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Annisa Rahmakarina

Faktor-faktor interaksi sosial yang berhubungan dengan self-perceived halitosis remaja di DKI Jakarta tahun 2020 = Social interaction factors related to adolescent self-perceived halitosis in DKI Jakarta in 2020

"Latar Belakang: Terdapat penelitian yang menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara faktor interaksi sosial, yaitu jenis kelamin dan tingkat pengetahuan dengan self-perceived halitosis. Masih terdapat beberapa faktor interaksi sosial lainnya yang belum diketahui hubungannya dengan self-perceived halitosis.

Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi hubungan antara faktor-faktor interaksi sosial dan self-perceived halitosis pada remaja DKI Jakarta.

Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Self-perceived halitosis diukur melalui self-assessment halitosis menggunakan metode licking wrist dan interaksi sosial diukur menggunakan 23 pertanyaan kueioner.

Hasil: self-perceived halitosis lebih tinggi pada laki-laki dibanding perempuan (p = 0,038, r = - 0,139). Selain itu, adanya pengalaman tidak menyenangkan mengenai bau mulut meningkatkan self-perceived halitosis (p = 0,011, r = 0,136) dan semakin tinggi tingkat pendidikan maka semakin tinggi self-perceived halitosis. Faktor interaksi sosial lainnya tidak memiliki hubungan dengan self-perceived halitosis (p>0,05).

Kesimpulan: terdapat hubungan antara faktor jenis kelamin, pengalaman/persepsi sosial, dan pendidikan terhadap self-perceived halitosis.

Background: There are studies that show a relationship between social interaction factors, that is gender and level of knowledge with self-perceived halitosis. There are still several other social interaction factors in which the relationships toward self-perceived halitosis have not yet known.
Objective: To identify the relationship between social interaction factors and self-perceived halitosis toward adolescents in DKI Jakarta.
Methods: The study is using cross-sectional design. Self-perceived halitosis was measured through self-assessment of halitosis using the licking wrist method and social interaction was measured using 23 questionnaire questions.
Result: self-perceived halitosis was higher in males than females (p = 0.038, r = - 0.139). In addition, having an unpleasant experience with halitosis increases self-perceived halitosis (p = 0.011, r = 0.136) and the higher the level of education, the higher the self-perceived halitosis. Other social interaction factors have no relationship with self-perceived halitosis (p>0,05).
Conclusion: There is a relationship between gender, social experience factors, and level of education on self-perceived halitosis."

Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2020

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Abrijanto Soen Bing

Efikasi tablet hisap mengandung ekstrak buah kepel stelechocarpus burahol dalam mengontrol bau mulut = Effect of kepel fruits extract stelechocarpus burahol lozenges on controlling oral malodour halitosis

"[Bau mulut (Halitosis) merupakan masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang dikeluhkan sebagian besar masyarakat. Komponen utama pada bau mulut adalah volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), yaitu hidrogen sulfida (H2S), metil merkaptan (CH3SH), dan dimetilsulfida ((CH3)2S). Salah satu bahan alami yang secara tradisional digunakan untuk mengurangi bau mulut adalah buah burahol (Stelechocarpus burahol). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi efek sediaan tablet hisap yang mengandung buah kepel dalam mengontrol bau mulut. Tiga puluh orang subyek sehat dibagi secara acak menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu

kelompok tablet hisap eksrak buah kepel dan kelompok permen karet xilitol. Subyek menggunakan tablet hisap pada pagi setelah makan pagi dan siang setelah makan siang. Pemeriksaan bau mulut dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali, yaitu segera setelah bangun tidur, setelah makan pagi, dan siang hari sesudah makan siang. Variabel pemeriksaan bau mulut yang diukur adalah skor organoleptik, kadar H2S,

kadar CH3SH, dan kadar (CH3)2S. Efek tablet hisap ekstrak buah burahol sebanding dengan permen karet xilitol dalam menurunkan kadar H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S dan skor organoleptik bau mulut pada subyek. Tablet hisap yang mengandung ekstrak buah burahol (Stelechocarpus burahol) efektif dalam mengontrol bau mulut sehingga dapat digunakan untuk pengobatan bau mulut (halitosis).;

Oral malodour (Haitosis) as an oral problem that most people complain. In all cases, bad breath is caused by the presence of volatile organic compounds originating from the mouth or the expired air. The aim of this study is know of the effect of lozenges containing kepel fruit (Stelechocarpus burahol) in controlling oral malodour in normal subjects. Thirty normal subjects were divided into two groups
randomly, one groups received lozenges containing kepel fruits and the other groups received lozenges containing xilitol. Subjects receiving as much two tablets lozenges each day during one day, ie morning after breakfast and after lunch. Oral malodour examination performed three times, ie immediately after waking, after breakfast, and afternoon after lunch. Variable oral malodour is measured levels of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S. The result were shown that lozenges containing kepel fruits (Stelechocarpus burahol) did not differ with lozenges containing xilitol in reducing the levels of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S and organoleptics oral malodour in normal subjects. Lozenges containing kepel fruits (Stelechocarpus burahol) is effective in controlling oral malodour so it can be used for the treatment of oral malodour (Halitosis).;Oral malodour (Haitosis) as an oral problem that most people complain. In all cases,
bad breath is caused by the presence of volatile organic compounds originating
from the mouth or the expired air. The aim of this study is know of the effect of
lozenges containing kepel fruit (Stelechocarpus burahol) in controlling oral
malodour in normal subjects. Thirty normal subjects were divided into two groups
randomly, one groups received lozenges containing kepel fruits and the other
groups received lozenges containing xilitol. Subjects receiving as much two
tablets lozenges each day during one day, ie morning after breakfast and after
lunch. Oral malodour examination performed three times, ie immediately after
waking, after breakfast, and afternoon after lunch. Variable oral malodour is
measured levels of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S. The result were shown that lozenges
containing kepel fruits (Stelechocarpus burahol) did not differ with lozenges
containing xilitol in reducing the levels of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S and
organoleptics oral malodour in normal subjects.
Lozenges containing kepel fruits (Stelechocarpus burahol) is effective in
controlling oral malodour so it can be used for the treatment of oral malodour
(Halitosis).;Oral malodour (Haitosis) as an oral problem that most people complain. In all cases,
bad breath is caused by the presence of volatile organic compounds originating
from the mouth or the expired air. The aim of this study is know of the effect of
lozenges containing kepel fruit (Stelechocarpus burahol) in controlling oral
malodour in normal subjects. Thirty normal subjects were divided into two groups
randomly, one groups received lozenges containing kepel fruits and the other
groups received lozenges containing xilitol. Subjects receiving as much two
tablets lozenges each day during one day, ie morning after breakfast and after
lunch. Oral malodour examination performed three times, ie immediately after
waking, after breakfast, and afternoon after lunch. Variable oral malodour is
measured levels of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S. The result were shown that lozenges
containing kepel fruits (Stelechocarpus burahol) did not differ with lozenges
containing xilitol in reducing the levels of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S and
organoleptics oral malodour in normal subjects.
Lozenges containing kepel fruits (Stelechocarpus burahol) is effective in
controlling oral malodour so it can be used for the treatment of oral malodour
(Halitosis)., Oral malodour (Haitosis) as an oral problem that most people complain. In all cases,
bad breath is caused by the presence of volatile organic compounds originating
from the mouth or the expired air. The aim of this study is know of the effect of
lozenges containing kepel fruit (Stelechocarpus burahol) in controlling oral
malodour in normal subjects. Thirty normal subjects were divided into two groups
randomly, one groups received lozenges containing kepel fruits and the other
groups received lozenges containing xilitol. Subjects receiving as much two
tablets lozenges each day during one day, ie morning after breakfast and after
lunch. Oral malodour examination performed three times, ie immediately after
waking, after breakfast, and afternoon after lunch. Variable oral malodour is
measured levels of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S. The result were shown that lozenges
containing kepel fruits (Stelechocarpus burahol) did not differ with lozenges
containing xilitol in reducing the levels of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S and
organoleptics oral malodour in normal subjects.
Lozenges containing kepel fruits (Stelechocarpus burahol) is effective in
controlling oral malodour so it can be used for the treatment of oral malodour
(Halitosis).]"

Depok: Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Indonesia, 2014

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UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library

Amira Tsania Zahra

Hubungan kesehatan oral subjektif dengan self-perceived halitosis pada remaja di DKI Jakarta tahun 2020 = Relationship between subjective oral health with self-perceived halitosis in adolescent in DKI Jakarta in 2020.

"Latar Belakang: Self-perceived halitosis ditandai dengan bau tidak sedap yang timbul dari rongga mulut dan ditemukan penyebab utamanya berasal dari intraoral. Sehingga sangat penting bagi setiap individu untuk memelihara kesehatan mulutnya. Selain itu, walaupun etiologi utama dari faktor intraoral tersebut adalah tongue coating, namun prevalensi masyarakat yang membersihkan lidah setiap hari masih rendah. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitan ini akan lebih dikhususkan untuk membahas mengenai kebiasaan membersihkan lidah.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara kesehatan oral subjektif dengan self-perceived halitosis.

Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional pada 298 remaja yang berusia 12-21 tahun yang berdomisili di DKI Jakarta dan merasa memiliki halitosis melalui kuisioner yang pengisiannya dilakukan secara daring menggunakan google form.

Hasil : Penilaian subjektif penyakit dan kondisi rongga mulut yang terdiri dari gingivitis, mulut kering, dan tongue coating memiliki hubungan dengan self-perceived halitosis (p<0.05). Semakin besar responden yang merasa memiliki gingivitis, mulut kering, dan tongue coating di dalam rongga mulutnya, semakin tinggi nilai self-perceived halitosis. Faktor kesehatan oral subjektif lainnya yaitu penilaian subjektif karies dan kebiasaan menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang terdiri dari menyikat gigi, flossing, menggunakan obat kumur, dan membersihkan lidah tidak memiliki hubungan dengan self-perceived halitosis (p>0.05).

Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara faktor penilaian subjektif penyakit dan kondisi rongga mulut yang terdiri dari gingivitis, mulut kering, dan tongue coating terhadap self-perceived halitosis pada remaja di DKI Jakarta.

Background: Self-perceived halitosis is characterized by an unpleasant odor arising from the oral cavity. It was found that the main cause of halitosis was from intraoral origin, so it is very important for each individual to maintain their oral health. In addition, although the main etiology of the intraoral factor is tongue coating, the prevalence of people cleaning their tongue every day is still low. Therefore, this research will be more devoted to discussing the habit of cleaning the tongue.
Objective: This study aims to identify the relationship between subjective oral health and self-perceived halitosis.
Methods: A-cross sectional study of 298 adolescents who live in DKI Jakarta and have a subjective halitosis through a questionnaire with a google form.
Results: Subjective assessment of oral diseases and conditions consisting of gingivitis, dry mouth, and tongue coating were associated with self-perceived halitosis (p <0.05). The greater the respondents who feel they have gingivitis, dry mouth, and tongue coating in their oral cavity, the higher the self-perceived halitosis value. Other subjective oral health factors, namely the subjective assessment of caries and oral hygiene habits which consisted of brushing, flossing, using mouthwash, and cleaning the tongue had no relationship with self-perceived halitosis (p> 0.05).
Conclusion: There is a relationship between the subjective assessment of oral diseases and conditions consisting of gingivitis, dry mouth, and tongue coating with self-perceived halitosis of adolescents who live in DKI Jakarta."

Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2021

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UI - Skripsi Membership Universitas Indonesia Library

Rosi Sriandita Worosatiti

Survei perceived needs halitosis dengan metode self assessment pada mahasiswa S1 Universitas Indonesia = Perceived needs halitosis survey using self assessment methods on undergraduate students of Universitas Indonesia

"[ABSTRACT

Halitosis merupakan masalah medico-social yang mempengaruhi citra dan kepercayaan diri seseorang serta masyarakat. Kemampuan seseorang untuk mengetahui bahwa dirinya memiliki halitosis dan sejauh mana bau tersebut mengganggu khalayak ramai belum diketahui, sehingga diperlukan informasi mengenai gambaran perceived needs halitosis dengan metode self-assessment.

Sampel penelitian didapat dengan menyebar angket formulir ekektronik dan didapatkan 1253 responden mahasiswa S1 Universitas Indonesia. Hasil uji Chi Square menunjukan terdapat perbedaan responden dengan bau mulut dan tanpa

bau mulut berdasarkan karakteristik, persepsi waktu terjadinya bau mulut, menjaga kebersihan gigi dan mulut, serta persepsi keadaan rongga mulut memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan dengan halitosis, sedangkan penyakit sistemik dan kebiasaan selfcare tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan.

ABSTRACT

Halitosis is a medico-social problem that affects the confidence of a person and community. The information of perceived needs halitosis by using self-assessment methods is necessary to know the effect of someone?s perception about halitosis and how far it affects community. Samples were obtained by distributing e-form questionnaire and there were 1253 respondents from undergraduate students of Universitas Indonesia. Chi Square test shows that there are significant differences in respondents with or without halitosis based on these characteristic, perception of halitosis occurring time, oral hygiene, and perception of oral health, however systemic diseases and self care habit don't have significant differences. Halitosis is a medico-social problem that affects the confidence of a person and community. The information of perceived needs halitosis by using self-assessment methods is necessary to know the effect of someone's perception about halitosis and how far it affects community. Samples were obtained by distributing e-form questionnaire and there were 1253 respondents from undergraduate students of Universitas Indonesia. Chi Square test shows that there are significant differences in respondents with or without halitosis based on these characteristics, perception of halitosis occurring time, oral hygiene, and perception of oral health, however systemic diseases and self care habit don't have significant differences.;Halitosis is a medico-social problem that affects the confidence of a person and

community. The information of perceived needs halitosis by using self-assessment

methods is necessary to know the effect of someone?s perception about halitosis

and how far it affects community. Samples were obtained by distributing e-form

questionnaire and there were 1253 respondents from undergraduate students of

Universitas Indonesia. Chi Square test shows that there are significant differences

in respondents with or without halitosis based on these characteristics; perception

of halitosis occurring time, oral hygiene, and perception of oral health, however

systemic diseases and self care habit don?t have significant differences.;Halitosis is a medico-social problem that affects the confidence of a person and

community. The information of perceived needs halitosis by using self-assessment

methods is necessary to know the effect of someone?s perception about halitosis

and how far it affects community. Samples were obtained by distributing e-form

questionnaire and there were 1253 respondents from undergraduate students of

Universitas Indonesia. Chi Square test shows that there are significant differences

in respondents with or without halitosis based on these characteristics; perception

of halitosis occurring time, oral hygiene, and perception of oral health, however

systemic diseases and self care habit don?t have significant differences., Halitosis is a medico-social problem that affects the confidence of a person and

community. The information of perceived needs halitosis by using self-assessment

methods is necessary to know the effect of someone?s perception about halitosis

and how far it affects community. Samples were obtained by distributing e-form

questionnaire and there were 1253 respondents from undergraduate students of

Universitas Indonesia. Chi Square test shows that there are significant differences

in respondents with or without halitosis based on these characteristics; perception

of halitosis occurring time, oral hygiene, and perception of oral health, however

systemic diseases and self care habit don?t have significant differences.]"

2016

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UI - Skripsi Membership Universitas Indonesia Library

Perubahan parameter halitosis setelah penggunaan siwak (salvadora persica) pada santri pondok pesantren tapak sunan usia 11-13 Tahun

"Pendahuluan: Latar belakang budaya merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang mempengaruhi pendidikan seseorang, termasuk pendidikan kesehatan gigi. Siwak (Salvadora persica) dikenal sebagai alat pembersih mulut yang berasal dari Arab kuno dan memiliki nilai budaya agama Islam. Selain itu, menurut beberapa penelitian, siwak memiliki kandungan antibakteri yang berfungsi untuk membunuh bakteri yang menyebabkan bau mulut (halitosis). Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk menganalisis perubahan parameter halitosis yaitu kadar Volatile Sulfur Compounds (VSC), Bleeding on Probing (BOP) dan tongue coating setelah penggunaan siwak pada santri usia 11-13 tahun di pesantren Tapak Sunan Jakarta. Material dan Metode: Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah experimental research dengan subjek penelitian santri usia 11-13 tahun sebanyak 25 orang. Pengukuran parameter halitosis dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah pemakaian siwak selama 10 hari melalui pendidikan kesehatan gigi. Gas VSC diukur menggunakan alat “Oralchroma” dan skor organoleptik. Pengukuran BOP dilakukan dengan probing pada sulkus gingiva di 6 permukaan pada semua gigi. Pengukuran tongue coating dilakukan dengan menilai area lapisan putih pada permukaan lidah lalu diklasifikasikan. Pengolahan data

dilakukan secara statistik dengan uji Paired T Test ( p< 0,05 sebagai level signifikan). Hasil: Terjadi penurunan kadar rata-rata VSC total sebanyak 75% setelah pemakaian siwak. Jumlah subjek yang memiliki skor 1 organoleptik meningkat menjadi 36% yang disertai dengan penurunan jumlah subjek dengan skor 4. Terjadi penurunan nilai rata-rata BOP dan skor tongue coating berurutan sebanyak 57,7% dan 26% setelah penggunaan siwak. Analisis statistik terhadap seluruh

parameter halitosis sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan siwak dengan paired-t-test memperlihatkan perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05). Kesimpulan: Terjadi penurunan parameter halitosis sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan siwak pada santri usia 11-13 tahun di pesantren Tapak Sunan Jakarta.

The Halitosis Parameter Change After Using Siwak (Salvadora Persica) At 11-13 Year Old Students in Tapak Sunan Boarding School. Introduction: Cultural background is one of important factors that influences education, including dental health education. Siwak (Salvadora persica), an oral cleansing tool which came from ancient Arab has Islamic cultural values. Many researches concluded that siwak contains antibacterial agent which has function to kill bacteria causing oral malodor (halitosis). Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze halitosis parameters change which consisted of Volatile Sulfur Compounds (VSC), Bleeding on Probing (BOP) and tongue coating after

using siwak at 11-13 year old students in Tapak Sunan Boarding School. Materials and methods: This study used experimental research method and 25 students in the age group of 11-13 year old became subjects of this study. Halitosis parameters measurements were taken before and after using 10 days siwak usage and through dental health education. OralChroma and organoleptic score were used to measure the VSC. Probing on six sites of gingival sulculs of each tooth was used to measured BOP. Classification of tounge coating was performed by observing the presence of white coating on the tongue surface. Statistical analysis was performed using Paired-t Test with p<0.05 as the level of significance. Results: Approximately 75% reduction of total VSC concentration was observed after siwak usage. Number of subjects

with score 1 in organoleptic assessment for halitosis was also increased by 36%. Followed by reduction of BOP and tongue coating score by 57.7% and 26% respectively. Statistical analysis of those parameters showed significant differences before and after siwak usage. Conclusion: Siwak usage sucessfully decreased all halitosis parameters of the 11-13 years old students in Tapak Sunan Boarding School."

Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2010

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Artikel Jurnal Universitas Indonesia Library

Alma Rizkia Shania Muhamad

Faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga selama pandemi covid-19 di DKI Jakarta tahun 2020 (Analisis data sekunder tahun 2020) = Dominant factors of household food security during covid-19 pandemic in DKI Jakarta 2020 (Secondary data analysis in 2020).

"Ketahanan pangan merupakan kondisi ketika semua orang, setiap saat, memiliki akses fisik, sosial, dan ekonomi ke pangan yang cukup, aman, dan bergizi yang memenuhi preferensi makanan dan kebutuhan makanan untuk hidup yang aktif dan sehat. Munculnya pandemi COVID-19 merupakan ancaman bagi ketahanan pangan rumah tangga karena kebijakan pembatasan sosial, penurunan pendapatan dan kehilangan pekerjaaan yang dapat mempengaruhi daya beli. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga selama pandemi COVID-19 di DKI Jakarta Tahun 2020. Penelitian cross-sectional ini menggunakan data sekunder dari penelitian yang berjudul “Situasi Ketahanan Pangan Keluarga dan Coping Mechanism dalam Kondisi Pandemi COVID-19 di Wilayah Urban dan Semi Urban Tahun 2020”. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 258 rumah tangga di DKI Jakarta. Analisis data univariat dan bivariat berupa uji Chi Square dan uji Regresi Logistik Ganda dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan 68.2% rumah tangga di DKI Jakarta mengalami rawan pangan. Hasil analisis bivariat menyatakan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pendapatan suami, pendapatan istri, pendidikan suami, pendidikan istri dan jumlah orang berpendidikan tinggi dengan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga selama pandemi COVID-19. Faktor dominan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga selama pandemi COVID-19 di DKI Jakarta tahun 2020 adalah pendapatan suami (OR = 3,688) setelah dikontrol oleh variabel pendapatan istri selama pandemi dan pendidikan istri sebagai variabel perancu.

Food security is a condition when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets food preferences and dietary needs for an active and healthy life. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic is a threat to household food security due to social restriction policies, declining in incomes and job losses that can affect purchasing power. This study aimed to determine the dominant factors of household food security during the COVID-19 pandemic in DKI Jakarta 2020. This cross-sectional study used secondary data from research entitled Situation of Family Food Security and Coping Mechanisms in COVID-19 Pandemic Situation in Urban and Semi-Urban Areas. The sample of this study was 258 households in DKI Jakarta. Data were analyzed using chi-square test and binary logistic regression. This research revealed that 68,2% of households experienced food insecure. The result of bivariate analysis revealed that husband’s income, wife’s income, husband’s education, wife’s education and number of high educated people had significant relationship to household food security during COVID-19 pandemic. Dominant factor of household food security during COVID-19 pandemic in DKI Jakarta in 2020 was husband’s income (OR = 3,688) after being controlled by wife’s income during pandemic and wife’s education as confounding variable."

Depok: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia, 2021

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UI - Skripsi Membership Universitas Indonesia Library

Aisya Maura

Membentuk Kebiasaan Baru memakai Masker di Kafe melalui Intervensi Adaptif = Developing a New Habit of Wearing Face Masks in Cafes through Adaptive Interventions

"Kebiasaan memakai masker merupakan kebiasaan positif yang berdampak pada kesehatan dalam jangka waktu panjang. Di Indonesia, kebiasaan memakai masker belum terbentuk. Intervensi ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas intervensi adaptif dalam membentuk kebiasaan memakai masker di kafe dibandingkan dengan intervensi tunggal. Penulis mengombinasikan tiga bentuk intervensi, yaitu fear appeal berbasis antropomorfisme, reaktansi, dan lisensi moral, yang diberikan secara bertahap berdasarkan respons partisipan. Penulis mengajukan klaim bahwa intervensi adaptif akan meningkatkan jumlah pemakaian masker saat di kafe dan membentuk kebiasaan memakai masker yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan intervensi tunggal. Klaim pertama diuji pada 135 partisipan yang tidak memakai masker saat masuk atau menunggu pesanan di kafe, sedangkan klaim kedua diuji pada 96 partisipan yang mengisi kuesioner satu minggu setelah intervensi dan berkunjung ke kafe setelah menerima intervensi. Hasilnya, intervensi adaptif maupun intervensi tunggal tidak efektif meningkatkan jumlah pemakaian masker di kafe. Pada pembentukan kebiasaan, intervensi adaptif tidak lebih unggul dibandingkan intervensi tunggal dalam meningkatkan mean post-test SRBAI (Self-Report Behavioural Automaticity Index). Kombinasi intervensi fear appeal berbasis antropomorfisme dan lisensi moral justru menunjukkan dampak negatif terhadap pembentukan kebiasaan memakai masker setelah makan-minum di kafe. Temuan mengindikasikan bahwa intervensi adaptif berpotensi meningkatkan efektivitas intervensi sosial dengan tantangannya tersendiri.

Wearing masks as a habitual practice holds significant importance due to its positive impact on long-term health. However, in Indonesia, the adoption of mask-wearing habits remains relatively low and insufficient. This intervention aims to examine the effectiveness of an adaptive intervention compared to a fixed intervention in developing mask-wearing habits in caf�s. The adaptive intervention combines three strategies: anthropomorphism-based fear appeal, reactance, and moral licensing, which are administered sequentially based on participant needs and responses. Our claims posited that the adaptive intervention would result in a greater number of mask-wearing instances and higher mask-wearing habits than the fixed intervention. The first claim is examined in a sample of 135 participants who don’t wear masks upon entering or while waiting for their orders in caf�s, while the second claim is tested on 96 participants who has completed a post-intervention questionnaire and subsequently visited a caf�. The results showed that both adaptive interventions and fixed interventions were ineffective in increasing mask usage in cafes. In terms of habit formation, adaptive interventions did not outperform fixed interventions in improving the mean post-test SRBAI (Self-Report Behavioural Automaticity Index). The combination of fear appeal interventions based on anthropomorphism and moral licensing had a negative impact on the habit formation of wearing masks after eating or drinking in cafes. These findings suggest that adaptive interventions have the potential to enhance the effectiveness of social interventions, but they come with their own challenges."

Depok: Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia, 2023

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UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library

Agnes Fedra

Hubungan kondisi psikologis dan halitosis subjektif pada remaja di DKI Jakarta tahun 2020 = Relationship between psychological condition and subjective halitosis in adolescent in DKI Jakarta in 2020.

"Latar Belakang: Halitosis subjektif merupakan masalah yang umum terjadi di masyarakat. Masalah psikologis remaja DKI Jakarta juga memiliki prevalensi yang tinggi. Penelitian mengenai pengaruh masalah psikologis seperti cemas, depresi, dan stres terhadap halitosis subjektif masih kurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh faktor psikologis terhadap halitosis subjektif.

Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional dan diuji menggunakan analisis Chi-square dan korelasi spearman.

Hasil: Masalah kondisi psikologis pada remaja DKI Jakarta yang berdomisili di DKI Jakarta pada tahun 2020 masih tinggi, khususnya tingkat kecemasan. Analisis dengan menggunakan uji korelasi spearman menunjukkan bahwa faktor psikologis seperti cemas, depresi, stress dan jumlah masalah psikologis memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan terjadinya halitosis subjektif (p<0.05).

Kesimpulan: Masalah psikologis pada remaja yang berdomisili di DKI Jakarta memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan terjadinya halitosis subjektif.

Background: Subjective halitosis is a common problem in society. Psychological problems in adolescents who live in DKI Jakarta in 2020 have a high prevalence. There are only few information about psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, and stress can affect subjective halitosis. The aim of the study is to determine the relationship between psychological problems and subjective halitosis.
Methods: The study is using cross-sectional design and analyzed with Chi-Square and Spearman correlation analysis.
Results: The prevalence of psychological problems is high, especially anxiety level. Analisis using the spearman correlation showed that psychological factors such as anxiety, depression, stress and amount of pcychologic problem had a statiscally significant relationship with the occurrence of subjective halitosis (p<0.05).
Conclusion: There is correlation between psychological problems in adolescents who live in DKI Jakarta with subjective halitosis."

Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2021

S-pdf

UI - Skripsi Membership Universitas Indonesia Library

Sri Utami Ayuningsih Mariani Soedarsono

Pendidikan inklusi dan hubungannya dengan perkembangan komunikasi dan interaksi sosial pada anak autistik (penelitian di beberapa sekolah dasar di Jakarta)

"Autisme meningkat pesat di seluruh dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Tahun 2000-an diperkirakan 1 per 150 anak menyandang autisme di setiap penjuru dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Salah satu karakteristik autisme adalah adanya kekurangan dalam interaksi sosial dan komunikasi. Anak autistik tampak tidak tertarik untuk bermain bersama teman dan lebih suka menyendiri. Perkembangan bahasanya lambat dan bicara tidak dipakai untuk alat berkomunikasi (APA dalam Welton, Vakil dan Caresea, 2004). Pendidikan inklusi merupakan salah satu bentuk layanan pendidikan bagi anak autistik (Diknas, 2001), di mana di dalam pendidikan inklusi anak diikutsertakan dalam proses pembelajaran bersama anak-anak normal lainnya. Pendidikan inklusi mempunyai hubungan yang positif dalam memperbaiki komunikasi dan interaksi sosial bagi anak autistik (Kamps, 2002).

Namun berdasarkan pengamatan yang tidak sistematis dan tidak formal yang dilakukan penulis di beberapa sekolah dasar di Jakarta menunjukkan bahwa anak autistik yang ikut serta dalam pendidikan inklusi belum memperlihatkan perkembangan yang nyata dalam komunikasi dan interaksi sosialnya. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan suatu penelitian untuk melihat bagaimana hubungan antara pendidikan inklusi dengan perkembangan komunikasi dan interaksi sosial anak autistik di sekolah dasar yang diikutinya di Jakarta.

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian non eksperimental dengan melakukan penelitian di lapangan. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menguji hipotesis melalui metode korelasi. Sampel penelitian adalah 21 anak autistik yang tersebar pada 14 SD negeri dan swasta di DKI Jakarta. Alat ukur berupa kuesioner dibuat sendiri oleh penulis khusus untuk penelitian ini, di mana data diambil melalui guru dan orang tua mereka.

Hasil analisis memperlihatkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pendidikan inklusi dengan perkembangan komunikasi dan interaksi sosial pada anak autistik. Hal ini disebabkan pendidikan inklusi pada penelitian ini belum memiliki seluruh komponen yang menjadi kriteria penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusi. Hal ini dibuktikan bahwa mayoritas sekolah regular menerima anak autistik tanpa didasari pengetahuan tentang kondisi anak, pelatihan guru, pendataan anak, serta tidak adanya persiapan sebelum menerima anak. Selain itu tidak adanya data yang lengkap tentang kondisi anak sebelum mengikuti pendidikan inklusi maka data yang diperoleh hanya data kondisi komunikasi dan interaksi sosial saat ini sehingga tidak dapat diperoleh berapa besar perkembangannya. Namun mayoritas anak autistik yang ikut serta dalam pendidikan inklusi di sekolah regular memperoleh kemajuan, baik di bidang komunikasi, interaksi sosial, akademik, motorik maupun kemandirian.

Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah perlunya kesiapan sekolah dengan memiliki seluruh komponen yang menjadi kriteria penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusi, serta perlunya pendataan bagi siswa yang ikut serta dalam pendidikan inklusi secara lengkap dan akurat untuk melihat perkembangannya. Saran dari penelitian ini adalah adanya kolaborasi dari semua pihak untuk bersama-sama membantu anak autistik agar memperoleh kemajuan, serta perhatian yang nyata (konkrit) dari instansi pemerintah terkait untuk kemajuan pendidikan anak autistik di Indonesia."

Depok: Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia, 2005

T18602

UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library

Najat

Studi komparatif kemampuan interaksi sosial antara anak tunagrahita yang mengikuti dan yang tidak mengikuti pembinaan Pramuka = Comparative study of social interaction between mentally retardation children with and without Scouting

"Kemampuan interaksi sosial dapat membantu dalam meningkatkan fungsi otak Tunagrahita yang merupakan salah satu tipe anak keterbelakangan mental dan dengan skor social quotient yang rendah. Meningkatkan kemampuan interaksi sosial anak tunagrahita dapat melalui salah satu sarana, yaitu Pramuka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan kemampuan interaksi sosial anak tunagrahita yang ikut Pramuka dengan yang tidak melalui desain penelitian komparatif, sehingga hasil akhir penelitian ini dapat membantu dalam melakukan peningkatan kemampuan interaksi sosial anak di masyarakat nantinya.

Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh antara variabel independen (Pembinaan Pramuka) terhadap variabel dependen (Kemampuan interaksi sosial anak Tunagrahita). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada 27 anak siaga SLB Nusantara dan SLBN Depok secara total sampling, menggunakan lembar observasi yang valid dan reliable diisi oleh enumerator yang sebelumnya dilakukan diskusi kecil untuk menyamakan persepsi.Uji yang digunakan adalah uji T-independen dan menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kemampuan interakasi sosial anak yang ikut pembinaan dengan yang tidak.

The ability of social interaction could help in improving brain function of children with mental retardation and social quotient scores were low. Improve social interaction skills of children with mental retardation could be through one means, namely Scouts. This study aimed to see differences in the ability of social interaction children with mental retardation who were not Scouts through comparative research design, so that the final results of this study could help in making a child's social interaction skills enhancement in public later.
This study examined the influence of the independent variable (Coaching Scouting) on the dependent variable (social interaction ability of children with mental retardation). The experiment was conducted on 27 children stand in SLB Nusantara and SLBN Depok in total sampling, used a sheet of valid and reliable observation by enumerators who had previously filled a small discussion to follow the same perception. Test used the T-independent test and lead to the conclusion that there were differences in the interaction of social skills training with children who did not participate."

Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Indonesia, 2013

S46429

UI - Skripsi Membership Universitas Indonesia Library

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