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"Saat ini media berbasis agama banyak bermunculan, mulai dari media cetak sampai media daring. Namun, objektivitas seringkali masih menjadi masalah seiring hadirnya media-media tersebut. Oleh karena itu, perlu ada perhatian khusus terhadap masalah ini. Terdapat dua penelitian yang membahas masalah ini menggunakan teori objektivitas Westerstahl dengan dua kasus yang berbeda. Perbedaan juga terlihat pada pengukuran di tahap operasionaliasi teori objektivitas Westerstahl. Penelitian pertama membahas tentang objektivitas pada Majalah Sabili saat meliput konflik Ambon, Sampit, dan Poso tahun 1999-2001. Penelitian kedua membahas tentang objektivitas pada media daring Voa-Islam dalam meliput penolakan terhadap Gubernur DKI Jakarta tahun 2014. Hasil dari kedua penelitian menemukan bahwa kedua media Islam yang diteliti belum memenuhi kriteria komponen objektivitas Westertahl.

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Nowadays, many religious-based media are emerging, ranging from printing to online media. Despite the fact that the platform of religious-based media is now varied, objectivity is still a problem and it needs to be discussed. There have been two studies with two different cases addressing this issue using Westerstalhs Objectivity Theory. The difference can be seen in the measurement of the operational stage in Westerstalhs Objectivity Theory. The first study investigates the objectivity of Majalah Sabili when it covered Ambon, Sampit and Poso conflict in 1999-2001 while the second study investigates the objectivity of an online media platform named VOA-Islam when they covered about the rejection of DKI Jakartas governor back in 2014. Taken together, these results show that none of these two media fulfill Westertahls objectivity criteria."

"ABSTRAKMakalah ini membahas tentang bagaimana framing NYTimes.com terhadap berita mengenai Islam dan bagaimana Islam sebagai agama dikonstruksikan dalam pemberitaan tersebut. Cara media tersebut menampilkan, memilih dan memilah fakta yang ditonjolkan dalam pemberitaan penting untuk diteliti karena setiap media massa mempunyai kecenderungan yang berbeda-beda. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi pustaka dan daya yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan metode analisis framing dan perspektif analisa kritis wacana media.

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ABSTRACTThis paper discusses how NYTimes.com 39 s framing of news about Islam and how Islam as a religion is constructed in its preaching. The way the media show, select and sort the facts highlighted in the news is important to be studied because each mass media has a different tendency. The data was the collected through literature study and the collected data were analyzed by framing analysis method and perspective of critical analysis of media discourse."

"Sebagian studi komunikasi perubahan iklim berfokus kepada pembingkaian isu yang dilakukan oleh media arus utama. Penelitian kali ini mencoba berkontribusi dalam studi sejenis dengan melakukan komparasi pembingkaian antara media arus utama dan media niche dalam konteks negara berkembang. Studi diarahkan kepada perbandingan kedalaman, pembingkaian dan penggunaan sumber informasi, dengan metode analisis isi kuantitatif, antara Kompas.com, sebagai media arus utama, dan Mongabay.co.id, sebagai media niche di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan kedalaman dan keragaman perspektif peliputan dari media niche. Secara keseluruhan, bingkai dampak dan atribusi pertanggungjawaban, dan sumber informasi yang berasal dari pemerintah Indonesia, cenderung digunakan oleh kedua kanal berita. Perbedaan terlihat dari Mongabay.co.id yang mengikutsertakan suara masyarakat lokal, dan lebih berfokus pada peliputan isu advokasi terkait perubahan iklim. Sedangkan Kompas.com mencoba menyeimbangkan sumber informasi dan cenderung tidak mengambil posisi secara eksplisit.

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Some studies on climate change communication focus on issue framing conducted by mainstream media. This research aims to contribute to a similar study by comparing the framing between mainstream and niche media in the context of developing countries. The study focuses on the depth, framing, and use of information sources, using quantitative content analysis methods, between Kompas.com as mainstream media and Mongabay.co.id as niche media in Indonesia. The results show the depth and diversity of coverage perspectives from niche media. Overall, impact framing, accountability attribution, and information sources from the Indonesian government still tend to be used by both news channels. Differences are observed in Mongabay.co.id, which includes the voices of local communities and focuses more on advocacy  coverage related to climate change. In contrast, Kompas.com attempts to balance information sources and tends not to take explicit positions."

"Media massa sebagai salah satu perangkat negara yang berperan penting dalam pembangunan nasional dan memiliki kekuatan untuk memengaruhi persepsi publik selayaknya memberitakan isu kemiskinan dengan porsi dan kemasan yang sesuai sehingga mampu menampilkannya secara komprehensif. Di Indonesia, media massa belum melihat isu kemiskinan sebagai isu yang penting untuk dibahas secara komprehensif dan mendalam. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana media massa Indonesia membingkai isu kemiskinan. Lebih jauh, hasil temuan dianalisa dengan menggunakan konsep agenda publik, agenda media, dan konteks sosial budaya Indonesia.

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In Indonesia, mass media plays a significant role in national development and has the strengh to influence public perception as well. Thus, mass media should have been conveyed the poverty issue to the public comprehensively. By far, mass media in Indonesia not yet considered poverty as one of important issues to be discussed and reported deeply with comprehensively manner. The purpose of the study is to see how mass media in Indonesia frame the poverty issue using several concepts which are public agenda, media agenda, and the context of Indonesia’s social culture. "

"Indonesia memiliki penduduk yang didominasi umat Islam dan persoalan agama dalam media menjadi sensitif. Penulisan di media harus dilakukan dengan hati-hati dan tidak menyinggung. Sehingga media melakukan agenda setting untuk memilah isu yang dimunculkan dan tidak dimunculkan dalam medianya. Dari hasil analisis isi yang dilakukan pada surat kabar di Indonesia pada tahun 1996 ? 2011, diperoleh bahwa isu keagamaan hanya menjadi wacana alternatif, dan lebih banyak menggunakan perspektif teknologi dibanding syariah dengan menggeser wilayah spiritual ke wilayah yang lebih rasional. Sehingga aspek ekonomi dan tema tentang kebijakan hukum dipilih. Isu halal pun belum masuk kedalam agenda isu global dan terdapat kecenderungan untuk membahasnya secara sambil lalu dengan mengarahkannya pada tema lain yang sekiranya lebih menarik. Ditambah dengan tenggat waktu yang mengikat, reporter takut melakukan elaborasi isu keagamaan. Birokrat atau pemerintah dianggap paling legitimate sebagai narasumber karena berperan sebagai pembuat kebijakan yang akan berpengaruh kepada kepentingan publik.

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Indonesia is dominated by moslem people. Religious issue could became sensitive to publicate in media. Media writing have to do carefully and not offense. That‟s why media have to do setting agenda for choose the issue that is publicate in his media. From content analysis to Indonesia‟s media since 1996- 2011, concluded that religious issue only be an anlternative and presented by technologycal perspective than sharia which is take spiritual area to rational area. Economic aspect and law enforcement is choosen. Halal issue not become global isuue yet. And there is tendency to ignore it with more interesting theme. With the tight schedule, reporters are affraid to do ellaboration. Birochracy and Government have rule as make regulation that mek them more initeresting to presented to public."

"Lingkungan merupakan hal yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan manusia. Kerusakan lingkungan hidup akan berdampak negatif terhadap kualitas hidup. Saat ini, baik di tingkat global maupun nasional, isu mengenai lingkungan hidup telah sering didiskusikan. Indonesia juga mengalami kerusakan lingkungan yang serius. Hal ini terjadi karena rendahnya kepedulian masyarakat untuk menjaga lingkungan. Media massa berpotensi untuk meningkatkan kepedulian masyarakat terhadap isu lingkungan dengan kekuatan agenda setting yang dimiliknya. Sayangnya isu lingkungan hidup belum maksimal diliput oleh media massa. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah karena adanya ketidakharmonisan hubungan antarstakeholder sehingga jurnalis lingkungan mengalami banyak hambatan dalam mengangkat isu lingkungan ke media massa. Metode yang digunakan dalam makalah ini adalah studi literartur. Makalah ini akan membahas bagaimana upaya jurnalis lingkungan agar dapat mengangkat isu lingkungan ke dalam agenda media massa. Ada beberapa cara yang dapat dilakukan jurnalis lingkungan dalam hal ini yaitu 1) Kemasan isu lingkungan 2) Kecakapan awak media dalam pemberitaan isu lingkungan 3) Strategi diplomatis dalam pemberitaan isu lingkungan.

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Environment is a very essential thing in human life. The environmental damages give negative impacts to the quality of life. Nowadays, environmental issues are frequently discussed in global or national level. Indonesia faces serious environmental damages. This happen because society pay less attention to protect surrounding. Mass media play very important role in increasing awareness of society, through its agenda setting, to preserve environment. Unfortunately media coverage on environment issues is still lacking. One of the reasons is because there's relationship disharmony among environment stakeholders, which hinder environmental journalists to prioritize environmental issues in media. This paper will discuss about the strategy on how environmental journalists promote environmental issues through agenda setting. There are several ways environmental journalists could do in order to achieve that goal 1) The packaging of environmental issues 2) Journalists ability in reporting the issues 3) Diplomatic strategy in reporting environmental issues. Literature review method is used to gather informations in this paper."

"[ABSTRAKSetelah pemerintahan Orde Baru tumbang pemberitaan mengenai otonomi daerah mekarbermunculan, media massa yang pada zaman Orde Baru jarang memberitakan mengenai isuotonomi daerah berubah haluan menjadi gadrung memberitakan isu otonomi daerah, berbagaiberita bermunculan ada yang positif dan ada yang negatif, bermacam pertarungan wacanamewarnai isu otonomi daerah di media massa.Penelitian ini bermula dari rasa ingin tahu yang mendalam mengenai berbagai beritatentang isu otonomi daerah yang muncul di media massa dan bagaimana media massamelakukan konstruksi realitas terhadap isu otonomi daerah , selama ini penelitian mengenai isuotonomi daerah banyak dilakukan oleh para ilmuwan yang berlatar belakang ilmu politik, ilmupemerintahan, ilmu administrasi negara, dan ilmu hukum, penelitian yang dilakukan oleh parailmuwan di atas lebih banyak bicara mengenai penerapan kebijakan otonomi daerah. Penelitianmengenai isu otonomi daerah menggunakan perspektif ilmu komunikasi masih jarang bahkanbisa dibilang langka, padahal peran media massa menurut Severin-Tankard (2007:15), adalahmembentuk opini publik. Para penganut mazhab konstruksionisme seperti Tuchman (1978),Fisman (1980), dan Shoemaker (1996), melihat bahwa berita yang disiarkan oleh media massadapat membuat masyarakat mempunyai suatu sudut pandang dan mengkonstruksikan suaturealitas suatu isu dalam masyarakat tak terkecuali isu otonomi daerah.Penelitian dalam disertasi ini menggunakan perspektif interpretif. Perspektif ini dipilihkarena menurut Neuman (2006) teori konstruksi sosial merupakan ranah dalam perspektifinterpretif, untuk membedah teks dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisa teks framing,model yang digunakan adalah framing Robert N Entman. Framing model Entman dipilih karenadalam konsep Entman framing dapat dipakai untuk menggambarkan proses seleksi suatu isu,serta menonjolkan beberapa aspek tertentu dari suatu realitas oleh media. Empat elemenframing model Entman adalah pertama Define Problem merupakan bingkai utama atau masterframe, kedua Diagnose Causes dalam elemen kedua ini yang menjadi titik berat adalah siapaaktor utama dalam suatu kejadian atau peristiwa, ketiga Make Moral Judgement adalah elemenyang digunakan untuk melakukan pembenaran dengan memberikan berbagai argumentasi padapedefinisian masalah yang sudah dibuat, empat Treatment Recommendation adalah elemen yang digunakan untuk melihat apa yang sebenarnya dikehendaki oleh wartawan, bagaimana cara yangakan dipilih untuk menyelesaikan suatu masalah.Dalam disertasi ini ada 3 media yang diteliti yaitu harian Kompas, harian Jurnal Nasional,harian Kedaulatan Rakyat. Dipilihlah tiga surat kabar dengan orientasi yang berbeda, yaitupertama surat kabar Kompas sebagai surat kabar harian terkemuka nasional dengan tiras yangbesar, kedua surat kabar Jurnal Nasional sebagai surat kabar yang mempunyai kedekatan sejarahdengan Partai Demokrat, ketiga surat kabar Kedaulatan Rakyat sebagai surat kabar daerah yangmasih survive dan masih leading sampai saat ini.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan dalam level mikro yaitu ada perbedaan framepemberitaan harian Kompas, harian Jurnal Nasional dan harian Kedaulatan Rakyat mengenaiIsu Otonomi Daerah. Pada analisis pada level meso media terlihat faktor kepemilikan dan modalmasih cukup kuat dalam mempengaruhi frame media yang diteliti.Analisis level makro dapat dibagi menjadi dua. Pada harian Jurnal Nasional analisa yanglebih tepat adalah menggunakan pendekatan analisis instrumentalis atau strukturalis daripadastrukturasi karena pada harian Jurnal Nasional struktur organisasi media terlihat mengikat erathuman agent. Tidak terlalu cukup ruang bagi agen melakukan interplay terhadap struktur. Lainhalnya dengan harian Kompas dan harian Kedaulatan Rakyat, yang dapat dibedah dengananalisis strukturasi.Dalam proses strukturasi dari tiga media yang diteliti, terlihat dua media yaitu harianKompas dan harian Kedaulatan Rakyat mampu merubah struktur dari sentralistik kedesentralistik untuk isu Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Langsung dan Keistimewaan Yogyakarta,meskipun harus diakui bahwa media bukan satu-satunya faktor yang diterminan dalamperubahan struktur tersebut. Namun tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa isi dari teks media dalam duaisu tersebut memberikan kontribusi kepada eskalasi tekanan atau adanya akumulasi-akumulasitekanan terhadap penguasa;

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ABSTRACTAfter the New Order government fell, news on regional autonomy appeared everywhere.Mass media which rarely reported regional autonomy issues during the New Order now reportedthe issues all the time. Various news emerged, some positive and others negative. A battle ofdiscourse of regional autonomy issues appeared in the mass media .This research was started by curiosity on various news on regional autonomy in massmedia and how mass media constructs the reality of regional autonomy issues. Until now,researches on regional autonomy issues are mostly performed by researchers from politicalscience, government science, public administration, and legal science. Studies by researchersfrom the fields above mostly discuss the implementation of regional autonomy policy. Studies onregional autonomy issue using communication science perspective are still rare, while the role ofmass media according to Severin-Tankard (2007:15) is actually to form public opinions.Observers of constructionism such as Tuchman (1978), Fisman (1980), and Shoemaker (1996)think that news broadcasted by mass media can make people have a certain point of view andconstruct a reality of an issue in the society, including regional autonomy issues.The research in this dissertation used interpretive perspective. This perspective wasselected because according to Neuman (2006) social construction theory is a field in interpretiveperspective. To dissect texts, this study used framing text analysis. The model used was Robert NEntman's framing. Entman's model of framing was selected because in Entman's concept framingcan be used to describe the selection process of an issue and emphasize certain aspects of areality by the media. Four elements of Entman's model of framing are first, Define Problemwhich is the master frame, second, Diagnose Causes in the second element the emphasize is whois the main actors in an event, third, Make Moral Judgment is an element used to makejustification by giving various argumentation in the definitions of the problems which have beenmade, fourth, Treatment Recommendation is an element used to see what reporters want, whatmethod will be chosen to solve a problem.In this dissertation, there are 3 media which were studied, i.e. Kompas newspaper, JurnalNasional newspaper, Kedaulatan Rakyat newspaper. The three newspapers selected havedifferent orientations, i.e. first, Kompas as a famous national newspaper with huge readership second Jurnal Nasional as a newspaper with a history with the Democratic Party, thirdKedaulatan Rakyat as a local news paper which still survive and leads to this day.The result of this study showed that at micro level there was frame difference in thereporting of Kompas, Jurnal Nasional and Kedaulatan Rakyat on Regional Autonomy Issues.Analysis at meso level showed that ownership and capital factors were still rather strong ininfluencing the frames of the studied media.Analysis at macro level could be divided into two. In Jurnal Nasional, more accurateanalysis used instrumentalist or structuralist analysis approach rather that structuration becausein Jurnal Nasional the structure of media organization seemed to tightly bind human agents.Theer wasn't enough space for agents to perform interplay on the structure. Meanwhile, Kompasand Kedaulatan Rakyat could be dissected by structuration analysis.In the structuration process of the three media, two media, Kompas and KedaulatanRakyat, were able to change the structure from centralistic to decentralistic for Direct RegionalHead Election and the Special Region Status of Yogyakarta, although the author admits that themedia isn't the only determinant factor in changing the structure. However, it's undeniable thatthe content of media texts in those two issues contributed to the escalation of pressure oraccumulation of pressure on the authority;After the New Order government fell, news on regional autonomy appeared everywhere.Mass media which rarely reported regional autonomy issues during the New Order now reportedthe issues all the time. Various news emerged, some positive and others negative. A battle ofdiscourse of regional autonomy issues appeared in the mass media .This research was started by curiosity on various news on regional autonomy in massmedia and how mass media constructs the reality of regional autonomy issues. Until now,researches on regional autonomy issues are mostly performed by researchers from politicalscience, government science, public administration, and legal science. Studies by researchersfrom the fields above mostly discuss the implementation of regional autonomy policy. Studies onregional autonomy issue using communication science perspective are still rare, while the role ofmass media according to Severin-Tankard (2007:15) is actually to form public opinions.Observers of constructionism such as Tuchman (1978), Fisman (1980), and Shoemaker (1996)think that news broadcasted by mass media can make people have a certain point of view andconstruct a reality of an issue in the society, including regional autonomy issues.The research in this dissertation used interpretive perspective. This perspective wasselected because according to Neuman (2006) social construction theory is a field in interpretiveperspective. To dissect texts, this study used framing text analysis. The model used was Robert NEntman's framing. Entman's model of framing was selected because in Entman's concept framingcan be used to describe the selection process of an issue and emphasize certain aspects of areality by the media. Four elements of Entman's model of framing are first, Define Problemwhich is the master frame, second, Diagnose Causes in the second element the emphasize is whois the main actors in an event, third, Make Moral Judgment is an element used to makejustification by giving various argumentation in the definitions of the problems which have beenmade, fourth, Treatment Recommendation is an element used to see what reporters want, whatmethod will be chosen to solve a problem.In this dissertation, there are 3 media which were studied, i.e. Kompas newspaper, JurnalNasional newspaper, Kedaulatan Rakyat newspaper. The three newspapers selected havedifferent orientations, i.e. first, Kompas as a famous national newspaper with huge readership second Jurnal Nasional as a newspaper with a history with the Democratic Party, thirdKedaulatan Rakyat as a local news paper which still survive and leads to this day.The result of this study showed that at micro level there was frame difference in thereporting of Kompas, Jurnal Nasional and Kedaulatan Rakyat on Regional Autonomy Issues.Analysis at meso level showed that ownership and capital factors were still rather strong ininfluencing the frames of the studied media.Analysis at macro level could be divided into two. In Jurnal Nasional, more accurateanalysis used instrumentalist or structuralist analysis approach rather that structuration becausein Jurnal Nasional the structure of media organization seemed to tightly bind human agents.Theer wasn't enough space for agents to perform interplay on the structure. Meanwhile, Kompasand Kedaulatan Rakyat could be dissected by structuration analysis.In the structuration process of the three media, two media, Kompas and KedaulatanRakyat, were able to change the structure from centralistic to decentralistic for Direct RegionalHead Election and the Special Region Status of Yogyakarta, although the author admits that themedia isn't the only determinant factor in changing the structure. However, it's undeniable thatthe content of media texts in those two issues contributed to the escalation of pressure oraccumulation of pressure on the authority, After the New Order government fell, news on regional autonomy appeared everywhere.Mass media which rarely reported regional autonomy issues during the New Order now reportedthe issues all the time. Various news emerged, some positive and others negative. A battle ofdiscourse of regional autonomy issues appeared in the mass media .This research was started by curiosity on various news on regional autonomy in massmedia and how mass media constructs the reality of regional autonomy issues. Until now,researches on regional autonomy issues are mostly performed by researchers from politicalscience, government science, public administration, and legal science. Studies by researchersfrom the fields above mostly discuss the implementation of regional autonomy policy. Studies onregional autonomy issue using communication science perspective are still rare, while the role ofmass media according to Severin-Tankard (2007:15) is actually to form public opinions.Observers of constructionism such as Tuchman (1978), Fisman (1980), and Shoemaker (1996)think that news broadcasted by mass media can make people have a certain point of view andconstruct a reality of an issue in the society, including regional autonomy issues.The research in this dissertation used interpretive perspective. This perspective wasselected because according to Neuman (2006) social construction theory is a field in interpretiveperspective. To dissect texts, this study used framing text analysis. The model used was Robert NEntman's framing. Entman's model of framing was selected because in Entman's concept framingcan be used to describe the selection process of an issue and emphasize certain aspects of areality by the media. Four elements of Entman's model of framing are first, Define Problemwhich is the master frame, second, Diagnose Causes in the second element the emphasize is whois the main actors in an event, third, Make Moral Judgment is an element used to makejustification by giving various argumentation in the definitions of the problems which have beenmade, fourth, Treatment Recommendation is an element used to see what reporters want, whatmethod will be chosen to solve a problem.In this dissertation, there are 3 media which were studied, i.e. Kompas newspaper, JurnalNasional newspaper, Kedaulatan Rakyat newspaper. The three newspapers selected havedifferent orientations, i.e. first, Kompas as a famous national newspaper with huge readership second Jurnal Nasional as a newspaper with a history with the Democratic Party, thirdKedaulatan Rakyat as a local news paper which still survive and leads to this day.The result of this study showed that at micro level there was frame difference in thereporting of Kompas, Jurnal Nasional and Kedaulatan Rakyat on Regional Autonomy Issues.Analysis at meso level showed that ownership and capital factors were still rather strong ininfluencing the frames of the studied media.Analysis at macro level could be divided into two. In Jurnal Nasional, more accurateanalysis used instrumentalist or structuralist analysis approach rather that structuration becausein Jurnal Nasional the structure of media organization seemed to tightly bind human agents.Theer wasn't enough space for agents to perform interplay on the structure. Meanwhile, Kompasand Kedaulatan Rakyat could be dissected by structuration analysis.In the structuration process of the three media, two media, Kompas and KedaulatanRakyat, were able to change the structure from centralistic to decentralistic for Direct RegionalHead Election and the Special Region Status of Yogyakarta, although the author admits that themedia isn't the only determinant factor in changing the structure. However, it's undeniable thatthe content of media texts in those two issues contributed to the escalation of pressure oraccumulation of pressure on the authority]"

"Skripsi ini membahas pembingkaian Republika online mengenai strategi kuota 30 pencalonan perempuan untuk meningkatkan keterwakilan perempuan di legislatif, pada pemilu legislatif di tahun 2009 dan 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis framing dan pendekatan kualitatif dalam menganalisa mengenai bagaimana strategi kuota 30 keterwakilan perempuan pada pemilu legislatif tahun 2009 dan 2014 diberitakan oleh Republika. Hasil analisis framing terhadap berita di Republika online menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan keterwakilan perempuan sangat penting, namun masih terdapat beberapa hambatan. Permasalahan yang dihadapi untuk mewujudkan keberhasilan strategi kuota 30 pencalonan perempuan tersebut adalah sistem pemilu, kebijakan partai politik, dan pandangan mengenai kualitas calon anggota legislatif perempuan.

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This undergraduate thesis analyzes the framing of Republika online about 30 quota strategy of women candidacy to increase women representation in Parliament during legislative elections in 2009 and 2014. This research used framing analysis method and qualitative approach to analyzed how the 30 quota strategy of women representation reported by Republika online. The frame of Republika online shows that increasing women representation is very important, but there are still some problems may occur. The obstacles to achieve the goals of 30 quota strategy are the electoral system, political parties policy, and the perspective about the quality of women candidates."

"ABSTRAKTesis ini memberikan penjelasan dan pemahaman mengenai bagaimana peran media massa dewasa ini dalam kaitannya dengan politik kekuasaan dan hubungan antar negara. Lebih spesifik lagi penelitian ini menyoroti praktik penggunaan gray propaganda melalui media massa. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian kualitatif dengan paradigma kritis. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis wacana kritis Norman Fairclough sebagai metode penelitiannya. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa film Innocence of Muslims yang menghebohkan dunia pada bulan September 2012 termasuk dalam kategori gray propaganda karena memuat berbagai penghinaan dan kebohongan tentang Islam. Penggabungan antara elemen propaganda abu-abu dan banyaknya inkonsistensi yang ditemukan kemudian membangkitkan nuansa politis yang melatarbelakangi pembuatan film tersebut. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah unsur propaganda dalam film Innocence of Muslims adalah suatu kesengajaan yang telah direncanakan secara matang oleh pihak-pihak tertentu

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ABSTRACTThe objective of this research is to explain media use in the 21st century with regards to power politics and international relations. To be specific, the research casts a light on how gray propaganda campaign is being carried through the mass media. This qualitative research uses a critical paradigm. It also employs Norman Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis as its main research strategy. The research shows that the Innocence of Muslims film that created a wave of demonstrations in the Islamic world in September 2012 is part of a gray propaganda campaign to deceive a target. The gray propaganda elements and various inconsistencies found also undoubtedly contributed to a rise in suspicion of the political motive behind the film’s production and release. The research concludes that the propagandic nature of the Innocence of Muslims film was intentional and had been well prepared by an unknown actor."