Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"ABSTRAK Produksi dan pemanfaatan hasil penelitian, untuk menjadi bukti dan dasar kebijakan kesehatan, merupakan komponen penting penguatan sistem penelitian kesehatan dan sistem kesehatan nasional. Rekomendasi stakeholder pun telah dijadikan indikator kinerja Kementerian Kesehatan di bidang litbang meski beberapa riset berskala nasional seperti Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas), telah berhasil mendukung kebijakan kesehatan, namun pemanfaatan hasil penelitian sebagai dasar penyusunan kebijakan kesehatan, khususnya dalam pencegahan stunting, masih belum dapat diidentifikasi. Padahal stunting ini telah menjadi isu kebijakan kesehatan sebagaimana diamanatkan Presiden RI pada saat pembukaan Rakerkesnas 2017. Sebanyak 12 policy brief dihasilkan di tahun 2017, namun hanya 2 yang dapat diadvokasikan. Sementara itu, Badan Litbang Kesehatan sedang mengembangkan inovasi bernama 'Poros Kebijakan'. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi pemanfaatan rekomendasi kebijakan hasil litbang kesehatan dalam rangka kebijakan berbasis bukti dengan menggunakan model implementasi kebijakan Van Meter Van Horn. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik WM dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa penggunaan rekomendasi kebijakan dalam bentuk policy brief masih minim, terjadi ketidaksinkronan antar dasar hukum terkait sehingga tujuan kebijakan tidak tercapai, belum adanya pedoman yang mengatur mekanisme pelaksanaan, belum adanya insentif khusus terkait kebijakan, rendahnya kapasitas pelaku kebijakan, terjadi ketidakharmonisan hubungan dengan salah satu stakeholder program stunting, belum adanya jejaring dan forum khusus stunting, terjadi perbedaan persepsi dan penolakan dari salah seorang stakeholder, dan terdapat dukungan LIPI serta Bappenas meski belum optimal. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi pemanfaatan rekomendasi kebijakan hasil litbang kesehatan (policy brief) dalam rangka kebijakan berbasis bukti belum optimal. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilanjutkan inovasi poros kebijakan dengan mempertimbangkan hal-hal berikut: telaah dan sinkronisasi seluruh peraturan induk dan turunan, perencanaan dan pelaksanaan pelatihan untuk semua peneliti dan pelaku advokasi, menyusun tata hubungan kerja baik di dalam Badan Litbang Kesehatan maupun dalam Kementerian Kesehatan, menjadikan PADK sebagai mitra kerja dengan 2 opsi, meningkatkan sosialisasi, dan advokasi lintas sektor (Bappenas, KSP, Kemenko PMK, LIPI, dan KemenPAN) terkait pemanfaatan rekomendasi kebijakan hasillitbang kesehatan dalam rangka kebijakan berbasis bukti pencegahan stunting.

---

ABSTRACTThe production and utilization of research results, to be evidence and basis of health policy, is an important component of strengthening the health research system and the national health system. Policy recommendations of research and development results advocated to stakeholders have also been used as performance indicators of the Ministry of Health in the field of health research and development in the Ministry of Health's Strategic Plan 2015-2019. Although some national-scale researches such as Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) have been successful in supporting health policies, the utilization of research results as a basis for the preparation of health policies, particularly in the prevention of stunting, remains unidentified. Whereas this stunting has become a health policy issue as mandated by the President of the Republic of Indonesia at the opening of Rakerkesnas 2017. A total of 12 policy briefs are produced in 2017, but only 2 can be advocated. Meanwhile, the National Health Institute of Research and Developments is developing innovation called 'Policy Axis'. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the utilization of policy recommendations of health research and development results in the framework of evidence-based policies using Van Meter Van Horn policy implementation model. This research uses qualitative method with indepth interview technique and document study. The result of the research shows that the use of policy recommendation in the form of policy brief is still minimal, there is a lack of synchrony between related legal basis so that the policy objectives are not achieved, the lack of guidance which regulate the implementation mechanism, the absence of special incentive related to policy, the low capacity of policy actors, rejection form one of the stakeholders of the stunting program, the lack of network and special forum stunting, there is a difference of perception and rejection from one of the stakeholders, and there is support of LIPI and Bappenas although not yet optimal. So it can be concluded that the implementation of policy recommendation of policy research and development results (policy brief) in the context of evidence-based policy stunting prevention is not optimal. Therefore, it is necessary to continue the innovation of the policy axis by considering the following points : to synchronize all the key rules and derivations, planning and implementation of training for all researchers and advocates, to set up working relationships both within the Health Research Agency and the Ministry of Health, to make PADK as a partner with 2 options, promote socialization, and cross-sectoral advocacy (Bappenas, KSP, Kemenko PMK, LIPI, and KemenPAN) on the use of health research and development policy recommendations in the context of stunting prevention evidence-based policy."

"Nilai impor bahan baku obat di Indonesia mencapai 11,4 triliun rupiah yang merupakan 96% dari total bisnis bahan baku obat di Indonesia pada tahun 2012. Pemerintah telah mengeluarkan Instruksi Presiden Nomor 6 Tahun 2016 untuk mengembangkan industri farmasi nasional. Kementerian Kesehatan kemudian mengeluarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 17 Tahun 2017 tentang Rencana Aksi Pengembangan Industri Farmasi dan Alat Kesehatan yang salah satu tujuaannya adalah mewujudkan kemandirian bahan baku obat untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan dalam negeri dan ekspor. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui implementasi kebijakan kemandirian bahan baku obat dalam Permenkes Nomor 17 Tahun 2017. Penelitian ini dengan metode kualitatif dengan data primer yang diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dan data sekunder melalui telaah dokumen. Penelitian menggunakan teori analisis kebijakan Van Meter dan Van Horn dengan variabel ukuran dan tujuan, sumber daya, karakteristik badan pelaksana, komunikasi antar organisasi, disposisi pelaksana, serta lingkungan ekonomi, sosial, dan politik yang mempengaruhi implementasi kebijakan. Hasil penelitian adalah bahwa ukuran dan tujuan kebijakan telah jelas namun masih terkendala pada sumber daya, karakteristik badan pelaksana yang terbatas, komunikasi antar organisasi yang terkendala pada lintas sektoral, dan disposisi pelaksana yang masih kurang dari segi pemahaman, serta lingkungan ekonomi, sosial dan politik yang cukup mendukung. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah implementasi belum berjalan dengan optimal dengan kendala pada variabel yang cukup berpengaruh yaitu komunikasi antar organisasi karena banyak pihak yang terkait dalam pelaksanaan kebijakan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan dibentuknya konsorsium atau suatu badan yang terdiri atas Kementerian dan Lembaga terkait, sistem data jumlah kebutuhan dan impor bahan baku, serta adanya penghargaan dan sanksi yang jelas bagi pelaksnaa kebijakan.

---

The import value of medicinal raw materials in Indonesia reached 11.4 trillion rupiah, which constituted 96% of the total drug raw material business in Indonesia in 2012. The Government has issued Presidential Instruction No. 6 of 2016 to develop the national pharmaceutical industry. The Ministry of Health then issued Minister of Health Regulation No. 17 of 2017 concerning the Action Plan for the Development of the Pharmaceutical Industry and Medical Devices, one of which is to realize the independence of medicinal raw materials to meet domestic and export needs. This study aims to determine the implementation of the policy of independence of medicinal raw materials in the Minister of Health Regulation No. 17 of 2017. This research uses qualitative methods with primary data obtained through in-depth interviews and secondary data through document review. The study uses the theory of policy analysis of Van Meter and Van Horn with variables of size and purpose, resources, characteristics of implementing agencies, communication between organizations, implementing dispositions, as well as economic, social, and political environments that influence policy implementation.

The results of the study are that the size and objectives of the policy are clear but are still constrained by resources, limited characteristics of implementing agencies, communication between organizations that are constrained across sectors, and implementing dispositions that are still insufficient in terms of understanding, economic, social and political environment. quite supportive. The conclusion of this study is that the implementation has not been run optimally with the constraints on the variables that are quite influential, namely communication between organizations because there are many stakeholders involved in implementing the policy. This research recommends the formation of a consortium or a body consisting of Ministries and Institutions, a data system for information on raw material needs and import values, and clear incentives and sanctions for policy implementers."

"The book emphasizes the use of science, evaluation, and knowledge building to inspire improvements counterterrorism interventions. Focusing on three key areas, identifying and accessing relevant data, using innovative methodologies for generating new interventions, and examining various perspectives to evaluation counterterrorism. The book combines a framework for using scientific findings to inform security policy with a best-practices approach to implementing programs. Strategies such as risk terrain modeling and validity testing for security screening instruments are shown as fostering improvements in threat assessment and in anticipating and responding to future events. The editors also argue for a broader research infrastructure to encourage ongoing development. Among the topics covered, assessment and comparison of terrorism data sources, information sharing and fusion centers, various longitudinal models for assessing counterterrorism policies and terrorism trends, evidence-based evaluations and validity testing of airport security measures, public opinion and criminological research application to counterinsurgency and counterterrorism, police practices for understanding and managing terror risk, counterterrorism finance and trade regulations, legal challenges and evaluation of counterterrorism policy. "

"Skripsi ini berupaya untuk menganalisis proses formulasi kebijakan pembatasan ganjil-genap di Provinsi DKI Jakarta dalam perspektif evidence-based policy. Peneliti menggunakan konsep evidence-based policy (Head, 2008) untuk memahami penggunaan bukti dalam tiga dimensi, yaitu political knowledge, scientific (research-based) knowledge, dan practical implementation knowledge yang dapat memengaruhi efektivitas kebijakan. Pendekatan post-positivist peneliti gunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan gambaran yang utuh dan memahami kemungkinan adanya variabel-variabel lain yang belum ditemukan pada teori melalui wawancara mendalam dan studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini menemukan adanya pelibatan pemangku kepentingan dalam proses partisipatif sistemik yang terbatas pada NGO dan Akademisi. Sementara itu, kelompok kepentingan bisnis terlibat secara reaktif melalui dukungan media massa. Penggunaan data dan informasi telah dilakukan oleh Dinas Perhubungan Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta meskipun menunjukan adanya keterbatasan data yang berakibat ketidakmampuan dalam memberikan gambaran holistik terkait kondisi lalu lintas dan pengaruh yang diberikan kebijakan ganjil-genap di Jakarta. Sementara secara praktis, formulasi kebijakan ganjil-genap telah berhasil membentuk kesiapan instrumen pelaksana dalam implementasi kebijakan ganjil-genap. Secara teoritis, penelitian ini menemukan dua faktor determinan dalam pembentukan political knowledge yang belum dikemukakan oleh Head (2008), yaitu kepastian hukum dan peran media massa.

---

This thesis describes the policy formulation of even-odd traffic restriction system in DKI Jakarta from the perspective of evidence-based policy. Researcher used the concept of evidence-based policy (Head, 2008) to understand three dimensions of evidence, namely political knowledge, scientific (research-based) knowledge, and practical implementation knowledge. Researcher used post-positivist paradigm in this study to get a holistic analysis and understand the possibility of other variables that have not been discussed in previous theory through in-depth interviews and literature studies. The result shows that there was stakeholder involvement in a systemic participatory process that was limited to NGOs and academics. Meanwhile, business interest groups are reactively involved through mass media support. Transportation Department of DKI Jakarta had used data and information in even-odd traffic restriction system policy formulation. Even though it shows the limitations of the data which results in the inability to provide a holistic picture related to traffic conditions and the effects of even-odd policies in Jakarta. While practically, even-odd policy formulations had succeeded in shaping the readiness of implementing instruments in the implementation of even-odd traffic system policy. Theoretically, this study found two determinant factors in the formation of political knowledge that have not been stated by Head (2008), namely legal certainty and the role of the mass media."

"ABSTRAKPrevalensi stunting di Indonesia dilaporkan meningkat sebanyak 37.2% pada tahun 2013 dimanasebelumnya prevalensi stunting berada pada posisi 35.6% di tahun 2010 (Mayasari et al., 2018).Riskesdas 2018 menunjukkan angka stunting atau anak tumbuh pendek turun dari 37,2%pada Riskesdas 2013 menjadi 30,8% pada tahun ini. Namun jika melihat RPJMN tahun 2015-2019 angka tersebut masih belum sesuai target dimana penurunan angka yang ditargetkanoleh pemerintah adalah sebesar 28%. Sebagai salah satu upaya menangani stunting, pemerintahIndonesia melalui kebijakan Permendes PDTT No 16 Tahun 2018 mengenai prioritas Penggunaan DanaDesa Tahun 2019 menyatakan bahwa dana desa dapat digunakan untuk penanganan stunting.Pemerintah memilki target untuk memperluas program dan kegiatan nasional pencegahan stuntingke 160 Kabupaten/Kota pada tahun 2019 dan ke 390 Kabupaten/Kota di tahun 2020 mendatang. Salahsatu wilayah yang menjadi fokus pemerintah adalah 10 kabupaten yang terletak di kota Bogor, ProvinsiJawa Barat. Dalam studi ini, peneliti mengkaji implementasi kebijakan prioritas Penggunaan Dana DesaTahun 2019 dalam hal penanganan masalah stunting di Kabupatan Bogor. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa pada realisasi dana desa tahun 2019 belum ada besaran dana yang secara khususdigunakan untuk menangani stunting. Namun, ada beberapa program yang sudah dijalankan olehperangkat desa di Kabupaten Bogor, diantaranya program penyediaan air bersih dan sanitasi,pemberian makanan tambahan dan bergizi untuk balita, pelatihan pemantauan perkembangan danpemeriksaan kesehatan berkala melalui kegiatan posyandu untuk ibu menyusui, dan pengembanganketahanan pangan di desa. Selain itu, ditemukan hambatan berupa kurangnya pemahamam perangkatdesa mengenai stunting beserta langkah-langkah pencegahan dan penanggulangannya yangberpengaruh kepada alokasi dana desa untuk menangani stunting. Peneliti merekomendasikanadanya penjelasan lebih lanjut (dalam bentuk sosialisasi ataupun edukasi) baik kepada pemerintahdesa maupun ke kader-kader kesehatan terkait stunting itu sendiri, mengingat pada hasil penelitianini masih ditemukannya pemerintah desa yang belum mengetahui secara jelas tentang stunting.

---

ABSTRACTThe prevalence of stunting in Indonesia was reported to increase for around 37.2% in 2013 comparedto around 35.5% in 2010 (Mayasari et al., 2018). Meanwhile, the report by Riskesdas in 2018 presentedthat there was a decrease in the prevalence of stunting to around 30.8% compared to the one in 2013.But, the reducing number of prevalence did not necessarily solve the issue since it was still above 28%--the standard set by the government. As one of the stepping stones to solve this health problem,Indonesia Government released a policy, named Permendes PDTT No 16 Tahun 2018 in whichexplained that resolving stunting should be one of the top priorities that run by the village governmentthrough village funding. The central government aimed to enhance the national prevention programsof stunting that would be conducted in 160 districts in 2019 and 390 districts in the following year.One of the priority areas was 10 districts that located in Bogor, West Java province. Hence, this studyaims to evaluate the implementation of village funding policy to tackle stunting issues in 10 districtsthat located in Bogor City in 2019. The findings showed there was not any village that have allocatedspecific budget from the village funding to tackle stunting. However, there were some programs whichmight be related to the prevention of stunting, such as sanitation and water supply, nutritious foodsupply for toddler, training and monitoring the health status of newly mothers, and village's foodresilience programs. On the other hand, there were some challenges in implementing the villagefunding policy, including the knowledge amongst the village government towards the definition ofstunting as well as the prevention and strategies that should be done to resolve this health issue.Based on these problems, the researcher highly recommend that education and socialization ofstunting should be conducted to both village government and health personnel in the village's primarycare (Puskesmas). "

"Tesis ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi Program Indonesia Sehat denganpendekatan keluarga PIS-PK di Kabupaten Bandung tahun 2017. Proses implementasikebijakan dilihat dari unsur proses kebijakan, komunikasi, ketersediaan sumberdayatenaga, biaya, fasilitas yang dibutuhkan, proses disposisi, dan struktur birokrasi ditingkat dinas kesehatan dan di puskesmas. Selain itu peneliti juga menganalisa faktorkondisi sosial, ekonomi dan politik terkait peran dan dukunganstakeholder terhadapimplementasi program keluarga sehat ini. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitiankualitatif dengan metode deskriptif eksploratif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di dinas kesehatan dan 12 puskesmas percontohan di wilayah Kabupaten Bandung. Metode pengambilan data menggunakan metode wawancara mendalam dan focus group discussion FGD kepada beberapa informan yang dipilih purposif sampling, informan dari dinas kesehatan dan puskesmas serta melakukan trianggulasi data dengan telaahdokumen. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa disposisi dan persepsi yang kurang dari pengambil keputusan key decision maker di dinas kesehatan mengakibatkan kurangnya dukungan dan komitmen sehingga memberikan dampak kurangnya komunikasi, tidak berjalannya koordinasi, dan tidak jelasnya struktur birokrasi. Kurangnya komunikasi di dinas kesehatan mempengaruhi proses perencanaan, pembiayaan, pelaksanaan sampai monitoring evaluasi. Komunikasi yang kurang efektif mempegaruhi keterlibatan lintas sektoral di tingkat Kabupaten Bandung. Implementasi program keluarga sehat di puskesmas tidak berjalan optimal. Hambatan utama implementasi di puskesmas karena keterbatasan tenaga dan anggaran. Meskipun sebagian besar puskesmas percontohan sudah melaksanakan beberapa tahapan pelaksanaan program, dari target pendataan keluarga yang ditetapkan sebesar 30 ditahun 2017, hasil cakupan sementara hanya mampu mencapai kurang dari 5. Disposisi dan komunikasi menjadi faktor yang sangat mempengaruhi implementasi program di tingkat dinas kesehatan. Sedangkan faktor ketenagaan dan pembiayaan merupakan faktor penghambat utama implementasi program ditingkat puskesmas. Persepsi dan sikap dari organisasi profesi PPNI dan IBI dan institusi pendidikan terkait program ini cukup baik dan mendukung. Studi ini diharapkan mampu menjadi bahan masukan kepada dinas kesehatan untuk meningkatkan manajemen program terutama dalam proses komunikasi, koordinasi, perencanaan dan pembiayaan dan distribusi tenaga kesehatan dalam implementasi program.

---

Aim. This thesis aims to analyze the policy implementation of the Indonesian HealthProgram with Family Approach PIS PK in Bandung Regency in 2017. The process of policy implementation is seen from the elements of policy process, communication, availability of resource,manpower, cost, facilities needed, disposition process and bureaucracy structure at the the Health Center Office and the community health center. This study is also to analyze social, economic, and political factors related to the role and support of stakeholders towards the implementation of the program. Methods. This study was a qualitative research with descriptive design. This research was conducted in the the Health Center Office and twelve community health centers in Bandung Regency area. Data were collected using in depth interview and Focus Group Discussion FGD with informants from those institutions selected using purposive sampling. Data triangulation with document review was performed to ensure the trustworthiness.

Results. The result of the research showed that lack of disposition and perception of key decision makers inthe Health Center Office levelresulted in the lack of support and commitment, which caused of lack of communication, coordination and clarity of bureaucratic structure. The lack of communication at the level of the Health Center Office affected the process of planning, financing, implementation and evaluation as well as influenced cross sectoral engagement at Bandung district level. The implementation of health family program at the community health center was not optimal. The main obstacles to the implementation were limited manpower and budget. Although most community health centers had implemented several stages of program implementation, however, from 30 of the target of the program in 2017, the coverage only reached less than 5.

Conclusion. Disposition and communication were the main factors affecting the implementation of programs at the Health Center Office level. While manpower and financing were the main factors inhibiting the implementation of the program at the community health center level. However, perceptions and attitudes of professional organizations Indonesian National Nurses Association and Indonesian Midwifery Association and the educational institutions related to this program were quite good and supportive.This study recomend to health center office to improving of communication and coordination in Bandung District level and re organizing and distributing of manpower such as nurse, midwifery, public health, sanitarian, and nutritionist to support this program."

"Seribu hari pertama kehidupan (1000 HPK) merupakan periode fundamental dalam kehidupan manusia karena pada masa ini anak berkembang dengan sangat pesat dan tidak bisa diulang lagi. Kekurangan nutrisi pada 1000 HPK dapat menyebabkan stunting. Stunting memiliki dampak pada mutu sumberdaya manusia. Di masa depan anak yang stunting akan kesusahan dalam belajar, kualitas kerja rendah dan rentan terhadap penyakiit tidak menular. Untuk mengatasi masalah stunting pemerintah Indonesia meluncurkan strategi nasional penurunan stunting terintegrasi. Salah satu intervensi yang dilakukan adalah intervensi gizi spesifik. Intervensi ini dilakukan untuk mengatasi penyebab langsung stunting berupa kekurangan gizi dan masalah kesehatan lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis pada implementasi kebijakan intervensi gizi spesifik di Kabupaten Padang Lawas dengan menggunakan teori Van Meter dan Van Horn 1975 dengan variabel ukuran dan tujuan, sumber daya, karakteristik badan pelaksana, komunikasi antar organisasi, disposisi pelaksana, serta lingkungan ekonomi, sosial, dan politik. Penelitian dilakukan secara kualitatif, melalui wawancara mendalam, dan telaah dokumen. Lokasi penelitian di Kabupaten Padang Lawas. Hasil penelitian adalah pada variabel ukuran dan tujuan kebijakan sudah ditemukan ada ada perbup dan indikator gizi sebagai dasar dan ukuran kebijakan. variabel kinerja implementasi kebijakan ditemukan prevalensi stunting masih diatas target indikator dan sebagian besar capaian kinerja gizi sudah tercapai. Variabel sumber daya masih terkendala dengan fasilitas yang masih kurang lengkap dan insentif khusus yang belum ada. Variabel karakteristik lembaga belum ada SOP khusus namun sudah ada SOP pelayan terkait intervensi gizi di puskesmas, fragmentasi yang baik namun SDM masih kurang. Variabel komunikasi, sosialisasi kebijakan sudah dilakukan dengan jelas dan konsisten disampaikan. Variabel disposisi pelaksana kebijakan sudah baik. Dan variabel lingkungan ekonomi, sosial dan politik cukup baik. Hal yang menghambat kebijakan adalah variabel sumberdaya; kinerja kebijakan; sumber daya manusia; dan lingkungan ekonomi sedangkan yang mendukung kebijakan ini adalah variabel disposisi pelaksana; komunikasi organisasi dan dukungan ekonomi, sosial dan politik.

---

The first thousand days of life is a fundamental period in human life because during this period children develop very rapidly and it’s cannot be repeated. Nutritional deficiencies at 1000 days causes stunting. Stunting has an impact on human resources. In the future, children who are stunted will have difficulty in learning, have low work quality and are prone to non-communicable diseases. To solve the stunting problem, the Indonesian government launched an integrated national strategy for reducing stunting. One of the interventions that is carried out is nutrition-specific interventions. This intervention was carried out to address the direct causes of stunting in the form of malnutrition and other health problems. This study aims to analyze the implementation of specific nutrition intervention policies in Padang Lawas Regency using the theory of Van Meter and Van Horn 1975 with standards and objectives variabel, resources, characteristics of the implementing agencies, interorganizational communication, disposition of implementor, and the economic, social, and politics condition that affect the performance of policy implementation. The research was conducted qualitatively, through in-depth interviews and documents review. The result of this research is that the variable standar and objectives have found that there are regulations and indicators of nutrition-specific as standar and objectives. In the variable of policy performance, the

prevalence of stunting was still above the target indicator and most of the nutritionspecific performance had been achieved. Resource variables are still constrained by incomplete facilities and missing special incentives. The implementing agency variable. There is no specific SOP, but puskesmas is already has SOP’s health service, fragmentation is good but human resources are still lacking. Communication variables, policy socialization have been carried out clearly and consistently delivered. The disposition variable of the policy implementer is good. And the economic, social and political environment variables are quite good. The conclusion of this research is that the implementation of the policy is going quite well."