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"ABSTRAKTesis ini mengkaji masalah perilaku homoseksual dalam tradisi gemblakan di Ponorogo, khususnya masalah resiko perilaku hubungan seksual warok, warokan, sinoman, dengan gemblak sebagai konsekuensi logis orang yang sering bertukar-tukar pasangan seksual. Objek penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Desa Somoroto, Kecamatan Kauman, Kabupaten Ponorogo. Kajian tesis ini menunjukkan bahwa homoseksualitas di kalangan warok, warokan, sinoman, gemblak pada dasarnya dalam dua wujud, yaitu: (1) suami-istri, dan (2) anak-asuh. Pola hubungan itu tercermin dalam seni reog Ponorogo. Ada warok sebagai pembina atau sesepuh dan donatur, dan ada warokan sebagai pemberi semangat pergelaran. Di pihak lain ada sinoman sebagai pengiring, dan ada pula gemblak sebagai penari jathilan. Pelaku tradisi gemblakan melakukan hubungan seksual dengan teknik diloco [alat kelamin pasangan seksual gemblak diremas-remas tangan] dan dikempit [alat kelamin pasangan seksual gemblak dijepit di celah-celah paha]. Homoseksualitas warok, warokan, sinoman, dengan gemblak dapat dikategorikan ke dalam perilaku menyimpang [deviant behavior]. Perilaku menyimpang dalam suatu komunitas tertentu menarik untuk diteliti dari disiplin ilmu antropologi psikologi dengan memanfaatkan metode life history [pengalaman hidup]. Penelitian ini mengacu pada modifikasi teori Ruth Benedict mengenai pola kebudayaan, teori Kinsey dkk mengenai kontinum homoseksual, Wainwright Churchill yang dikemukakan, teori J. Patrick Gray dan Jane E. Ellington mengenai peran yang dijalankan oleh seorang yang mengenakan kostum jenis kelamin yang berbeda, teori Don Kulick mengenai tingkatan perilaku homoseksual, dan teori A.J. Biao mengenai peran seni tari sebagai ekspresi perilaku homoseksual antara realita dan imajinasi. Dari penelitian ini telah diperoleh hasil yang mencakup 3 pokok, yaitu: Pertama, faktor penyebab utama tradisi gemblakan berhubungan dengan legitirnasi kekuasaan. Selain itu ada faktor penyebab lainnya yang menunjang, di antaranya: kemiskinan, rendahnya tingkat pendidikan, dan kelonggaran ketaatan aturan agama. Kedua, warok, warokan, sinoman, dan gemblak berpotensi tertular penyakit kelamin, penyakit kulit, dan gangguan jiwa sebab mereka sering bertukar-tukar pasangan seksual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa warok, warokan, sinoman, gemblak hanya tertular penyakit kulit karena mereka dalam melakukan hubungan seksual terbatas pada diloco [alat kelamin pasangan seksual gemblak diremas-remas tangan] dan dikempit [alat kelamin pasangan seksual gemblak dijepit di celah-celah paha]. Berbeda dengan kaum gay di negara-negara maju (masyarakat modern) yang melakukan hubungan seksual dengan teknik oral seks dan anal seks yang memungkinkan pelaku tertular penyakit kencing nanah [gonorrhoea], gejala penyakit pada mulut dan saluran pencernaan, mencret-mencret, dan gejala penyakit pada lubang dubur. Ketiga, laporan tentang warok, warokan, sinoman, gemblak yang tertular penyakit kelamin dan gangguan jiwa sebagai akibat dari perilaku homoseksual tidak ada. Dari.penelitian ini ditemukan ada warok, warokan, sinoman, dan gemblak yang menderita penyakit kulit, namun terbatas lecet-lecet pada alat kelamin. Pengobatan terhadap penyakit kulit itu menggunakan ramuan tradisional. Ramuan obat tradisional dapat diperoleh dari warok (yang telah tinggi ilmu kesaktian dan kekebalan tubuh) dan seorang dukun. Warok, warokan, sinoman, dan gemblak dalam beradaptasi dengan masyarakat heteroseksual memiliki dua cara, yaitu: (1) cara terbuka, dan (2) cara tertutup."

"Since the sexual revolution began in Europe,the sexual discourse i.e.homosexuality, lesbianism, bisexuality and transexuality could be a scientific discourse and many scholars start doing research this area. The development of sexual revolution is also bring up the movement of homosexual revolution communities.Thia thesis describe and analize the same sex marriage policy in the Netherlands,Belgium and Spain from the interational perspective..The Netherlands is one of the European states which is having a free and liberal sexual tradition because the government could accomodate the sexual attitude into non-bias gender policy.The legalization of homosexuality in the Netherlands took by the French through "French Napoleonic code 1811. The code explained that the liberation and marriage of homosexuality itsguarantee by policy.This code is follow by the Dutch government and they make a non-bias gendewr policy such as same sex marriage policy and also Prostitution policy.From the democracyn theory ,it is visible that the Netherlands have a sexual social democracy because they give the tolerance for the another aspiration,expression,the difference and human right. The liberal democration in the Netherlands,it should be like a pioner for the other Europen countries.After dutch government legalize the same sex marriage policy in 2001, belgium is also legalize it in 2003.One of the European countries which is surprised all over the world is Spain.Spain is the country in the Mediterranian bay which have a strong catholic tradition,but the Spanish government could accoudate the homosexual communities with the same sex marriage policy in 2005"

"Since the sexual revolution began in Europe, the sexual discourse i.e. homosexuality, lesbianism, bisexuality and transexuality could be a scientific discourse and many scholars start doing research this area. The development of sexual revolution is also bring up the movement of homosexual revolution communities.

This thesis describes and analyzes the Same Sex Marriage Policy in the Netherlands, Belgium and Spain from the international perspective. The Netherlands is one of the European states which is having a free and liberal sexual tradition because the government could accommodate the sexual attitude into non-bias gender policy. The legalization of homosexuality in the Netherlands took by the French through "French Napoleonic Code at 1811. The code explained that the liberation and marriage of homosexuality is guarantee by policy. This Code is follow by the Dutch government and they make a non-bias gender policy such as Same Sex Marriage Policy and also Prostitution Policy. From the democracy theory, it is visible that the Netherlands have a "Sexual Social Democracy" because they give the tolerance for another aspiration, expression, the difference and human rights.

The liberal democration in the Netherlands, it should be like a pioneer for the other European countries. After Dutch government legalizes the Same Sex Marriage Policy in 2001, Belgium is also legalizing it in 2003. One of the European countries which is surprised all over the world is Spain. Spain is the country in the Mediterranean bay which has a strong Catholic tradition, but the Spanish government could accommodate the homosexual communities with the Same Sex Marriage Policy in 2005. From this point of view, the Netherlands it should be use a "latent" ideology to marketization their liberal democration. This pattern is one of the contemporary powers at the global era which is named Soft Power. This power is like a psychological power because they use values, morals and cultures as a dominant power. The method is to promote the attractive values and cultures, not with the repression but with the persuasion and argumentation.

The method of this research is descriptive. After describing the whole problems then we analyze it from the cases. In the mean time, the data's research technique of this thesis is from books, scientific journals, newspapers, the documents and internet.

In brief, this thesis analyzes the Same Sex Marriage Policy in the Netherlands, Belgium and Spain, complete with the international debates regarding this policy. On chapter 4 and 5, the researcher make a differentiation between homosexual communities in Europe and Indonesia, and this differentiation will be a challenge to advocate them to achieve their rights as a human being."

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang wacana homoseksualitas yang terdapat pada film Freier Fall 2013 yang berkaitan dengan konsep heteroseksualitas dan maskulinitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif berdasarkan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya konsep heteroseksualitas sebagai konsep yang benar menimbulkan pembagian peran di masyarakat. Konsep pembagian peran ini membentuk perilaku seseorang dalam memainkan peranannya yang sesuai di masyarakat. Hal tersebut menyebabkan homoseksualitas yang berada di luar konsep heteroseksualitas dan maskulinitas dianggap sebagai sesuatu yang salah. Film ini memperlihatkan bagaimana stereotip-stereotip negatif tentang kaum gay terus dipertahankan terutama pada lingkungan yang didefinisikan sebagai zona lingkungan laki-laki maskulin seperti kepolisian. Hal tersebut menyebabkan timbulnya homofobia dan diskriminasi terhadap kaum gay.

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This thesis discusses the discourses of homosexuality in the film Freier Fall (2013) in relation with the concept of heterosexuality and masculinity. This research used descriptive analysis based from literature studies. The results from this study showed that the concept of heterosexuality as the right concept creates the division of roles in society. This division of roles shapes the person?s behavior in order to play his appropriated role in society. This causes homosexuality, that lie beyond the concept of heterosexuality and masculinity viewed as something wrong. The film displayed how the negative stereotypes about gays have been maintained especially in environments that identified as masculine male?s zone like law enforcement. These stereotypes created the causes of homophobia and lead to discrimination against gays."

"Keberadaan homoseksual di Indonesia masih belum dapat diterima. Masyarakat masih menganggap homoseksual sebagai sebuah gangguan. Bentuk penolakan ini jika diinternalisasi dapat memberikan dampak negatif bagi harga diri seseorang. Padahal harga diri merupakan komponen esensial bagi kesehatan mental seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan harga diri laki-laki heteroseksual dan homoseksual di Indonesia. Penelitian di Barat menunjukkan bahwa kelompok seksual minoritas (homoseksual) memiliki harga diri yang lebih rendah dibandingkan heteroseksual. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah laki-laki heteroseksual dan homoseksual yang berusia antara 20-40 tahun. Harga diri diukur dengan menggunakan Coopersmith Self Esteem Inventory. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laki-laki homoseksual memiliki harga diri yang lebih rendah dibandingkan laki-laki heteroseksual.

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The presence of homosexuals in Indonesia is still not acceptable. Society still regards homosexuality as a disorder. This form of rejection when internalized can adversely affect a person's self esteem. Whereas self-esteem is an essential component for one's mental health. This study aimed to see differences in self-esteem in heterosexual men and homosexual in Indonesia. Research suggests that sexual minority groups (homosexuals) have a lower self-esteem than heterosexuals. The subjects in this study were heterosexual men and homosexual age 20-40. Self-esteem was measured using the Coopersmith Self Esteem Inventory. The results showed that homosexual men have a lower self-esteem than heterosexual men."

"Perspektif agama arus utama yang menentang homoseksualitas dan ekspresi lintas gender, menimbulkan dilema bagi individu LGBTQ, terutama bagi mereka yang tumbuh dengan afiliasi agama tertentu. Hal ini kemudian dapat menimbulkan konflik antara identitas gender/seksualitas dengan religiositas dalam diri mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana individu memandang dan menghadapi konflik antara status religiositasnya terhadap identitas gender dan seksualitasnya dari waktu ke waktu. Peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif, khususnya pendekatan grounded theory, yang memungkinkan peneliti untuk berfokus pada proses pembentukan atau pengembangan teori. Partisipan berjumlah enam orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara purposive dan snowball, dengan kriteria: 1) merupakan bagian dari LGBTQ; 2) pernah atau sedang menganut agama tertentu, dan; 3) berusia setidaknya di atas delapan belas tahun. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara semistruktur, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode thematic analysis. Peneliti kemudian menyusun “Model Integrasi dengan Konflik antara Identitas Gender/Seksualitas dengan Religiositas” yang dikembangkan dari Model Pembentukan Identitas Gender oleh Cass (1978). Model ini terdiri dari tahap Nonconform, Questioning, Conflict, Exploration, Self-Identify, Compromise, Self-Integration, dan Spiritual Integration. Selain itu, peneliti mengamati bagaimana penilaian kognitif dan keterikatan kepada agama sebagai komunitas dapat berperan menyelesaikan adanya konflik antara identitas gender/seksualitas dengan religiositas.

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The mainstream religious perspective that opposes homosexuality and cross-gender expression creates a dilemma for LGBTQ individuals, especially those who grew up with a specific religious affiliation. This can result in internal conflict between gender and religiosity. The present study aims to explore how individuals perceive and cope with the conflict between their religious status and gender and sexual identity over time. The researcher used qualitative methods, specifically the grounded theory approach, which allowed for a focus on the process of theory formation and development. Six participants were selected using purposive and snowball sampling criteria: 1) they identified as part of the LGBTQ community; 2) they had practiced or were currently practicing a particular religion, and; 3) they were at least eighteen years old. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. The researcher developed an "Integration Model with Gender- Religiosity Conflict" derived from Cass's (1978) Gender Identity Formation Model. This model consists of the following stages: Nonconform, Questioning, Conflict, Exploration, Self-Identify, Compromise, Self-Integration, and Spiritual Integration. Additionally, the researcher observed how cognitive appraisal and attachment to religion as a community can play a role in preventing gender-religiosity conflict. This study provides insight into the experiences of LGBTQ individuals who also have a religious affiliation and may be struggling with conflicting identities. The model developed in this study can be used as a framework for understanding and supporting individuals going through this process."

"Skripsi ini membahas proses membuka diri gay di lingkungan sosial. Proses membuka diri dilihat dari perkembangan orientasi seksual individu sebagai gay hingga strategi mereka dalam mempertahankan diri di lingkungan sosial heteroseksual. Analisa hasil penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan konsep orientasi seksual dan homoseksualitas, relasi agen dan struktur oleh Anthony Giddens, serta konsep proses membuka diri oleh Troiden. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Jakarta menggunakan metode kualitatif (studi kasus).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses membuka diri gay berbeda-beda berdasarkan kondisi lingkungan sosial mereka serta pemaknaan individu atas proses membuka diri. Dua informan telah menyatakan dirinya sebagai seorang homoseksual kepada lingkungan heteroseksual, sedangkan satu informan hanya kepada komunitas homoseksualnya.

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This thesis discusses the process of coming out among gays in social environment. Coming out process is seen from the development of sexual orientation as a gay individual to their strategy in defending themselves in a social environment heterosexual. Analysis of the results of research carried out by using the concept of sexual orientation and homosexuality, relations agency and structure by Anthony Giddens, and the concept of the process of coming out by Troiden. The research was conducted in Jakarta using qualitative methods (case study).

The results showed that the process of opening up a gay vary by their social environment and the individual meaning to coming out the process. Two informants had declared themself as homosexuals to a non-homosexual community, while one informant only declared to his homosexual community."

"Homoparentalité merupakan sebuah realita yang terjadi di Prancis. Skripsi ini membahas pandangan terhadap keluarga homoparentale di Prancis, khususnya pada kurun waktu 1999 sampai 2009. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperlihatkan perkembangan pandangan pemerintah dan masyarakat Prancis terhadap keluarga homoparentale. Pandangan pemerintah Prancis dilihat melalui kebijakan yang berkaitan dengan keluarga homoparentale, sedangkan pandangan masyarakat Prancis dinilai berdasarkan survei opini publik yang diselenggarakan badan survei terkemuka di Prancis. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pandangan pemerintah Prancis tidak sejalan dengan pandangan masyarakat Prancis, yang seiring waktu cenderung memiliki pandangan positif terhadap keluarga homoparentale.

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Homoparentality is a reality that grows in France. The focus of this study is the French?s views of homoparentality in France in the period 1999 to 2009. This study aims to show the development of French's view of homoparental family. The government?s views are seen from its policies related to homoparental family, while the public?s views are seen from French public opinion survey about homoparental family. From this study, the researcher found that the public in France does not have a same view as French government. As time goes by, the French people tend to have a positive view of homoparental family."