds and 15 seconds. Method: Twenty four specimens of Tetric® N-Ceram bulk-fill Composite Resin were used in this study. All materials were prepared into disk-shaped specimens of 6 mm in diameter and 4 mm in thickness. A piece of mylar strip was placed on the top of the specimens just before the polymerization.. Polymerization was carried out using a Light Curing Unit (LED DBA iLed) for 5 seconds, 10 seconds and 15 seconds with an irradiance of 1100 mW/cm2. After polymerization, specimens were immersed in 37 aquadest solution for 24 hours. Specimens were divided into three groups (n=8) that is; composite resin group with 5 seconds of irradiation, 10 seconds of irradiation and 15 seconds of irradiation. Specimens were tested with HMV-G Series Micro Vickers Hardness Tester (Shimadzu, Jepang) with 100 gram indentation in 10 seconds. Data were analyzed using Kruskall Wallis and Post-Hoc Mann Whitney to assess the significant differences among groups Result: The results of statistical tests showed a significant increase in the value of microharhardness and depth of cure on Tetric® N-Ceram bulk- fill composite resin. The highest microhardness and depth of cure values were seen in the Tetric® N-Ceram bulk-fill composite resin in the 15 second irradiation group, namely 41.61 ± 1.25 KHN and 72.71 ± 1.88. Conclusion: It was concluded that the longer the duration of irradiation of the irradiated lightcure, the higher the microhardness value and depth of cure of the Tetric® N-Ceram bulk-fill composite resin."

"Latar Belakang: Prosedur internal bleaching dengan hidrogen peroksida 35% dapat meninggalkan residu radikal bebas pada struktur gigi yang akan mengganggu kekuatan ikatan restorasi resin komposit. Natrium askorbat sebagai antioksidan dapat menghilangkan residu radikal bebas dan meningkatkan kekuatan ikatan geser resin komposit pada gigi.Tujuan: mengetahui kekuatan ikatan geser resin komposit pada gigi pasca internal bleaching dengan hidrogen peroksida yang diaplikasikan natrium askorbat 10% dan 35% selama 2 menit dan 10 menit Metode: Prosedur internal bleaching dilakukan pada 25 gigi premolar yang dipotong menjadi dua bagian buko-palatal, kemudian sampel dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok. Kelompok 1 tanpa aplikasi natrium askorbat, kelompok 2 aplikasi natrium askorbat 35% selama 2 menit, kelompok 3 aplikasi natrium askorbat 35% selama 10 menit, kelompok 4 aplikasi natrium askorbat 10% selama 2 menit, dan kelompok 5 aplikasi natrium askorbat 10% selama 10 menit. Semua kelompok dilakukan restorasi resin komposit kemudian dilakukan uji kekuatan ikatan geser dengan alat Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Data yang diperoleh dianalisa secara statistik dengan ANOVA satu jalur dan Uji Post Hoc Bonferroni. Hasil: Hasil uji Bonferroni menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna kekuatan ikatan geser pada kelompok 1 dan 2; kelompok 1 dan 3; kelompok 2 dan 4, dan kelompok 3 dan 5. Sedangkan antara kelompok 2 dan 3; dan kelompok 4 dan 5 tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna. Kesimpulan: Aplikasi natrium askorbat 35% selama 2 menit cukup untuk meningkatkan kekuatan ikatan geser resin komposit pada gigi pasca internal bleaching dengan hidrogen peroksida 35%.

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Background: Internal bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide will produce free radical residues within the tooth structure and disrupt the bond strength of composite resin restorations. Sodium ascorbate as an antioxidant can remove free radical residues and increase the shear bond strength of composite resins. Objective: To examine the effect of 10% and 35% sodium ascorbate application on the shear bond strength of composite resin after internal bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide. Methods: Internal bleaching procedure was performed on 25 premolars, then the samples were divided into 5 groups. Group 1 without sodium ascorbate, group 2 application of 35% sodium ascorbate for 2 minutes, group 3 application of 35% sodium ascorbate for 10 minutes, group 4 application of 10% sodium ascorbate for 2 minutes, and group 5 application of 10% sodium ascorbate for 10 minutes. All groups were restored with composite resin and tested for shear bond strength with Universal Testing Machine (UTM). The data were statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni Post Hoc Test. Results: The results showed that there were statistical differences between groups 1 and 2; groups 1 and 3; groups 2 and 4, and groups 3 and 5. Meanwhile between groups 2 and 3; and groups 4 and 5 there was no significant difference. Conclusion: Application of 35% sodium ascorbate for 2 minutes increased the shear bond strength of the composite resin after internal bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide."

"Latar belakang: LCU-LED prototipe metode PWM iradiansi 900 dan 1.000 mW/cm2 telah dibuat untuk mengurangi panas dengan lama penyinaran 10 detik.Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh iradiansi terhadap kekuatan tarik diametral komposit resin nanofil.Metodologi: Spesimen disinar dengan LCU-LED prototipe iradiansi 900 dan 1.000 mW/cm2 serta LCU pembanding (900 mW/cm2). Komposit resin nanofil ditumpat ke dalam cetakan stainless steel. Uji kekuatan tarik diametral dilakukan menggunakan Universal Testing Machine. Analisis statistik menggunakan One-way ANOVA dan LSD(α=0.05).Hasil penelitian: Kekuatan tarik diametral dari iradiansi 900,1.000 mW/cm2 dan LCU pembanding secara berurutan adalah 48,75±5,3, 49,85±7,7 dan 49,48±5,3 MPa. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada semua kelompok (p>0.05).Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat pengaruh iradiansi sinar 900 dan 1000 mW/cm2 terhadap kekuatan Tarik diametral komposit resin nanofil.

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Background: Prototype LCU-LED using PWM with irradiance 900 and 1,000mW/cm2 has constructed that can reduce temperature for polymerizing in ten seconds.

Objective: To analyze the effect of difference irradiance on diametral tensile strength of the composite resin nanofilled.

Method: Speciments were polymerized using the prototype with irradiance of 900, 1.000 mW/cm2 and commercially avaiable(900 mW/cm2) as comparison. Diametral tensile strength was determined using Universal Testing Machine. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA followed by LSD(α=0,05).

Result: Value of diametral tensile strength irradiance 900,1.000 mW/cm2 and commercial avaiable were 48.75 ± 49.85 ± 5.3 MPa and 7.7 MPa respectively. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference in groups(p>0.05).

Conclusion: There is no effect of light irradiance on the diametral tensile strength of composite resin nanofilled."

"Salah satu upaya kontrol infeksi terhadap LED-curing unit (LCU) adalah menggunakan plastik transparan (cling wrap). Untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan LCU yang dilapisi cling wrap dalam variasi jarak penyinaran terhadap kekuatan tarik diametral resin komposit, dibuatlah 60 spesimen yang disinari dengan LCU berlapis dan tanpa pelapis dalam 6 variasi jarak penyinaran (0,5-5 mm). Spesimen diuji dengan uji tekanan diametral menggunakan Universal Testing Machine. Dengan hasil uji statistik yang memperlihatkan perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) antara kelompok yang disinari dengan LCU berlapis dan tanpa pelapis, disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan LCU yang dilapisi cling wrap memberikan pengaruh pada kekuatan tarik diametral resin komposit.

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One of infection control method for LED-curing unit (LCU) is by using transparent plastic barrier (cling wrap). To evaluate the influence of using plasticwrapped LCU in curing distance variances to diametral tensile strength of composite resin, 60 disc-shaped specimens are formed and cured by using plasticwrapped and unwrapped LCU in 6 groups of curing distance (0.5-5 mm). The diametral compression test is done by using Universal Testing Machine. The result of statistical analysis showed the significant difference between the groups cured by plastic-wrapped and unwrapped LCU. Then, the use of plastic-wrapped LCU influences the diametral tensile strength of composite resin."

"Latar belakang: Resin komposit bulkfill memiliki tampilan warna yang sewarna gigi dan estetik. Meningkatnya konsumsi minuman seperti red wine, teh, kopi dan coca-cola saat ini dapat menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan warna pada bulkfill. Perubahan warna restorasi merupakan hal penting yang sering dikeluhkan pasien, karena berkaitan dengan estetika. Tujuan: Mengurai pengaruh konsumsi minuman redwine, teh, kopi, dan coca-cola terhadap perubahan warna resin komposit bulkfill. Tinjauan Pustaka: Red wine mengandung flavonoid yaitu tanin dan anthocyanin, serta alkohol yang menyebabkan peningkatan efek degradasi dari permukaan resin komposit, sehingga menyebabkan absorpsi dari pigmen. Teh dan kopi mengandung mengandung Flavonoid hanya tanin yang menyebaban terjadinya diskolorasi. Coca-cola mengandung karamel yang dapat menyebabkan diskolorasi, meskipun tidak sebanyak red wine, kopi dan teh, Karena tidak mengandung flavonoid. Kesimpulan: Red wine memiliki nilai perubahan warna tertinggi pada bulkfill diikuti oleh teh, kopi, dan coca-cola.

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Background: Bulkfill composite resin has a tooth-colored and aesthetic appearance. The increasing comsumption of beverages such as red wine, tea, coffee, coca-cola can cause discoloration in bulkfill. Restoration discoloration is an important thing that patients often coplain, because it relates to aesthetics. Purpose: Analyzing the effect of consumption of red wine, tea, coffee, and coca-cola on bulkfill composite resin discoloration. Theories: Red wine contains flavonoids; tannins and anthocyanins, and alcohol which cause a increase degradation effect on the surface of the composite resin, thereby causing absorption of pigments. Tea and coffee contain flavonoids only tannins that cause discoloration. Coca-cola contains caramel which can cause discoloration, although not as much as res wine, coffee, and tea, because does not contain flavonoids. Conclusion: Red wine has the highest discoloration value in bulkfill, followed by tea, coffee, and coca-cola."