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"Kurang gizi adalah masalah kesehatan masyarakat pada baduta di Sulawesi Tengah. Kejadian kurang gizi dapat memberikan dampak morbiditas, mortalitas, dan disabilitas. Kurang gizi dapat terjadi karena berbagai faktor seperti kurangnya asupan makanan, buruknya sanitasi lingkungan, dan rumah tangga tidak tahan pangan. Asupan makanan dapat menurun drastis pada kejadian seperti bencana alam dan konflik sosial dan mampu mempengaruhi status gizi anak. Untuk melihat perbedaan proporsi kejadian underweight berdasarkan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga, dilakukan penelitian cross-sectional pada anak 6-23 bulan di wilayah terdampak bencana alam berupa gempa bumi, tsunami, dan likuifaksi di Kota Palu. Hasil analisis dengan uji chi-square menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna status gizi baduta berdasarkan jenis kelamin anak (p value = 0.019; OR=3.750) dan berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan ibu (p value = 0.033; OR=2.804). Usia anak, besar rumah tangga, pekerjaan ibu, pendapatan per kapita rumah tangga, persentase pengeluaran pangan, jenis tempat tinggal, dan praktik pemberian makan pada anak merupakan faktor risiko yang penting pada kejadian underweight dalam penelitian ini, serta dapat digunakan untuk mengevaluasi program gizi dan kesehatan di Kota Palu. 

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Malnutrition is a public health problem in children under two years old in Central Sulawesi. Malnutrition can cause morbidity, mortality and disability. It can occur due to various factors such as lack of food intake, poor environmental sanitation, and household level food insecurity. Food intake can drop dramatically in events such as natural disasters and social conflicts and can affect children's nutritional status. To see the difference in the proportion of underweight events based on household food security, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 6-23 months children in the affected area affected of natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis and liquefaction in Palu. The results of chi-square test showed that there were significant differences in nutritional status based on the sex of the child (p value = 0.019; OR = 3.750) and based on the education level of the mother (p value = 0.033; OR = 2.804). Childrens age, household size, mothers occupation, household per capita income, percentage of food expenditure, type of residence, and children feeding practice are important risk factors for underweight events in this study therefore it can be used to evaluate health and nutrition programs in Palu."

"Anak-anak usia sekolah cenderung mengonsumsi makanan tinggi lemak dan rendah serat termasuk sayur. Rendahnya konsumsi sayur pada periode ini dalam jangka pendek dapat menyebabkan kerusakan sel, lemahnya imunitas tubuh, ISPA, dan masalah pencernaan sedangkan dampak jangka panjangnya dapat meningkatkan risiko terkena penyakit kronis seperti penyakit jantung koroner, COPD, stroke, kardiovaskular, dan kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan proporsi konsumsi sayur anak usia 10-11 tahun berdasarkan food neophobia dan faktor lainnya di SDN Polisi 1 Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 142 responden. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengisian kuesioner serta formulir food record 2x24 jam oleh responden. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hanya 18,3% responden yang mengonsumsi sayur setiap hari dan rata-rata konsumsi sayur responden hanya 33,75 gram per hari. Analisis statistik menunjukkan adanya perbedaan proporsi konsumsi sayur yang bermakna berdasarkan faktor kesukaan, keyakinan diri, hambatan, dan preferensi sayur. Edukasi mengenai pentingnya konsumsi sayur perlu diberikan kepada anak usia sekolah serta orang tuanya untuk mencapai anjuran konsumsi sayur yang direkomendasikan.

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School aged children tend to eat high-fat and low fiber foods, also low vegetable intake. Low vegetable consumption in this period cause cell damage, low imunity system, URI, and inflammatory bowel disease, besides long term effect can cause heart disease, COPD, stroke, CVD, and cancer. The study aims to determine the proportional differences of vegetable consumption in 10-11 years old children based on food neophobia and the other factos at Polisi 1 Public Elementary School in Bogor City. This quantitative study uses cross sectional design with 142 respondents. Data were collected through self-registered questionnaire and 2x24 hours food record form and analysed using chi-square test. The result showed that there were only 18,3% respondents who eat vegetables daily and only 33,75 gram vegetables consumed each day. Statistical analysis also showed a significant vegetable consumption differences based on liking, self efficacy, perceived barrier, and vegetable preferences. Nutrition education is needed for school aged children and their parents to reach daily vegetable recommendation intake."

"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tingkat dan karakteristik ketahanan pangan rumah tangga serta mengidentifikasi faktor determinan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Identifikasi faktor determinan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu referensi dalam pengambilan kebijakan untuk mengatasi masalah kerawanan pangan yang lebih terarah dan tepat sasaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Susenas 2012. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data dianalisis dalam dua tahap yaitu analisis deskriptif dan metode statistik dengan menggunakan model Regresi Logistik Ordinal. Namun, sebelumnya dilakukan penghitungan tingkat ketahanan pangan menggunakan penghitungan derajat ketahanan pangan yang diukur berdasarkan klasifikasi silang antara ketercukupan kalori dan pangsa pengeluaran pangan dengan empat kategori yaitu tahan, rawan, kurang, dan rentan pangan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tingkat ketahanan pangan rumah tangga di Provinsi Jawa Tengah didominasi oleh kategori rentan pangan yang mencapai 37,20%, disusul oleh Tahan Pangan (32,60%), Kurang Pangan (16,70%), dan Rawan Pangan (13,5%). Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap ketahanan pangan rumah tangga di Provinsi Jawa Tengah yaitu jenis kelamin, umur, tingkat pendidikan terakhir yang ditamatkan, jenis lapangan kerja, dan status pernikahan kepala rumah tangga; daerah tempat tinggal; jumlah anggota rumah tangga; pengeluaran perkapita; pembelian raskin; dan kepemilikan aset produktif.

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ABSTRACTThis study aimed to analyze level and characteristics of household foodsecurity and to identify its determinants in Central Java. Identification ofhousehold food security determinants is expected to became one of references topolicy making in address focused and targeted food insecurity issues.This study is a quantitative research with cross sectional approach and useddata from The National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS) 2012 in its analysis.Data were analyzed in two stages i.e descriptive analysis and statistical methodsusing ordinal logistic regression model. But, previously performed calculation ofthe level of household food security using the degree of food security, is measuredby the cross-classification between calories adequacy and the share of foodexpenditure, with four level of categories wich are resistant, insecurity, less, andvulnerable,Results of analysis showed that household food security level in CentralJava province is dominated by food vulnerable (37.20%), food resistant (32,60%),less food (16,70%) and food insecurity (13,5%).Gender, age, education level attained last one, the type of employment; andhousehold marital status of head of household; area of residence; number ofhousehold members; expenditure per capita; Raskin acceptance; and ownership ofproductive assets are factors that affect the food security of household in CentralJava province, This study aimed to analyze level and characteristics of household foodsecurity and to identify its determinants in Central Java. Identification ofhousehold food security determinants is expected to became one of references topolicy making in address focused and targeted food insecurity issues.This study is a quantitative research with cross sectional approach and useddata from The National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS) 2012 in its analysis.Data were analyzed in two stages i.e descriptive analysis and statistical methodsusing ordinal logistic regression model. But, previously performed calculation ofthe level of household food security using the degree of food security, is measuredby the cross-classification between calories adequacy and the share of foodexpenditure, with four level of categories wich are resistant, insecurity, less, andvulnerable,Results of analysis showed that household food security level in CentralJava province is dominated by food vulnerable (37.20%), food resistant (32,60%),less food (16,70%) and food insecurity (13,5%).Gender, age, education level attained last one, the type of employment; andhousehold marital status of head of household; area of residence; number ofhousehold members; expenditure per capita; Raskin acceptance; and ownership ofproductive assets are factors that affect the food security of household in CentralJava province]"

"Gizi kurang merupakan penyebab sepertiga kematian pada anak. Beberapa tahun terakhir karena meningkatnya harga pangan dan menurunnya pendapatan telah meningkatkan resiko kekurangan gizi terutama dikalangan anak-anak. Penyebab utama masalah gizi kurang adalah kurangnya asupan makanan atau anak menderita infeksi. Sedangkan penyebab tak langsung adalah ketersediaan pangan, pola asuh anak, pelayanan kesehatan, sanitasi dan air bersih. Pada tahun 2009 di Kecamatan Teluk Sampit prevalensi gizi kurus sebesar 21,6%, lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan angka kabupaten yaitu 14,6%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik ibu, baduta dan keluarga dengan status gizi baduta (6-23 bulan) di Kecamatan Teluk Sampit, menggunakan metode penelitian non eksperimental dengan pengambilan data secara cross sectional. Pengambilan responden sebagai sampel secara simple random sampling.Hasil analisis univariat menunjukkan baduta dengan status gizi normal 84%, kurus 14% dan sangat kurus 2%. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pendidikan, pendapatan keluarga dan jumlah anggota keluarga dengan status gizi baduta. Pemberdayaan masyarakat perlu dilakukan di wilayah Kecamatan Teluk Sampit dengan mengembangkan sarana dan prasarana, meningkatkan pendapatan keluarga dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan, pelatihan manajemen usaha dan penyediaan lapangan kerja sehingga daya beli masyarakat terhadap pangan meningkat.

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Undernutrition is an underlying cause of about one third child deaths. Over the past year, rising food prices coupled with falling incomes have increased the risk of malnutrition, especially among children. The general cause of the problem malnutrition in the children are lack of food intake and infection. The indirect cause are the availability of food, child care patterns, health services, sanitation and cleaning water. In the year 2009 prevalence of wasted children in Teluk Sampit was 21.6%, higher when compared to East Kotawaringin district that are 14.6%. This study is aimed to determine the relationship between characteristic of mother, child under two years, and families with a nutritional status of under two years children (6-23 months) in Teluk Sampit sub district. Using non-experimental design where data were collected cross sectionally. Respondents were taken using simple random sampling.

Result showed that children under two years with good nutrient were 84%, wasted were 14% and severely wasted were 2%. Bivariate analysis of the finding showed that there was significant correlation between education, family income and family size with nutritional status. This study suggests that community empowerment needs to be done in Teluk Sampit through developing facilities and infrastructure for increasing family incomes by enhanching, their knowledge and skills, income generating, training and provide employment to increase food purchasing power."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor sosial demografi yang mempengaruhi pola permintaan pangan hewani (ikan, daging, unggas, telur dan susu) dan pengaruh perubahan harga dan pendapatan terhadap proporsi pengeluaran pangan hewani pada rumah tangga di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) tahun 2013 dengan melakukan analisis terhadap 13.018 sampel rumah tangga. Metode analisis adalah analisis deskriptif serta analisis ekonometrika menggunakan model Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) dengan penduga Iterated Linear Least Square (ILLS).Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi pangan hewani dipengaruhi oleh harga sendiri, harga komoditas lain, jumlah anggota rumah tangga, golongan pendapatan, wilayah tempat tinggal (perdesaan/ perkotaan), dan tingkat pendidikan kepala rumah tangga. Nilai elastisitas harga sendiri menunjukkan permintaan komoditas bersifat inelastis untuk ikan dan susu, sementara daging, unggas dan telur bersifat elastis. Berdasarkan nilai elastisitas harga silang, semua komoditi pangan hewani merupakan barang substitusi kecuali komoditi daging merupakan barang komplementer bagi unggas. Komoditi ikan dan telur termasuk barang normal sedangkan komoditi daging, unggas dan susu termasuk barang mewah.

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The study was conducted to determine the socio-demographic factors affecting animal-based food demand (fish, meat, poultry, eggs and dairy) and the effect of price fluctuation and household income to expenditure share of animal-based food in South Sulawesi Province. The primary data for the study was National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas) data in 2013. The study performed descriptive analysis and econometric analysis on 13.018 household samples. Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) models with Iterated Linear Least Square (ILLS) estimator was applied for the econometric analysis.The study showed demand pattern of animal-based household food was affected the price of animal-based food, the price of other commodities, number of household member, income class, residential area (urban/rural), and education level of the household head. The price elasticity of animal-based food showed inelastic for fish and dairy; whereas meat, poultry and egg were tended to be elastic. Based on the cross-price elasticity, all animal-based food commodities substituted each other except for meat which was complimentary to poultry. Fish and egg were categorized as necessity goods, as for meat, poultry and dairy are categorized as luxury goods."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor sosial demografi yangmempengaruhi pola permintaan pangan hewani (ikan, daging, unggas, telur dansusu) dan pengaruh perubahan harga dan pendapatan terhadap proporsipengeluaran pangan hewani pada rumah tangga di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Datayang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional(Susenas) tahun 2013 dengan melakukan analisis terhadap 13.018 sampel rumahtangga. Metode analisis adalah analisis deskriptif serta analisis ekonometrikamenggunakan model Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) denganpenduga Iterated Linear Least Square (ILLS). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwakonsumsi pangan hewani dipengaruhi oleh harga sendiri, harga komoditas lain,jumlah anggota rumah tangga, golongan pendapatan, wilayah tempat tinggal(perdesaan/ perkotaan), dan tingkat pendidikan kepala rumah tangga. Nilaielastisitas harga sendiri menunjukkan permintaan komoditas bersifat inelastisuntuk ikan dan susu, sementara daging, unggas dan telur bersifat elastis.Berdasarkan nilai elastisitas harga silang, semua komoditi pangan hewanimerupakan barang substitusi kecuali komoditi daging merupakan barangkomplementer bagi unggas. Komoditi ikan dan telur termasuk barang normalsedangkan komoditi daging, unggas dan susu termasuk barang mewah

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ABSTRACTThe study was conducted to determine the socio-demographic factors affectinganimal-based food demand (fish, meat, poultry, eggs and dairy) and the effect ofprice fluctuation and household income to expenditure share of animal-based foodin South Sulawesi Province. The primary data for the study was NationalSocioeconomic Survey (Susenas) data in 2013. The study performed descriptiveanalysis and econometric analysis on 13.018 household samples. QuadraticAlmost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) models with Iterated Linear LeastSquare (ILLS) estimator was applied for the econometric analysis. The studyshowed demand pattern of animal-based household food was affected the price ofanimal-based food, the price of other commodities, number of household member,income class, residential area (urban/rural), and education level of the householdhead. The price elasticity of animal-based food showed inelastic for fish anddairy; whereas meat, poultry and egg were tended to be elastic. Based on thecross-price elasticity, all animal-based food commodities substituted each otherexcept for meat which was complimentary to poultry. Fish and egg werecategorized as necessity goods, as for meat, poultry and dairy are categorized asluxury goods."

"Gempabumi Palu-Donggala-Sigi berkekuatan 7.4 Mw pada 28 September 2018 merusak infrastruktur di permukaan. Gempabumi juga mengakibatkan terjadinya fenomena tanah bergerak yang berperilaku seperti cairan, fenomena ini dinamakan likuifaksi. Selain merusak infrastruktur, likuifaksi juga mengakibatkan tanah mengalami pengurangan kekuatan dalam menahan beban di atas permukaan. Dalam mendeteksi potensi likuifaksi , penelitian ini memfokuskan pada Metode Gravitasi dan Cone Penetration Test (CPT). Pemrosesan data gravitasi dilakukan untuk mendapatkan nilai Gravity Disturbance dan Gradien Gravitasi yang telah terkoreksi udara bebas dan topografi. Pemrosesan data CPT dilakukan untuk mengetahui nilai cyclic stress ration (CRR) dan cyclic resistance ratio (CSR) yang digunakan dalam kalkulasi liquefaction potential index (LPI). Hasil analisis gradien gravitasi memberikan nilai anomali gravitasi rendah yang menggambarkan zona asperitas/lemah sebagai manifestasi dari gempabumi. Zona asperitas divalidasi oleh hasil inversi yang memberikan nilai kontras densitas minimum pada kedalaman yang dangkal. Hasil pengolahan data CPT memberikan informasi kekuatan tanah di 22 titik pengukuran. Saat terjadinya gempa berkekuatan lebih dari 6.0 Mw, potensi likuifaksi semakin meningkat di daerah Palu dan sekitarnya. Dengan nilai gradien gravitasi yang rendah dan nilai LPI > 5, maka area tersebut berada pada kategori tinggi potensi likuifaksi.

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The 7.4 Mw Palu-Donggala-Sigi earthquake damaged infrastructure on the surface at September 28, 2018. Earthquake also cause the phenomenon of moving soil that behaves like a liquid, this phenomenon is called liquefaction. In addition to damaging infrastructure, liquefaction also causes the soil to experience a reduction in strength to withstand the above loads. In detecting the potential for liquefaction, this study focuses on the Gravity Method and Cone Penetration Test (CPT). Gravity data processing is carried out to obtain Gravity Disturbance and Gravity Gradient values thaht have been corrected by free air and topography. CPT data processing is carried out to determine the value of cyclic stress ratio (CRR) and cyclic resistance ratio (CSR) used in the calculation of liquefaction potential index (LPI). The results of the gravity gradient analysis provide a low gravity anomaly which describes the asperity/weak zone as a manifestation of an earthquake. The asperity zone is validated by the inversion result which gives a minimum density contrast value at shallow depths. The results of CPT data processing provide information on soil strength at 22 measurement points. When an earthquake measuring more than 6.0 Mw occurs, the potential for liquefaction increases in the Palu area and its surroundings. With a low gravity gradient value and an LPI value > 5, the area is in the high category of liquefaction potential."

"Perubahan musim memiliki dampak serius pada kualitas makanan. Oleh karena itu, kami menginvestigasi hubungan antara skor healthy eating index HEI dan status gizi pada wanita usia subur di dua musim di daerah pedesaan, Kabupaten Buol. Studi longitudinal dilakukan pada musim panen dan musim non-panen. Semua wanita n=153 di musim non-panen dan 98 wanita n=150 di musim panen termasuk dalam kategori poor diet. Total skor HEI lebih tinggi secara signifikan pada musim panen dibandingkan musim non-panen p=0.026 . Ada hubungan positif antara skor HEI dengan indeks massa tubuh ?=0.113, p=0.043 setelah dikontrol dengan musim dan karakteristik demografi.

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Seasonal change has serious impacts on diet quality. Therefore, we investigated the association between healthy eating index HEI score and nutritional status of reproductive aged women across two seasons in rural areas of Buol District. A longitudinal study was conducted in lean and harvest seasons. All women n 153 in lean season and 98 women n 150 in harvest season had poor diets HEI"

"Penelitian cross sectional ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan status ketahanan pangan rumah tangga pada keluarga Tenaa Kerja Indonesia Pria dan Wanita, faktor-»faktor penyebab dan dampaknya terhadap status gizi anak. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan januari hingga Maret 20l0 di Kabupaten Tulungagung, Propinsi Jawa Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jender tenaga kerja Indonesia menentukan status ketahanan pangan rumah tangga. Pada keluarga tenaga kerja pria, juga diketahui memiliki respons pemberian makan anak yang lebih bagus, cenderung memilih fasilitas pencarian pertolongan kesehatan yang formal, melakukan respons yang tepat ketika anak rewel, dan mempunyai pengetahuan mengenai pengasuhan anak yang Iebih baik. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang signitikan mengenai status gizi anak pada keluarga Tenaga Kerja Indonesia pria dan wanita.

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This cross sectional study was aimed to compare household food security among household attached to male and female migrant worker, its determinant factors and impact on child nutritional status. Study was done in February-March 2010, involving 450 households in Tulungagung Districts, East Java Province, and found gender of the migrant worker is a predictor of household food security status. Household attached to male migrant workers had better responsive feeding, prefer forma] health seeking facilities, did more appropriate response when the child is crying and had better knowledge on child caring. Child nutritional status was not significantly different among two groups."

"Ketahanan keluarga menjadi salah satu faktor tidak langsung permasalahan gizi balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan ketahanan keluarga dengan status gizi pada balita usia 2–5 tahun di Kota Depok. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross-sectional dengan pengambilan sampel sebanyak 121 keluarga dengan balita usia 2-5 tahun di Posyandu Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kecamatan Sawangan menggunakan instrumen Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire (WFRQ) dan Standar Antropometri Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji Spearman Correlation dengan hasil terdapat hubungan yang bermakna searah dengan kekuatan yang sangat lemah antara ketahanan keluarga dengan status gizi pada balita usia 2-5 tahun (p value = 0,025) dan (r = 0,204). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat ketahanan keluarga maka semakin baik juga status gizi balita. Hal ini menjadi penting untuk meningkatkan ketahanan keluarga guna meningkatkan status gizi balita.

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Family resilience is an indirect factor in children under five nutrition problems. This study aims to determine the relationship between family resilience and nutritional status in children aged 2–5 years in Depok City. This study used a cross-sectional method with a sample of 121 families with children aged 2-5 years at the Posyandu Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kecamatan Sawangan using the Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire (WFRQ) instrument and the Anthropometric Standards Kemenkes RI. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Correlation Test with the result that there was a significant unidirectional relationship with very weak strength between family resilience and nutritional status in toddlers aged 2-5 years (p-value = 0.025) and (r = 0.204). This shows that the higher the level of family resilience, the better the nutritional status of children under five. This is important to increase family resilience to improve the nutritional status of children aged 2-5 years."