Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Resistance spot welding (RSW) is widely used in industries such as the aerospace, automotive, and electrical application industries. RSW is very useful for joining aluminum and its welding parameters lead to good quality joints. This research studied the influence of the welding parameters, such as welding current, welding time, and the electrode force, of micro resistance spot welding (MRSW) on the mechanical properties and fracture of a nugget of aluminum alloy (AA) 1100. AA 1100 plate with a thickness of 0.4 mm was used in this experiment. An alternating current (AC) RSW machine and electrode were used in this study. The welding parameters used in this study are welding current, welding time, and electrode force. Holding time is assumed to be constant. The welding time values of 6 CT, 8 CT, and 10 CT were combined with a welding current of 8 kV, and electrode forces of 32 kg, 42 kg, and 52 kg. The results showed that by increasing the electrode force, the load rate decreases, and the elongation distance tends to decrease, except for the electrode force of 52 Kg. The effect of the electrode force on the diameter and thickness of the weld nugget was not significant."

"All metals have unique advantages and disadvantages in terms of their mechanical properties. Advantages such as flexibility are needed for construction and for the manufacture of sophisticated products. Some industries have improved the mechanical properties of metals by welding dissimilar ones together, such as aluminum alloy (AA) to stainless steel (SS) to reduce vehicle weights in order to improve fuel consumption. However, little research has been conducted on using micro resistance spot welding (mRSW) to join SS and Al by inserting a zinc (Zn) sheet between them as an interlayer. In this study, the mechanical properties of the weldment are tested using a shear test and Vickers micro hardness test. The results are compared using welding times of 6, 8 and 10 cycle times (CTs) and welding currents of 5 and 8 kA during the mRSW process. It is found that the SS, Zn and AA sheets could be joined with mRSW using an 8 kAA welding current and a 6 CT welding time. The micro hardness in the AA-Zn dissimilar joint increased relative to SS-Zn. Using a Zn sheet also improved displacement in the tensile shear test; however, it also increased the hardness of the diffusion zone."

"Kapal multihull memiliki beberapa keunggulan dibandingkan kapal monohull dalam hal stabilitas yang baik, draft yang lebih kecil, dan area dek yang lebih luas. Kapal multihull juga memiliki area permukaan basah yang lebih besar daripada kapal monohull, namun, resistensi yang dihasilkan tetap lebih kecil karena gangguan gelombang yang dihasilkan oleh masing-masing lambung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan resistansi total dengan variasi kecepatan dan konfigurasi yang berbeda. Untuk menentukan nilai resistansi, sebuah studi variasi dalam kecepatan dan konfigurasi lambung dilakukan berdasarkan pemeriksaan model kapal trimaran. Pemeriksaan dilakukan pada skala fisik berdasarkan metode Froude dengan eksperimen. Perubahan kecepatan dan konfigurasi bentuk lambung kapal Trimaran penting bagi komponen resistansi kapal. Konfigurasi hull trimaran yang optimal akan meningkatkan gaya angkat ke mainhull sehingga area lahan basah semakin kecil dan tahanan semakin kecil.

---

Multihull vessels have several advantages over than monohull vessels in terms of good stability, smaller drafts, and wider deck areas. Multihull vessels also have a larger wet surface area than monohull vessels, however, the resulting resistance remain smaller due to wave interference generated by each hull. The purpose of this study is to find a total resistance with different variations of speed and configuration. To determine the resistance value, a study of variations in speed and configuration of the hull was carried out based on the examination of trimaran ship models. The examination carried out on a physical scale based on the Froude method with experiments. Changes in the speed and configuration of the hull shape on the Trimaran ship are significant to the ship's resistance component. The optimal trimaran hull configuration will increase the lift force to the mainhull that the wet field area gets smaller and the resistance is getting smaller."

"Penelitian ini berusaha menelusuri tindakan resistensi kelompok musik lokal Mother Bank jika ditinjau dari perspektif kajian ilmu komunikasi. Mother Bank menekankan identitasnya pada ruang kesenian sebagai sekelompok perempuan yang berasal dari daerah rural lalu menyuarakan keresahannya lewat musik. Mereka menggunakan medium-medium tertentu untuk menyuarakan resistensinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan paradigma konstruktivis, serta metode studi kasus untuk melihat kejadian secara lebih mendalam dan terhubung. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara, serta studi literatur dengan menelusuri berbagai artefak media yang bertebaran. Temuan menunjukan bahwa ada suatu pola yang terbentuk di balik resistensi yang dilakukan oleh Mother Bank, dimana ada aktor-aktor tertentu yang menjadi inisiator resistensi Mother Bank selaku pelaku budaya. Peneliti juga melihat munculnya indikasi Mother Bank sebagai sebuah subkultur berdasarkan resistensi mereka yang mengarah pada gagasan counter hegemoni yang lebih besar.

---

This research attempts to explore the resistance actions of the local music group Mother Bank when viewed from the perspective of communication science studies. Mother Bank emphasizes its identity in the arts space as a group of women from rural areas who voice their concerns through music. They use certain media to voice their resistance. This research uses a qualitative approach with a constructivist paradigm, as well as a case study method to look at events in more depth and connection. Data was collected through field observations, interviews, and literature studies by collecting various scattered media artifacts. The findings show that there is a pattern that has formed behind the resistance carried out by Mother Bank, where there are certain actors who are the initiators of Mother Bank's resistance as cultural actors. Researchers also see the emergence of indications of Mother Bank as a subculture based on their resistance which leads to the idea of a larger counter-hegemony."

"Micro Resistance Spot Welding (MRSW) merupakan metode pengelasan yang banyak digunakan di industri manufaktur dikarenakan prosesnya yang cepat, efisien secara ekonomi, dapat diotomatisasi, dan dapat digunakan untuk pelat dengan ketebalan rendah. Pelat paduan aluminium dan brass, yaitu AA 1100 dan CuZn30 dengan ketebalan rendah merupakan bahan yang dewasa ini banyak digunakan dalam industri manufaktur dikarenakan sifatnya yang ringan dengan kekuatan mekanis yang baik. Belum terdapat penelitian yang membahas mengenai parameter optimum dari mRSW untuk pengelasan AA 1100 dan CuZn30. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan pengelasan terhadap pelat AA 1100 dan CuZn30 dengan dimensi 19 mm x 76 mm x 0,4 mm menggunakan instrumen pengelasan micro resistance spot welding (MRSW) otomatis dengan variabel cycle time pengelasan secara berturut-turut sebesar 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 siklus. Karakterisasi hasil las dilakukan lewat analisis pengujian tarik. Pengujian tarik menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan nilai shear stress pada siklus/cycle time yang lebih besar.

---

Micro Resistance Spot Welding (MRSW) is a welding method that is widely used in the manufacturing industry due to its fast, economically efficient, automable process and can be used for low thickness plates. Aluminum and brass alloy plates, namely AA 1100 and CuZn30 with low thickness are materials that are currently widely used in the manufacturing industry due to their lightweight nature with good mechanical strength. There are no studies that discuss the optimum parameters of micro resistance spot welding (MRSW) for welding AA 1100 and CuZn30. In this study, welding was carried out on the AA 1100 and CuZn30 plates with dimensions of 19 mm x 76 mm x 0.4 mm using an automatic mRSW welding instrument with a variable welding cycle time respectively 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, , 9, 10 cycles. The characterization of welds was carried out through tensile testing. The tensile test shows that there is an increase in the value of shear stress at a greater cycle / cycle time."

"ABSTRAKTeknologi pengelasan friction stir spot welding FSSW merupakan pengelasan pada solid state welding sehingga dapat mengatasi kerusakan, karena tidak memerlukan temperatur yang tinggi. Two-stage refilled friction stir spot welding TFSSW merupakan pengelasan tahap kedua untuk pengisian lubang yang terbentuk pada pengelasan FSSW. Penelitian ini mencari pengaruh besar diameter pin dan dwell time tahap kedua terhadap kekuatan geser pengelasan. Material yang digunakan yaitu Alumunium Al 1100 dengan ketebalan 0,4 mm dan kecepatan spindle 33.000 rpm. Parameter yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu variasi diameter pin 2 mm, 2.5 mm, dan 3 mm dan variasi dwell time tahap kedua 4 detik, 6 detik, dan 8 detik . Analisis makro dilakukan terhadap hasil pengelasan di setiap variabel.

---

ABSTRACTFriction stir spot welding technology is a solid state welding that can overcome damages caused by high temperatures. Two stage refilled friction stir spot welding TFSSW is a second step to refill keyhole that formed after conventional FSSW process. This study is to analyze the effect of tool diameter and second stage dwell time on TFSSW to the shear strength of welds. Alumunium material Al 1100 with thickness 0,4 mm was used and spindle speed was at 33.000 rpm. Parameters used in this study were the variable of tool diameter 2 mm, 2.5 mm, and 3 mm and variable of second stage dwell time 4 seconds, 6 seconds, and 8 seconds . Analysis of macro structure was studied on variation of welds."

"Micro Resistance Spot Welding mRSW merupakan metode pengelasan yang banyak digunakan di industri manufaktur dikarenakan prosesnya yang cepat, efisien secara ekonomi, dapat diotomasi, dan dapat digunakan untuk pelat dengan ketebalan rendah. Pelat paduan aluminium, khususnya AA 1100 dengan ketebalan rendah merupakan salah satu bahan yang dewasa ini banyak digunakan dalam industri manufaktur dikarenakan sifatnya yang ringan dengan kekuatan mekanis yang baik. Belum terdapat penelitian yang membahas mengenai parameter optimum dari mRSW untuk pengelasan AA 1100. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan pengelasan terhadap pelat AA 1100 dengan dimensi 19 mm x 76 mm x 0,4 mm menggunakan instrumen pengelasan mRSW otomatis dengan variabel yaitu diameter tip elektroda dan cycle time pengelasan secara berturut-turut sebesar 2, 4, 6 mm dan 5, 7,5, 10 siklus. Karakterisasi hasil las dilakukan lewat analisis makrostruktur dan pengujian tarik. Hasil observasi makrostruktur menunjukkan adanya peningkatan diameter weld nugget seiring dengan penggunaan tip dengan diameter lebih besar. Pengujian tarik menunjukkan bahwa diameter tip berbanding lurus dengan tensile load yang terjadi pada hasil las, sementara terjadi penurunan nilai tensile load pada siklus/cycle time yang lebih besar.

---

Micro Resistance Spot Welding mRSW is commonly used in the manufacturing industry due to its time and economic efficiency, easily automated, and its ability to be used in welding of thin plates. Al alloy plates, such as AA 1100 alloy plates with low thickness are currently utilized in manufacture industries considering its lightweight and good mechanical properties. However, there are no sufficient studies that investigate the optimum mRSW parameters in AA1100 welding.

In this reserach, AA1100 alloys specimens in 19 mm x 76 mm x 0.4 mm dimension were welded using automatic mRSW method with variations on the electrode tip diameter and welding cycle time. Diameters of the electrode tip were 2, 4, and 6 mm, respectively, while welding cycle time were varied for 5, 7.5, and 10 cycles. Characterizations of welded plates were done through macrography observation and tensile testing.

Results of macrography shows that diameter of weld nuggest increase along with bigger electrode tip diameter. Tensile testing results, indicates that larger tip diameter resulted in higher tensile load. On the other hand, more cycle time applied during welding procedure resulted in lower tensile load of produced weld."

"Proses penyambungan logam dengan proses pengelasan merupakan proses penyambungan permanen yang masih sangat diperlukan dan terus dikembangkan pada proses manufaktur. Dengan memanfaatkan kelebihan sifat mekanik yang dimiliki masing-masing logam menjadikan latar belakang pengembangan pengelasan logam berbeda tipe dan jenis dissimilar welding , Resistance spot welding RSW salah satu teknologi pengelasan yang bisa dipakai untuk mengelas logam berbeda. Konsep efesiensi energi menjadi salah satu faktor yang dipertimbangkan dalam membuat konstruksi dengan konsep dimensi besar, mempunyai kekuatan yang dibutuhkan akan tetapi lebih ringan. Dengan demikian diperlukan pengembangan konstruksi ringan, konstruksi ringan sarang lebah honeycomb dari logam yang tipis dibuat dengan teknologi mikro RSW. Plat alumunium tebal 0,4 mm dapat disambung dengan sempurna menggunakan proses mikro RSW, parameter pengelasan yang paling optimal yaitu arus pengelasaan diatas 5 kV, waktu pengelasan 6 CT keatas, dan gaya elektrode lebih dari 343 N. Mikro RSW mampu menyambung plat baja tahan karat SS 301 ketebalan 0,2 mm dengan plat aluminium AA 1100 tebal 0,4 mm, akan tetapi sifat lebih rapuh. Mikro RSW mampu menyambung plat baja 0,2 mm, plat baja lapis seng 0,2 mm, dan plat alumunium 0,4 mm. Mikro RSW bisa dipergunakan untuk membuat konstruksi ringan dari plat-plat tipis, baja tebal 0,2 mm, baja lapis seng tebal 0,2 mm, dan aluminium tebal 0,4 mm. Konstruksi ini mampu menahan beban uji tarik lebih dari 5.000 N tanpa merusak sambungan lasan, konstruksi juga mampu menahan beban tekan mendekati 10.000 N, dengan 7 sambungan lasan robek, 9 sambungan retak.

---

Metal joining process with welding technology is a permanent join which is still needed and is still developed in manufacturing industries. Advantage of mechanical properties from each metal can be joined together to get a great joint. RSW is one of some weld technologies used to weld dissimilar metals. An efficiency energy concept in a product design is a design concept to get a lightening product so a lightweight construction one of solution to reduce energy consume. A honeycomb construction in this study is a lightweight construction developed form stainless steel 0.2 mm of thin, galvanized zinc 0.2 mm, and aluminum 0.4 mm. Welding parameter optimized with welding current more than 5 kV, welding time more than 6 CT, and electrode force more than 343 N. Micro RSW could join SS 301 thin 0.2 mm with AA 1100 0.4 mm, however brittle weld nugget. Micro RSW can be used to join aluminum, zinc galvanized steel, and stainless steel in a honeycomb construction. Honeycomb has mechanical performance when withstand tensile load more than 5.000 N, weld nugget in the honeycomb was not failure moreover based metal or AA 1100 was tear. Honeycomb was joined by Micro RSW could hold compression load more 10.000 N, 7 tear and 9 crack of weld nugget."

"Kualitas produk merupakan hal yang sangat penting dan perlu diperhatikan untuk mencapai kepuasan konsumen. Metode eksperimen yang konvensional tidak dapat dipakai lagi dalam menentukan parameter mesin las. Metode Taguchi digunakan untuk menentukan nilai parameter mesin las agar hasil pengelasan sesuai dengan spesifikasi yang diinginkan. Dari eksperimen yang dilakukan, faktor welding current dan electroda force sangat berperan dalam variasi proses pengelasan titik. Akhirnya, penelitian tersebut memperoleh kombinasi level yang optimal untuk masing-masing faktor. Penggunaan kombinasi tersebut menghasilkan hasil pengelasan (diameter nugget) menjadi kokoh (robust) terhadap gangguan penyebab variasi proses.

---

Product quality is the important thing that must be considered to achieve customer satisfaction. Traditional experimental method does not used on determining setting of spot welding machines. Taguchi method had been used to determining the optimal setting parameter spot welding machine in order to welding output appropriate with desirable specification. From the experiment which is conducted, welding current and electrode force are very contributed to variation of welding process. Finally, this research is procuring the optimal combination level of each factor. Using the combination produce welding result (nugget?s diameter) is robust from any noise cause of process variability."