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"Penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan empiris antara kompetisi dan inovasi di Indonesia dengan menggunakan data perusahaan BPS Indonesia. Keterbatasan data inovasi mengharuskan penggunaan R&D expenditure sebagai inovasi pada tahun tersedianya data. Kompetisi diestimasi dengan menggunakan profit elasticity berdasarkan gagasan efisiensi. Bentuk inverted-U diuji dengan teknologi spread pada industri dimana efek dari kompetisi dan inovasi dapat berubah dari positif menjadi negatif. Bukti empiris menunjukkan hubungan antara kompetisi dan inovasi merupakan inverted-U dengan titik optimal yang sangat rendah. Ini berarti sangat sedikit industri yang dapat meningkatkan inovasi dan hampir semua industri akan mengurangi inovasi ketika kompetisi meningkat.

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This paper studies empirical relationship between competition and innovation in Indonesia using micro data BPS Indonesia. Lack of innovation data has necessitated use R&D expenditure as innovation in year of data avaibility. Competition is estimated by computing profit elasticity, based on idea of efficiency. Inverted-U shape tested with technology spread within industries at which effect of competition and innovation can be turns from positive to negative. Empirical evidence shows relationship between competition and innovation is inverted-U with very low optimal point. This means that very few industries can increase innovation and almost all industries will reduce innovation as competition increases."

"Dengan revolusi industri yang sekarang sedang berlangsung dunia sedang mengalami fenomena baru yang disebut "The New Normal". Dimana situasi ini dijelaskan oleh variabilitas, ketidakpastian, kompleksitas, dan ambiguitas (VUCA). Untuk mengatasinya, industri manufaktur di Indonesia perlu adanya inovasi proses. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan inovasi proses diilustrasikan dengan investasi mesin (otomasi) yang didasarkan pada teori memiliki dampak ambigu pada permintaan tenaga kerja. Dampaknya adalah bisa dirasakan meningkatkan jumlah permintaan tenaga kerja juga kurangi itu. Menggunakan data panel statistik industri dari tahun Dari 2004 hingga 2015, kami ingin melihat apa dampak nyata dari investasi mesin produktivitas tenaga kerja dan juga permintaan tenaga kerja di industri Manufaktur Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa berinvestasi pada mesin memiliki dampak positif pada produktivitas. Perusahaan itu berinvestasi pada mesin memiliki jumlah pekerja yang lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan mereka yang tidak berinvestasi. Penelitian ini juga ditemukan inovasi yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan padat modal dan padat karya tidak memiliki dampak yang berbeda. Terakhir, penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa waktu investasi juga memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan melawan permintaan tenaga kerja.

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With the industrial revolution that is now taking place the world is experiencing a new phenomenon called "The New Normal". Where this situation is explained by variability, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA). To overcome this, the manufacturing industry in Indonesia there is a need for process innovation. In this research, process innovation is illustrated by machine investment (automation) which is based on theory having an ambiguous impact on labor demand. The impact is that it can be felt that increasing the demand for labor and reducing it. Using industrial statistics panel data from 2004 to 2015, we want to see what the real impact of investment in labor productivity machinery is on labor demand in the Indonesian manufacturing industry. The results of this study prove that investing in machines has a positive impact on productivity. Companies that invest in machinery have a greater number of workers than those who do not. This study also found that innovations carried out by capital-intensive and labor-intensive companies did not have a different impact. Finally, this study also finds that the investment time also has a significant effect on labor demand."

"ABSTRAKDugaan bahwa kebijakan liberalisasi perdagangan dapat menciptakan seleksi pasar telah menjadi sorotan peneliti di negara berkembang. Dugaan teoritis menunjukkan dengan meningkatnya kompetisi akibat liberalisasi perdagangan, perusahaan yang kurang produktif akan terdorong keluar dari pasar, dan sebagai akibatnya, sumber daya produksi akan berpindah ke perusahaan yang lebih produktif. Studi ini menguji hipotesis tersebut dengan cara menganalisis korelasi antara tingkat produktivitas dan market share perusahaan setelah perubahan tarif impor barang final. Dengan menggunakan data mikro tingkat perusahaan, studi ini menemukan peningkatan korelasi antara Total Factor Productivity perusahaan dan pangsa pasar setelah penurunan tarif impor barang final di sektor manufaktur Indonesia pada periode tahun 1998-2013. Hasil empiris ini mendukung gagasan bahwa liberalisasi perdagangan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan sumber daya di proses produksi.

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ABSTRACT

The idea that trade liberalization can generate a market selection has been an interest for researchers in developing countries. Theoretically, trade liberalization-induced competition can benefit the high-productive firms but lead the low-productive ones out of market. The implication of the selection is the more efficient use of resources. This study examined the firm-level data of productivity and market share from Indonesian Manufacturing Firms Data from the 2000 -2013 period and found an increased positive correlation between the firms total factor productivity and its output share after import tariff decreases. The empirical findings supports the benefit from trade liberalization in terms of resource use."

"Penelitian ini menginvestigasi pengaruh rangkap jabatan dan hubungan politik terhadap kualitas laba dengan proksi manajemen laba berbasis akrual di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan data panel yang terdiri atas 88 perusahaan manufaktur yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2009 sampai 2014 and diregresikan menggunakan metode estimator kuadrat terkecil (PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan positif antara rangkap jabatan terhadap manajemen laba. Namun demikian, hubungan politik tidak mempengaruhi secara signifikan tingkat manajemen laba. Hasil ini konsisten apabila menggunakan akrual diskresioner dengan model Kasznik (1999) dan Dechow et al. (1995).

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This research is investigating the influence of multiple directorships and political connections on the quality of earnings, with the proxy of accrual-based earnings management in Indonesia. Using panel data comprising of 88 listed manufacturing companies in the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2009 to 2014 and is run with Pooled Least Square linear regression estimation method.

The results show positive relationship between multiple directorships and earnings management. However, political connection is found to not significantly influence the levels of earnings management. These results are consistent when the measurement of discretionary accruals is using Kasznik (1999) and Dechow, Sloan, and Sweeney (1995) model."

"Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kompetisi dan kinerja perbankan terhadap pertumbuhan industri manufaktur di Indonesia pada periode 2009-2014. Kompetisi perbankan diukur dengan menggunakan proksi Lerner Index. Indikator kinerja perbankan yang digunakan yaitu efisiensi diproksikan oleh rasio BOPO, profitabilitas diproksikan oleh ROA, dan stabilitas diproksikan oleh Z-Score dan Non-performing loan NPL. Pertumbuhan industri manufaktur diukur dengan nilai tambah value added.Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif serta pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan metode Generalized Least Square GLS. Secara keseluruhan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetisi perbankan berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap pertumbuhan industri, kinerja perbankan yaitu efisiensi berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap pertumbuhan industri, profitabilitas berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap pertumbuhan industri, dan stabilitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan industri.Kata kunci:Value added, kompetisi, efisiensi, profitabilitas, dan stabilitas.

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This thesis aims to examine the effect of banking competition and performance on growth of manufacturing industry in Indonesia for period 2009 2014. Banking competition is measured by using proxy Lerner Index. Indicators of banking performance were used are efficiency is proxied by BOPO, profitability is proxied by ROA, and stability is proxied by Z Score and Non performing loan NPL. The growth of manufacturing industry measured by value added.

Research is conducted with quantitative methods and hypothesis testing using the Generalized Least Square GLS. Overall, the results showed that competition affect negatively significant on the growth of the industry, efficiency affect positively significant on the growth of the industry, profitability affect positively significant on the growth of the industry, and stability affect significant on the growth of the industry.Keywords Value added, competition, efficiency, profitability, and stability."

"Teori Human Capital mengatakan bahwa tenaga kerja yang berpendidikan lebih tinggi akan mendapatkan upah yang lebih besar karena mereka memiliki produktivitas yang lebih tinggi. Namun bukti empiris menunjukkan peningkatan produktivitas tidak diikuti oleh peningkatan upah. Hal tersebut menggambarkan adanya degree of monopsony yang dimiliki perusahaan. Degree of monopsony dapat bervariasi antar sektor karena antar sektor memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda. Penelitian ini meneliti adanya degree of monopsony yang berbeda antar sektor dengan cara melihat hubungan antara komposisi tenaga kerja berdasarkan level pendidikan terhadap productivity-pay gap/rent sharing yang didapatkan oleh perusahaan pada industri manufaktur Indonesia pada kurun waktu 1996 dan 2006. Pengukuran rent sharing mengikuti metode Ours Stoeldraijer 2011 dan Kampelmann et.al 2018 yaitu selisih antara produktivitas tenaga kerja dengan rata-rata pengeluaran upah tenaga kerja yang dibayarkan oleh perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pooled cross section data yang dikontrol dengan dummy tahun, dan diestimasi menggunakan metode Ordinary Least Square OLS . Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa sebagian sektor industri manufaktur memiliki degree of monopsony terhadap tenaga kerja yang berpendidikan menengah dan tinggi, ditunjukkan dengan rent sharing positif yang didapatkan perusahaan jika menggantikan tenaga kerja yang berpendidikan rendah dengan tenaga kerja yang berpendidikan menengah dan tinggi. Semakin tinggi level teknologi produksi suatu sektor maka semakin besar degree of monopsony sektor tersebut terhadap tenaga kerja yang berpendidikan tinggi.

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Human capital theory suggest that more educated worker would received higher payment because more productive than less educated worker. But empirical studies show increased productivity not in line with the increase in wage. This phenomenon reflects the existence of degree of monopsony owned by the company. Degree of monopsony can vary between sectors because the inter sector has different characteristics.

This study examined the existence of different degree of monopsony between sectors by looking at the relationship between labor composition based on educational level on productivity pay gap rent sharing obtained by companies in Indonesian manufacturing industry during 1996 and 2006. We use method of Ours Stoeldraijer 2011 and Kampelmann et.al 2018 to measure rent sharing.

This study use pooled cross section of data controlled by year dummy, and estimated using the Ordinary Least Square OLS method. The results show that some manufacturing industry sectors have a degree of monopsony for medium and high education workers, indicated by the positive rent sharing that firms earn when replacing a low educated workforce with a high and middle education workforce. The higher the level of production technology of a sector, the greater the degree of monopsony of the sector to a highly educated workforce."

"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi dampak yang timbul daripenerapan Tanggung Jawab Sosial dan Produktivitas perusahaan manufaktur yangterdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dengan periode penelitian dari 2004 sampaidengan 2013. Tanggung Jawab Sosial (CSR) dikenal sebagai salah satu elemenpenting dari laporan keberlanjutan, menyampaikan informasi krusial yangmenyangkut dengan aspek social, dampak lingkungan, keselamatan kerja, hakasasi manusia, dan pemanfaatan energi oleh perusahaan yang bersangkutan.Variable control yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ukuran perusahaan,kesempatan pertumbuhan, tingkat pengembaian asset (ROA) dan rasio leverage.Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufakturyang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada periode 2004-2013. Data yangdigunakan adalah laporan tahunan dan laporan keuanganndari setiap perusahaanyang di kumpulkan dari Bursa efek Indonesia dan Indonesia Capital MarketDirectory (ICMD).Berdasarkan dari hasil statistik, hanya variable Tanggung Jawab Sosial(CSR) yang berpengaruh secara positif signifikan terhadap produktivitas yangdicapai perusahaan. Sementara itu, variabel kontrol lainnya berpengaruh secarabervariasi baik positif maupun negatif, tetapi tidak signifikan.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to investigate the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility CSR and Productivity of the manufacturing corporations that is listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2007 2013 Corporate Social Responsibility CSR known as the element of sustainability reporting provides crucial information relating social aspect environmental impact occupational safety human rights and energy utilization of the corporations The control variables are used in this study are size growth opportunity Return on Assets ROA and Leverage ratio The samples are manufacturing corporations which are listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange IDX period 2004 2013 The data are the Annual Report and Financial Report from each corporation and collected from Indonesia Stock Exchange and Indonesia Capital Market Directory ICMD Based on the statistical result of the study only CSR variable that significantly affects the productivity in positive sign However other control variables give various sign but not significantly influence ;This study aims to investigate the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility CSR and Productivity of the manufacturing corporations that is listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2007 2013 Corporate Social Responsibility CSR known as the element of sustainability reporting provides crucial information relating social aspect environmental impact occupational safety human rights and energy utilization of the corporations The control variables are used in this study are size growth opportunity Return on Assets ROA and Leverage ratio The samples are manufacturing corporations which are listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange IDX period 2004 2013 The data are the Annual Report and Financial Report from each corporation and collected from Indonesia Stock Exchange and Indonesia Capital Market Directory ICMD Based on the statistical result of the study only CSR variable that significantly affects the productivity in positive sign However other control variables give various sign but not significantly influence.;This study aims to investigate the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility CSR and Productivity of the manufacturing corporations that is listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2007 2013 Corporate Social Responsibility CSR known as the element of sustainability reporting provides crucial information relating social aspect environmental impact occupational safety human rights and energy utilization of the corporations The control variables are used in this study are size growth opportunity Return on Assets ROA and Leverage ratio The samples are manufacturing corporations which are listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange IDX period 2004 2013 The data are the Annual Report and Financial Report from each corporation and collected from Indonesia Stock Exchange and Indonesia Capital Market Directory ICMD Based on the statistical result of the study only CSR variable that significantly affects the productivity in positive sign However other control variables give various sign but not significantly influence ;This study aims to investigate the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility CSR and Productivity of the manufacturing corporations that is listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2007 2013 Corporate Social Responsibility CSR known as the element of sustainability reporting provides crucial information relating social aspect environmental impact occupational safety human rights and energy utilization of the corporations The control variables are used in this study are size growth opportunity Return on Assets ROA and Leverage ratio The samples are manufacturing corporations which are listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange IDX period 2004 2013 The data are the Annual Report and Financial Report from each corporation and collected from Indonesia Stock Exchange and Indonesia Capital Market Directory ICMD Based on the statistical result of the study only CSR variable that significantly affects the productivity in positive sign However other control variables give various sign but not significantly influence , This study aims to investigate the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility CSR and Productivity of the manufacturing corporations that is listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2007 2013 Corporate Social Responsibility CSR known as the element of sustainability reporting provides crucial information relating social aspect environmental impact occupational safety human rights and energy utilization of the corporations The control variables are used in this study are size growth opportunity Return on Assets ROA and Leverage ratio The samples are manufacturing corporations which are listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange IDX period 2004 2013 The data are the Annual Report and Financial Report from each corporation and collected from Indonesia Stock Exchange and Indonesia Capital Market Directory ICMD Based on the statistical result of the study only CSR variable that significantly affects the productivity in positive sign However other control variables give various sign but not significantly influence ]"

"ABSTRAKTujuan dari tesis ini adalah untuk menganalisis efek dari arus kas bebas, modal utang, persaingan pasar terhadap kinerja perusahaan yang diukur dengan Return on Assets ROA . Menggunakan model-model yang diadaptasi dari Fosu 2013 dan Wang 2010 , terdapat dua pengukuran untuk kompetisi yang digunakan: Herfindahl-Hirschman Index HHI dan Boone Indicator BI untuk pendekatan struktural dan non-struktural. Tesis ini menggunakan data panel yang terdiri dari 2.496 observasi yang berada dalam delapan sektor Global Industry Classification Standard GICS selama periode 2003-2013. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa BI lebih tepat digunakan daripada HHI untuk mengukur kompetisi pada sektor-sektor Indonesia.Perusahaan di Indonesia sebagian besar memiliki tingkat Free Cash Flow FCF rendah dan ukuran perusahaan yang kecil sehingga mengurangi kecenderungan terjadinya agency problems.Utang didapati tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja perusahaan ROA .Selain itu, kehadiran kompetisi di Indonesia menjadikan perusahaan dengan peluang pertumbuhan namun penggunaan utang hanya menurunkan kinerja perusahaan dari adanya gabungan tekanan untuk membayar bunga dan tekanan kompetisi.

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ABSTRACTThe purpose of this thesis is to investigate the effect offree cash flow,leverage, product market competition on firm performance measured by Return on Assets ROA .Using models adapted from Fosu 2013 and Wang 2010 ,two measurements for product market competition are used Herfindahl Hirschman Index HHI and Boone Indicator BI for structural and non structural approach. The thesis usespanel data consisting of 2,496 firm year observationsfrom eight Global Industry Classification Standard GICS sectors over the period 2003 2013. The result proved that BI is more appropriate than HHI for competition measure in Indonesian sectors. Firms in Indonesia mostly have low level of Free Cash Flow FCF and size which diminish the propensity of agency problems. Leverage was insignificant to firm performance ROA . Further, the presence of competition in Indonesia renders firms with growth opportunities however use of leverage leads to decrease in firm performance from combined pressures of interest payments and competition."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menguji pengaruh manajemen modal kerja melalui cash conversion cycle dan komponenenya (hari piutang dagang, hari persediaan barang, dan hari hutang dagang) terhadap profitabilitas hasil operasi perusahaan. Penelitian menggunakan regresi berganda data panel dengan metode random effect dengan sampel 129 perusahaan yang ada pada sektor industri manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia dengan data tahun 2008-2011. Digunakan juga variabel kontrol pertumbuhan penjualan, ukuran perusahaan, tingkat hutang, dan likuiditas perusahaan untuk dilihat pengaruhnya pada profitabilitas. Hasil penelitian menujukan bahwa cash conversion cycle tidak secara langsung mempengaruhi profitabilitas melainkan melalui hari piutang dagang, variabel kontrol yang mempengaruhi profitabilitas adalah ukuran perusahaan dan tingkat hutang perusahaan. Penelitian ini juga melakukan regresi pada 3 sub-sektor yang ada pada sektor industri manufaktur yang menunjukan bahwa profitabilitas tidak dipengaruhi langsung cash conversion cycle. Pada sub-sektor aneka industri profitabilitas dipengaruhi oleh hari piutang dagang dan hari persediaan barang, sedangkan pada sub-sektor barang konsumsi profitabilitas dipengaruhi oleh hari piutang dagang dan dari hutang dagang. Variabel kontrol yang mempengaruhi profitabilitas pada ke 3 sub-sektor tidak sama persis dengan sektor industri manufaktur, namun beragam.

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ABSTRAKThis study examined the effect of working capital management on profitability from operating activities through cash conversion cycle and its compnent days of accounts receivable days of nventory and days of accounts payable This study used panel data regression with random effects method used sample of 129 firms that exist in the manufacturing sector in Indonesia Stock Exchange over the 2008 2011 period This study used sales growth firm size debt level and liquidity as control variable see its effect on profitability The results addressing the cash conversion cycle that does not directly affect profitability but through the days of accounts receivables the control variables that affect the profitability of the company and is firm size and levelof corporate debt This study also perform regression on 3 sub sectors that exist in the manufacturing sub sector the regression shows that profitability is not affected directly by cash conversion cycle In the various industry sub sector profitability is affected by the days of accounts receivable and days of inventory while in the consumer goods sub sector profitability is affected by days of accounts receivable and days of accounts payable Control variables that affect profitability in the 3 subsector is not exactly the same with the manufacturing sector however diverse."

"Industri manufaktur berperan besar terhadap ekonomi Indonesia. Namun, pertumbuhan industri manufaktur tidak terlepas dari efek negatif yang muncul. Sektor industri mendapatkan tekanan untuk menurunkan emisi dan sampah produksi dengan bertransformasi ke arah lebih hijau. Penelitian ini akan mengkaji pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional hijau dan berorientasi pengetahuan, serta kewirausahaan hijau pada kinerja keberlanjutan melalui peran mediasi inovasi hijau dan manajemen pengetahuan. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode kuantitatif terhadap 133 perusahaan di Indonesia dengan analisis SEM-PLS untuk menguji hipotesisnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan peran mediasi berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja keberlanjutan perusahaan khususnya proses manajemen pengetahuan yang mampu menjadi mediator antara variabel independen dengan kinerja keberlanjutan.

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The manufacturing industry plays a major role in the Indonesian economy. However, growth of manufacturing industry cannot be separated from the negative effects that arise. The industrial sector is under pressure to reduce emissions and production waste by transforming in a greener direction. This research will examine the influence of green transformational and knowledge-oriented leadership, as well as green entrepreneurship on sustainability performance through the mediating role of green innovation and knowledge management. The research was conducted using quantitative methods on 133 companies in Indonesia with SEM-PLS analysis to test the hypothesis. The research results show that the role of mediation has a positive influence on the company's sustainability performance, especially the knowledge management process which is able to act as a mediator between independent variables and sustainability performance."