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"ABSTRAKPenelitian mengenai hubungan inulin dan fruktooligosakarida FOS terhadap kadar gula darah masih terbatas dan hasilnya kontradiktif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang untuk menilai hubungan antara asupan serat total, inulin, dan FOS dengan kadar Hemoglobin A1cpada wanita Suku Minangkabau dan Sunda. Dilakukan penilaian asupan terhadap 298 wanita menggunakan semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi linier ganda. Median serat, inulin, dan FOS lebih tinggibermakna pada wanita Sunda dibandingkan Minangkabau.Median kadar HbA1ctidak berbeda bermakna antara kedua suku. Setelah dilakukan penyesuaian terhadap faktor pengganggu, asupan serat ?=-0,011, p=0,211 , inulin ?=-0,019, p=0,733 , dan FOS ?=-0,092, p=0,357 tidak berhubungan dengan kadar HbA1cpada wanita Suku Minangkabau dan wanita Sunda.

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ABSTRACTInulin and Fructooligosaccharide FOS are recently known to have effect on lowering blood glucose, but this finding was still multivocal. A cross sectional study was conducted to assess the relationship between dietary fiber, inulin, and FOS intake with hemoglobin A1c HbA1c level in Minangkabau and Sundanese women. A total of 298 women were selected. Fiber, inulin and FOS intake was assessed using semi quantitative food frequency questionaire. Data was analyzed using multiple linear regression. Median of dietary fiber, inulin, and FOS are signfificantly higher in Sundanese than in Minangkabau women. Median of HbA1c level was not stastically different between two ethnics. After adjustment with potential confouders, there was no relationship between total dietary fiber 0,011, p 0,211 , inulin 0,019, p 0,733 , dan FOS 0,092, p 0,357 intake with HbA1c level in Minangkabau and Sundanese women. "

"ABSTRAKPola asupan tidak sehat telah menjadi salah satu penyebab meningkatnya prevalensi penyakit tidak menular. Penelitian sebelumnya menyatakan quercetin berperan sebagai antioksidan dengan membentuk radikal yang lebih stabil, namun penelitian tersebut terbatas pada suplemen dan bahan makanan tertentu, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan melihat hubungan asupan quercetin dalam masakan terhadap kadar malondialdehida wanita suku Minangkabau dan Sunda. Penelitian dengan rancangan potong lintang dilakukan terhadap wanita berusia 19-50 tahun di Kabupaten Tanah Datar, Pariaman serta Tasikmalaya. Asupan quercetin wanita suku Minangkabau 14,4 11,6-18,5 mg/hari tidak berbeda dengan wanita suku Sunda 11,7 6,5-25,8 mg/hari. Kadar MDA wanita suku Minangkabau lebih rendah secara bermakna dibandingkan dengan suku Sunda dengan p

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ABSTRACTUnhealthy dietary pattern have become one of non communicable disease risk factor. Some previous study show that quercetin acts as antioxidant by forming more stable radical. However, quercetin research was limited in supplement form and specific source of food, therefore in this study we investigated relationship of quercetin on daily intake to malondialdehyde level of Minangkabau and Sundanese women. This is a cross sectional study to reproductive women aged 19 50 years old in Tanah Datar, Pariaman and Tasikmalaya. There is no significance difference of quercetin intake between Minangkabau 14,4 11,6 18,5 mg day and Sundanese women 11,7 6,5 25,8 mg day. This research find that MDA level of Minangkabau women was significantly lower than Sundanese p"

"ABSTRAKFruktooligosakarida (FOS) dan inulin memberikan pengaruh yang bervariasi terhadap bifidobakteri antar individu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara asupan serat, FOS, dan inulin terhadap bifidobakteri. Pemeriksaan bifidobakteri pada feses anak usia 3-8 tahun di Jakarta dilakukan dengan quantitative PCR. Asupan gizi diperoleh dari wawancara menggunakan semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Total bifidobakteri adalah 5.94 log10 DNA/gram feses. Analisis regresi linier berganda tidak menunjukkan adanya hubungan (P>0.05) antara inulin (95% CI = -0.015 ? 0.045) dan FOS (95% CI = -0.097 ? 0.158) dengan bifidobakteri; begitupun dengan serat. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah konsumsi FOS, inulin, dan serat tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna dengan jumlah bifidobakteri pada anak usia pra-sekolah di Jakarta.

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ABSTRACTFructooligosaccharides (FOS) and inulin in promoting bifidobacteria showed variability between individuals. The aim was to assess the associations between fibre, FOS, and inulin intakes and bifidobacteria. Faecal bifidobacteria was determined using quantitative PCR among children aged 3 ? 8 years in Jakarta. Nutrient intakes were based on interview using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Total bifidobacteria was 5.94 log10 DNA/gram faeces. Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated inulin (95% CI = -0.015 ? 0.045) and FOS (95% CI = -0.097 ? 0.158) showed no association (P>0.05) with bifidobacteria; as well as fibre. In summary, FOS, inulin, and fibre consumptions showed no significant association with bifidobacteria among preschool children in Jakarta."

"ABSTRAKPola asupan makanan berlemak pada suku Minangkabau dan Sunda berbeda. Makanan berlemak berisiko meningkatkan penyakit tidak menular. Penelitian studi potong lintang ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan medium chainsaturated fatty acid MC-SAFA dan long chain saturated fatty acid LC-SAFA terhadap kadar malondialdehida MDA plasma pada wanita19 ndash;50 tahun suku Minangkabau dan Sunda.Pengumpulan data asupan makanan dengan 2x24 hours food recall dan metode spekrofotometri untuk kadar MDA plasma. MC-SAFA pada suku Minangkabau 17,6 8,8 ndash;35,6 g/hari lebih tinggi bermakna dibandingkan Sunda 12,6 9,7 ndash;17,8 g/hari p=0,010 . LC-SAFA suku Minangkabau 13,2 10,0 ndash;17,3 g/hari lebih tinggi bermakna dibandingkan Sunda 10,1 7,1 ndash;14,0 g/hari p

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ABSTRACTThe pattern of fatty food intake in Minangkabau and Sundanese is different. Fatty foods increase the risk of non communicable diseases. This cross sectional study was aimed to deterrmine the relationship between medium chain saturated fatty acid MC SAFA and long chain saturated fatty acid LC SAFA to mmalondialdehyde MDA levels in 19 50 years old women of Minangkabau and Sundanese. Data collection of food intake using 2x24 hours food recall and spectrophotometric method for MDA levels. MC SAFA in Minangkabau was 17.6 8.8 35.6 g day, significantly higher than Sundanese, which was 12.6 9.7 17.8 g day p 0.010 . LC SAFA of the Minangkabau was 13.2 10.0 17.3 g day, significantly higher than Sundanese, which was 10.1 7.1 14.0 g day p "

"ABSTRAKBifidobacterium, mikrobiota yang bermanfaat terhadap kesehatan, jumlahnya dipengaruhi oleh diet, genetik, dan usia. Makanan khas Minangkabau dan Sunda yang mengandung tinggi lemak, dan Healthy Eating Index HEI yang berhubungan kuat dengan asupan asam lemak jenuh dapat digunakan untuk mengukur kualitas diet. Penelitian potong lintang pada wanita 19-50 tahun dilakukan untuk menilai hubungan HEI dan asupan asam lemak jenuh dengan jumlah Bifidobacterium usus pada wanita keturunan Minangkabau dan Sunda. Data asupan diperoleh menggunakan 2-day repeated 24-hour food recall, pemeriksaan jumlah Bifidobacterium menggunakan real time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara HEI dengan jumlah Bifidobacterium, namun cenderung terdapat hubungan antara asupan asam lemak jenuh dengan jumlah Bifidobacterium pada wanita keturunan Minangkabau dan Sunda setelah dikontrol dengan faktor pengganggu.

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ABSTRACTBifidobacterium, the beneficial microbiota on human health, is influenced by various factors such as dietary intake. Minangkabau and Sundanese food are contain of high fat, and Healthy Eating Index HEI that is strongly associated with saturated fatty acid intake can be used to measure the quality of diet. A cross sectional study of women aged 19 50 years was conducted to assess the relationship between HEI and saturated fatty acids intake with intestinal Bifidobacterium in Minangkabau and Sundanese women. Dietary intake was assessed by 2 day repeated 24 hour food recall and Bifidobacterium was quantified using real time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction. There was no significant relationship between HEI with intestinal Bifidobacterium, but saturated fatty acids intake tend to have association with intestinal Bifidobacterium in Minangkabau and Sundanese women after adjustment for confounding factors."

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Carborxymethyl lysine dalam makanan (dCML), CML plasma (pCML), dan tumor necrosis alpha plasma (pTNF-α) mungkin dapat memengaruhi obesitas. Namun database kandungan CML makanan di Indonesia dan penelitian tentang pengaruh asupan CML terhadap obesitas pada wanita Asia belum pernah dilaporkan sebelumnya.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan database CML makanan Indonesia dan menilai efek mediator dCML, pCML, dan pTNF-α terhadap lingkar pinggang (WC), rasio lingkar pinggang terhadap tinggi badan (WHtR), dan indeks masa tubuh (IMT).

Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan terhadap 235 wanita sehat berusia 19-50 tahun, yang bertempat tinggal di daerah pesisir pantai dan pegunungan di Sumatra Barat dan Jawa Barat. Database CML dibuat berdasarkan estimasi dari database CML yang telah dipublikasi dan pemeriksaan secara langsung pada makanan yang diambil dari kedua provinsi tersebut, dengan menggunakan metode liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Asupan CML, pCML, dan pTNF-α didapatkan berturut-turut dari 2x24 jam recalls, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Perbedaan di antara kelompok dianalisis dengan menggunakan Chi-square atau t-test tidak berpasangan, efek mediator dianalisis dengan structural equation modelling, dan untuk perilaku makan dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dan observasi.

Terdapat 161 dari 252 jenis makanan dalam database CML yang telah diidentifikasi kandungan CMLnya secara langsung. Kelompok daging dan kacang-kacangan memiliki nilai rerata kandungan CML tertinggi pertama dan kedua. Geometric means ± SD dari dCML, pCML, dan pTNF-α berturut-turut sebesar 1.7±0.8 mgCML/hari, 22.3±7.9 ng/mL, dan 0.68 ± 0.38 IU/mL. Asupan CML berhubungan langsung dan positif terhadap pCML (β= 0.99 [95%CI: 0.53, 1.78]) demikian pula pCML terhadap pTNF-α (β= 0.12 [95%CI: 0.28, 0.49]). Plasma CML dan pTNF-α berhubungan secara langsung dan positif terhadap WC (β= 0.21 [95%CI: 0.08, 0.33] dengan β= 0.23 [95%CI: 0.11, 0.35]) dan juga terhadap WHtR (β= 0.18 [95%CI: 0.06, 0.31] dengan β= 0.23 [95%CI: 0.11, 0.35]). Pada wawancara mendalam didapatkan bahwa kelompok suku Sunda lebih banyak mengosumsi makanan yang diproses seperti ikan peda goreng, ikan asin goreng dan bakso dibandingkan kelompok suku Minangkabau.

Simpulan: Asupan CML, pCML, dan pTNF-α tampaknya lebih berperan sebagai mediator terhadap WC dan WHtR, dibandingkan terhadap BMI. Pembatasan asupan CML diperlukan untuk menurunkan risiko obesitas sentral pada populasi ini.

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Carborxymethyl lysine in foods (dCML), plasma CML (pCML), and plasma tumor necrosis alpha (pTNF-α) may have an influence on obesity. However, there have been no reports on databases of CML content in Indonesian foods and on studies of the influence of CML intake on obesity in Asian women.

This study aims to develop a database of CML content in Minangkabau and Sundanese foods and to evaluate the mediator effects of dCML, pCML, and pTNF-α on waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WHtR), and body mass index (BMI).

A cross-sectional study was conducted in 235 healthy women aged 19-50 years, who resided in coastal and mountainous areas of West Sumatra and West Java. The CML database was developed based on an estimate from published database and direct measurement of foods obtained from these two provinces, using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The dCML, pCML, and pTNF-α concentrations were obtained from 2x24 hour recalls, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Between-group differences were analyzed by chi-square test or unpaired t-test, the mediator effects by structural equation modelling, and eating behavior by in-depth interviews and observations.

There were 161 of 252 food items of which the CML content was determined. The group of meats and the group of legumes had the highest and second highest mean CML content, respectively. The Geometric means ± SD of dCML, pCML, and pTNF-α were 1.7±0.8 mgCML/day, 22.3±7.9 ng/mL, and 0.68 ± 0.38 IU/mL, respectively. There was a direct positive association between dCML and pCML (β= 0.99 [95%CI: 0.53, 1.78]) and between pCML and pTNF-α (β= 0.12 [95%CI: 0.28, 0.49]). Plasma CML and pTNF-α were directly and positively associated with WC (β= 0.21 [95%CI: 0.08, 0.33] and β= 0.23 [95%CI: 0.11, 0.35]) and WHtR (β= 0.18 [95%CI: 0.06, 0.31] and β= 0.23 [95%CI: 0.11, 0.35]). In eating behavior, it was seen that the Sundanese women consumed more CML from processed foods such as fried fermented fish (ikan peda goreng), fried salted fish (ikan asin goreng) and meatballs (bakso) than Minangkabau women.

Conclusion: Dietary CML, pCML, and pTNF-α apparently had a greater role as mediators in the path from ethnicity to WC and WHtR, than in the path from ethnicity to BMI. Limitation of CML intake is necessary to reduce the risk of central obesity in this population

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"Proporsi hipertensi terus meningkat dan konsumsi kopi juga dapat berperan dalam peningkatan risiko hipertensi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti hubungan antara konsumsi kopi dan kejadian hipertensi pada wanita usia subur (WUS). Penelitian ini dilakukan di HNRC IMERI FKUI September 2022-Juni 2023 dengan menggunakan data dari payung penelitian FKUI-SEAMEO RECFON (peneliti utama Prof. Rina Agustina). Penelitian ini adalah studi potong lintang pada WUS suku Minangkabau dan Sunda berusia 19-50 tahun pada bulan September 2015-Oktober 2016. Konsumsi kopi dibagi menjadi dua kelompok (konsumsi dan tidak konsumsi). Tiga kategori hipertensi, yaitu hipertensi sistolik dan diastolik (≥140/90mmHg), hipertensi sistolik (≥140mmHg), dan hipertensi diastolik (≥90mmHg). Analisis data deskriptif statistik dan regresi logistik menggunakan SPSS versi 20.0, dengan mempertimbangkan faktor pengganggu (suku, usia, status merokok, aktivitas fisik, pekerjaan, dan riwayat pendidikan) di dalam model regresi, dengan tingkat signifikansi α=0,05 dan interval kepercayaan 95%. Dari data WUS suku Minangkabau dan Sunda, median usia responden adalah 37 tahun, sebagian besar bekerja (65,8%), memiliki riwayat pendidikan rendah (61,4%), kebiasaan merokok rendah (4,44%) dan aktivitas fisik bervariasi, dominan pada kategori sedang (49,44%). Konsumsi kopi berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko hipertensi sistolik dan diastolik pada WUS secara keseluruhan (p=0,035, OR=1,683). Konsumsi kopi berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko hipertensi secara keseluruhan.

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The prevalence of hypertension is continually increasing, and coffee consumption may also play a role in elevating the risk of hypertension. This research aims to examine the relationship between coffee consumption and the incidence of hypertension in women of childbearing age (WCA). The study was conducted at HNRC IMERI FKUI from September 2022 to June 2023, utilizing data from the main research of FKUI-SEAMEO RECFON (led by primary researcher Prof. Rina Agustina). This study is a cross-sectional study on WCA of Minangkabau and Sundanese ethnicities aged 19-50 years, spanning from September 2015 to October 2016. Coffee consumption was divided into two groups (consumers and non-consumers). Three categories of hypertension were considered: systolic and diastolic hypertension (≥140/90mmHg), systolic hypertension (≥140mmHg), and diastolic hypertension (≥90mmHg). Descriptive statistical data analysis and logistic regression were performed using SPSS version 20.0, considering confounding factors (ethnicity, age, smoking status, physical activity, occupation, and educational history) in the regression model, with a significance level of α=0.05 and a 95% confidence interval. From the data of Minangkabau and Sundanese WCA, the median age of respondents was 37 years, with the majority employed (65.8%), having a low educational background (61.4%), low smoking habits (4.44%), and varied physical activity, predominantly in the moderate category (49.44%). Coffee consumption was associated with an increased risk of both systolic and diastolic hypertension in WCA overall (p=0.035, OR=1.683). Coffee consumption was related to an overall increased risk of hypertension. "

"Latar belakang. Kemajuan terapi reperfusi pada pasien infark miokard akut menimbulkan satu fenomena yang turut berperan dalam prognosis pasien, yaitu fenomena no reflow atau obstruksi mikrovaskular. Mekanisme OMV diduga memiliki 4 komponen patogenik utama yaitu embolisasi distal aterotrombotik, cedera reperfusi, cedera iskemia, dan kerentanan individu. Hiperglikemia akut diketahui berhubungan dengan OMV pada pasien IMA, namun peran hiperglikemia kronik masih kontroversial. Hiperglikemia berperan dalam komponen kerentanan individu, serta mempengaruhi peningkatan faktor inflamasi yang berperan dalam komponen cedera reperfusi. Kedua faktor ini yaitu hiperglikemia kronik yang digambarkan HbA1C dan inflamasi yang digambarkan hsCRP belum pernah diteliti secara bersamaan dalam menilai OMV dengan satu metode. Penelitian ini akan meneliti hubungan antara HbA1C dan hsCRP dengan OMV yang dinilai menggunakan indeks resistensi mikrovaskular, suatu metode terbaru dalam menilai OMV dengan akurat pada fase awal dan memiliki nilai prognostik yang signifikan. Metode. Sebanyak 55 pasien IMA-EST yang menjalani IKPP dipilih secara konsekutif sejak Januari-Juni 2014. HbA1C dan hsCRP diambil saat masuk UGD, penilaian IMR diambil segera setelah tindakan IKPP. Perhitungan statistik menggunakan SPSS 17. Hasil. Dari 55 pasien didapatkan proporsi laki-laki sebesar 93%, dengan rerata umur 51,91 ± 8,87 tahun. Faktor resiko penyakit jantung koroner terbanyak adalah merokok yaitu 69%. Semua pasien menjalani tindakan IKPP dengan waktu iskemia 489,45±169,95 menit dan waktu perfusi 124,91±76,49 menit. Nilai rerata IRM 53,22±41,11 dengan nilai rerata HbA1C 6,46±1,22 %, dan rerata hsCRP 4,98±3,39 mg/dL. Dari analisis bivariat didapatkan HbA1C tidak berhubungan dengan IRM (r=0,22,p=0,10), dan hsCRP juga tidak berhubungan dengan IRM (r=0,24,p=0,08). Setelah disesuaikan dengan variabel perancu pada analisis multivariat, didapatkan hubungan signifikan antara HbA1C dengan IRM (p=0,03) namun hsCRP tidak berhubungan dengan IRM (p=0,31). Kesimpulan. Kadar HbA1C saat admisi berhubungan dengan IRM pada pasien IMA-EST yang menjalani IKPP dan hsCRP saat admisi tidak berhubungan dengan IRM pasien IMA-EST yang menjalani IKPP.

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Background: Advances in reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction led to a phenomenon of distal no reflow or myocardial obstruction (MVO), which associated with worse outcome and prognosis. The potential mechanism of MVO had four major pathogenic components: distal atherotrombotic embolization, reperfusion injury, ischemic injury, and individual susceptibility. Association between acute hyperglycemia and MVO in acute myocardial infarction has been found, but the role of chronic hyperglycemia remained controversial. Hyperglycemia affected individual susceptibility to microcirculatory injury, and also induced systemic inflammation which had a role in reperfusion injury. Association of both these factors--chronic hyperglycemia, determined by Hemoglobin A1C, and inflammation factor, measured by high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein-- with MVO had never been studied simultaneously. This cross-sectional study will determine the association between HbA1C and hsCRP with MVO assessed with index of microvascular resistance, an invasive novel method to assess MVO in acute phase and had significant prognostic factor.

Methods: 55 patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention were taken consecutively from January to June 2014. Blood samples for HbA1C and hsCRP were taken before the procedure. IMR was taken immediately after the primary percutaneous coronary intervention procedure. Statistical calculation used SPSS 17.

Results: From 55 patients included in the study, there were 93% men, with mean age of 51.91 ± 8.87 years. The most common risk factors for coronary heart disease was smoking (69%). All patients underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention with mean onset to balloon time was 489.45 ± 169.95 minutes and mean door to balloon time was 124.91 ± 76.49 minutes. Mean IMR was 53.22 ± 41.11, with mean HbA1c was 6.46 ± 1.22% and mean hsCRP was 4.98 ± 3.39 mg/dL . From bivariate analysis, there was no association between HbA1C and IMR (r=0,22, p = 0,10), and between hsCRP and IMR (r = 0,24 , p=0,08). In multivariate analysis , there was relationship between HbA1C with IRM ( p = 0,03) and hsCRP were also not associated with IRM ( p = 0,31 ).

Conclusions. There was association between hemoglobin A1C levels on admission with IMR and no association between hsCRP levels on admission with IMR, in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention."

"Latar belakang. Penatalaksanaan komprehensif remaja diabetes melitus tipe-1 (DM tipe-1) meliputi terapi insulin, pengaturan nutrisi, aktivitas fisis, pemantauan gula darah, dan edukasi. Aktivitas fisis memengaruhi tingkat kebugaran fisis, melalui optimalisasi fungsi sistem kardiorespirasi, peningkatan kekuatan dan daya tahan otot, peningkatan sensitivitas insulin, perbaikan kadar hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), serta peningkatan kualitas hidup remaja DM tipe-1. Hingga saat ini belum tersedia data mengenai hubungan aktivitas dan kebugaran fisis dengan HbA1c pada remaja DM tipe-1 di Indonesia.Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan kebugaran fisis dengan hemoglobin A1c pada remaja DM tipe-1.Metode Studi potong lintang dilakukan pada 68 remaja DM tipe-1 di Rumah Sakit dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) dan pengisian kuesioner aktivitas fisis dan uji kebugaran EUROFIT fitness test battery yang dilakukan bersama divisi Kedokteran Olahraga.Hasil. Sebanyak 55,9% remaja memiliki aktivitas fisis sedang. Persentase kadar lemak optimal didapatkan 73,5% dan massa otot yang baik pada 75% anak. Jenis tes hasil buruk yaitu pada sit and reach test (92,6%), hand dynamometer test (82,3%), standing broad jump (54,4%), bent arm hang test (73,5%), sit-up test (91,2%), dan shuttle run (100%). Jenis tes dengan hasil mayoritas baik yaitu plate tapping test (50%), flamingo balance test (89,6%) dan 6-minute run test (50%). Kadar HbA1c >7% memiliki hubungan dengan standing broad jump buruk (p=0,017). Tingkat aktivitas fisis yang kurang pada remaja DM tipe-1 berhubungan dengan performa uji kebugaran fisis yang kurang, yaitu persentase lemak (p=0,002), massa otot (p=0,002), standing broad jump test (p=0,009), bent arm hang test (p=<0,001), dan 6-minute run test (p=<0,001).Kesimpulan. Mayoritas remaja DM tipe-1 memiliki aktivitas fisis sedang. Tidak ada hubungan kebugaran fisis dengan HbA1c pada remaja DM tipe-1. Tingkat aktivitas fisis yang kurang pada remaja DM tipe-1 berhubungan dengan performa uji kebugaran fisis yang kurang.

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Background. The comprehensive management of adolescents with type-1 diabetes mellitus (type-1 DM) consisted of insulin therapy, nutritional management, physical activity, blood sugar monitoring, and education. Physical activity affects the level of physical fitness, which can optimize the function of the cardiorespiratory function, increase muscle strength and endurance, and insulin sensitivity, reduce hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and improve the quality of life. Until recently, data of the activity level and physical fitness profile in adolescents with type-1 DM has not yet available in Indonesia.

Objectives. To evaluate relationship of activity level and physical fitness with hemoglobin A1c in type-1 DM in adolescents.

Methods. This is a cross-sectional study of 68 adolescents with type-1 DM at RSCM. Study subjects were asked to fill the physical activity questionnaire and the EUROFIT fitness test battery. This study is a collaboration with the Sports Medicine Division of University of Indonesia.

Results. Physical activity with moderate results based on the questionnaire is 55.9%. The average HbA1c was 9% (7,5-11.15). The percentage of good fat results obtained was 73,5% and good results of muscle mass were as much as 75%. The majority of results were poor on the sit and reach test (92.6%), hand dynamometer (82.3%), standing broad jump (54.4%), bent arm hangs test (73.5%), sit-ups test (91.2%), and shuttle run (100%). Good results on the flamingo balance test (89.6%) and 6-minute run test (50%), and plate tapping test (50%). HbA1c levels >7% are associated with poor level of standing broad jump (p=0.017). The physical activity were poor in adolescents is associated with poor physical fitness test performance, the percentage of fat (p=0.002), muscle mass (p=0.002), standing broad jump test (p=0.009), bent arm hang test (p=<0.001), and 6-minutes run test (p=<0.001).

Conclusion. Most adolescents with type-1 DM have moderate physical. There is no relationship between physical fitness and HbA1c in type-1 diabetes in adolescents. The physical activity were poor in adolescents is associated with poor physical fitness test performance."

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 Leptin berfungsi untuk menjaga keseimbangan energi untuk mencegah penambahan berat badan dalam menurunkan risiko resistensi leptin. Peningkatan leptin dipengaruhi oleh jumlah simpanan lemak dan perubahan akut dari asupan makanan. Asupan energi mempengaruhi sekresi leptin untuk menjaga keseimbangan energi. Healthy eating index (HEI) tinggi diartikan kualitas diet yang baik mencegah penyimpanan lemak dan peningkatan berat badan. Kami bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara HEI dan asupan energi total dengan kadar leptin pada orang dewasa perkotaan Jakarta. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah metode konsekutif dan diperoleh 110 subjek yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Pengambilan data melalui 3 kali 24 jam food recall, pengukuran antropometri dan pengambilan serum darah. Asupan energi total rata-rata 1894 ± 482 kkal. Hasil skor HEI 36,5 (31,7-41,2). Hasil kadar leptin 15,7 (7,6-26,1) ng/ml. Hubungan signifikan negatif antara asupan energi total dengan kadar leptin (β -0,8, p=0,008) sebelum disesuaikan dengan usia, jenis kelamin dan IMT. Hubungan antara HEI dengan kadar leptin tidak didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan.

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The function of leptin is to maintain energy balance to prevent weight gain and reduce the risk of leptin resistance. High leptin is influenced by the amount of fat stores and acute changes in food intake. Energy intake affects leptin secretion to maintain energy balance. A high healthy eating index (HEI) means a good quality diet prevents fat storage and weight gain. We aimed to determine the relationship between HEI and total energy intake with leptin levels in Jakarta urban adults. The sampling technique was the concecutive method and obtained 110 subjects who met the research criteria. Data were collected through 3 times 24 hours of food recall, anthropometric measurements and taking blood serum. Average total energy intake was 1894 ± 482 kcal. HEI score 36.5 (31.7-41.2). The results of leptin levels were 15.7 (7.6-26.1) ng/ml. There was a significant negative relationship between total energy intake and leptin levels (β -0.8, p=0.008) before adjusting for age, sex and BMI. There was no significant relationship between HEI and leptin levels."