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"ABSTRAKGula darah tidak terkontrol dan neuropati pada kaki adalah masalah kesehatan yang muncul pada lansia diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2). Upaya pengontrolan masalah pada lansia DMT2 dapat dilakukan dengan kegiatan manajemen pengontrolan gula darah dan kesehatan kaki. Latihan kaki menggunakan bola tenis diberikan pada lansia DMT2 dalam keluarga dan Manajemen Pengendalian Diabetes Melitus (MAPAN DM) diberikan kepada kelompok lansia DMT2 sebanyak 58 orang, intervensi diberikan selama 30-60 menit per sesi sebanyak 12 sesi. Hasil implementasi dalam asuhan keperawatan keluarga dan kelompok, didapatkan penurunan rerata nilai gula darah sebanyak 5,1% dan neuropati pada kaki 41,7%. MAPAN DM berpengaruh terhadap penurunan gula darah (p value<0,05) dan neuropati pada kaki (p value < 0,05). Latihan kaki menggunakan bola tenis berpengaruh terhadap penurunan gula darah dan neuropati pada kaki. Latihan kaki dan Manajemen diri disarankan untuk dilakukan sebagai upaya pengontrolan gula darah dan mencegah komplikasi penyakit pada lansia DMT2.

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ABSTRACTUncontrolled blood sugar and foot neuropathy are health problems that arise in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2). Efforts to control the problem in elderly DMT2 can be done with activities to control blood sugar and foot health. Foot exercises using tennis balls were given to elderly DMT2 in the family and Manajemen Pengendalian Diabetes Melitus (MAPAN DM) was given to a group of elderly DMT2 58 people were selected, intervention was given for 30-60 minutes per session as many as 12 sessions. The results of the implementation in family and elderly group, obtained a mean change in blood sugar values ​​of 5.1% and foot neuropathy 41.7%. MAPAN DM influences the decrease in blood sugar (p value <0.05) and neuropathy in the foot (p value <0.05). Foot exercises using tennis balls affect the decrease in blood sugar and neuropathy in the legs. Foot exercises and self-management are recommended to be done as an effort to control blood sugar and disease complications prevention in DMT2 elderly."

"Penatalaksanaan DM memiliki hubungan erat dengan kadar gula darah diabetisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan penatalaksanaan DM dengan kadar gula darah lansia diabetisi. Disain penelitian menggunakan pendekatan crossectional study. Penelitian dilakukan pada 49 orang lansia di kelurahan Cisalak Pasar. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara diit dengan kadar gula darah (p value: 0,035), tidak ada hubungan antara latihan fisik dengan kadar gula darah (p value: 0,246), ada hubungan antara minum obat dengan kadar gula darah (p value: 0,011) dan ada hubungan antara pengendalian stres dengan kadar gula darah (p value: 0,007). Analisis multivariat menyimpulkan bahwa elemen penatalaksanaan DM yang dominan adalah minum obat (OR 10,7).

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Diabetes Mellitus management has close correlation with blood sugar level of Diabetes patient. The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between Diabetes Mellitus Management with Blood Sugar Level on Elderly with DM. This is descriptive cross-sectional study, where recruiting 49 elderly people from Cisalak Pasar area. The result shows that there is significant correlation between diet (p value: 0,035), take medication (p value: 0,011), stress management (p value: 0,007) with blood sugar level but no significant correlation between physical exercise (p value: 0,246) with blood sugar level. Multivariate analysis result shows that taking medication is the most predominant element in diabetes management (OR 10,7)."

"Lansia dengan diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan kelompok rentan akibat berbagai faktor risiko sehingga perlu perhatian khusus meliputi pencegahan dan penanganannya. Karya ilmiah akhir ini menggambarkan program Lansia Sehat dengan Diabetes Mellitus (LANSET DM) sebagai strategi intervensi untuk pelayanan dan asuhan keperawatan komunitas dalam pengendalian DM melalui penerapan teori manajemen, community as patner, family entered nursing, preceed-proceed model dan teori konsekuensi fungsional di Kelurahan Cisalak Pasar. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, penyebaran angket pada 106 responden dengan total sampling. Bentuk intervensi dilaksanakan melalui: terapi komplementer, terapi modalitas, terapi keluarga, coaching, guidance, konseling dan pendidikan kesehatan pada kelompok swabantu maupun kelompok pendukung selama 8 bulan. Hasil kegiatan didapatkan 47,2% penurunan kadar gula darah. Kesimpulannya, program ini efektif dan aplikatif digunakan dalam pengelolaan pelayanan dan asuhan keperawatan lansia dengan DM. Penulis merekomendasikan perlunya perawat komunitas mengembangkan program dan terlibat aktif dalam pencegahan primer, sekunder serta tersier pengendalian DM terutama di Kota Depok.

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Elderly with diabetes mellitus (DM) are a vulnerable population due to multiple risks factors that need special attention in terms of prevention and treatment. This final scientific papers describing Lansia Sehat dengan Diabetes Mellitus (LANSET DM) program as an intervention strategy to give service and community nursing care to control DM through the application of management theory, community as a partner, family entered nursing, preceed - proceed model and the theory of functional consequences in Kelurahan Cisalak Pasar.

Data were collected by interview, observations, questionnaires to 106 respondents with a total sampling. Intervention strategies implemented through: complementary therapies, therapy modalities, family therapy, coaching, guidance, counseling and health education to self-help groups and support groups for 8 months.

The result show a significant changes in 47,2 % decreasing of blood sugar levels. The conclusion, LANSET DM is effective and applicable to be used in the management of service and nursing care for elderly with DM in terms of prevention, health promotion, and controlling Diabetes. I recommend that the need for community nurse to develop the program and actively involved in primary, secondary and tertiary prevention in controlling DM especially in Depok."

"Pendahuluan: Diabetes Melitus (DM) adalah salah satu penyakit tidak menular (PTM) dengan jumlah populasi tertinggi di Indonesia dan penyebab kematian tertinggi keenam di Indonesia. Dampak dari DM memberikan kerugian kesehatan dari tahun ke tahun, sehingga perlu penanganan yang serius maka dikembangkan inovasi Diet, Senam Kaki dan Relaksasi Benson (DEKADEE). Tujuan: Memberi gambaran tentang pengaruh Intervensi Keperawatan DEKADEE terhadap pengendalian Kadar gula darah pada lansia diabetisi. Metode: Studi kasus keluarga dengan pendekatan asuhan keperawatan keluarga yang melibatkan 10 keluarga sesuai praktik berbasis fakta dan inovasi dalam asuhan keperawatan komunitas pada 44 lansia. Inovasi DEKADEE terdiri 9 sesi selama 14 kali pertemuan. Data sebelum dan sesudah intervensi diukur menggunakan alat pemeriksaan gula darah, perilaku (pengetahuan sikap dan keterampilan), kemandirian, kadar gula darah. Hasil: Adanya peningkatan perilaku pada keluarga meliputi rerata sebesar 3.95%, sikap rerata sebesar 2.53%, keterampilan rerata sebesar 3.66% dan tingkat kemandirian rerata 2 tingkat sebesar 80% dan 3 tingkat rerata sebesar 20% serta penurunan kadar gula darah 61.045 mg/dl. Hasil Uji T dengan nilai rerata signifikan 0,000 (p<0,05). Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh Inovasi DEKADEE terhadap pengetahuan, sikap, keterampilan serta adanya pengaruh yang signifikan intervensi DEKADEE pada penurunan kadar gula darah sewaktu di Kelurahan Jatijajar Kota Depok.

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Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the non-communicable diseases (PTM) with the highest population in Indonesia and the sixth highest cause of death in Indonesia. The impact of DM causes health losses from year to year, so it needs serious treatment, so the Benson Diet, Foot Exercise and Relaxation (DEKADEE) innovation was developed.

Objective: To provide an overview of the effect of DEKADEE Nursing Intervention on controlling blood sugar levels in elderly people with diabetes.

Methods: A family case study with a family nursing care approach involving 10 families according to fact-based practices and innovations in community nursing care for 44 elderly people. DEKADEE's innovation consists of 9 sessions of 14 meetings. Data before and after the intervention were measured using blood sugar checkers, behavior (knowledge, attitudes and skills), independence, and blood sugar levels.

Results: There was an increase in family behavior including an average of 3.95%, an average attitude of 2.53%, an average skill of 3.66% and an average level of independence of 2 levels of 80% and 3 levels of an average of 20% and a decrease in blood sugar levels of 61,045 mg/dl. T test results with a significant mean value of 0.000 (p <0.05).

Conclusion: There is an effect of DEKADEE's innovation on knowledge, attitudes, skills and a significant effect of DEKADEE's intervention on reducing blood sugar levels while in Jatijajar Village, Depok City."

"Proses penuaan berdampak pada penurunan fungsi tubuh dan menyebabkan adanya perubahan peran dalam kehidupan lansia serta berakibat memunculkan masalah psikososial. Tingkat stres karena persaingan hidup dan masih bekerja dihari tua menyebabkan lansia di perkotaan rentan mengalami penyakit hipertensi. Laporan kasus ini dibuat untuk menggambarkan hasil asuhan keperawatan pada lansia hipertensi dengan intervensi keperawatan menggunakan terapi rendam kaki dan aromaterapi. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah terjadi penurunan terkanan darah selama proses intervensi dilakukan. Intervensi rendam kaki dan aromaterapi dapat dipilih sebagai salah satu intervensi unggulan untuk mengontrol hipertensi pada lansia karena terbukti efektif menurunkan tekanan darah.

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The aging process has an impact on the decrease in body function and causes changes in the role of life in the elderly and results in psychosocial problems. The level of stress due to competitive life and still working in the old days causes the elderly in urban areas to be prone to hypertension. The purpose of this case report is to describe the results of nursing care in elderly with hypertension with nursing intervention using foot bath and aromatherapy. The results obtained were decreased blood levels during the intervention process. Foot bath and lavender aromatherapy interventions can be chosen as one of interventions to control hypertension in family with elderly and effective in lowering blood pressure."

"[ABSTRAKKerentanan lansia terhadap masalah kesehatan seperti diabetes mellitus meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya usia. Karya Ilmiah Akhir ini mengintegrasikan teori manajemen pelayanan keperawatan dan tiga model keperawatan yaitu Community as Partner, Family Centred Nursing dan Functional Consequencies. Asuhan keperawatan diberikan pada 32 lansia diabetisi di kelurahan Sukamaju Baru selama 9 bulan. Intervensi inovasi yang dikembangkan adalah booklet DM yang didasari pada program CERDIIK Kemenkes RI, Diabetes Self Management Education (DMSE) dan empat pilar penatalaksanaan DM. Hasil intervensi yang dilakukan menunjukkan adanya perubahan perilaku lansia diabetisi, kelompok pendukung dan sebaya dalam melakukan penatalaksanaan DM. Penurunan rata-rata kadar gula darah lansia kelompok sebaya sebesar 101,5 poin. Penggunaan booklet DM efektif dalam mengontrol kadar gula darah lansia diabetisi dengan wadah kelompok sebaya dan dukungan kader kelompok pendukung. program ini diharapkan dapat diteruskan dengan peningkatan keterlibatan keluarga, kader dan tenaga kesehatan.

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ABSTRACTThe vulnerability of the elderly to health problems such as diabetes mellitus increases with age. This final internship report integrated nursing service management theory with three nursing models, which are Community as Partner, Family Centred Nursing dan Functional Consequencies. A nursing care was provided to 32 elderly with diabetic at district Sukamaju Baru for 9 months. An innovative intervention was developed that was DM booklet based on CERDIIK program from Ministry of Health Indonesia, Diabetes Self Management Education (DMSE) and the four pillars of DM management of care. Result of intervention showed changes of healthy behavior from elderly with DM, support group dan peer group in providing DM care management. There was a reduce of elderly blood glucose level in average about 101,5 poin. The DM booklet usage was effective in controlling blood glucose level of elderly with DM who actively involved in peer group and support group of community workers. This program was expected to be sustained and get more family involvement, as well as involvement from community workers and health workers. , The vulnerability of the elderly to health problems such as diabetes mellitus increases with age. This final internship report integrated nursing service management theory with three nursing models, which are Community as Partner, Family Centred Nursing dan Functional Consequencies. A nursing care was provided to 32 elderly with diabetic at district Sukamaju Baru for 9 months. An innovative intervention was developed that was DM booklet based on CERDIIK program from Ministry of Health Indonesia, Diabetes Self Management Education (DMSE) and the four pillars of DM management of care. Result of intervention showed changes of healthy behavior from elderly with DM, support group dan peer group in providing DM care management. There was a reduce of elderly blood glucose level in average about 101,5 poin. The DM booklet usage was effective in controlling blood glucose level of elderly with DM who actively involved in peer group and support group of community workers. This program was expected to be sustained and get more family involvement, as well as involvement from community workers and health workers. ]"

"ABSTRAKMasalah kesehatan masyarakat perkotaan erat kaitannya dengan gaya hidup yang tidak sehat. Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan salah satu penyakit kronis yang rentan terjadi di masyarakat perkotaan pada kelompok usia lansia. DM bila tidak diatasi dapat menimbulkan komplikasi ulkus diabetikum. Karya Ilmiah Akhir Ners ini berfokus pada pasien DM lansia dengan masalah keperawatan perilaku kesehatan cenderung berisiko pada keluarga. Intervensi yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah keperawatan pada keluarga yaitu dengan intervensi foot massage untuk mencegah terjadinya ulkus diabetikum. Foot massage dapat mengembalikan sensasi kaki terbukti dari hasil pre-test dan post-test menggunakan monofilament. Dengan kunjungan rumah selama tujuh kali, foot massage yang rutin dilakukan dengan teknik dan durasi yang tepat yaitu selama 15 sampai 30 menit sebanyak minimal sekali dalam seminggu selama sebulan dapat meningkatkan sensitivitas kaki pada pasien DM lansia. Perawatan kaki dengan foot massage dapat meningkatkan peredaran darah kaki pasien DM ditunjukan dengan meningkatnya sensitivitas pada kaki dan secara langsung dapat mencegah terjadinya ulkus diabetikum.

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ABSTRACT

Health problems in urban communities are closely related to unhealthy lifestyles. Diabetes mellitus is one of the chronic diseases that prone to occur in urban elderly communities. Diabetes if not treated can cause complications such as diabetic ulcer. This Final Scientific Work focusing on elderly diabetic patients with risk-prone health behavior. Interventions are carried out to overcome nursing problems in the family, namely with foot massage intervention to prevent the occurrence of diabetic ulcers. Foot massage can restore foot sensation as evidenced by the results of the pre-test and post-test using monofilament. With a seven-time home visit, routine foot massage done with the right technique and duration of 15 to 30 minutes at least once a week for a month can increase foot sensitivity in diabetic patients. Foot care with foot massage can increase the blood circulation of the foot of diabetic patients as indicated by increased foot sensitivity and can directly prevent the occurrence of diabetic ulcers.

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"ABSTRAKDepresi merupakan masalah kesehatan jiwa yang mempengaruhi spiritual lansia. Spiritual menjadi kebutuhan penting pada lansia dengan depresi sehingga penanganan intervensi keperawatan dengan pendekatan spiritual perlu diterapkan dalam menurunkan tingkat depresi lansia. Intervensi keperawatan SILANSIA (spiritual bagi lansia) digunakan sebagai usaha penanganan dalam menurunkan tingkat depresi lansia pada individu, keluarga dan masyarakat. Intervensi SILANSIA diimplementasikan kepada lansia depresi sebanyak 106 orang diberikan selama 30 menit per sesi sebanyak 8 sesi. Kriteria inklusi adalah: berusia 60 tahun ke atas, memiliki tingkat depresi ringan dan sedang, tidak mengalami gangguan kognitif dan pendengaran. Hasil implementasi kepada keluarga dan kelompok didapatkan rerata nilai depresi lansia adalah 4,79 sebelum intervensi menjadi 2,48 sesudah intervensi. Artinya rerata nilai depresi lansia mengalami penurunan sebanyak 2,31. Hasil uji independent t test didapatkan nilai p value <0,05. Intervensi SILANSIA (Spiritualitas lansia) berpengaruh terhadap penurunan tingkat depresi lansia di kelurahan Cisalak Pasar. Intervensi SILANSIA dapat digunakan sebagai pilihan intervensi keperawatan dan direkomendasikan agar diterapkan pada individu, kelompok dan masyarakat sebagai intervensi dalam menangani masalah depresi lansia di komunitas.

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ABSTRACTDepression is a mental health problem that affects the spiritual elderly. Spiritual is a vital need for the elderly with depression so that the handling of spiritual intervention nursing approaches needs to be applied for the decrease depression level. An effort to reduce the level of depression in the elderly used SILANSIA nursing intervention (spiritual for the elderly). SILANSIA intervention was implemented for 106 depressed older adults, and the intervention was given for 30 minutes per session as many as eight sessions. Inclusion criteria are: 60 years and over, have mild and moderate levels of depression, do not have cognitive and hearing impairment. The results of the implementation of the family and group obtained the average depression value of the elderly was 4.79 before the intervention to 2.48 after the intervention, meaning that the average depression value of the elderly decreased by 2.31. The results of the independent t-test found that the p-value <0.005 means that there is the effectiveness of the SILANSIA intervention (the elderly s spirituality) the level of depression of the elderly in the Cisalak Pasar village. The SILANSIA intervention program can be applied as a choice of nursing interventions. It would be a recommendation for an individual, group and community in dealing with elderly depression."

"Diabetes melitus merupakan suatu penyakit kronis dimana kadar gula dalam darah tinggi (> 200 mg/dL). Salah satu faktor risiko diabetes melitus adalah gaya hidup tidak sehat yang banyak ditemukan pada masyarakat perkotaan, seperti pola makan tidak baik dan jarang berolahraga. Diabetes melitus yang tidak terkontrol akan menyebabkan komplikasi ke organ-organ tubuh lainnya seperti jantung, ginjal, bahkan mengenai saraf. Karya ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan pelaksanaan intervensi latihan senam kaki diabetik pada klien diabetes. Pemberian intervensi senam kaki menunjukkan telapak kaki lebih sensitif, lebih nyaman dan gula darah stabil setelah 6 minggu. Perawat keluarga diharapkan dapat mengembangkan program olahraga yang sesuai dengan kondisi klien sebagai salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan sensitivitas kaki dan mengontrol kadar gula darah.

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease where blood sugar levels are high (> 200 mg / dl). One of the risk factors for diabetes mellitus is an unhealthy lifestyle that is found in many urban communities, such as poor diet and rarely exercising. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus will cause complications to other organs such as the heart, kidneys and even nerves. This scientific work aims to describe the implementation of diabetic foot gymnastic training interventions for diabetic clients. Foot exercise interventions results client felt the soles of the feet were more sensitive, more comfortable and blood sugar is stable after 6 weeks. Thus, it is expected that family nurses develop a sports program that is in accordance with the clients condition as an effort to increase foot sensitivity and control blood sugar levels."

"Perubahan lifestyle kehidupan masyarakat perkotaan menimbulkan masalah diabetes melitus. Angka kejadian Diabetes melitus terus meningkat sehingga diperlukan suatu pencegahan untuk menurunkan angka tersebut. Untuk itu peran perawat komunitas dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan kepada keluarga sangatlah penting. Asuhan keperawatan keluarga yang diberikan menerapkan konsep family center nursing berdasarkan lima tugas umum kesehatan keluarga. Asuhan keperawatan keluarga bapak B dengan masalah ketidakefektifan manajemen kesehatan diri pada masalah Diabetes Mellitus (DM), perawat berperan sebagai edukator, care giver, dan pengawas. Intervensi keperawatan lebih difokuskan pada manajemen diet dengan DM. Tujuannya adalah kadar glukosa tetap stabil dan keluarga mampu merawat anggota secara mandiri. Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa keluarga mengalami perubahan pola makan secara perlahan dari sekali makan menjadi tiga kali dengan penurunan kadar glukosa dari 320 mg/dL menjadi 165 mg/dL. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengaturan makanan sangatlah penting bagi orang yang mengalami DM untuk menjaga kadar glukosa darah tetap stabil maka.

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Changing of lifestyle promotes the prevalence of diabetes mellitus disease. The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) had gradually increased each year. Preventing the incidence of diabetes melitus can be used in reducing this problem. The role of community nurse was absolutely important especially in providing the level of independence in residents.Family nursing care is adapting five general tasks of family health theory. Nurse was implementing Mr.B family with inneffective health management of Diabetes Mellitus. Nurse role was as an educator, care giver, and supervisors. Nursing implementation was focused on dietary management foccused with DM. The goal of this implementation is to keep the stability of glucose level. This implementation also used to enhance the independence of family health care management. Result shows that after implementation the family life stlye was changing slowly. Family showed better dietary habit. Glucose level decreased from 320 mg / dL to 165 mg / dL. It can be concluded that dietary management was very important for people with diabetes. This was helpful for keeping the stability of blood glucose level."