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"Fusarium verticillioides is the causal agent of ear, stalk and root rot of maize that results in the severe reduction in yields and quality of infected products. Endophytic fungi have been purported as potential candidates in controlling pathogens since they are considered strong plant mutualists that confer disease resilience to their host. The present study was carried out to determine the in vitro antagonistic activity and biocontrol potential of endophytic Aspergillus spp. associated with P. amboinicus leaves against F. verticillioides. Three fungal endophytes from the genus Aspergillus were isolated and identified from the leaves of P. amboinicus, namely A. flavus, A. terreus and A. niger. The fungal isolates were tested for antagonism against F. verticillioides in dual culture plates. Results indicate that the Aspergillus endophytes can restrict growth of F. verticillioides and employ varying mechanisms of antagonism. A. niger inhibited F. verticillioides by 47.37%, followed by A. flavus (41.02%) and A. terreus (27.91%) respectively. Observations of dual culture plates revealed that A. flavus and A. niger antagonized the pathogen via overgrowth mechanism while A. terreus employed antibiosis to restrict the growth of F. verticillioides. The varying degrees of antagonism exhibited by the Aspergillus endophytes show their potential as biocontrol agents and source of bioactive compounds"

"Five kinds of endophytic fungi i.e pastalotiopsis sp. isola GNC fusarium sp, GNC -A fusarium sp..GNC-B.Pastalotiopsis sp, GUC and fusarium sp

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"Pisang Cavendish (Musa acuminata Colla) merupakan salah satu kultivar pisang yang menghadapi ancaman serius berupa serangan penyakit layu Fusarium yang disebabkan oleh infeksi kapang patogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). Penyakit layu Fusarium menyebabkan penurunan penurunan kaualitas dan produksi tanaman pisang. Penggunaan mikroorganisme sebagai biokontrol dapat dikembangkan untuk alternatif fungisida dalam pengendalian penyakit layu Fusarium di tanaman pisang. Streptomyces spp. diketahui mampu memproduksi senyawa metabolit yang bersifat antifungi dan menekan pertumbuhan patogen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh, mengetahui aktivitas biokontrol, dan mengidentifikasi isolat yang diduga sebagai Streptomyces spp. yang diisolasi dari PT Green Giant Pineapple (GGP), Lampung Timur. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengujian secara in vitro yang meliputi uji aktivitas enzim protease, kitinase, selulase, peroksidase, siderofor, amonia, HCN, dan katalase. Pengujian dilanjutkan dengan identifikasi secara molekuler dan uji kompatibilitas antarisolat. Isolat 1H31, 2H44, 3H32, 3H42, dan 5H5 berhasil diisolasi dari tanah Perkebunan pisang. Isolat terseleksi mampu menghambat kapang Foc dan saling kompatibel. Isolat 3H42 dan 5H5 menunjukkan aktivitas biokontrol yang paling baik yang diketahui dari hasil positif yang ditunjukkan pada semua uji aktivitas biokontrol yang dilakukan. Kelima isolat terseleksi diketahui memiliki kemiripan secara morfologis dan filogenetik dengan S. malaysiensis, S. scabei, S. cameroonensis, S. abikoensis, dan S. katrae.

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Cavendish banana (Musa acuminata Colla) is one of the banana cultivars that faces a serious threat in the form of Fusarium wilt disease caused by infection with the pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). Fusarium wilt disease causes a decrease in the quality and production of banana plants. The use of microorganisms as biocontrol can be developed as an alternative to fungicides to control Fusarium wilt disease in banana plants. Streptomyces spp. is known to produce metabolite compounds that are antifungal and suppress pathogen growth. The purpose of this study was to obtain, determine the biocontrol activity, and identify isolates suspected as Streptomyces spp. isolated from PT Green Giant Pineapple (GGP), East Lampung. The method used in this research is in vitro testing which includes enzyme activity tests of protease, chitinase, cellulase, peroxidase, siderophore, ammonia, HCN, and catalase. The test was continued with molecular identification and compatibility test between isolates. Isolates 1H31, 2H44, 3H32, 3H42, and 5H5 were successfully isolated from banana plantation soil. The selected isolates were able to inhibit Foc mold and were mutually compatible. Isolates 3H42 and 5H5 showed the best biocontrol activity known from the positive results shown in all biocontrol activity tests conducted. The five selected isolates are known to have morphological and phylogenetic similarities with S. malaysiensis, S. scabei, S. cameroonensis, S. abikoensis, and S. katrae."

"Kendala yang sering dihadapi pada pertanian adalah hama tanaman yang dapat mengganggu produktivitas tanaman pangan. Pemberantasan hama sering menggunakan pestisida kimiawi yang dapat berdampak buruk pada lingkungan dan tanaman. Salah satu alternatif mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan mikroorganisme sebagai biokontrol bagi hama tanaman. Mikroorganisme diketahui berpotensi sebagai agen biokontrol, dan aktivitas tersebut dapat diuji dengan  Antibiosis. Aktivitas antibiosis terlihat sebagai kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan suatu mikroorganisme terhadap mikroorganisme lain. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan uji antibiosis dan aktivitas enzim dari empat isolat basil Gram negatif yaitu TTM, TTO, TKL, TTH, terhadap fungi Fusarium oxysporum dan Ganoderma boninense. Keempat isolat bakteri difermentasikan dalam medium Nutrient broth (NB) selama 6, 9, dan 12 hari, pada suhu inkubasi 39oC. Uji antibiosis dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan cylinder diffusion method. Hasil uji antibiosis menunjukkan bahwa hanya isolat TTH dan TTM yang memiliki potensi untuk menghambat fungi Ganoderma boninense  dalam fermentasi hari ke 6,9, dan 12. Hasil uji aktivitas enzim menunjukkan bahwa hanya isolat TTO yang memiliki aktivitas kitinolitik.

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One of the common challenges in agriculture is the presence of plant pests that can disrupt the productivity of food crops. Pest control often relies on the use of chemical pesticides, which can have negative impacts on the environment and plants. One alternative to address this issue is the utilization of microorganisms as biocontrol agents for plant pests. Microorganisms are known to have the potential as biocontrol agents, and this activity can be tested through antibiosis. Antibiosis activity is observed as the ability to inhibit the growth of one microorganism by another. In this study, antibiosis and enzyme activity tests were conducted on four isolates of Gram-negative bacteria, namely TTM, TTO, TKL, and TTH, against the fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Ganoderma boninense. The four bacterial isolates were fermented in Nutrient Broth (NB) medium for 6, 9, and 12 days at an incubation temperature of 39°C. The antibiosis test was qualitatively performed using the cylinder diffusion method. The results of the antibiosis test showed that only the TTH and TTM isolates had the potential to inhibit the Ganoderma boninense fungi during the 6th, 9th, and 12th days of fermentation. The enzyme activity test results indicated that only the TTO isolate exhibited chitinolytic activity."

"Penyakit Panama pada tanaman pisang disebabkan oleh kapang patogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk karakterisasi penghambatan Aktinomisetes terhadap Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense secara in vitro menggunakan sel hidup dan filtrat kultur bebas sel. Isolat Aktinomisetes LAI-I dan L31 diketahui menghasilkan enzim kitinase, protease, dan antibiotik yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan, menyebabkan perubahan morfologi hifa berupa penebalan pada ujung-ujung hifa, serta menghambat germinasi spora Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Perhitungan statistik menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang nyata antara kelompok kontrol, perlakuan LAI-I, dan perlakuan L31. Hasil tersebut memperlihatkan adanya kemampuan isolat LAI-I dan L31 menghambat Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense.

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The Panama disease in banana plants is caused by the pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Research has been conducted to characterize the inhibition mechanism of Actinomycetes towards Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense in vitro by using living cell and cell-free culture filtrate. Actinomycetes isolates LAI-I and L31 produce chitinase enzyme, protease enzyme, and secondary metabolites that can inhibit the growth, lead morphological changes of hyphae as swollen at the end of the hypha, and inhibit spore germination of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. The statistic reveals the significant differences between control, LAI-I treatment, and L31 treatment. The result shows the ability of isolate LAI-I and L31 to inhibit Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense."

"Latar Belakang: Infeksi kornea yang disebabkan oleh jamur dapat menyebabkankerusakan yang lebih berat dibandingkan infeksi bakteri dikarenakan kemampuan jamuruntuk menembus kornea hingga ke bilik mata depan atau sklera. Antijamur tetes yangtersedia secara komersil hanya natamisin yang memiliki penetrasi rendah. Vorikonazolsebagai alternatif anti jamur dapat digunakan secara intrastromal untuk mempertahankankadar pada kornea. Penggunaan injeksi intrastromal vorikonazol secara tunggal maupunserial banyak dilaporkan dalam bentuk laporan kasus dan terdapat variasi dalam hal dosisdan frekuensi serta teknik pemberian.Tujuan: Mengetahui perbandingan efektivitas pemberian kombinasi vorikonazol topikal1% dan intrastromal 0.05% secara tunggal dan serial dibandingkan dengan natamisintopikal 5% sebagai terapi keratitis jamur yang disebabkan oleh jamur Fusarium sp padakelinci.Metodologi: Penelitian ini merupakan uji eksperimental tersamar dengan randomisasiterhadap kelompok hewan coba kelinci New Zealand White (NZW) dengan desain empatkelompok. Masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 3 kelinci. Kelompok pertama mendapatterapi kombinasi tetes vorikonazol 1% tiap jam dan injeksi intrastromal vorikonazol0.05% yang diberikan 1 kali pada hari 1. Kelompok ke-dua mendapatkan terapikombinasi tetes vorikonazol 1% tiap jam dan injeksi intrastromal vorikonazol 0.05%yang diberikan 2 kali pada hari 1 dan 7. Kelompok ke-tiga mendapatkan terapikombinasi tetes vorikonazol 1% tiap jam dan injeksi intrastromal vorikonazol 0.05%yang diberikan 3 kali pada hari 1, 7 dan 14. Kelompok ke-empat mendapatkanmonoterapi tetes natamisin 5% tiap jam.Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan perbaikan secara klinis berdasarkan luas defek,luas infiltrat, kedalaman keratitis dan tinggi hipopion pada semua kelompok yangmendapatkan terapi injeksi vorikonazol maupun natamisin. Pada akhir terapi masihdidapatkan hifa jamur positif secara kualitatif pada 1 kelinci yang mendapatkan injeksiintrastromal 1 kali dan 1 kelinci dengan terapi natamisin.Kesimpulan: Kombinasi vorikonazol topikal dan injeksi vorikonazol intrastromal secaraserial menunjukan perbaikan klinis setara dengan natamisin topikal. Dalam hal dayaeliminasi jamur kombinasi vorikonazol topikal dan injeksi vorikonazol intrastromalsecara serial menunjukan hasil lebih baik dibandingkan terapi natamisin topikal daninjeksi tunggal.

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Background: Fungal corneal infections can cause more damage than bacterial infectionsdue to the fungus's ability to penetrate the cornea to the anterior chamber or sclera.Natamycin is the only commercially available antifungal drops which has lowpenetration. Voriconazole as an antifungal alternative can be used intrastromally tomaintain corneal concentration. The use of single or serial intrastromal voriconazoleinjections is widely reported in the form of case reports and there are variations in termsof dosage and frequency and administration techniques.Objective: Comparing the effectiveness of topical voriconazole 1% combined withintrastromal 0.05% single and serial compared to 5% topical natamycin as fungal keratitistherapy caused by Fusarium sp in rabbits.Methods: This research is an experimental test by randomizing a group of New ZealandWhite (NZW) rabbit animals with a four-group design. Each group consists of 3 rabbits.The first group received combination therapy of voriconazole drops 1% every hour andintrastromal injection of 0.05% voriconazole given once on day 1. The second groupreceived combination therapy of voriconazole drops 1% per hour and intrastromalinjection of voriconazole 0.05% given 2 times on day 1 and 7. The third group receivedcombination therapy of voriconazole drops 1% every hour and intrastromal injection of0.05% voriconazole given 3 times on days 1, 7 and 14. The fourth group receivedmonotherapy with 5% natamycin drops hourly.Results: The results of this study showed clinical improvement based on corneal defectsize, infiltrate size, keratitis depth and height of hypopyon in all groups receivingvoriconazole and natamycin injection therapy. At the end of the therapy, fungal hyphaewere found in 1 rabbit who received 1 times intrastromal injection and 1 rabbit withnatamycin therapy.Conclusion: The combination of topical voriconazole and serial intrastromal injectionshows clinical improvement equivalent to topical natamycin. In terms of the fungalelimination, topical voriconazole and serial intrastromal injection is superior than topicalnatamisin therapy and single injection."

"ABSTRACTBiological control of postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables byantagonistic microorganism seems increasingly promising to replace the use of synthetic fungicides which are subjected to some limitation due to development of fungicides-resistant strain of the pathogens and risk for consumers and the environment (Lima et al, 1999). Several species of yeast have been reported to reduce postharvest fungal decay on fruits. One of the antagonistic yeast that has been use as commercial biocontrol is Metchnikowia fructicola in Shemerm product (Vero et al., 2002) Yeast Rhodotomla has been studied for the postharvest biologicalcontrol various mould pathogens on various fruit (Castoria et al., 1997).University of Indonesia Culture Collection (UICC) have Rhodotorula spp.strains from plants of Cibodas Botanical Garden, and moulds frompostharvest decayed-tomatoes and plants. The ability of these yeast strains as biocontrol agents against has not been reported.This thesis consists of two parts. Part 1 is entitled The antagonisticActivity of Rhodotorula spp. from Cibodas Botanical Garden Against Tomato Plant Infected-Causing Moulds. Part 2 is entitled The Potential of Rhodotorula sp. UICC Y-381 as Biocontrol Agent of Aspergillus ochraoeus on Postharvest Tomatoes. The objectives of this research are to obtain a potential Rhodotorula sp. with antagonistic activity against tomato infected-causing moulds, and to obtain infoimation on the ability of Rhodotorula sp. UICC Y- 381 as a biocontrol agent in reducing the severity of decay by Aspergillus ochraceus. The research was carried out in Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biology, and Center of Excellence Indigenous Biological Resources-Genome Studies (CoE IBR-GS), Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, from July 2008-July 2009.Yeast Malt Agar (YMA) was used for yeast growth medium, and PotatoDextrose Agar (PDA) was used for maintenance of fungi. The media PDA and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDB) were used for antagonistic test.Six strains of Rhodotorula spp. (Rhodotorula sp. UICC Y-318,Rhodotorula sp. UICC Y-325, Rhodotorula sp. UICC Y-332, Rhodotorula sp. UICC Y-381, Rhodotomla sp. UICC Y-384, and Rhodotorula sp. UICC Y-386) were investigated as antagonistic yeasts against Aspergillus ochraceus D1.2.2.SSM3, A. terreus D2.2.MC, and Drechslera sp. D1.3.MC. The yeasts were obtained from plants of Cibodas Botanical Garden, and the moulds were obtained from decayed tomatoes and infected plants, belonging to the University of Indonesia Culture Collection (UICC). Antagonistic test by strip method was carried out by usingconcentration of yeast cells at (1 .2-5.2) x 10° CFU/ml, and A. ochraceusD1.2.2.SSM3 at 4.7 x 10? CFU/ml, A. terreus D2.2.Mc at 3.2 x 10° CFU/ml,and Drechslera sp. D1.3.MC at 5.2 x 10? CFU/ml. Inoculation of the yeastcells on PDA was carried out 4 hours earlier before inoculation of mouldspores on petri dishes. Results showed that highest percentage reduction of mould colonies was shown by Rhodotorula sp. UICC Y- 325 againstDrechslera sp. (28.12%-72.14%), followed by Rhodotorufa sp. UlCC Y-381 against A. ochraoeus (54.28%-72.46%), and Rhodotoruta sp. Y-318 against A. terreus (21.76% - 58.10%) during 6-day incubation.Antagonistic test by co-culture method was carried out by usingconcentration of yeast cells at (1 .58-5.59) x 10° CFU/ml, and Aspergillus ochraceus D1.2.2.SSM3 at 7 x 10? cFU/ml, A. terreus D2.2.MC at 1.5 x 10? CFU/ml. Inoculation of the yeast cells on PDB was carried out 8 hours earlier before inoculation of mould spores on broth medium. Results showed that highest percentage reduction of conidial heads and hyphal width was shown by Rhodotorula sp. UICC Y-381 against A. ochraceus (9.45% and 12.43%; 7.10% and 7.51 %, after 2- and 3-day incubation, respectively). Rhodotorula sp. UICC Y-332 reduced conidial heads of A. terreus (10.17% and 9.60% after 2- and 3-day incubation) but, was not able to reduce hyphal width of A. terreus. Microscopic observation by slide culture method on PDA showed that there was attachment of Rhodotorula spp. cells to the hyphae of Drechslera sp., however, Rhodotorula spp. UICC Y-386 attached more intensively and colonized the hyphae.The ability of Rhodotorula sp. UICC Y-381, which was isolated fromplant leaves, as a biocontrol agent against postharvest tomato fruit decay- causing mould Aspergillus ochraceus D1 .2.2.SSM3 was evaluated. Observation was carried out for 15 days at 25°C - 27°C. Results showed that Rhodotorula sp. UICC Y-381 was able to reduce the severity of decay by A.ochraceus with 100% reduction until day-12, when compared to control. The synthetic fungicide Dithane M-45 at a concentration of 0.08% reduced the severity of decay to 100% until 15-day incubation."

"pisang raja bulu is one of the most important bananas in Indonesia. However,, this plant low tolerance to wilt disease, caused by fusarium oxysporum f. cubense. Its mass cultivation is inhibited by the absence of variety tolerant to the disease. A wide range of genetic variability will be needed if selection for novel characters is to be conducted, especially when there is no source of resistance gene available for breeding materials. This research consisted of callus induction from primary explant, induction of somaclonal variation using gamma iradiation, and in vitro selection using fusaric acid, followed by regeneration and acclimatization of selected plantlets. The media applied for callus induction was MS (Murashige and skoog. 1962) +2,4-D 1 and 3 mg/l + NAA 0 and 0,1 mg/l and 2,4-D 5 mg/l + BA 0,5 mg/l + casein hidrolysate (CH) 500 mg/l. The applied gamma irradiation dosage were 0, and 0,1 mg/l and 2,4-D 5 mg/l + BA 0,5 mg/l + casein hidrolysate (CH) 500 mg/l. The applied gamma irradiation dosage were 0, 5.0, 7.5, 10 and 15 Gy. The irradiated cali was subsequently subcultures on selection media i.e., MS containing fusaric acid at 30 and 45 mg/l. The living calli was then regenerated on media containing BA, TDZ, eith or without proline and arginine. In addition, MS + kinetin 5 mg/l + 1AA 0,2 mg/l was applied for shoot development. The result showed that the most suitable callus induction media for pisang raja bulu was MS +2,4-D 5 mg/l +BA 0,5 mg/l +CH 500 mg/l. The gamma irradiation of 10 Gy produced somaclone lines which were able to proliferate bud nodules on selection media containing fusaric acid at 30 and 45 mg/l. The media for shoot development was MS + kinetin 5 mg/l + 1AA 0,2 mg/l. Plantlet obtained form the in vitro were then successfully acclimatized in the green house."

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Bacillus spp. berpotensi sebagai agen biokontrol untuk meminimalisir kontaminasi mikroorganisme. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antagonistis sel dan filtrat Bacillus siamensis LDR terhadap beberapa spesies kapang. Purifikasi dan karakterisasi morfologi dilakukan pada medium PDA. Uji aktivitas antagonistis dilakukan dengan metode dual kultur dan uji antibiosis dilakukan dengan menggunakan filtrat fermentasi B. siamensis LDR yang diperoleh dari panen hari ke-12 dan ke-14. Persentase inhibisi ditentukan berdasarkan perhitungan pertumbuhan radial dan biomassa kapang yang diberi perlakuan, dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Hasil uji antagonistis menunjukkan bahwa Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus AHM, dan Aspergillus clavatus ABH berhasil dihambat sebesar 35,92%, 42.75%, 27.18% pada teknik dual disc dan sebesar 92.94%, 87.15%, 85.45% pada teknik pour plate disc. Hasil uji antibiosis menunjukkan inhibisi F. oxysporum, A. flavus AHM, dan A. clavatus ABH lebih tinggi pada filtrat 14 hari, yaitu 41.84—41,94%, 34,83—36,04%, 63.27—63,81% pada medium PDA dan 53,15—76,37%, -151— -11.01, 88.87—90.36% pada medium PDB. Sel dan filtrat B. siamensis LDR memiliki aktivitas antagonistis terhadap Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus AHM, dan Aspergillus clavatus ABH dengan ketidakstabilan aktivitas antibiosis terhadap A. flavus AHM, secara in vitro.

 

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Bacillus spp. are potential biocontrol agent to reduce crop contamination by microorganism. Aim of this research is to screen antagonistic activity of B. siamensis LDR cells and filtrate against few species of filamentous fungi. Purification and morphological characterization were done on PDA. Screening of antagonistic activity was done by antagonistic assay using dual culture method and antibiosis assay using 12 and 14 days fermentation filtrate of B. siamensis LDR. Percentage of inhibition were determined by comparing radial growth and biomass of treated fungi to untreated fungi as control. Result of antagonistic assay showed Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus AHM, and Aspergillus clavatus ABH were inhibited for 35,92%, 42.75%, 27.18% by using dual disc technique and 92.94%, 87.15%, 85.45% by using pour plate disc technique, respectively. Result of antibiosis assay showed the highest inhibition activity against F. oxysporum, A. flavus AHM, A. clavatus ABH was found in 14 days fermentation filtrate, which were 41.84—41,94%, 34,83—36,04%, 63.27—63,81% on PDA and 53,15—76,37%, -151— -11.01, 88.87—90.36% on PDB, respectively. Therefore, B. siamensis LDR cell and filtrate has antagonistic activity against Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus AHM and Aspergillus clavatus ABH, despite of unstable antibiosis activity against A. flavus AHM, in vitro.

 

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"Kasus aspergilosis paru kronik (APK) yang disebabkan Aspergillus sp. semakin meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya frekuensi infeksi tuberkulosis (TB) paru sebagai faktor risiko. Diagnosis APK masih menjadi tantangan karena gejala klinis, pemeriksaan radiologi, maupun laboratorium tidak khas. Untuk menetapkan diagnosis APK diperlukan pemeriksaan laboratorium mikologi, termasuk uji serologi. Hasil pemeriksaan imuno-diffusion test (IDT) Aspergillus dengan crude antigen kurang optimal dan IgG Aspergillus ELISA menggunakan antigen galaktomanan yang termasuk antigen sel T independent sehingga tidak mendukung switching isotipe antibodi. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan penelitian lain untuk mendapatkan prosedur yang lebih baik dalam menetapkan diagnosis APK. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengetahui pola respon IgG terhadap kombinasi empat protein 16 kD, 18-20 kD, 22 kD, dan 30 kD antigen Aspergillus dengan metode Western Blot. Potensi diagnostik dari kombinasi protein 16 kD, 18-20 kD, 22 kD, dan 30 kD antigen Aspergillus dengan metode Western Blot terhadap nilai konsensus positif dan negatif APK berdasarkan 2 metode pemeriksaan yaitu biakan jamur dan IgG anti galaktomanan sebagai baku emas didapatkan nilai sensitivitas dan spesifisitas sebesar 74% dan 96%. Deteksi IgG Aspergillus metode Western Blot menunjukkan antigen dominan berat molekul 16 kD dan 18-20 kD. Kesimpulan uji IgG Aspergillus Western Blot memiliki potensi diagnostik lebih baik dibanding uji IgG Aspergillus ELISA.

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Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) caused by Aspergillus sp. potentially increases with the increasing frequency of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) as a risk factor. Diagnosis of CPA is still a challenge because clinical symptoms, radiological examination, and laboratory are  not specific. The diagnosis of CPA needs to be performed by specific mycological examination, including serology test. The result of the Aspergillus immunodiffusion test (IDT) with crude antigen is sub optimal and Aspergillus IgG ELISA method uses galactomannan antigens that are independent T cell antigens, so cant support switching of isotype antibodies. Therefore, other study is needed to get a better procedure in determine the CPA diagnostic. The study aimed to determine the IgG responses with a combination of  Aspergillus proteins (16 kD, 18-20 kD, 22 kD, and 30 kD) with Western Blot method. Diagnostic potential of the Aspergillus protein combination (16 kD, 18-20 kD, 22 kD, and 30 kD) with Western Blot method on positive and negative consensus values of CPA based on two examination methods are fungus culture and anti-galactomannan IgG as gold standard are obtained sensitivity and specificity of 74% and 96%. From the Aspergillus Western Blot IgG test, dominant antigens obtained were molecular weights of 16 kD and 18-20 kD. The conclusion is Aspergillus specific IgG test with Western Blot method has better diagnostic potential than the  anti-galactomannan IgG ELISA method."