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"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara empiris dampak penggunaan internet terhadap kerawanan pangan rumah tangga pertanian di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan bersumber dari Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) dan Pendataan Potensi Desa (Podes) tahun 2018. Variabel kerawanan pangan diukur dengan menggunakan raw score dan rasch score berdasarkan Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). Sementara itu, variabel penggunaan internet merupakan variabel binari. Estimasi dampak penggunaan internet terhadap kerawanan pangan menggunakan instrumental variable model dengan instrumental variable yaitu topografi untuk mengatasi masalah endogenitas dalam menjelaskan hubungan sebab akibat antara penggunaan internet dengan kerawanan pangan. Dalam penelitian ini juga memeriksa salah satu mekanisme potensial yaitu melalui pendapatan per kapita rumah tangga. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan internet berpengaruh negatif terhadap kerawanan pangan rumah tangga pertanian baik itu raw score dan rasch score, artinya penggunaan internet mampu menurunkan kerawanan pangan rumah tangga pertanian. Analisis lebih lanjut menunjukkan bahwa dampak penggunaan internet menurunkan kerawanan pangan rumah tangga pertanian bisa melalui jalur pendapatan.

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This study aims to analyze the impact of internet use on agricultural household food insecurity in Indonesia. This study uses data from the National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) 2018 and Village Potential Census (Podes) 2018. The food insecurity variable is measured using a raw score and a rasch score based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) question item. Meanwhile, the internet usage variable is a binary variable. Estimation the impact of internet use on food insecurity uses an instrumental variable model with an instrumental variable, namely topography to overcome endogeneity in explaining the causal effect between internet use and household food insecurity. This study also exemines one potential mechanism, namely through household per capita income. The results of this study indicate that the internet use has a negative effect on food insecurity of agricultural households, both raw scores and rasch scores. It means that the internet use can reduce food insecurity in agricultural households. The further analysis shows that the internet use can reduce food insecurity in agricultural households through income"

"Hingga saat ini, kerawanan pangan masih menjadi isu pembangunan yang penting di negara berpendapatan rendah dan menengah, termasuk Indonesia. Di sisi lain, inklusi keuangan diyakini mampu mengakselerasi pencapaian SDGs, diantaranya dalam hal penurunan kerawanan pangan. Meskipun demikian, studi yang meneliti pengaruh inklusi keuangan terhadap kerawanan pangan menghasilkan kesimpulan yang inkonklusif. Di Indonesia, studi mengenai hal tersebut juga masih jarang dilakukan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini ingin menganalisis pengaruh inklusi keuangan terhadap kerawanan pangan rumah tangga di Indonesia, baik secara umum maupun menurut kelompok tertentu. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) 2020. Variabel kerawanan pangan diukur melalui skor kerawanan pangan berdasarkan Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) melalui dua cara, yaitu raw score dan rasch scale. Sementara itu, variabel inklusi keuangan diukur menurut aksesibilitas rumah tangga pada beberapa layanan keuangan formal yang mencakup tabungan, kredit, asuransi dan e-banking. Estimasi pengaruh inklusi keuangan terhadap kerawanan pangan dilakukan dengan metode 2SLS Lewbel karena tidak tersedianya instrumen eksternal yang valid. Hasil estimasi menujukkan inklusi keuangan berpengaruh secara negatif terhadap kerawanan pangan. Menurut kelompok pendapatan, inklusi keuangan hanya signifikan mempengaruhi penurunan kerawanan pangan pada kelompok pendapatan rendah. Sementara menurut lokasi tempat tinggal, inklusi keuangan hanya berpengaruh pada penurunan kerawanan rumah tangga di perdesaan.

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To date, food insecurity remains as one of important development issues in low and middle income country, including Indonesia. On the other hand, financial inclusion is recognized in accelerating SDGs achievement, such as lowering food insecurity. However, the studies related to the relationship between financial inclusion and food insecurity remains inconclusive. This study, therefore, aims to analyze the impact of financial inclusion on household food insecurity in Indonesia. This study uses National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) 2020. The food insecurity variable is measured based on Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) which calculated in two ways, namely raw score and rasch scale. Meanwhile, the financial inclusion variable is measured based on the household accessibility to financial services, namely saving, credit, insurance, and e-banking. The effect of financial inclusion on food insecurity is estimated by 2SLS Lewbel since there’s no valid external instrument. The result of the estimation showed that financial inclusion has significant negative effect on household food insecurity. Based on income category, this effect is only found to be significant on lower income household. While based on location, financial inclusion only affect household in rural area."

"The rising food price has been signaling a crisis to food insecurity among the poor since the period of 2007/2008. The poor would be in a difficult situation to allocate the budget to meet the demand for food and nonfood in daily life as the real income changes. Food insecurity measured by Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) is a most recent broadened concept of food insecurity considering the existence of anxiety to food access. This research aims to evaluate the causal inference of food price exposure to the FIES both on simple sum namely raw score and Rasch scale, a corrected measure which assuming the same latent traits among the households. The estimation used is Pooled Ordinary Least Square through the multilevel observations and Panel Regression for regional-level data. The main finding of this research is that the rising food price significantly affected the FIES, consistently on the raw score and Rasch scale, specifically to the vulnerable households defined by the bottom 40 percent in terms of their expenditure. The rising food price also increased the proportion of severely food insecure households at the regional level. As the heterogeneous effect through islands is also evaluated, it's concluded that the highest effect of the rising food price to experiencing the anxiety of food insecurity belongs households located in Bali and the lowest effect belongs to households located in Java Island. Decomposing food price into rice and nonrice is solving the puzzle where and who belongs the worse effect should be. The rising rice price is affecting worse to the households in Sumatera and Papua, but on the contrary, the households in Java, Nusa Tenggara, and Sulawesi were taking benefit amid the rising rice price. The result is also serving as a baseline in evaluating the impact of such an outbreak namely Covid-19 through the channel of compensating variations regarding food insecurity. "

"Ketahanan pangan rumah tangga berhubungan dengan berbagai macam gangguan kesehatan seperti malnutrisi, stunting, overweight, obesitas, dan gangguan kesehatan mental. Indonesia adalah satu-satunya negara di dunia dengan prevalensi tinggi terhadap tiga jenis malnutrisi, wasting, stunting, and overweight. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari apakah terdapat perbedaan ketahanan pangan pada rumah tangga yang dikepalai laki-laki dan perempuan di Indonesia sepanjang kurun waktu 1993-2018. Data yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah data pooled-crossection yang berasal dari Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) dan Sensus Potensi Desa (Podes). Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi logistik multinomial. Rumah tangga yang dikepalai perempuan cenderung tidak lebih rawan pangan dibandingkan dengan rumah tangga yang dikepalai laki-laki. Faktor sosial ekonomi, keragaman konsumsi, bencana alam, akses infrastruktur, kewilayahan, dan tekanan ekonomi, secara statistik signifikan memengaruhi ketahanan pangan rumah tangga.

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Household food security correlates to a variety of health problems such as malnutrition, stunting, overweight, obesity, and mental health. Indonesia is the only country in the world with a high prevalence of three types of malnutrition wasting, stunting, and overweightThis study aims to analyze the food security of male and female-headed households in Indonesia during 1993-2018. This study uses a nationally representative survey in Indonesia, also known as Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) and Village Census (Potensi Desa). The analytical method uses multinomial logistic regression analysis. This study finds that female headed-household found to be more food secure than male at counterpart. Many socio-demographic variables, socio-economic, road infrastructure and economic shock have a significant association with food security status."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ketahanan pangan rumah tangga menurut karakteristik rumah tangga di Indonesia dengan analisis deskriptif dan analisis multinomial logit, serta menentukan karakteristik rumah tangga yang perlu intervensi Raskin di Indonesia Tahun 2011. Hasil analisis deskriptif dan analisis multinomial logit menemukan bahwa rumah tangga lebih tahan pangan bila pendidikan kepala rumah tangga semakin tinggi, jumlah anggota rumah tangga kecil, pekerjaan kepala rumah tangga di non pertanian, pendapatan per kapita besar, dan daerah tempat tinggal di perkotaan. Raskin relatif tepat sasaran. Raskin sebaiknya diprioritaskan pada rumah tangga yang dikepalai perempuan, berpendidikan dasar, dan bekerja di pertanian maupun non pertanian. Rumah tangga di perdesaan memiliki probabilitas rawan pangan terbesar, sedangkan rumah tangga di perkotaan memiliki probabilitas tahan pangan terkecil. Karakteristik rumah tangga yang tidak berhak menerima Raskin adalah rumah tangga yang dikepalai laki-laki, berpendidikan tinggi, dan bekerja di pertanian maupun non pertanian.

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This study aims to analyze the food security of households by household characteristics in Indonesia with descriptive analysis and multinomial logit analysis, and determine the characteristics of households that need intervention of Raskin in Indonesia in 2011. Descriptive analysis and multinomial logit analysis found that households more food secure if the education of household head is higher, number of household members is smaller, the household head work in the non-agricultural, income per capita is larger, and the area where household live in urban areas. Raskin relatively on target. Raskin should be prioritized on womenheaded households, basic education, and and work in agriculture and nonagriculture. Households in rural areas have the largest probability of food insecurity, while urban households had the smallest probability of food security. Characteristics of households that are not eligible to receive Raskin are households headed by men, highly educated, and work in agriculture and nonagriculture."

"Ketahanan pangan merupakan bagian dari ketahanan ekonomi yang mendukung ketahanan nasional. Ketidakmampuan untuk mencapai ketahanan pangan disebut sebagai kerawanan pangan. Angka Rawan Pangan (ARP) tertinggi berada pada kawasan Maluku Papua. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur tingkat kerawanan pangan rumah tangga berdasarkan Angka Kecukupan Gizi (AKG) dan Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) di kawasan Maluku Papua, menganalisis model risiko atas kerawanan pangan rumah tangga tersebut, dan menyusun strategi pengendalian risiko atas kerawanan pangan rumah tangga tersebut. Data yang digunakan merupakan Data Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) Maret 2018 yang diselenggarakan oleh BPS. Tingkat kerawanan rumah tangga di kawasan Maluku Papua menurut AKG pada kategori sangat rawan pangan sebesar 26,2 persen dan pada kategori rawan pangan sebesar 28,2 persen, sedangkan menurut FIES pada kategori rawan pangan berat sebesar 2,1 persen dan pada kategori rawan pangan sedang sebesar 10,7 persen. Risiko kerawanan rumah tangga berdasarkan AKG secara signifikan meningkat pada usia KRT yang lebih muda, jenis kelamin KRT laki-laki, jenis pekerjaan KRT pada selain sektor formal, KRT berstatus tidak bekerja, pendidikan KRT yang lebih rendah, tingkat pengeluaran rumah tangga yang lebih rendah, jumlah anggota rumah tangga yang lebih banyak, rumah tangga yang tidak memperoleh bantuan pangan, rumah tangga miskin, tinggal pada daerah perkotaan, dan tinggal pada daerah rawan pangan. Risiko kerawanan rumah tangga berdasarkan FIES di kawasan Maluku Papua secara signifikan meningkat pada usia KRT yang lebih muda, jenis kelamin KRT perempuan, jenis pekerjaan KRT pada selain sektor formal, KRT tidak bekerja, pendidikan KRT yang lebih rendah, tingkat pengeluaran rumah tangga yang lebih tinggi, rumah tangga yang memperoleh bantuan pangan, tinggal di daerah perkotaan, dan tinggal pada daerah rawan pangan. Upaya pengendalian risiko kerawanan pangan rumah tangga di kawasan Maluku Papua dapat dioptimalkan dengan pemberdayaan rumah tangga.

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Food security is a part of economic security which supports national security. Food security is the inability to achieve food security. The food insecurity rate in Maluku and Papua is the highest. The purposes of this study are to measure the level of household food insecurity based on Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) and Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) in Maluku and Papua, analyze the risk model of household food insecurity, and also develop a strategy for controlling risk of household food insecurity. This study uses Sosio-Economic National Survey (Susenas) Data by Statistics Indonesia on March 2018. According to RDA, the level of household most food insecurity is 26.2 percent and the level of household food insecurity is 28.2 percent. According to FIES, the level of household severe food insecurity is 2.1 percent and the level of household moderate food insecurity is 10.7 percent. The risk of household food insecurity based on RDA in Maluku and Papua significantly increases among the younger household head, male household head, household head who is not working in the formal sector, unemployment household head, lower level of household expenditure, bigger household size, household that do not receive food assistance, poor household, live in urban area, and live in food insecure areas. The risk of household food insecurity based on FIES in Maluku and Papua significantly increases among the younger household head, male household head, household head who is not working in the formal sector, unemployment household head, lower level of household expenditure, bigger household size, household that do not receive food assistance, poor household, live in urban area, and live in food insecure areas. The efforts to control the risk of household food insecurity in Maluku Papua can be optimized by household empowerment."

"ABSTRAKFood coping strategy adalah upaya seseorang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan makanan disaat makanan tidak tersedia dan tidak memiliki uang untuk membeli makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan beberapa faktor terhadap food coping strategy pada mahasiswa program Bidikmisi di beberapa fakultas terpilih di Universitas Indonesia tahun 2017. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional. Subjek penelitian ini merupakan mahasiswa program Bidikmisi dari Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Fakultas Teknik yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 125 orang yang dipilih dengan menggunakan metode simple random sampling. Data penelitian didapatkan dengan cara wawancara kuesioner menggunakan modifikasi Coping Strategies Index dan pengukuran antropometri berupa tinggi badan dan berat badan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebesar 98.4 mahasiswa Bidikmisi pernah melakukan food coping strategy dalam 7 hari terakhir dan skor food coping strategy memiliki rata-rata 23.42 14.27. Perilaku yang paling sering dilakukan antara lain mengurangi kebiasaan jajan atau snack, membeli makanan siap saji dan memilih makanan yang lebih murah atau kurang disukai. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan ada hubungan antara tahun angkatan masuk dengan food coping strategy p = 0.047 . Selain itu hubungan yang bermakna juga ditemukan pada variabel food coping strategy dengan asupan energi dan asupan karbohidrat mahasiswa Bidikmisi p = 0.028; p=0.020.

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ABSTRACTFood coping strategy is what you do when you don rsquo t have adequate food and don rsquo t have the money to buy food. The purpose of this study was to find out the association between some factors with food coping strategy in Bidikmisi students of selected faculties in University of Indonesia 2017. This is a quantitative research with cross sectional study design. Subject of this study is 125 Bidikmisi students who meet the criterias from 3 selected faculties which are Faculty of Economy and Business, Faculty of Public Health and Faculty of Engineering. Data of this research obtained by questionnaires using modified coping strategies index and anthropometry measurements for height and weight. Results of this study showed as much as 98.4 of Bidikmisi students have done food coping strategy in last 7 days and the average of food coping strategy was 23.42 14.27. Bivariate results using independent T test showed a significant association between college entrance year and food coping strategy p 0.047 . In bivariate results of dietary intake using correlation and linier regression test showed a significant association between food coping strategy and energy intake p 0.028 and also carbohydrate intake p 0.020."

"Krisis ekonomi global tahun 2008 telah menyebabkan terjadinya gejolak harga pangan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat responsiveness permintaan bahan pangan pokok terhadap perubahan harga bahan pangan pokok itu sendiri, harga barang lain, serta pendapatan. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak perubahan harga pangan pokok terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat di Indonesia yang disebabkan oleh krisis global tahun 2008. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) tahun 2008 dan 2013 serta data Potensi Desa (Podes) tahun 2008 dan 2011 dan diestimasi dengan menggunakan model log-log (double log).Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa harga bahan pangan pokok bersifat inelastis terhadap permintaan bahan pangan pokok itu sendiri. Sementara, permintaan seluruh bahan pangan pokok sangat responsif terhadap pendapatan. Di sisi lain, kenaikan harga bahan pangan pokok yang terjadi dari tahun 2008 ke 2013 telah menyebabkan kesejahteraan masyarakat Indonesia secara total menurun sebesar Rp. 68.899.320.413 selama kurun waktu tersebut.

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The 2008 global economic crisis has led to the volatility in food prices in Indonesia. This study aims to examine the responsiveness of the staple food demand to the price changes of staple food itself, the price of other foods, and incomes. In addition, the purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the staple food price changes on household welfare in Indonesia caused by the 2008 global economic crisis. This study uses the household survey data of the National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas) of 2008 and 2013 as well as data of Village Potential (Podes) of 2011 and 2013, and is estimated using a double log model.

The results from this study indicate that the price of the staple food to the demand for staple food itself is inelastic. Meanwhile, the demand of staple food is responsive to income. On the other hand, with the increase in staple food prices that occurred from 2008 to 2013 has led to the decrease on Indonesian household welfare in total Rp. 68.899.320.413 during this period."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh resiliensi terhadap kerawanan pangan rumah tangga di Indonesia. Studi ini menggunakan data Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) dan Pendataan Potensi Desa (Podes) tahun 2018. Variabel resiliensi merupakan variabel laten berbentuk skor yang dibentuk dari pilar akses ke pelayanan dasar, kapasitas adaptif, aset, dan jaring pengaman sosial. Sementara variabel kerawanan pangan didekati dengan Rasch Scale dan Raw Score berdasarkan Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). Estimasi skor resiliensi dilakukan menggunakan analisis faktor dan Structural Equation Model (SEM). Setelah melakukan estimasi skor resiliensi, estimasi menggunakan variabel instrumen dengan metode Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan kausalitas antara resiliensi dan kerawanan pangan. Variabel instrumen yang digunakan adalah jumlah satuan perlindungan masyarakat di desa rumah tangga tinggal sebagai salah satu bentuk pendekatan kualitas institusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat resiliensi maka semakin rendah tingkat kerawanan pangan rumah tangga. Peningkatan skor resiliensi sebesar 1 satuan akan menurunkan tingkat kerawanan pangan sebesar 0,733 satuan. Peran resiliensi dalam mengurangi kerawanan pangan cukup besar yaitu sebesar 22,212 relatif terhadap rata-rata Rasch Scale seluruh observasi.

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This study aims to determine the impact of resilience on household food insecurity in Indonesia. This study uses data from the National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) and Village Potential Data Collection (Podes) in 2018. The resilience variabel is a latent variabel in the form of a score formed from the pillars of access to basic services, adaptive capacity, assets, and social safety nets. Meanwhile, the food insecurity variabel is approached by the Rasch Scale and Raw Score based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). Estimation of the resilience score was carried out using factor analysis and Structural Equation Model (SEM). After estimating the resilience score, estimation using instrument variabels with the Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) method was carried out to determine the causal relationship between resilience and food insecurity. The number of community protection units (linmas) in residential villages is used as instrumental variabel as a form of institutional quality approach. The results showed that the higher the level of resilience, the lower the level of household food insecurity. An increase in the resilience score by 1 unit will reduce the level of food insecurity by 0.733 units. The role of resilience in reducing food insecurity is quite large, around 22.212 relative to the average Rasch Scale of all observations."

"ABSTRAKPenggunaan internet bermasalah ialah ketidakmampuan individu untuk mengontrol dirinya dalam menggunakan internet sehingga hal ini menimbulkan kesulitan dan gangguan fungsional pada dirinya. Hal ini dianggap memiliki hubungan dengan perilaku hiperaktivitas yaitu gangguan perhatian, hiperaktif, dan impulsif yang menyebabkan penurunan besar pada aktivitas hidupnya. Dalam penelitian ini, subjek penelitian adalah siswa-siswi SMP Pancoran Mas Kota Depok Provinsi Jawa Barat pada tahun 2017 untuk meneliti hubungan hiperaktivitas terhadap penggunaan internet bermasalah. Adapun desain studi yang digunakan ialah cross sectional pada 300 subjek yang diwawancarai dengan Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire SDQ dan Young 39;s Internet Addiction Scale. Setelah itu analisis data dilakukan dengan uji chisquare. Dari total subjek, terdapat 10,7 sunbjek yang mengalami hiperaktivitas dan 27 subjek yang mengalami penggunaan internet bermasalah. Ditemukan tidak adanya hubungan antara hiperaktivitas dengan penggunaan internet bermasalah P=0,490 . Tidak adanya hubungan antara hiperaktivitas terhadap penggunaan internet bermasalah disebabkan oleh banyak faktor. Meskipun di beberapa penelitian menyebutkan keduanya saling berhubungan secara signifikan, namun di Indonesia sendiri belum pernah ada penelitiannya dan di penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa keduanya tidak berhubungan secara signifikan.

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ABSTRACTProblematic internet use is the inability of the individual to control himself in using the internet so this causes trouble and functional disturbance in him. It is considered to have a relationship with attention problem, hyperactive, and impulsivity which causes impairment in life function. In this research, the subjects were taken on students of SMP Pancoran Mas Depok West Java Province in 2017. The study design used was cross sectional in 300 subjects interviewed with Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire SDQ and Young 39 s Internet Addiction Scale . After that the data analysis is done by chisquare test. Of the total subject, there were 10.7 experienced hyperactivity and 27 experienced problematic internet use. There is no relation between hyperactivity with problematic internet use P 0,490 . The absence of a link between the of hyperactivity in problematic internet use is caused by many factors. Although in some studies mentioned the two are interconnected significantly. There is no previous research studying this topic. In this study, it is found that there is no sighnificant relation between the two variables."