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"ABSTRACTRepresentasi laki-laki gay di Jepang dalam media masa pertama kali dimulai pada saat terjadi gay boom pada tahun 1990-an. Dua puluh tahun setelah gay boom, representasi laki-laki gay di Jepang tetap ada dalam media massa Jepang, salah satu contohnya drama Gisou no Fuufu yang salah satu tokoh utamanya merupakan seorang laki-laki gay. Menggunakan konsep wacana Foucault dan konsep universalizing view dan minoritizing view Sedgewick, tulisan ini akan membahas wacana homoseksualitas yang merupakan minoritas yang disandingkan dengan wacana heteroseksualitas yang merupakan mayoritas dalam drama tersebut. Wacana homoseksualitas dalam drama tersebut dianggap ldquo;kalah rdquo; jika disandingkan dengan wacana heteroseksualitas

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ABSTRACTRepresentation of Japanese gay men in the media began when gay boom occurred in the 1990s. Twenty years after the gay boom, the representation of gay men in Japan still persists in Japanese mass media. Japanese television drama Gisou no Fuufu is one of the example because one of the main characters from that drama is a gay man. Using Foucault 39 s concept of discourse and Sedgewick rsquo s universalizing view and minoritizing view, this paper will discuss the discourse of homosexuality coupled with the discourse of heterosexuality in the drama. The discourse of homosexuality in the drama somehow cannot ldquo win rdquo againts the discourse of heterosexuality."

"ABSTRAKMeneliti kesusastraan Jepang, terutama membaca dan mengkaji karya sastranya merupakan hal yang sangat sulit, tetapi menarik dan menyenangkan. Berdasarkan anjuran pembimbing skripsi, penulis memilih salah satu drama rakyat karya Kinoshita yaitu Yuuzuru

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"Skripsi ini membahas tentang wacana homoseksualitas yang terdapat pada film Freier Fall 2013 yang berkaitan dengan konsep heteroseksualitas dan maskulinitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif berdasarkan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya konsep heteroseksualitas sebagai konsep yang benar menimbulkan pembagian peran di masyarakat. Konsep pembagian peran ini membentuk perilaku seseorang dalam memainkan peranannya yang sesuai di masyarakat. Hal tersebut menyebabkan homoseksualitas yang berada di luar konsep heteroseksualitas dan maskulinitas dianggap sebagai sesuatu yang salah. Film ini memperlihatkan bagaimana stereotip-stereotip negatif tentang kaum gay terus dipertahankan terutama pada lingkungan yang didefinisikan sebagai zona lingkungan laki-laki maskulin seperti kepolisian. Hal tersebut menyebabkan timbulnya homofobia dan diskriminasi terhadap kaum gay.

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This thesis discusses the discourses of homosexuality in the film Freier Fall (2013) in relation with the concept of heterosexuality and masculinity. This research used descriptive analysis based from literature studies. The results from this study showed that the concept of heterosexuality as the right concept creates the division of roles in society. This division of roles shapes the person?s behavior in order to play his appropriated role in society. This causes homosexuality, that lie beyond the concept of heterosexuality and masculinity viewed as something wrong. The film displayed how the negative stereotypes about gays have been maintained especially in environments that identified as masculine male?s zone like law enforcement. These stereotypes created the causes of homophobia and lead to discrimination against gays."

"Since the sexual revolution began in Europe, the sexual discourse i.e. homosexuality, lesbianism, bisexuality and transexuality could be a scientific discourse and many scholars start doing research this area. The development of sexual revolution is also bring up the movement of homosexual revolution communities.

This thesis describes and analyzes the Same Sex Marriage Policy in the Netherlands, Belgium and Spain from the international perspective. The Netherlands is one of the European states which is having a free and liberal sexual tradition because the government could accommodate the sexual attitude into non-bias gender policy. The legalization of homosexuality in the Netherlands took by the French through "French Napoleonic Code at 1811. The code explained that the liberation and marriage of homosexuality is guarantee by policy. This Code is follow by the Dutch government and they make a non-bias gender policy such as Same Sex Marriage Policy and also Prostitution Policy. From the democracy theory, it is visible that the Netherlands have a "Sexual Social Democracy" because they give the tolerance for another aspiration, expression, the difference and human rights.

The liberal democration in the Netherlands, it should be like a pioneer for the other European countries. After Dutch government legalizes the Same Sex Marriage Policy in 2001, Belgium is also legalizing it in 2003. One of the European countries which is surprised all over the world is Spain. Spain is the country in the Mediterranean bay which has a strong Catholic tradition, but the Spanish government could accommodate the homosexual communities with the Same Sex Marriage Policy in 2005. From this point of view, the Netherlands it should be use a "latent" ideology to marketization their liberal democration. This pattern is one of the contemporary powers at the global era which is named Soft Power. This power is like a psychological power because they use values, morals and cultures as a dominant power. The method is to promote the attractive values and cultures, not with the repression but with the persuasion and argumentation.

The method of this research is descriptive. After describing the whole problems then we analyze it from the cases. In the mean time, the data's research technique of this thesis is from books, scientific journals, newspapers, the documents and internet.

In brief, this thesis analyzes the Same Sex Marriage Policy in the Netherlands, Belgium and Spain, complete with the international debates regarding this policy. On chapter 4 and 5, the researcher make a differentiation between homosexual communities in Europe and Indonesia, and this differentiation will be a challenge to advocate them to achieve their rights as a human being."

"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas mengenai wacana homoseksualitas di dalam film All YouNeed is Love - Meine Schwiegertochter ist ein Mann dalam kaitannya dengankonsep heteroseksualitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptifdan studi kepustakaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa wacanahomoseksualitas yang terepresentasi di dalam film dapat hadir karena masyarakatyang masih berpegang pada norma heteroseksual sebagai pedoman hidupsehingga mereka menganggap pilihan untuk menjadi homoseksual adalah halyang abnormal dan keberadaan kelompok minoritas tersebut menjadi marjinal.Film ini mengkritik masyarakat yang intoleran tersebut dan menawarkanperspektif humanis dalam menyikapi isu homoseksual.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis discusses the discourse about homosexuality in the film All You Need

is Love - Meine ist ein Mann Schwiegertochter in relation to the concept of

heterosexuality. This research used descriptive analysis and literature study. The

results of this study stated that present discourse encompassing homosexuality

that represented in the film because people who still hold to the heteronormativity

as a way of life so that they consider the choice to be homosexual is abnormal and

the existence of homosexuality is marginalized. The film is criticizes an intolerant

society and offer a more humanistic perspective in addressing the issue of

homosexuality."

"ABSTRAKHomoseksualitas menjadi salah satu tema yang banyak diangkat dalam perfilman Prancis. Salah satu film Prancis yang mengangkat tema homoseksualitas adalah La Belle Saison yang disutradarai oleh Catherine Corsini. Artikel ini membahas tentang benturan nilai-nilai konservatif dan nilai-nilai nonkonservatif di Prancis pada tahun 70-an terhadap isu homoseksualitas. Penggunaan metode kajian sinema dari Boggs dan Petrie diterapkan untuk memaparkan struktur naratif film yang mencakup elemen alur, penokohan, dan latar ruang-waktu. Konsep konflik dari Lewis A. Coser dan Thorsten Sellin digunakan untuk memperlihatkan bahwa benturan budaya yang terjadi dapat menentukan sikap dan pandangan seseorang. Hasil analisis memperlihatkan bahwa benturan yang terjadi akibat dari adanya dua budaya yang saling bertentangan belum dapat diselesaikan. Salah satu cara untuk menghindari konflik benturan tersebut adalah avoiding. Avoiding yang ditampilkan dalam film ini adalah salah satu pihak yang berkonflik lebih baik mundur dari wilayah yang menolak eksistensi homoseksualitas.

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Homosexuality has become one of the themes that have appeared in many French films. One of the French films that raised the theme of homosexuality is La Belle Saison, a film directed by Catherine Corsini. This article discusses the clash of conservative values and non-conservative values in France in the 70s on the issue of homosexuality. Using the cinema study method of Boggs and Petrie, the analysis begins by describing the narrative structure of the film which includes elements such as, plot, characterization, also setting of space and time. By using the concept of conflict of Lewis A. Coser and Thorsten Sellin, it shows that the cultural clash that occurs can determine a persons attitudes and views. The results of the analysis showed that the clash that occurred as a result of the existence of two conflicting cultures could not be resolved. One way to avoid conflict from these conflicts is compromise. The compromise presented in this film is that one of the conflicting parties is better off from the region which rejects the existence of homosexuality"

"Representation of homosexuality constructed by heterosexuality through various discourses has placed homosexuals as the other and the outsider in social life. Heterosexuality (as the dominant) constructs homosexuality (as the subordinate) based on their sexual behavior that is considered abnormal, immoral and not human. Therefore, they belong to no sexual category in heterosexual society.

The above mentioned situation has moved homosexuals to make resistance by constructing alternative homosexuality representation in any field, including literature. Through literature, homosexuals in the United States of America struggle for their identity in any discourses in 1980s in articles in newspapers, journals published by gay or anti gay organizations. And later representation of homosexuality constructed by heterosexuality was internalized by three plays: As Is, Safe Sex and The Way We Live Now but then deconstructed by Angels in America.

Just as the other plays in 1980s, As Is, Safe Sex and The Way We Live Now arise empathy and sympathy of the readers or the audience since they show the suffering of homosexuals having AIDS disease and representation of homosexuality as the Other, the Sinner and the Polluting person. Whereas Angels in America which was written in the same decade as the three mentioned plays, differ in presenting life, attitude, and courage of homosexuals towards Queer Culture era, an era that was begun in 1990 when homosexuals wanted to show homosexuality as a sexual identity.

Angels in America tries to make a new representation of homosexuality by using religion and AIDS, as also used by heterosexuality, as a political means to deconstruct and show homosexuality as a sexual identity, a third sexual category, as the honored man and Savior.

Homosexuality in Angels in America is regarded as sexual identity, just like male or female. It is not considered as a dirty and dangerous sexual behavior even one of the characters, a homosexual with AIDS, is elected as a prophet after having sexual intercourse with an angel. Instead of polluting the social life with their sexual behavior, homosexuality, and AIDS, has an important role as a prophet to bring human being towards a better life.

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Representasi homoseksualitas yang dibuat oleh heteroseksualitas melalui berbagai bentuk wacana menempatkan mereka pada tempat tersisih dan di luar kehidupan masyarakat. Heteroseksualitas (sebagai pihak yang menguasai) membuat konstruksi homoseksualitas (yang dikuasai) berdasarkan perilaku seksual yang tidak umum, tidak normal, berdosa, dan tidak masuk aka!. Oleh karena itu, mereka menempatkan homoseksual pada tempat tersisih dan tidak dapat digolongkan pada kategori seksual yang dibuat oleh masyarakat.Keadaan tersebut telah mendorong para homoseksual untuk membuat resistensi dengan membuat representasi homoseksualitas tandingan, misalnya lewat bidang sastra. ltulah yang diperjuangkan oleh para homoseksual di Amerika Serikat. Perjuangan mereka muncul dalam wacana-wacana pada tahun 1980-an dalam artikel di surat kabar, di jurnal baik yang dikeluarkan oleh organisasi gay atau anti gay dan kemudian diinternalisasi oleh tiga drama pendek As 1s, Safe Sex, dan The Way We Live Now dan dibongkar oleh Angels in America.Seperti drama-drama gay pada umumnya pada waktu itu, As 1s, Safe Sex dan The Way We Live Now menimbulkan empati dan simpati pembaca atau penontonnya karena menampilkan representasi homoseksual sebagai Yang Lain, Yang Berdosa dan yang Mencemari seperti yang dibuat oleh heteroseksualitas. Sedangkan drama Angels in America yang berada pada dekade yang sama dengan ketiga drama di atas, mempunyai perbedaan dalam menampilkan kehidupan, sikap, dan kemauan para homoseksual yang lebih berani menuju era Queer Culture, suatu era yang dimulai tahun 1990 ketika para homoseksual menampilkan homoseksualitas sebagai identitas seksual.Sama seperti heteroseksualitas yang menggunakan agama dan AIDS sebagai alat politik untuk membuat representasi homoseksualitas, Angels in America membuat representasi homoseksualitas yang baru yaitu sebagai identitas seksual, Yang mulia dan Penyelamat.Homoseksualitas dalam Angels in America dipandang sebagai identitas seksual, sama seperti laki-laki atau perempuan dan tidak dipandang kotor bahkan diangkat menjadi nabi. Oleh karena itu, tidak mencemari kehidupan masyarakat dengan perilaku seksual dan AIDS, yang identik dengan homoseksual, tetapi menyelamatkan kehidupan manusia dengan menyadarkan mereka untuk segera bertindak untuk kehidupan yang lebih baik."

"Since the sexual revolution began in Europe,the sexual discourse i.e.homosexuality, lesbianism, bisexuality and transexuality could be a scientific discourse and many scholars start doing research this area. The development of sexual revolution is also bring up the movement of homosexual revolution communities.Thia thesis describe and analize the same sex marriage policy in the Netherlands,Belgium and Spain from the interational perspective..The Netherlands is one of the European states which is having a free and liberal sexual tradition because the government could accomodate the sexual attitude into non-bias gender policy.The legalization of homosexuality in the Netherlands took by the French through "French Napoleonic code 1811. The code explained that the liberation and marriage of homosexuality itsguarantee by policy.This code is follow by the Dutch government and they make a non-bias gendewr policy such as same sex marriage policy and also Prostitution policy.From the democracyn theory ,it is visible that the Netherlands have a sexual social democracy because they give the tolerance for the another aspiration,expression,the difference and human right. The liberal democration in the Netherlands,it should be like a pioner for the other Europen countries.After dutch government legalize the same sex marriage policy in 2001, belgium is also legalize it in 2003.One of the European countries which is surprised all over the world is Spain.Spain is the country in the Mediterranian bay which have a strong catholic tradition,but the Spanish government could accoudate the homosexual communities with the same sex marriage policy in 2005"