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"COVID-19 memberikan tantangan pengasuhan baru bagi ibu bekerja yang memiliki anak usia sekolah dasar. Kondisi tersebut berdampak pada rendahnya keyakinan ibu dalam pengasuhan karena ibu merasa bahwa waktu dan tenaga yang dapat dialokasikan dalam pengasuhan tidak maksimal. Rendahnya keyakinan diri ibu dalam pengasuhan sebenarnya dapat diatasi melalui mindful parenting sebagai strategi pengasuhan baru yang fokus pada aspek interpersonal maupun intrapersonal ibu. Akan tetapi, penelitian yang melandasi hal tersebut masih sangat terbatas. Maka, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kontribusi mindful parenting terhadap parenting self-efficacy pada ibu bekerja yang memiliki anak usia sekolah dasar (N=306) menggunakan Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale dan Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index. Uji analisis regresi dengan mengontrol variabel demografis yang berkaitan dengan pengalaman pengasuhan menunjukkan bahwa mindful parenting berkontribusi dalam memprediksi parenting self-efficacy. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar untuk penelitian lanjutan sekaligus menunjukkan bahwa intervensi untuk meningkatkan parenting selfefficacy dapat dilakukan melalui pelatihan implementasi mindful parenting.

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COVID-19 becomes new challenge for working mothers with primary school-age children. This condition has an impact on the mother’s low efficacy in parenting because the time and energy that can be allocated in parenting is limited. Low parenting self-efficacy can actually be overcome through mindful parenting as a new parenting strategy which focus on interpersonal and intrapersonal aspect of mother. However, the research that underlies contribution of mindful parenting toward parenting self-efficacy is still very limited. Thus, this study aims to investigate the contribution of mindful parenting toward parenting self-efficacy in working mothers with primay school-age children (N=306) using Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale and Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index. The multiple linear regression analysis test by controlling demographic variables showed that mindful parenting was contributes to predicting parenting self-efficacy. The result of this study can be used as the basis for further research and show that intervention to increase parenting self-efficacy able to be done through implementation of mindful parenting."

"Membangun hubungan romantis adalah tugas penting ketika individu memasuki tahap perkembangan dewasa. Tidak heran jika banyak individu dewasa yang mendambakan pernikahan untuk menjalin hubungan romantis jangka panjang dan menghindari perasaan terisolasi. Namun, pernikahan tidak selalu memuaskan sebab disertai dengan konflik dan tantangan yang salah satunya terkait dengan pengasuhan anak. Oleh karena itu, penting memiliki strategi pengasuhan yang tepat guna mengatasi tantangan mengasuh anak serta mempertahankan kepuasan pernikahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara mindful parenting dan kepuasan pernikahan. Partisipan merupakan ibu yang sudah menikah, memiliki anak usia sekolah dasar, dan tidak pernah bercerai. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale (IMP) untuk mengukur mindful parenting dan Couple Satisfaction Index (CSI) untuk mengukur kepuasan pernikahan. Berdasarkan korelasi Pearson dengan 317 partisipan, ditemukan korelasi positif yang signifikan antara mindful parenting dan kepuasan pernikahan. Artinya, semakin sering ibu menerapkan mindful parenting, semakin tinggi kepuasan pernikahannya. Begitu pula sebaliknya. Hasil penelitian ini memperkaya tinjauan literatur mindful parenting dan kepuasan pernikahan. Selain itu, diharapkan ibu lebih termotivasi melatih penerapan mindful parenting dan intervensi mindful parenting semakin berkembang, khususnya untuk meningkatkan kepuasan pernikahan.

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Developing romantic relationship becomes an important task when an individual enters the adult developmental stage. As a result, adults want to marry in order to establish a long-term romantic relationship and avoid feelings of isolation. However, marriage is not always fulfilling due to the conflicts and challenges that arise as a result of it, one of which is related to child rearing. Therefore, parenting style is critical for overcoming challenges and maintaining marital satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between mindful parenting and marital satisfaction. Participants are married mothers with children in elementary school age who have never been divorced. The Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale (IMP) is used to assess mindful parenting and Couple Satisfaction Index (CSI) is used to assess marital satisfaction. Pearson correlation with 317 mothers demonstrates a positive and significant correlation between mindful parenting and marital satisfaction. The more often mothers practice mindful parenting, the higher their marital satisfaction and vice versa. The findings of this study can contribute to the existing literature on mindful parenting and marital satisfaction. Furthermore, mothers might be more motivated to practice mindful parenting, as well as mindful parenting interventions might emerge, particularly for increasing marital satisfaction."

"COVID-19 merupakan fenomena yang menjadi tantangan bagi ibu bekerja karena harus mengalami berbagai perubahan di berbagai aspek seperti pekerjaan dan merawat anak. Perubahan tersebut mengharuskan ibu dan anak terus beradaptasi sehingga rentan menimbulkan stres pengasuhan. Beberapa penelitian membuktikan mindful parenting mampu mengurangi stres pengasuhan pada orang tua. Maka, penelitian ini ingin melihat kontribusi mindful parenting terhadap stres pengasuhan pada partisipan khusus yaitu ibu bekerja yang memiliki anak kelas 1 sampai 3 Sekolah Dasar (SD). Partisipan (n=343, Musia = 35.88) diuji menggunakan Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale (IM-P) dan Parental Stress Scale (PSS). Uji analisis regresi linear menunjukkan 24.5% proporsi varians stres pengasuhan dapat dijelaskan oleh mindful parenting. Korelasi negatif menunjukkan peningkatan mindful parenting membuat stres pengasuhan menurun pada ibu bekerja yang memiliki anak kelas 1 sampai 3 SD. Dengan demikian, harapannya penelitian ini mampu memberikan sumbangsih jangka panjang di bidang penelitian dan menumbuhkan kesadaran pentingan menerapkan praktik pengasuhan yang positif.

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COVID-19 is a phenomenon that becomes obstacle for working mothers because they undergo several changes in couple aspects such as work and rearing children. Those changes require mother and children to continuously adapt until they get parenting stress. Some studies proved that mindful parenting could reduce parenting stress toward parents. Therefore, this research is intended to see the contribution of mindful parenting to parenting stress in working mothers who have 1 to 3 primary grade children. The participants (n=343, Mage = 35.88) are tested by using the Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale and Parental Stress Scale. Simple linear regression show that 24.5% variance proportion of parenting stress can be described by mindful parenting. Negative correlation implies that increasing of mindful parenting make parenting stress decrease in working mothers who have 1 to 3 primary grade children. Therefore, we hope this research can provide long-term contribution in research field and to burgeon awareness of the important applying positive parenting practice."

"Tantangan penyesuaian peran ganda yang disebabkan oleh pandemi COVID-19 memberikan dampak buruk pada psychological well-being ibu yang bekerja, khususnya pada ibu yang bekerja dengan anak kelas 1-3 sekolah dasar karena adanya tantangan perkembangan serta perubahan sistem pembelajaran akibat pandemi COVID-19. Mindful parenting merupakan gaya pengasuhan yang dapat diterapkan untuk menghindari penurunan psychological well-being. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional yang bertujuan untuk melihat kontribusi mindful parenting terhadap psychological well-being pada ibu bekerja dengan anak yang duduk di kelas 1 sampai dengan 3 SD. Mindful parenting dan psychological well-being pada ibu bekerja dengan anak yang duduk di kelas 1 sampai dengan 3 SD (N=310) diukur menggunakan Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale dan Ryff’s Scale of Psychological Well-being. Hasil analisis statistik regresi linear sederhana menunjukkan bahwa mindful parenting memiliki kontribusi yang positif dan signifikan terhadap psychological well-being.

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The challenge of adjusting to multiple roles caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has a negative impact on the psychological well-being of working mothers. Especially for mothers who work with children in grades 1-3 of elementary school due to developmental challenges and changes in the learning system due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Mindful parenting is a parenting style that can be applied to avoid a decrease in psychological well-being. This correlational study aims to examine the contribution of mindful parenting to psychological well-being in working mothers with children who are in grades 1 to 3 of elementary school. Mindful parenting and psychological well-being of working mothers with children in grades 1 to 3 of elementary school (N=310) were measured using the Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale and Ryff's Scale of Psychological Well-being. The results of simple linear regression statistical analysis showed that mindful parenting had a positive and significant contribution to psychological well-being."

"[ABSTRAKbrTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan antara parenting self-efficacy dengan hardiness sebagai respon dari fenomena meningkatknya jumlah ibu tunggal bekerja dan memiliki kanak-kanak madya di Indonesia, agar bisa membantu menghadapi tekanan perannya dengan baik. Parenting self-efficacy adalah persepsi kemampuan dalam pengasuhan yang dimilikinya untuk secara positif mempengaruhi perilaku dan perkembangan anak (Coleman dan Karraker, 2000), sedangkan hardiness adalah variabel kepribadian yang memberikan kemampuan bagi individu untuk bertahan dalam kondisi yang kurang menguntungkan di dalam hidupnya (Kobasa, Maddi & Kahn, 1982). Penelitian ini dilakukan kepada 78 ibu tunggal bekerja yang memiliki kanak-kanak madya dengan metode kuesioner. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan secara positif antara parenting self-efficacy dengan hardiness (r = + 0.354; p < 0.01, two tails) yang diukur oleh 36 item Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI) dan 15 item Dispositional Resilience Scale 15 Revised (DRS-15 R).;The purpose of this study is to see the relationship between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness in respond to the phenomenon of the increasing number of single mother in Indonesia, in order to help them face the pressure of their role. Parenting self-efficacy refers to parents' perceptions of their ability to posi-tively influence the behavior and development of their children (Coleman & Karraker, 2000), while hardiness is a personality variable that functions as a resource to resist the negative consequences of adverse conditions (Kobasa, Maddi & Kahn, 1982). This correlational research has been done with 78 sample of working single mothers of middle childhood with a quetionaire method. The result shows that there‟s a positive and significant correlation between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness (r = + 0.354; p < 0.01, two tails) that is measured by 36 items of Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI), and 15 items of Dispositional Resilience Scale 15 Revised (DRS-15 R).;The purpose of this study is to see the relationship between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness in respond to the phenomenon of the increasing number of single mother in Indonesia, in order to help them face the pressure of their role. Parenting self-efficacy refers to parents' perceptions of their ability to posi-tively influence the behavior and development of their children (Coleman & Karraker, 2000), while hardiness is a personality variable that functions as a resource to resist the negative consequences of adverse conditions (Kobasa, Maddi & Kahn, 1982). This correlational research has been done with 78 sample of working single mothers of middle childhood with a quetionaire method. The result shows that there‟s a positive and significant correlation between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness (r = + 0.354; p < 0.01, two tails) that is measured by 36 items of Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI), and 15 items of Dispositional Resilience Scale 15 Revised (DRS-15 R)., The purpose of this study is to see the relationship between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness in respond to the phenomenon of the increasing number of single mother in Indonesia, in order to help them face the pressure of their role. Parenting self-efficacy refers to parents' perceptions of their ability to posi-tively influence the behavior and development of their children (Coleman & Karraker, 2000), while hardiness is a personality variable that functions as a resource to resist the negative consequences of adverse conditions (Kobasa, Maddi & Kahn, 1982). This correlational research has been done with 78 sample of working single mothers of middle childhood with a quetionaire method. The result shows that there‟s a positive and significant correlation between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness (r = + 0.354; p < 0.01, two tails) that is measured by 36 items of Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI), and 15 items of Dispositional Resilience Scale 15 Revised (DRS-15 R).]"

"Keluarga militer cenderung memiliki budaya khas yang berbeda dari keluarga pada umumnya. Budaya tersebut mencakup praktik pengasuhan bergaya militer, stres finansial, frekuensi perpindahan tempat tinggal yang tinggi (relokasi) dan perpisahan dengan pasangan akibat tugas dinas jarak jauh (deployment). Sejumlah penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya tersebut dapat memunculkan tantangan-tantangan yang dapat meningkatkan kerentanan stres pengasuhan pada istri anggota militer. Di samping itu, tugas pengasuhan anak usia sekolah dasar dapat menjadi tantangan tambahan yang dapat memicu stres pengasuhan pada istri anggota militer. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut, sejumlah penelitian telah menunjukkan bahwa praktik mindful parenting berhubungan dengan penurunan tingkat stres pengasuhan pada ibu dari berbagai latar belakang sosial. Selanjutnya, partisipan (n=135) diuji menggunakan Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale untuk mengukur mindful parenting dan The Parenting Stress Index – Short Form untuk mengukur tingkat stres pengasuhan. Dalam penelitian ini, menggunakan desain penelitain korelasional dengan jumlah sampel 135. Selanjutnya, uji korelasi menunjukkan adanya hubungan negatif antara mindful parenting dan stres pengasuhan. Hal ini menandakan bahwa semakin tinggi keterampilan mindful parenting maka semakin rendah tingkat stres pengasuhan. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat korelasi negatif antara kedua variabel, maupun dengan dimensi-dimensi mindful parenting.

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Military families tend to have a distinctive culture which different from other families. This culture includes military-style parenting practices, financial stress, high frequency of relocation and separation from spouse due to long-distance service assignments (deployment). A number of studies have shown that this culture can present challenges which can increase the vulnerability to parenting stress in mothers from military families. In addition, the task of caring for school age children which can be an additional challenge that can trigger parenting stress for mothers from military families. In this regard, a number of studies have shown that mindful parenting practices are associated with reduced levels of parenting stress in mothers from various social backgrounds. Thus, this study wanted to examine the relationship between mindful parenting and parenting stress on mothers from military families with school age children (6 to 12 years). Furthermore, participants (n=135) were tested using the Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale to measure mindful parenting capacity and The Parenting Stress Index – Short Form to measure the level of parenting stress. Trough convencience sampling technicque, participants with an age range of 24 until 55 years (M = 39, SD = 6,2). The correlation test showed a negative correlation between mindful parenting and parenting stress. This result indicates that the higher the mindful parenting skill, the lower the level of parenting stress."

"Penelitian skripsi ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara father involvement dengan parenting self-efficacy pada ibu yang memiliki anak usia kanak-kanak madya. Pada penelitian ini, pengukuran father involvement menggunakan alat ukur Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI) yang disusun oleh Hawkins dkk (2002), sedangkan pengukuran parenting self-efficacy menggunakan alat ukur Self-Efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI) yang disusun oleh Coleman & Karakker (2000). Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 79 ibu yang memiliki anak usia 5 - 12 tahun.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara father involvement dengan parenting selfefficacy (r = + 0,431; n = 79; p < 0,01; one tail). Dari hasil ini dapat dikatakan bahwa semakin tinggi keterlibatan suami dalam proses parenting, maka semakin tinggi pula parenting self-efficacy ibu. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut keterlibatan ayah dalam proses parenting perlu ditingkatkan karena dapat meningkatkan keyakinan ibu akan kemampuannya untuk menjalankan peran sebagai orangtua bagi anak-anaknya.

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This research was conducted to determine the relationship between father involvement and parenting self-efficacy among mothers of middle childhood. Father involvement was measured by Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI) (Hawkins et.al, 2002), parenting self-efficacy was measured by Self -Efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI) (Coleman & Karakker, 2000). Participants in this study were 79 mothers of children aged 5 - 12 years.

The results of this study indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between father involvement and parenting self-efficacy (r = + 0,431; n = 79; p < 0,01; one tail). From these results it can be said that the higher the father’s involvement in the parenting process, the higher the mother's parenting self-efficacy. Based on these results the involvement of fathers in the parenting process needs to be improved because the mother will have increased confidence in their ability to perform the role of a parent for their children."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai pengaruh tingkat parenting stress terhadap kualitas interaksi ibu-anak pada ibu yang memiliki anak usia toddler dan berasal dari keluarga miskin. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang menggunakan mix method design dalam proses pengumpulan data. Metode kuantitatif dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tingkat parenting stress terhadap kualitas interaksi ibu-anak. Tingkat parenting stress diukur melalui Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF) dan kualitas interaksi ibu-anak diukur melalui Parenting Interaction with Children: Checlist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO). Metode kualitatif berupa observasi dan wawancara, dilakukan unuk memperoleh gambaran yang komprehensif mengenai perilku partisipan ibu-anak. Partisipan penelitian ini berjumlah 71 pasang ibu dan anak usia 12 ? 36 bulan yang berasal dari keluarga miskin. Hasil utama penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat parenting stress tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kualitas interaksi ibu-anak (F=0,518, p>0,05, tidak signifikan pada L.o.S 0,05).

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This research was conducted to deript the effect of level of parenting stress towards mother-child interaction quality in mothers with toddler form poverty family. This research used the mixed method design for collecting data. Quantitative method used in order to analized the effext of level of parenting stress towards mother-child interaction quality. Level of parenting stress was measured by Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF) and mother-child interaction quality was measured by Parenting Interaction with Children: Checlist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO). Qualitative method executed by observation and interview in order to obtain the comprehensive overview about mother-child behavior. The participants of this research are 71 pairs of mothers and children age 12 ? 36 months who came from poverty families. The main results of this research showed that level of parenting stress did not significantly affect the quality of mother-child interaction (F = 0.518, p>0,05, insignificant at L.o.S 0,05)."

"Career indecision merupakan masalah yang cukup penting bagi kehidupan remaja saat ini. Jika hal ini terus berlanjut, maka remaja cenderung gagal dalam menentukan kariernya di masa depan. CDSE sebagai kapabilitas individu dalam pengambilan keputusan karier di masa depan, sangat dipengaruhi oleh dua faktor yaitu parenting styles (eksternal) dan thinking styles (internal). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh persepsi siswa SMA mengenai parenting styles orang tua yang dimediasi oleh thinking styles terhadap tingkat CDSE ketika membuat keputusan karier. Selain itu juga, penelitian ini akan menganalisis perbedaan gender yang terjadi pada remaja laki-laki dan perempuan, sehingga didapatkan data yang faktual terkait isu gender terhadap CDSE siswa SMA. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah kuantitatif non-eksperimental dengan jenis cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 617 orang siswa yang berasal dari tiga sekolah di Jakarta yang duduk di kelas 11 dan 12. Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale - Short Form (CDSE-SF), Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), Thinking Styles Inventory-Revised II (TSI-R2) menjadi alat ukur dalam penelitian ini. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Simple Mediation Model with Hayes's Model 4 dengan bantuan program SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) 23 ­- PROCESS Macro. Ditemukan bahwa CDSE pada siswa laki-laki secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh parenting styles ayah otoriter dan ibu otoritatif, sedangkan pada siswa perempuan dipengaruhi oleh parenting styles ayah otoritatif dan ibu otoriter, serta secara signifikan juga dipengaruhi oleh thingking styles Tipe I dan Tipe II. Pengujian mediasi menemukan bahwa variabel thinking styles secara signifikan menengahi beberapa hubungan antara parenting styles ayah dan ibu terhadap CDSE. Namun, ada beberapa keterbatasan, di mana implikasi untuk penelitian lebih lanjut diberikan.

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Career indecision has become a considerable issue among adolescents recently. Students would likely fail in determining their future career if this issue continued to occur. Career Decision Self-Efficacy (CDSE) as individual's capability in decision making related to future career was strongly influenced by parenting styles (external factor) and thinking styles (internal factor). This study aims to examine the effects of high school students' perceptions about their parents' parenting styles mediated by the thinking style on CDSE level in making various decisions related to their future career. In this study, the effects of gender between male and female adolescents was also analyzed in order to obtain factual data regarding gender-related issues toward high school students' CDSE level.

This study employed a non-experimental quantitative research using a cross-sectional design. The research subjects covered 617 students from three schools in Jakarta who were currently in their 11^th and 12^th grades. The data of this study were collected using Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale - Short Form (CDSE-SF), Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), Thinking Styles Inventory-Revised II (TSI-R2) as the research instruments. The obtained data were then analyzed using a Simple Mediation Model with Hayes' Model 4 using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) 23 - PROCESS Macro.

The results of the data analysis indicated that male students' CDSE had been significantly influenced by the parenting style applied by authoritarian paternal and authoritative maternal. Meanwhile, the CDSE level of female students was influenced by the parenting styles applied by authoritative paternal and authoritarian maternal, besides it was also significantly influenced by thinking styles Type I and Type II. Based on the results of the mediation testing, thinking styles were found to significantly mediated the relationship between parenting styles applied by paternal and maternal towards CDSE level. However, this study suffered from several limitations that could be improved by future researchers. "

"Tujuan dari penelitian ini ingin menguji pengaruh dari gaya pengasuhan ayah, ibu, dan kecerdasan emosi terhadap efikasi diri dalam keputusan karier siswa SMK. Di Indonesia peran orangtua sangat besar terhadap perkembangan anak terkait karier dalam hal ini memilih sekolah. Orangtua cenderung memaksa untuk sekolah di SMK. Hal ini dikarenakan lulusan SMK memiliki kesiapan kerja dan peluang lebih besar untuk mendapatkan pekerjaan. Faktor eksternal yakni gaya pengasuhan ayah dan ibu yang berperan besar terhadap perkembangan karier siswa SMK perlu dilihat bagaimana pengaruhnya terhadap efikasi diri dalam keputusan karier siswa SMK. Sebagai faktor internal, kecerdasan emosi juga berperan terhadap perkembangan karier siswa SMK. Hal ini mendorong untuk melihat lebih jauh bagaimana pengaruh kecerdasan emosi terhadap efikasi diri dalam keputusan karier. Penelitian ini bersifat korelasional dengan partisipan yang terdiri dari 550 siswa SMK di Jakarta dan Depok. Hasil analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh gaya pengasuhan ayah, ibu, kecerdasan emosi terhadap efikasi diri dalam keputusan karier siswa SMK. (F = 17,271, p=0,000, <0,001)

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The purpose of this study is to test the effects of both father and mother parenting style also student's emotional intelligence to l self-efficacy in career decision of vocational students. In Indonesia, parents holds big role in their child's career, by choosing which school should be attended by their child. l Many parents in Indonesia often push their child to attend vocational schools in order to prepare them to workforce, hence l bigger opportunities to get jobs earlier.. The parenting style of both father and mothers is the external factor to their child's self-efficacy in making career decision. Student's emotional intelligence also holds important role on their self-efficacy in making career decision. To test whether external and internal factors have roles in student's self-efficacy, we conducted study to 550 vocational students in Jakarta and Depok. The results of multiple regression analysis regarding the influence of parenting style of both father and mother also emotional intelligence to self-efficacy in making career decision of vocational students. (F = 17,271, p=0,000, <0,001)

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