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"Sampai saat ini, jumlah kasus baru positif Covid-19 terus bertambah dan belum dapat dipastikan akhir dari kondisi Pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia. Tingginya jumlah kasus baru Covid-19 merupakan cerminan penularan masih terjadi di masyarakat dan belum maksimalnya masyarakat melaksanakan imbauan protokol kesehatan. Namun di sisi lain, pemerintah sudah mengeluarkan kebijakan pelonggaran PSBB. Memasuki era tatanan new normal perlu ada perubahan perilaku dalam penerapan protokol kesehatan karena dapat mempercepat penanganan pandemi Covid-19. Tulisan ini membahas kondisi penerapan protokol kesehatan di masyarakat dan mencermati tantangan serta peluang yang dapat dilakukan dalam mengubah perilaku masyarakat agar dapat disiplin menerapkan protokol kesehatan dalam percepatan penanganan pandemi Covid-19. Pelanggaran dan rendahnya penerapan protokol kesehatanserta ketidakpuasan masyarakat sebagai tantangan sekaligus pekerjaan rumah yang harus dituntaskan. Perubahan perilaku melalui pemberdayaan keluarga dan masyarakat melalui kegiatan Desa/Kelurahan/Kampung Tangguh Bencana Covid-19 merupakan kunci dalam pendisiplinan masyarakat untuk menerapkan protokol kesehatan. Tingkat keberhasilan sangat dipengaruhi oleh komitmendan kerja sama semua sektor serta pembinaan dan pengawasan oleh pemerintah daerah."

"Untuk menekan laju pandemi Covid-19, serangkaian tindakan pencegahan, baik promotif maupun interventif dilakukan. Dari variabel pencegahan dari anak kecil hingga lansia terus dilakukan sosialisasi. Akan tetapi, cukup banyak variabel risiko bagi kelompok lansia yakni komorbid dan umur lansia. Lalu, bagaimana pada individu yang tinggal dengan lansia? Penelitian ini menilik perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 pada individu yang tinggal dengan lansia melalui lensa Health Belief Model (HBM) dan persepsi individu terhadap kerentanan lansia terhadap infeksi Covid-19.Dari 305 partisipan penelitian, hasil penelitian menunjukkan model konseptual HBM dan persepsi individu terhadap kerentanan lansia terhadap infeksi Covid-19 dapat menjelaskan hampir 25% (R² = 0,247) varians dari perilaku pencegahan Covid-19. Dua variabel ditemukan signifikan dalam memprediksikan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19, yaitu perceived benefits dan cues to action. Maka apabila individu mengetahui bahwa melakukan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 memiliki banyak keuntungan dan tersadarkan dengan informasi terkait pencegahan Covid-19, ia akan lebih cenderung untuk melakukan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19.

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To suppress the Covid-19 pandemic, a series of preventive measures, both promotive and interventive were taken. From small children to the elderly, socialization continues to be carried out. However, there are quite a lot of risk factors for the elderly group, namely comorbid and elderly age. Then how about individuals living with the elderly? This research looks at the Covid-19 preventive behavior in individuals living with the elderly through the lens of the Health Belief Model (HBM) and individual perceptions of the susceptibility of the elderly to Covid-19 infection.

Of the 305 research participants, the research results show that the Health Belief Model conceptual model and individual perceptions of the elderly's vulnerability to Covid-19 infection can explain almost 25% (R² = 0.247) the variance of Covid-19 prevention behavior. Two variables were found to be significant in predicting Covid-19 prevention behavior, namely perceived benefits and cues to action. Therefore, if the individual knows that carrying out Covid-19 preventive behavior has many advantages and is awakened with information related to Covid-19 prevention, he will be more inclined to carry out Covid-19 preventive behavior."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh health belief model (persepsi kerentanan, persepsi keparahan, persepsi keuntungan, persepsi halangan, self-efficacy, dan cues to action) dan perceived social support (keluarga, teman, dan significant others) terhadap perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 (perilaku mempromosikan kebersihan dan perilaku menghindari kontak sosial) pada populasi usia produktif di Jabodetabek. Sebanyak 192 partisipan mengisi tiga kuesioner self-report pada bulan April 2021. Hasil analisis regresi linear berganda menunjukkan bahwa dua komponen dari variabel health belief model, yaitu persepsi halangan dan self-efficacy, memengaruhi perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 berupa perilaku mempromosikan kebersihan, F(9,182) = 6,075, p < 0,05. Selanjutnya, tiga komponen dari variabel health belief model, yaitu persepsi keuntungan, persepsi halangan, dan self-efficacy, dan dua sumber perceived social support, yaitu keluarga dan teman, memengaruhi perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 berupa perilaku menghindari kontak sosial, F(9,182) = 8,958, p < 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kebijakan pemerintah perlu difokuskan pada eliminasi halangan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 dan kampanye berupa ajakan interaksi sosial secara daring, terutama pada perempuan dan usia muda, supaya kebutuhan dukungan sosial tetap terpenuhi dan di saat yang sama tetap melindungi keluarga dan orang terdekat yang berisiko terinfeksi virus Covid-19.

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This research examined the effect of health belief model (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, self-efficacy, and cues to action) and perceived social support (family, friends, and significant others) on Covid-19 preventive behavior (promoting hygiene and cleaning and avoiding social closeness) in the working age population in Jabodetabek. A total of 192 participants completed the self-report questionnaire in April 2021. The analysis result of multiple linear regression showed two components of health belief model, that is perceived barrier and self-efficacy, predicted Covid-19 preventive behavior in the form of promoting hygiene and cleaning, F(9,182) = 6,075, p < 0,05. In addition, three components of health belief model, that is perceived benefit, perceived barrier, and self-efficacy, and perceived social support from family and friends predicted Covid-19 preventive behavior in the form of avoiding social closeness, F(9,182) = 8,958, p < 0,05. Based on these results, government policy should aim on the elimination of Covid-19 preventive behavior’s barriers and campaign about online social interaction, especially for women and young adults, so they can fulfill their need of social support while also protecting family and significant others who have high risk of being infected by Covid-19 virus.

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"Rasa takut terhadap Covid-19 merupakan emosi adaptif yang muncul ketika adanya potensi tertular atau menularkan virus Covid-19. Rasa takut apabila tidak dikalibrasi dengan baik dengan ancaman yang sebenarnya, maka, emosi ini dapat menjadi maladaptif. Di sisi lain, rasa takut terhadap Covid-19 juga dapat memicu perilaku keselamatan, misalnya memicu kepatuhan penerapan protokol kesehatan Covid-19. Dalam hal ini, kepatuhan penerapan protokol kesehatan Covid-19 mencakup tindakan preventif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh rasa takut sebagai prediktor kepatuhan penerapan protokol kesehatan Covid-19 beserta elemen-elemennya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan sampel Warga Negara Indonesia, bertempat tinggal di Indonesia, dan berusia 18-60 tahun dengan metode purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Fear of Covid-19 Scale (FCV-19S) untuk mengukur rasa takut terhadap Covid-19 dan Preventive Health Behavior (PHB) untuk mengukur kepatuhan penerapan protokol kesehatan Covid-19. Hasil analisis regresi linear sederhana yang dilakukan peneliti menunjukkan bahwa rasa takut tidak secara signifikan menjadi prediktor terhadap kepatuhan penerapan protokol kesehatan Covid-19 secara umum, namun apabila elemen kepatuhan dijabarkan satu-persatu, rasa takut secara signifikan menjadi prediktor terhadap dimensi perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barriers, dan pengukuran tindakan pencegahan Covid-19.

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Fear of Covid-19 was an adaptive emotion that arises when there was a potential for contracting or transmitting the Covid-19 virus. If fear was not properly calibrated with an actual threatened, then this emotion could became maladaptive. On the other handed, fear of Covid-19 could also trigger safety behavior, for example triggering compliance with the implementation of the Covid-19 health protocol. In this case, compliance with the implementation of the Covid-19 health protocol includes preventive measures. This studied aims to analyze the effect of fear as a predictor of adherence to the implementation of the Covid-19 health protocol and its elements. This researched was a quantitative studied with a sample of Indonesian citizens, residing in Indonesia, and aged 18-60 years used a purposive sampling method. The instruments used in this studied was the fear of Covid-19 scale (FCV-19S) to measured fear of Covid-19 and preventive health behavior (PHB) to measured adherence to the implementation of the Covid-19 health protocol. The results of a simple linear regression analysis conducted by the researchers showed that fear was not significantly a predictor of compliance with the implementation of the Covid-19 health protocol in general, but if the elements of compliance was explained one by one, fear was significantly a predictor of the dimensions of perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barriers, and measures preventive behavior from Covid-19."

"Penelitian ini mengenai penerapan kesehatan kerja saat bencana berupa pandemi yang dibahas dari disiplin Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial. Urgensi dari penelitian ini mengungkapkan inovasi yang dilakukan suatu perusahaan jasa transportasi pada pekerja frontlinernya yang berisiko tinggi terpapar virus COVID-19. Perusahaan ini tergolong sektor kritikal sehingga pelayanannya harus tetap beroperasi setiap hari selama masa pandemi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Pengumpulan data melalui studi literatur dan wawancara dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei hingga Agustus 2022 pada 7 informan yang ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Berdasarkan penelitian terungkap bahwa PT. X Jakarta melakukan beberapa inovasi terkait kesehatan kerja pada sisi kebijakan maupun remunerasi. Inovasi dari sisi kebijakan operasional, yaitu berupa penerapan scan Peduli Lindungi sebelum masuk stasiun, pembatasan penumpang di kereta, pengadaan pijakan kaki di elevator, penyediaan marka-marka untuk jaga jarak, mengimplementasikan beberapa kebijakan ticketing, penambahan APD (Alat Pelindung Diri) Khusus level 2 bagi Walka (petugas keamanan di kereta) serta mengadakan pelatihan penanganan pengguna yang pingsan akibat suspect COVID-19. Dari sisi kebijakan kepegawaian, PT. X Jakarta menerapkan screening harian kesehatan, penerapan digital sign, dan sistem absensi menggunakan web. Untuk kebijakan yang berkaitan dengan kesehatan pekerja, PT. X Jakarta membentuk Sekretariat Penanggulangan Krisis untuk COVID-19, menyelenggarakan olahraga rutin dan Health Talk secara virtual, melakukan penyemprotan disinfektan secara berkala, mengolah limbah infeksius secara khusus, melakukan edukasi kepada penumpang terkait protokol kesehatan, menyediakan ruang isolasi di kantor, dan melakukan tracing serta menyediakan layanan telemedicine. Inovasi dari sisi remunerasi, yaitu pemberian remunerasi tambahan selama pandemi untuk para pekerjanya. Pekerja di Head Office dan pekerja di stasiun dan kereta (yang termasuk pekerja organik) mendapatkan remunerasi berupa APD, vitamin, vaksin, SWAB/PCR, perbantuan pencarian ruang isolasi, perbantuan pencarian tabung oksigen, dan penyediaan transportasi. Sedangkan, pekerja di stasiun dan kereta yang termasuk pekerja outsourcing mendapatkan remunerasi berupa SWAB/PCR, APD, vitamin, dan vaksin. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukan perlunya sosialisasi terkait inovasi kesehatan kerja dilakukan dengan semasif mungkin dan perlunya sikap lebih tegas terhadap penumpang/pengguna jasa yang melanggar protokol kesehatan. Penelitian ini diharapkan bersumbangsih terhadap mata kuliah program studi sarjana Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial yaitu Manajemen Organisasi Pelayanan Kemanusiaan dan Kesejahteraan Sosial dalam Sektor Industri.

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This study is about the application of occupational health application in the form of a pandemic discussed from the discipline of Social Welfare Science. The urgency of this study revealed the innovation made by a transportation service company to its frontline workers who are at high risk of exposure to the COVID-19 virus. The company is a critical sector so its services must remain operational daily during the pandemic. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive research design. Collecting data was held by literature studies and in-depth interviews from May to August 2022 on 7 informants determined by purposive sampling methods. Data analysis is performed by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion withdrawal or verification. This research revealed that PT. X Jakarta carried out several innovations related to occupational health on the policy and remuneration side. Innovations on the operational policy include implementing Peduli Lindungi scanning before passengers enter the station, restricting the number of passengers on the train, procuring footrests in the elevator, implementing some ticketing policies, and adding Level 2 APD (Alat Pelindung Diri) for Walka (security at the train), and conducting passenger-handling training for COVID-19 suspected in train. Innovations on the employment policies side included implementing daily health screening, implementing digital signs, and using the AI web for the absentee system. For policies related to workers' health, PT. X Jakarta established Crisis Management Team (CMT), organized sports activities and Health Talk virtually, sprayed disinfectants on a regular basis, treated infectious waste specifically, provided isolation room for workers suspected of COVID-19, and traced and provided telemedicine services for workers. Innovation from the remuneration side is providing additional remuneration during the pandemic for its workers. Workers at the Head Office and workers at stations and trains, which are part of organic workers, received hygiene kits, vitamins, vaccines, SWAB/PCR, isolation room search assistance, oxygen tube search assistance, and transportation provision. Meanwhile, workers at stations and trains which are part of outsourcing workers received SWAB/PCR, hygiene kit, vitamins, and vaccines. Result also revealed the need for socialization related to occupational health innovation to be carried out as efficient as possible and the need for a firm attitude towards passengers/service users who violate health protocols. This research is expected to be able to contribute enriching Social Welfare sciences especially to courses named the Social Welfare in the Industrial Sector and Management of the Humanitarian Service Organization courses."

"Penyebaran COVID-19 yang semakin luas dan implementasi protokol kesehatan di Kabupaten Brebes pada tahun 2020 yang masih rendah mendasari pentingnya monitoring kepatuhan protokol kesehatan di Brebes. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan kepatuhan protokol kesehatan pencegahan dan penularan COVID-19 pada masyarakat di Kabupaten Brebes tahun 2021 berdasarkan teori health belief model. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional menggunakan data primer yang dilakukan di Kabupaten Brebes pada Juni 2021 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 302 responden. Data berupa hasil pengisian kuesioner dengan metode daring yang diisi sendiri oleh responden dan dianalisis dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa responden sudah patuh melaksanakan protokol kesehatan dengan rata-rata skor 70 dari skala 100. Diketahui diantara faktor- faktor yang diteliti, faktor jenis kelamin (p=0,001), tingkat pendidikan(p=0,001), pengetahuan (p=0,007), persepsi keparahan (p=0,003), persepsi hambatan (0,001), self efficacy (p=0,016), dan sumber informasi (p=0,002) merupakan faktor yang berhubungan dengan ketidakpatuhan protokol kesehatan COVID-19. Hasil penelitian menyarankan untuk membuat program untuk meningkatkan implementasi social distancing, mengadakan kerjasama dengan tokoh masyarakat, mengutamakan laki-laki sebagai sasaran utama promosi kesehatan dan memanfaatkan sosial media sebagai media utama promosi kesehatan.

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The increasingly COVID-19 and the low implementation of health protocols in Brebes Regency in 2020 underlies the importance of monitoring health protocol compliance in Brebes. The study aims to determine the factors associated with compliance of health protocols for the prevention and transmission of COVID-19 in the community in Brebes Regency in 2021 based on the theory of health belief models. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design using primary data conducted in Brebes Regency in June 2021 with a total sample of 302 respondents. The results showed that the respondents had complied with the health protocol with an average score of 70 out of a scale of 100. It is known that among the factors studied, gender (p = 0.001), education level (p = 0.001), knowledge (p = 0.007 ), perceived severity (p=0.003), perceived barriers (0.001), self-efficacy (p=0.016), and sources of information (p=0.002) were factors related to non-compliance with COVID-19 health protocols. The results of the study suggest creating a program to improve the implementation of social distancing, collaborating with community leaders, prioritizing men as the main target of health promotion and utilizing social media as the main media for health promotion."

"Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Barat melakukan diskresi dalam menginterpretasi peraturan nasional tentang peneggakan protokol kesehatan COVID-19 melalui Perda Jabar Nomor 5 Tahun 2021. Perda tersebut menerapkan sanksi denda yang diputuskan oleh sidang acara cepat tindak pidana ringan demi memastikan keadilan prosedural bagi masyarakat. Penegakan hukum Perda tersebut merupakan realisasi dari teori sistem peradilan terpadu yang selama ini hanya dijalankan secara semu dan independen, namun dengan adanya satu tujuan yaitu mencegah darurat COVID-19 maka terjadinya keterpaduan dalam mencapai tujuan penegakan hukum. Penelitian ini mengkaji mekanisme penerapan Perda Jabar Nomor 5 Tahun 2021 yang melibatkan peran Polri dan Satpol PP dalam rangka menegakkan pelanggar protokol kesehatan beserta dengan permasalahan yang dihadapi. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode triangulasi, studi pustaka, wawancara, dan studi kasus. Peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa sistem peradilan pidana terpadu sudah dijalankan pada penerapan Perda ini dan mencapai tujuannya yaitu menjamin kepatuhan terhadap protokol kesehatan. Sehingga disarankan untuk menjadikan penerapan Perda ini sebagai model bagi penerapan sistem peradilan pidana terpadu. Namun masih terdapat berbagai permasalahan yang ditemukan yaitu target pelanggar yang masih berdasarkan indikator kuantitatif, blangko tipiring yang sudah usang, sistem peradilan teleconference yang terganjal peraturan yang ada, dan dilema penjatuhan sanksi denda berat yang memberatkan masyarakat atau denda ringan yang tidak menjamin kepatuhan.

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The government of West Java Province has applied a discretion in interpreting the national Covid-19 regulation through West Java Province Bylaw Number 5/2021. In order to ensures procedural justice for the society, the bylaw applying fines decided by trial court of minor offenses against those who violate health protocols. The implementation of the bylaw is a manifestation of the theory of an integrated criminal justice system, which, to date, has only been carried out apparently and independently. However, there is an integration in achieving an objective of law enforcement, that is, the prevention of the spread of Covid-19. The study examines the implementation mechanisms of West Java Province Bylaw Number 5/2021 involving Indonesian National Police as well as civil service police in taking actions against the violations of the health protocol and the problems they have. The author employs the descriptive qualitative methodology involving triangulation, literature reviews, interviews, and case studies. The results of the study reveal that an integrated judicial system has been implemented and has met its objective to ensure public compliance to health protocols. There are still a number of issues, including the use of the quantitative performance metrics in identifying the target offenders, outdated paperwork methods, teleconferencing judicial processes that are hindered by the existing legislations, and dilemma in either imposing heavy fines that burdens the public or light fines that fail to achieve their compliances."

"Pasar Cibinong terletak di ibukota Kabupaten Bogor merupakan tempat berkerumunnya orang banyak yang berpotensi mempercepat penyebaran penularan COVID-19 secara lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang terkait dengan kepatuhan pedagang terhadap protokol kesehatan untuk mencegah penyebaran COVID- 19 di Pasar Cibinong, Kecamatan Cibinong, Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif desain cross sectional dengan sampel 110 pedagang pasar yang diambil secara acak. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengisian kuesioner secara online dan dianalisis menggunakan uji chi square dan regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hanya 8,2% pedagang yang mematuhi protokol kesehatan. Pengetahuan, persepsi tentang kerentanan dan hambatan serta isyarat dalam bertindak merupakan faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan pedagang, dan pengetahuan merupakan faktor yang paling dominan terkait dengan kepatuhan pedagang di Pasar Cibinong, Kecamatan Cibinong 2020. Pedagang yang memiliki pengetahuan baik berpeluang 63 kali untuk mematuhi protokol kesehatan dibandingkan dengan pedagang berpengetahuan kurang, setelah dikendalikan oleh persepsi kerentanan dan hambatan serta isyarat untuk bertindak. Untuk itu, pengetahuan pedagang perlu ditingkatkan melalui pesan singkat online maupun pesan singkat Location Based Advertising/SMS LBA.

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Cibinong Market, located in the capital of Bogor Regency, is a large crowd of people have potential to accelerate the spread of local transmission of COVID-19, locally. This study objective is to determine the factors associated with merchant compliance regarding health protocols to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in Cibinong Market, Cibinong District, Bogor Regency. This study used a quantitative approach crosssectional design with 110 total sample, selected randomly. Data were collected throughs online self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using the chi square test and multiple logistic regression. The results showed that only 8.2% of traders adhere to health protocols. Knowledge, perceptions of vulnerability and barriers, as well as cues in action are factors related to merchant compliance, and knowledge is the most dominant factor related to merchant compliance in Cibinong Market, Cibinong District 2020. Traders who have sufficient knowledge have chances 63 times to comply with health protocols compared to insufficient less knowledge traders, after being controlled by perceptions of vulnerability and barriers and cues to action. For this reason, traders' knowledge needs to be improved through online short messages, SMS LBA (Location Based Advertising)."

"Setidaknya 1 dari 200 pasien COVID-19 akan mengalami DVT, dan sekitar 20% kasus VTE berhubungan dengan COVID-19. Risikonya meningkat empat kali lipat pada pasien COVID-19. Munculnya berbagai faktor patofisiologis yang berkontribusi terhadap terjadinya DVT pada pasien COVID-19 menimbulkan pertanyaan menarik mengenai perbedaan dalam karakteristik luaran pasien DVT sebelum dan selama pandemi, serta variasi dalam perawatan dan hasil pasien. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kohort retrospektif untuk melihat perbandingan karakteristik dan manajemen pasien DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis) sebelum dan selama pandemi COVID-19. Didapatkan data 489 subyek yang diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini dengan nilai rata-rata usianya adalah 50.72 ± 18.00. Berdasarkan waktu terkenanya DVT, dari 489 subyek tersebut, sebagian besar sampel yaitu sebanyak 344 orang (72.9%) merupakan pasien yang mengalami DVT selama pandemi COVID. Berdasarkan status mortalitas, terdapat 336 orang (71.8%) yang masih hidup setelah mengalami DVT. Berdasarkan keberadaan perdarahan hebat, sebagian besar subyek yaitu 402 orang (82.2%) tidak mengalami perdarahan hebat. Berdasarkan status rekurensi, terdapat 321 orang (65.7%) yang mengalami rekurensi yaitu kembali dirawat dengan diagnosa yang sama dalam 1 tahun pertama setelah pertama kali dirawat. Sebanyak 479 orang (97.9%) tidak mengalami emboli paru. Didapatkan nilai rata-rata durasi rawat inap selama 13.41 ± 9.89 hari. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan D-Dimer, didapatkan nilai rata-rata 3008.21 ± 1494.59 ng/mL. Sedangkan hasil pemeriksaan fibrinogen, didapatkan nilai rata-rata 301.06 ± 58.63 mg/dL. Dalam melihat komparasi data DVT sebelum dan selama pandemic COVID-19, dari 4 variabel yang dilihat, hanya D-Dimer yang memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan berupa peningkatan nilai rata-rata apabila dibandingkan antara sebelum pandemic COVID (2052.34 ± 568.30 ng/mL) dan selama COVID (3363.89 ± 1573.79 ng/mL) dengan nilai p < 0.001. Hasil berbeda terjadi pada fibrinogen yang tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan antara sebelum pandemic COVID (295.66 ± 57.28 mg/dL) dibandingkan dengan selama COVID (303.06 ± 59.08 mg/dL) dengan nilai p 0.223. Ditemukan bahwa pada pasien COVID-19 didapati nilai D-Dimer yang lebih tinggi (nilai p <0.001) serta fibrinogen yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan (p=0.032).

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At least 1 in 200 COVID-19 patients will experience DVT, and approximately 20% of VTE cases are related to COVID-19. The risk increases fourfold in COVID-19 patients. The emergence of various pathophysiological factors that contribute to the occurrence of DVT in COVID-19 patients raises interesting questions regarding differences in the outcome characteristics of DVT patients before and during the pandemic, as well as variations in patient care and outcomes. The research design used was a retrospective cohort study to compare the characteristics and management of DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis) patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were obtained for 489 subjects who were included in this study with an average age value of 50.72 ± 18.00. Based on the time of DVT, of the 489 subjects, the majority of the sample, namely 344 people (72.9%) were patients who experienced DVT during the COVID pandemic. Based on mortality status, there were 336 people (71.8%) who were still alive after experiencing DVT. Based on the presence of severe bleeding, the majority of subjects, namely 402 people (82.2%) did not experience severe bleeding. Based on recurrence status, there were 321 people (65.7%) who experienced recurrence, namely being treated again with the same diagnosis within the first year after first being treated. A total of 479 people (97.9%) did not experience pulmonary embolism. The average duration of hospitalization was 13.41 ± 9.89 days. Based on the results of the D-Dimer examination, an average value of 3008.21 ± 1494.59 ng/mL was obtained. Meanwhile, the results of the fibrinogen examination showed an average value of 301.06 ± 58.63 mg/dL. In looking at the comparison of DVT data before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, of the 4 variables looked at, only D-Dimer had a significant difference in the form of an increase in the average value when compared between before the COVID pandemic (2052.34 ± 568.30 ng/mL) and during COVID (3363.89 ± 1573.79 ng/mL) with p value < 0.001. Different results occurred in fibrinogen which did not have a significant difference between before the COVID pandemic (295.66 ± 57.28 mg/dL) compared to during COVID (303.06 ± 59.08 mg/dL) with a p value of 0.223. It was found that COVID-19 patients had higher D-Dimer values (p value <0.001) and significantly higher fibrinogen (p=0.032)."

"Latar belakang. COVID-19 merupakan masalah kesehatan dunia dan protokol kesehatan diperlukan untuk mencegah penyebarannya terutama di lingkungan sektor industri esensial dan kritikal. Industri minyak dan gas bumi yang merupakan salah satu sektor kritikal dan masih beroperasi secara penuh walaupun di kala Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar membutuhkan perhatian lebih pada usaha pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19. Namun, keberhasilan usaha tersebut bergantung pada berbagai faktor, salah satunya adalah tingkat kepatuhan individu terhadap protokol kesehatan.Tujuan. Menerapkan teori Health Belief Model (HBM) untuk menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi tingkat kepatuhan penerapan protokol kesehatan yang diterapkan karyawan selama pandemi COVID-19 di perusahaan “X”.Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner daring yang diisi mandiri oleh karyawan perusahaan “X” pada Januari 2022-Februari 2022.Hasil. Dari total 1439 peserta penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kepatuhan karyawan terhadap protokol kesehatan COVID-19 sekitar 76,9%. Setelah disesuaikan dengan faktor-faktor lainnya, konsep HBM seperti persepsi ancaman (p<0,01) dan persepsi manfaat (p<0,01) berhubungan dengan tingkat kepatuhan menjalankan protokol kesehatan. Responden yang sudah menikah memiliki kecenderungan untuk lebih patuh dibandingkan yang tidak menikah.Kesimpulan. Temuan kami menunjukkan bahwa teori HBM dapat diterapkan untuk memahami kepatuhan menjalankan protokol kesehatan COVID-19. Mengenali keyakinan kesehatan yang dirasakan dan faktor terkait lainnya penting untuk mengembangkan strategi intervensi kesehatan COVID-19 yang efektif

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Background. COVID-19 is a global health concern and health protocols are needed to prevent its spread, especially in the environment of essential and critical industrial sectors. The oil and gas industry, which is one of the critical sectors and is still fully operational even during the Large-Scale Social Restriction, requires more efforts to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Still, the success of these efforts depends on various factors, one of which is the level of individual adherence to the health protocols.

Objectives. Applying the Health Belief Model (HBM) theory to explain the factors that influence employees' level of adherence to the health protocols during the COVID-19 pandemic at company "X."

Methods. This study used a cross-sectional design. Data collection was carried out using an online questionnaire that was filled out independently by company "X" employees in January 2022-February 2022.

Results. Of the 1439 study participants, the level of employee adherence to the COVID-19 health protocol was around 76.9%. After adjusting for other factors, HBM concepts such as perceived threat (p<0.01) and perceived benefit (p<0.01) were associated with the level of adherence to health protocols. Married respondents tend to be more compliant than those who are not.

Conclusion. Our findings suggest that the HBM theory can be applied to understand adherence to COVID-19 health protocols. Recognizing perceived health beliefs and other related factors is vital for developing effective COVID-19 health intervention strategies."