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"Perkembangan pesat yang terjadi di daerah sekitar perkotaan mengakibatkan kebutuhan terhadap tanah semakin meningkat. Kebutuhan tanah bagi industri dan berbagai kegiatan ekonomi bersaing dengan kebutuhan tanah bagi perumahan yang terus meningkat.Sejak pertengahan tahun 1980-an, pemerintah mengimbau pengusaha swasta untuk melakukan pengembangan kawasan perumahan skala besar secara terpadu dalam rangka mengantisipasi lonjaknya kebutuhan rumah di perkotaan. Himbauan pemerintah ini, awalnya tidak didukung oleh juklak yuridis yang mengatur penguasaan lahan dalam skala besar. Sejumlah pengusaha dengan caranya masing-niasing membawa proposal pengembangan kota baru pada Pemda Tingkat I dan Tingkat II serta ikut terjun melakukan penguasaan lahan dalam skala besar. Maka, lahirlah belasan proyek kota baru di kawasan Jabotabek dengan proyeksi penguasaan lahan mencapai puluhan ribu hektar."

"Pertanahan adalah masalah vital, landasan fisik kehidupan manusia, dari dulu hingga sekarang, dan sampai masa mendatang. Seiring dengan proses perkembangan masyarakat, maka terjadi transformasi struktural dalam perekonomian yaitu dari sektor pertanian mengarah kepada sektor industri (industrialisasi) yang tentunya membawa perubahan dalam komposisi kebutuhan tanah dari tanah pertanian beralih ke tanah industri dan pemukiman. Industrialisasi telah pula membawa perubahan besar dalam pola permukiman manusia; dari yang menyebar atau terpusat kecil-kecil mengikuti penyebaran pertanian berubah menjadi yang memusat dalam kota-kota, dari kota kecil hingga kota besar, dikenal dengan gejala urbanisasi. Dan secara bersama-sama akan terbentuk suatu sistem kota yang memiliki hirarki, di mana pusat-pusat kegiatan besar berada dalam kota metropolitan (Dj. A. Simarmata: 1997)."

"AbstractThis paper attempts to examine the impact of rising fossil fuel prices on the increasing impact on the demand of alternative fuels (biofuels), and its impact on food availability in Indonesia. An econometric model using simultaneous equations is employed. An increase in world crude oil price for 0,192 percent caused the price of real Indonesian palm oil export raised by 10,64 percent. Consequently, a larger biodiesel production is needed to meet their crease of world's consumer demand for biodiesel. Also, with the increase in real export price of Indonesian palm oil, it will encourage palm oil producers to push their export volume. Indonesian palm oil exporter expected to increase by 6,37 percent to finally push the domestic CPO price increase for 1,85 percent. Rising domestic oil prices are causing oil demand in the palm oil industry to decline by 0,49 percent and in the end resulting in the decline of palm oil production by 1,56 percent."

"Traffic accident ranks the ninth largest of the cause of death in Indonesia. The most of researches studying Indonesia on traffic accidents were only blaming on human, motor vehicles, and environment as main culprits, not incorporating economic factors into the models. This study aims to analyze the impact of real gasoline prices on trac accident in Indonesia and the factors of influence them. This research employs time series data from 1970 to 2013 with OLS analysis world crude oil prices as instrument variable. The estimator results show that real price of gasoline and the policy of usage of motorcycle light insignificant on traffic accident. Meanwhile, real GDP and asphalt roads significantly decrease the traffic accident. However, motorcycles significantly increase the traffic accident.

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Kecelakaan lalu lintas menempati urutan kesembilan penyebab kematian di Indonesia. Kebanyakan penelitian kecelakaan di Indoneia menitikberatkan pada faktor manusia, kendaraan, dan lingkungan, tetapi belum ada yang memasukkan faktor-faktor ekonomi ke dalam modelnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah ingin mengetahui pengaruh harga riil bensin terhadap kecelakaan lalu lintas di Indonesia serta faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan data time series Indonesia dari tahun 1970 hingga 2013 dan menggunakan OLS dengan variabel instrumen harga minyak mentah dunia. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa harga riil bensin dan kebijakan penggunaan lampu utama sepeda motor tidak signifikan terhadap kecelakaan lalu lintas. Sedangkan PDB riil dan jalan aspal signifikan berpengaruh menurunkan kecelakaan. Namun, sepeda motor berdampak signifikan meningkatkan kecelakaan lalu lintas."

"ABSTRACTTujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji pengaruh masing masing resiko terhadap return saham serta melihat model keseimbangan yang mempunyai standard error yang lebih kecil. Jenis penelitian ini adalah verifikatif yaitu dengan melakukan hipotesis melalui pengolahan data dan pengujian secara statistik. DAta peenelitian diperoleh dari data sekunder diambil dar Bursa Efek Indonesia. dari hasil penelitian, diperoleh hasil bahwa variabel risiko pasar dan premi kurs berpengaruh secara signifikan dan sesuai dengan hipotesis, sedangkan variabel SMB, HML dan premi inflasi bukan determinan return saham. Hasil pengujian lain dengan menggunakan Mean Average Deviation membuktikan bahwa model keseimbangan CAPM mempunyai tingkat standard error ynagng lebih kecil daripada aAPT, namun dengan uji beda rata-rata menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak signifikan. penelitian ini memberikan masukan kepada investor bahwa faktor yang perlu diperhatikan sebelum melakukan investasi saham adalah memperhatiakn faktor resiko pasar dan premi kurs. sedangkan bagi perusahaan agar tetap nejaga stabilitas pendapatan untuk dapat menjaga kepercayaan investor, karena faktoe pSMB dan HML kurang diperhatikan dalam pengambilan investasi."

"The impacts of exchange rate to an economy both domestically and internationally are an interesting discussion. One of the examples for discussion is exchange rate pass-through (ERPT). ERPT is defined as the rate of change of prices (domestic, imported or exported) as a result of change in exchange rate. Consumer price index (CPI) is one of the most frequent indicators used for measuring domestic price. This paper analyzes the impacts of exchange rate change (ERPT) to seven group of CPI in Indonesia. The Cholesky Decomposition is employed to identify structural shock of Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) which then combined with Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) for 48 time series units. The result shows that for the entire period there is an incomplete pass-through for the seven group of CPI. The largest effect occurs in the transportation and communication sector and food and beverages sector in which 35 percent of their changes in CPI are affected by change in exchange rate."

"Studi ini hendak menganalisa dampak dan kebijakan harga energi Indonesia terhadap perekonomian kota Jakarta; khususnya terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga miskin. Studi ini juga berusaha memformulasikan kebijakan regional yang penting bagi Jakarta untuk menurunkan dampak negative dan kebijakan energi nasional ini terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga miskin. Untuk mencapai tujuan ini, dibangun sebuah model CGE (computable general equilibrium) regional. Model ini merupakan model CGE pertama di Indonesia yang dikembangkan untuk sebuah kota."

"The limited number of auction agents of tuna fish and the lack of infrastructure in auction center trigger the occurrence of third parties in marketing system. The collusion on price among agents occurs in auction center, especially in harvest season. The asymmetric information of the price between agent to consumer has occurred for a long time in West Sumatra and even in various regions in Indonesia. The challenges are how to develop fisheries and minimize poverty which occur on fisherman. The aim of this research was to analyze the asymmetry of price of tuna fish at agents, sub-agents and retailers coming from three auction centers toward four regional markets in West Sumatra. Methodology used in this research was Boyd and Brorsen?s theory by using data on daily price of tuna fish. The result of this study reveals that asymmetry of price was found at auction centre in West Sumatra. This result indicated that the increasing of price at sub-agents was not followed with the increasing of price at agents. However, the increasing of price at sub-agents was directly followed with the increasing of price at retailers."

"AbstractIndonesia has implemented a new policy of regional autonomy and fiscal decentralization for almost ten years. One of the objectives of this fiscal decentralization is to give the full autonomy to local governments in spending and managing their revenues. The local governments have the authority to explore and collect their own-source revenue ('Pendapatan Asli Daerah', or PAD), i.e. through the improvement of their tax effort. The objectives of this study are: (i) to describe the fiscal performance of districts and municipalities in Indonesia, both in the revenue as well as the expenditure sides, (ii) to analyze the effects of intergovernmental transfers (?dana perimbangan', or balancing fund from the central to regional governments) on regional tax efforts, and (iii) to identify the regional economic growth elasticity of intergovernmental transfers and own-source revenue. This study employs a panel data set of 336 districts and municipalities covering the whole area of Indonesia over the time period of 2001-2008. The results show a relatively low contribution of PAD to regional revenues, indicating high fiscal dependency of regional governments on the central government. Intergovernmental transfers positively effect tax efforts. The result of the elasticity analysis also indicates a positive role of the transfers as stimuli to economic growth."

"AbstractIndonesia has implemented a new policy of regional autonomy and fiscal decentralization for almost ten years. One of the objectives of this fiscal decentralization is to give the full autonomy to local governments in spending and managing their revenues. The local governments have the authority to explore and collect their own-source revenue ('Pendapatan Asli Daerah', or PAD), i.e. through the improvement of their tax effort. The objectives of this study are: (i) to describe the fiscal performance of districts and municipalities in Indonesia, both in the revenue as well as the expenditure sides, (ii) to analyze the effects of intergovernmental transfers (?dana perimbangan', or balancing fund from the central to regional governments) on regional tax efforts, and (iii) to identify the regional economic growth elasticity of intergovernmental transfers and own-source revenue. This study employs a panel data set of 336 districts and municipalities covering the whole area of Indonesia over the time period of 2001-2008. The results show a relatively low contribution of PAD to regional revenues, indicating high fiscal dependency of regional governments on the central government. Intergovernmental transfers positively effect tax efforts. The result of the elasticity analysis also indicates a positive role of the transfers as stimuli to economic growth."