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"[TUJUAN: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan performa uji jalan 400 meter pada wanita antara penyandang diabetes melitus (DM) tipe 2 dan individu sehat, dengan membandingkan kecepatan berjalan dan prediksi ambilan oksigen maksimal (VO2max). METODE: Subyek penelitian adalah wanita dengan DM tipe 2 dan individu sehat, yang dipasangkan berdasarkan kelompok umur. Dilakukan pemeriksaan awal berupa indeks massa tubuh, glukosa sewaktu, ankle-brachial index, tekanan darah, dan nadi pra uji latih. Sebelum diberikan uji jalan 400 meter, subyek melakukan pemanasan pada jalur 20 meter selama 2 menit. Selama pemanasan dan uji latih, nadi diukur tiap 30 detik. Tekanan darah sistolik diukur setelah pemanasan dan dalam 60 detik setelah uji latih. Uji jalan 400 meter dilakukan 2 kali pada hari yang berbeda.

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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the performa of the 400-meter walk test in women between people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and healthy individuals, by comparing walking speed and predicted maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max). METHOD: Study subjects were women with type 2 DM and healthy individuals, who were paired by age group. Initial examinations were carried out in the form of body mass index, glucose at any time, ankle-brachial index, blood pressure, and pulse before the training test. Before being given a 400-meter road test, the subjects warmed up on a 20-meter track for 2 minutes. During warm-ups and training tests, the pulse is measured every 30 seconds. Systolic blood pressure is measured after warm-up and within 60 seconds of the training test. Test the 400-meter walk is carried out 2 times on different days.;, ]"

"Salah satu komplikasi mikroangiopati dari penyakit DM dan merupakan penyebab kematian terpenting pada penderita DM adalah Nefropati Diabetik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kejadian Gangguan Ginjal pada penderita DM serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian tersebut di RSCM tahun 2012. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada penderita DM yang berobat baik di rawat jalan (Poli DM) maupun rawat inap dengan menggunakan desain cross sectional. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 255 pasien DM yang terpilih seara random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sebanyak 34,9% sampel mengalami Gangguan Ginjal. Hasil dari analisis chi square menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin dan lama menderita DM dengan kejadian Gangguan Ginjal.

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One of the microangiopathic complications and the most important cause of death in people with diabetes is Diabetic Nephropathy. The purpose of this study was to describe the incidence of renal disorders in patients with diabetes and the factors that influence the event at the RSCM in 2012. The study was conducted in patients with DM were treated well in the outpatient (Poly DM) and hospitalizations using cross-sectional design. The research sample consisted of 255 patients who elected seara DM random sampling. The results showed that as many as 34.9% of the sample had Kidney Disorders. Results of chi-square analysis showed that there is a relationship between sex and the incidence of long- suffering DM Kidney Disorders."

"Latar belakang: Gangguan fungsi ginjal pada tahap awal sangat jarang diketahui karena belum memunculkan tanda dan gejala. Saat gangguan fungsi ginjal berkembang progresif dan muncul penyakit ginjal terminal hingga hemodialisis akan menyebabkan status kesehatan jemaah haji menjadi risiko tinggi dan dapat menjadi tidak memenuhi syarat istithaah. Perlu dilakukan evaluasi lebih awal dengan mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan gangguan fungsi ginjal seperti obesitas sentral untuk mendapatkan upaya pencegahan dan intervensi yang lebih menguntungkan. Tujuan: Mengetahui prevalensi gangguan fungsi ginjal dan hubungan obesitas sentral dengan gangguan gangguan fungsi ginjal pada jemaah haji penderita DM tipe 2. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional terhadap 2.106 jemaah haji yang menderita DM tipe 2. Subyek diperoleh dari data sekunder Siskohatkes Shar'i Puskeshaji Kemenkes RI tahun 1438 H / 2017 M. Semua subyek dilakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan di puskesmas atau rumah sakit rujukan. Estimasi nilai LFG menggunakan persamaan CKD EPI untuk menentukan fungsi ginjal. Obesitas sentral ditentukan menggunakan indeks lemak visceral. Analisis menggunakan regresi logistik multivariat. Hasil: Nilai rata-rata estimasi LFG 78,63 ml/menit/1,72 m2. Prevalensi gangguan fungsi ginjal pada jemaah haji yang menderita DM tipe 2 sebesar 39,55%. Prevalensi gangguan fungsi ginjal pada Jemaah haji penderita DM tipe 2 dengan obesitas sentral adalah 29,17%. Obesitas sentral berhubungan signifikan secara statistik dengan gangguan fungsi ginjal pada jemaah haji penderita DM tipe 2. Nilai adjusted OR sebesar 1,45 (95% CI 1,19-1,77). Kesimpulan: Prevalensi gangguan fungsi ginjal pada jemaah haji yang menderita DM tipe 2 sebesar 39,55%. Obesitas sentral berhubungan secara signifikan dengan gangguan fungsi ginjal pada jemaah haji yang menderita DM tipe 2.

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Background: Impaired renal function in the early stages often not raised signs and symptoms. End-stage renal disease with hemodialysis will cause Indonesian pilgrims in high risk health status and does not meet istithaah requirements. Early detection of risk factors such as central obesity might be directed to benefit prevention dan intervention.

Objective: to estimate the prevalence of renal function impairment in type 2 DM and the association of central obesity with renal function impairment among Indonesian pilgrim with type 2 DM based on Siskohatkes shar'i 1438 H / 2017 M.

Methods: This cross sectional studi consisted of 2.106 Indonesian pilgrims with type 2 DM. The data was obtained from Siskohatkes 2017 of Pilgrimage Health Center, Ministry of Health. The variable data analyzed were creatinin serum, anthropometric, age, gender, smoking, family history of end-stage renal disease, blood pressure, HDL, LDL, trigliserida and uric acid. Renal function impairment was defined according to Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation to estimate Glomerulus Filtration Rate (eGFR). Central obesity was determined using visceral adiposity index (VAI). Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association of central obesity and renal function impairment.

Result: The prevalence of renal function impairment in Indonesia pilgrim with type 2 DM was 39,55%. The mean of eGFR was 78,63 ml/min/1,72 m2. Central obesity was associated with renal function impairment (adjusted OR = 1,45; 95% CI 1,19-1,77).

Conclusion: The prevalence of renal function impairment in Indonesia pilgrim with type 2 DM was 39,55%. Central obesity was associated with renal function impairment."

"Ketoasidosis diabetik (KAD) merupakan komplikasi akut dari diabetes melitus (DM) tak terkontrol, ditandai dengan hiperglikemia, ketosis, dan asidosis metabolik. Pemberian nutrisi sering menjadi masalah, namun menunda pemberian nutrisi dini menyebabkan peningkatan kadar keton darah dan morbiditas pasien. Tujuan penulisan serial kasus ini adalah memulihkan ketosidosis dan memenuhi kebutuhan makro- dan mikronutrien. Pasien berusia antara 18?65 tahun, mengalami KAD dengan DM, dirawat 5?12 hari di Rumah Sakit Umum Tangerang. Pencetus KAD adalah infeksi, ketidakpatuhan pengobatan, dan diet yang tidak tepat. Keempat orang pasien menderita DM dengan penyakit penyerta yang berbeda. Terapi nutrisi diberikan berdasarkan kondisi klinis pasien. Energi diberikan mulai dari kebutuhan basal yang dihitung dengan persamaan Harris-Benedict, atau dimulai dari 20?25 kkal/ kg BB pada kondisi sakit kritis. Makronutrien diberikan sesuai rekomendasi American Diabetes Association dan mikronutrien sesuai dengan kondisi dan kebutuhan pasien. Pemantauan yang dilakukan meliputi toleransi asupan, imbang cairan, antropometri, dan laboratorium (kadar glukosa darah, keton darah, dan elektrolit). Edukasi dan konsultasi nutrisi diberikan setiap hari. Selama pemantauan semua pasien menunjukkan perbaikan klinis dan penurunan kadar keton darah. Semua pasien dapat mencapai kebutuhan energi total dan kadar glukosa darah mendekati normal. Sebelum pulang pasien diberikan edukasi tentang cara mengetahui faktor yang dapat mencetuskan KAD dan mengatasinya, serta edukasi nutrisi untuk mencapai kontrol glikemik optimal dan mencegah KAD.

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Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication of uncontrolled diabetes, characterized by hyperglycemia, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis. Nutrition intervention may often cause some problems, unfortunately, withholding early nutrition may increase blood ketones concentration and patient morbidity. Aims of this case series are resolve ketoacidosis dan meet macro and micronutrient requirement. Patients aged between 18 to 65 years old, presented DKA with diabetes mellitus, and hospitalized from 5 to 12 days at Tangerang General Hospital. Precipitating factors of DKA include infection, noncompliance to medication, and inproper diet. All patients suffered from DM with different comorbidities. Nutritional therapy was given according to patients clinical condition. The energy was given begin with basal requirement, which calculated using Harris-Benedict equation, or begin with 20?25 kcal/kg body weight (BW) in critically ill condition. Macronutrients were given according to American Diabetes Association recommendation and micronutrients based on patients? condition and requirement. Monitoring includes food intake tolerance, fluid balance, anthropometric, and laboratory results (blood glucose levels, blood ketone, and electrolytes). Education and nutrition consultation were given everyday. During monitoring all patients showed clinical improvements in general condition and blood ketone concentration?s reduction. All patients can meet total energy requirement with blood glucose levels close to normal. Before discharge, patients received education to identify and manage risk factors that may precipitate DKA. Nutrition education was also given to achieve optimal glycemic control and prevent DKA."

"Latar Belakang: Insidensi dan prevalensi diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) terus meningkat. Penurunan imunitas yang terjadi pada DMT2 dapat meningkatkan risiko infeksi. Kontrol gula darah yang baik bermanfaat dalam pengendalian infeksi dan pencegahan komplikasi makro dan mikrovaskuler tetapi penelitian yang melibatkan pasien DMT2 usia lanjut masih belum konklusif. Serial kasus ini dilakukan untuk melihat efektivitas kontrol gula darah terhadap kesintasan pasien DMT2 yang dirawat di rumah sakit, dan untuk implementasi tatalaksana nutrisi sesuai kebutuhan dan kondisi klinis pasien. Metode: Pasien pada serial kasus ini berusia antara 47 ? 65 tahun. Penyulit infeksi pada keempat pasien ini yaitu gangren diabetikum, selulitis, dan sepsis dengan infeksi paru dan infeksi saluran kemih. Tatalaksana nutrisi pasien dilakukan sesuai dengan rekomendasi American Diabetes Association dan Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes disesuaikan dengan kondisi klinis dan toleransi pasien. Perhitungan kebutuhan nutrisi menggunakan rekomendasi untuk perawatan pasien sakit kritis bagi pasien yang dirawat di intensive care unit (ICU), dan menggunakan perhitungan dengan formula Harris-Benedict bagi yang dirawat di ruangan dengan faktor stres sesuai derajat hipermetabolisme pasien. Pasien dipantau selama 7 ? 11 hari. Edukasi diberikan kepada pasien dan keluarga selama perawatan dan saat akan pulang. Hasil: Dalam pemantauan, tiga pasien menunjukkan perbaikan klinis, toleransi asupan, dan laboratorium, dan dapat dipulangkan, sedangkan satu pasien meninggal dunia. Kesimpulan: Kontrol gula darah, asupan nutrisi yang adekuat, dan edukasi yang sesuai, dapat meningkatkan kesintasan pasien DMT2 dengan penyulit infeksi yang dirawat di rumah sakit.

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Background: The incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing. Immune disfunction in T2DM patient may increase the risk of infection. The appropriate blood glucose control has a benefit in infection control and macro and microvascular complication prevention. The Studies of glycaemic control included older patients did not find convincing evidence. The aim of this case series is to assess the association between glycaemic control and clinical outcome of hospitalized T2DM patient with comorbid infection, and to provide appropriate nutrition therapy based on individual nutrition needs.

Method: Patients in this case series were between 47 - 65 years old. There of those patients were diagnosed T2DM with comorbid gangrenous diabeticum, cellulitis, and sepsis with lung infection and urinary tract infection. Two patients need intensive care in ICU, and another patients in the ward. Two patients received nutrition therapy as critically ill condition, and the rest as American Diabetic Association recommendation, with basal calorie requirement were calculated using Harris-Benedict formula and stress factor suitable for metabolic changes. Monitoring was done for 7 - 11 days. Education was done for the patient and family during hospitalization and discharge planning.

Results: Three patients showed the improvement of clinical conditions, intake tolerance, and laboratory results, whatever one patient was pass away.

Conclusion: Glycaemic control, adequate nutrition intake, and intensive education, may improve survival rate in hospitalized T2DM patient with infection as comorbid."

"ABSTRAK Latar Belakang. Prevalensi disfungsi tiroid lebih tinggi pada pasien diabetes dibandingkan populasiumum. Hipotiroidisme memperburuk komplikasi, morbiditas, mortalitas, dan kualitas hidup pasiendiabetes melitus tipe 2 (DM tipe 2). Faktor risiko hipotiroidisme pada pasien DM tipe 2 selama ini masihkontradiktif dan belum dikaji secara lengkap. Keberadaan sistem skor hipotiroidisme pada pasien DMtipe 2 diperlukan untuk membantu diagnosis dan menapis pasien DM tipe 2 yang memerlukanpemeriksaan laboratorium fungsi tiroid sebagai baku emas diagnosis hipotiroidisme.Tujuan. Mengetahui prevalensi dan determinan hipotiroidisme pada pasien DM tipe 2.Metode. Penelitian dengan desain potong lintang dilakukan di Poliklinik Divisi Metabolik Endokrin(Poliklinik Diabetes) RSCM pada Juli sampai September 2015 dengan metode sampling konsekutif.Subjek menjalani anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisis, dan pemeriksaan laboratorium (TSH dan fT4). Analisisdata dilakukan dengan program statistik SPSS Statistics 17.0 untuk analisis univariat, bivariat,multivariat, dan Receiving Characteristics Operator (ROC) dan SPSS Statistics 20.0 untuk analisisbootstrapping pada Kalibrasi Hosmer-Lemeshow.Hasil. Sebanyak 303 subjek dianalisis untuk mendapatkan proporsi disfungsi tiroid dan 299 subjekdianalisis untuk mendapatkan determinan hipotiroidisme. Sebanyak 23 subjek (7,59%) terdiagnosishipotiroidisme, terdiri dari 43,5% subjek hipotiroid klinis dan 56,5% subjek hipotiroid subklinisberdasarkan Indeks Zulewski dan/atau Indeks Billewicz, dengan 16,7% hipotiroid klinis dan 83,3%hipotiroid subklinis berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan fT4. Determinan hipotiroidisme pada pasien DMtipe 2 adalah riwayat penyakit tiroid di keluarga dengan OR sebesar 4,719 (95% IntervalKepercayaan/IK 1,07-20,8, p = 0,04), keberadaan goiter dengan OR sebesar 20,679 (95% IK 3,49122,66, p = 0,001),kontrol glikemik yang buruk dengan OR sebesar 3,460 (95%IK 1,075-11,14, p = 0,037), dan adanya sindrom metabolikOR sebesar 25,718 (95% IK 2,21-299,99, p = 0,01). Simpulan. Proporsi hipotiroidisme pada pasien DM tipe 2 adalah 7,59%. Determinan diagnosis dan komponen sistem skor hipotiroidisme pada pasien DM tipe 2 adalah riwayat penyakit tiroid di keluarga, keberadaan goiter, kontrol glikemik yang buruk, dan adanya sindrom metabolik. Sistem skor yang diberi nama Skor Hipotiroid RSCM ini diharapkan menjadi alat bantu diagnosis hipotiroidisme pada pasienDM tipe 2. ABSTRACT Background. Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction is greater in diabetes patients compared to generalpopulation. Hypothyroidism is worsening complications, morbidity, mortality, and quality of life in type2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Risk factors of hypothyroidism in T2DM patients are stillcontradictive and not assessed completely. Presence of scoring system to estimate hypothyroidism inT2DM patients are needed to help diagnosing and screening of T2DM patients who need to undergothyroid function test as a gold standard diagnostic for hypothyroidism.Aim. To identify prevalence and estimators of hypothyroidism in T2DM patients.Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Metabolic Endocrine (Diabetes) Outpatient ClinicCipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from July-September 2015 with consecutive sampling method. Allsubjects underwent interview, physical examination, and laboratory testing (TSH and fT4). Analysiswas done by using SPSS Statistics 17.0 for univariate, bivariate, multivariate, and ROC (ReceivingOperator Characteristics) analysis and SPSS Statistics 20.0 for bootstrapping analysis in HosmerLemeshowCalibration. Results. 303 subjects included for proportion study of thyroid dysfunction and 299subjects included for analysis of hypothyroidism determinants. 23 subjects (7,59%) are diagnosed as havinghypothyroidism, consisted of 43,5% clinical hypothyroidism and 56,5% subclinical hypothyroidismbased on clinical scoring index by Zulewski and Billewicz, and 16,7% subjects as having clinicalhypothyroidism and 83,3% subjects as having subclinical hypothyroidism based on fT4 examination.Determinants for hypothyroidism in T2DM patients are family history of thyroid disease with OR 4,719(95% Confident Interval/CI 1,07-20,8, p = 0,04), having goiter or difus struma with OR 20,679 (95%CI 3,49-122,66, p = 0,001), poor glycemic control with OR 3,460 (95% CI 1,075-11,14, p = 0,037), and metabolic syndrome with OR 25,718 (95% CI 2,21-299,99, p = 0,01). Conclusion. Proportion of hypothyroidism in T2DM patients is 7,59%. Determinants and componentsof scoring system of hypothyroidism in T2DM patients consist of family history of thyroid disease,having goiter or difus struma, poor glycemic control, and metabolic syndrome. Scoring system which iscalled RSCM Hypothyroid Score is expected to be a tool for helping diagnosis of hypothyroidism inT2DM patients.;Background. Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction is greater in diabetes patients compared to generalpopulation. Hypothyroidism is worsening complications, morbidity, mortality, and quality of life in type2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Risk factors of hypothyroidism in T2DM patients are stillcontradictive and not assessed completely. Presence of scoring system to estimate hypothyroidism inT2DM patients are needed to help diagnosing and screening of T2DM patients who need to undergothyroid function test as a gold standard diagnostic for hypothyroidism.Aim. To identify prevalence and estimators of hypothyroidism in T2DM patients.Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Metabolic Endocrine (Diabetes) Outpatient ClinicCipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from July-September 2015 with consecutive sampling method. Allsubjects underwent interview, physical examination, and laboratory testing (TSH and fT4). Analysiswas done by using SPSS Statistics 17.0 for univariate, bivariate, multivariate, and ROC (ReceivingOperator Characteristics) analysis and SPSS Statistics 20.0 for bootstrapping analysis in HosmerLemeshowCalibration. Results.303subjectsincludedforproportionstudyofthyroiddysfunctionand299subjectsincludedforanalysis of hypothyroidism determinants. 23 subjects (7,59%) are diagnosed as havinghypothyroidism, consisted of 43,5% clinical hypothyroidism and 56,5% subclinical hypothyroidismbased on clinical scoring index by Zulewski and Billewicz, and 16,7% subjects as having clinicalhypothyroidism and 83,3% subjects as having subclinical hypothyroidism based on fT4 examination.Determinants for hypothyroidism in T2DM patients are family history of thyroid disease with OR 4,719(95% Confident Interval/CI 1,07-20,8, p = 0,04), having goiter or difus struma with OR 20,679 (95%CI 3,49-122,66, p = 0,001), poor glycemic control with OR 3,460 (95% CI 1,075-11,14, p = 0,037), and metabolic syndrome with OR 25,718 (95% CI 2,21-299,99, p = 0,01).Conclusion. Proportion of hypothyroidism in T2DM patients is 7,59%. Determinants and componentsof scoring system of hypothyroidism in T2DM patients consist of family history of thyroid disease,having goiter or difus struma, poor glycemic control, and metabolic syndrome. Scoring system which iscalled RSCM Hypothyroid Score is expected to be a tool for helping diagnosis of hypothyroidism inT2DM patients.;Background. Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction is greater in diabetes patients compared to generalpopulation. Hypothyroidism is worsening complications, morbidity, mortality, and quality of life in type2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Risk factors of hypothyroidism in T2DM patients are stillcontradictive and not assessed completely. Presence of scoring system to estimate hypothyroidism inT2DM patients are needed to help diagnosing and screening of T2DM patients who need to undergothyroid function test as a gold standard diagnostic for hypothyroidism.Aim. To identify prevalence and estimators of hypothyroidism in T2DM patients.Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Metabolic Endocrine (Diabetes) Outpatient ClinicCipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from July-September 2015 with consecutive sampling method. Allsubjects underwent interview, physical examination, and laboratory testing (TSH and fT4). Analysiswas done by using SPSS Statistics 17.0 for univariate, bivariate, multivariate, and ROC (ReceivingOperator Characteristics) analysis and SPSS Statistics 20.0 for bootstrapping analysis in HosmerLemeshowCalibration. Results.303subjectsincludedforproportionstudyofthyroiddysfunctionand299subjectsincludedforanalysis of hypothyroidism determinants. 23 subjects (7,59%) are diagnosed as havinghypothyroidism, consisted of 43,5% clinical hypothyroidism and 56,5% subclinical hypothyroidismbased on clinical scoring index by Zulewski and Billewicz, and 16,7% subjects as having clinicalhypothyroidism and 83,3% subjects as having subclinical hypothyroidism based on fT4 examination.Determinants for hypothyroidism in T2DM patients are family history of thyroid disease with OR 4,719(95% Confident Interval/CI 1,07-20,8, p = 0,04), having goiter or difus struma with OR 20,679 (95%CI 3,49-122,66, p = 0,001), poor glycemic control with OR 3,460 (95% CI 1,075-11,14, p = 0,037), and metabolic syndrome with OR 25,718 (95% CI 2,21-299,99, p = 0,01).Conclusion. Proportion of hypothyroidism in T2DM patients is 7,59%. Determinants and componentsof scoring system of hypothyroidism in T2DM patients consist of family history of thyroid disease,having goiter or difus struma, poor glycemic control, and metabolic syndrome. Scoring system which iscalled RSCM Hypothyroid Score is expected to be a tool for helping diagnosis of hypothyroidism inT2DM patients."

"ABSTRAKDiabetes Melitus merupakan masalah di Perusahaan X, data pemeriksaan kesehatanberkala tahun 2008-2009 memperlihatkan sebanyak 25% pekerja berisiko menderitapenyakit diabetes melitus. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan faktorrisiko penyakit diabetes mellitus pada pekerja perusahaan X, tujuan khususnyamenjelaskan gambaran faktor risiko diabetes, yaitu: dislipidemia, riwayat hipertensi,stres, merokok, obesitas, kurang olah raga, usia, riwayat keluarga dengan diabetesmellitus, kebiasaan makan tinggi lemak dan gula. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan padaFebruari ? Mei 2012. Jenis penelitian adalah observasional dengan rancangan studicross sectional, dengan sampel 111 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensidiabetes melitus pada perusahaan X sebesar 21,6%. Dari variabel dislipidemiaberhubungan signifikan dengan diabetes mellitus (p= 0,058, OR= 3,36). Variabelumur ≥ 40 tahun berhubungan signifikan dengan diabetes mellitus (p= 0,038,OR=5,22). Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari penelitian ini adalah prevalensidiabetes mellitus di perusahaan X cukup tinggi dan kejadian diabetes ini berhubungandengan dislipidemia dan usia ≥ 40 tahun. Dari penelitian ini disarankan untukmelakukan pola hidup gizi seimbang.

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ABSTRACTDiabetes Mellitus has been a problem to factory X, base on screening of medicalcheckup data of factory X on year 2008 ? 2009 shown that 25% of their employeeindicated with Diabetes Mellitus. Mine concern on this research are to explain riskfactor of Diabetes Mellitus to the employee, with more focus on explaining the factorand risk of Diabetes, which is: Dyslipidemia Syndrome, history of hypertension,stress, smoking habit, obesity, low physical activity, age, family history withDiabetes, unhealthy eating habit. This research has conduct on February to May of2012. The design study used in this study is a cross sectional study, number of sampleare 111 person of sample. The prevalence of Diabetes on factory X are 21,6%. TheDyslipidemia variable shown significant relation on Diabetes Mellitus (p= 0,058,OR= 3,36). Age variable of ≥ 40 has direct relation with Diabetes Mellitus (p=0,038, OR=5,22). Conclusion, from this study it is shown the prevalent of DiabetesMellitus on factory X are high and correlation between Diabetes Mellitus withDyslipidemia and age ≥ 40 years old. It is suggest from this study to live base onhealthy diet."

"Kepatuhan berolahraga mempunyai peran penting dalam manajemen terapi penderita diabetes melitus. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan penderita DM dalam melakukan olahraga. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel 122 responden diambil secara acak proposional. Analisa data menggunakan Chi Square dan regresi logistik berganda. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan penderita DM dalam melakukan olahraga adalah jenis kelamin (p = 0.026), pengetahuan (p = 0.013). persepsi manfaat (p = 0.016), persepsi hambatan (p = 0.002), dan dukungan keluarga (p = 0.00). Faktor yang paling dominan adalah dukungan keluarga (OR = 10.047). Diharapkan pelayanan kesehatan mengembangkan pengelolaan pelayanan berbasis keluarga dan komunitas untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien diabetes militus.

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Adherence play important role at therapeutic management of patients with DM. The Purpose this study was to identifies the factors Associated with adherence to exercise at patients with diabetes mellitus. This research was Quantitative research design with cross sectional approach. Sample was 122 respondents gained with proposional random method. Data were analyzed using chi square and multiple regression.Factors associated with adherence to exercise was gender (p = 0026), knowledge (p = 0.013). perception of benefit (p = 0.008), perceived barriers (p = 0.002), and family support (p = 0.00). family support was strong Associated with adherence to exercise (OR = 10.047). Expected health care service develop the management of health service based on family and community to improve adherence at patients with diabetes mellitus."

"Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 merupakan penyebab kematian ke-2 pada kelompok usia 45-54 tahun di daerah perkotaan, sedangkan di pedesaan menduduki peringkat ke-6. Angka kejadiannya berhubungan dengan adanya resistensi insulin akibat berbagai macam faktor. Pola paling umum dijumpai adalah dislipidemia terutama hipertrigliseridemia dan pengurangan kadar HDL. Penelitian ini dirancang untuk melihat gambaran kadar trigliserida pada pasien DM tipe 2 yang berobat ke Poli IPD RSCM pada tahun 2010. Didapatkan bahwa dari 108 subyek, 55 orang berusia ≥55 tahun, 68 orang berjenis kelamin perempuan, 71 orang tidak merokok, dan 84 orang dengan kadar trigliserida normal. Dari hasil analisis didapat hubungan tidak bermakna antara kadar trigliserida dengan usia (Mann-Whitney, p = 0.104), jenis kelamin (Chi-square, p = 0.062), perilaku merokok (Chi-square, p = 0,973), kadar gula darah puasa (Mann-Whitney, p = 0.973), dan kadar gula darah dua jam post prandial. (Mann-Whitney, p = 0.539). Rerata TG berdasarkan analisis data adalah 140,5 (49-1144) mg/dL. Nilai rerata kadar glukosa darah puasa (GDP) 186,5 (114-559) mg/dL. Analisis data menunjukkan sebaran tidak normal dengan rerata kadar gula darah dua jam post prandial (GD2PP) sebesar 291 (178-582) mg/dL.

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Type 2 diabetic melitus is the second death cause on urban residencies age ranged 45-54 year old, while it is the 6th leading death cause on rural area, based on RISKEDA 2007. High rate of prevalencies is because insulin resistancies as results of multifactorial. Most common patern is dislipidemia especially hypertriglyceride and low level of HDL. This researh is designed to picture triglyceride level on type 2 diabetic melitus patients in RSCM on year 2010. Known that from 108 subjects, 55 are aged ≥55 year old, 68 are women, 71 don’t smoke and 84 with normal level of triglyceride. From analitic processes, known that triglyceride level is not associated with age (Mann-hitney, p = 0.104), sex (Chi-square, p = 0.062), smoking habbit (Chi-square, p = 0,973), fasting blood glucose (Mann-Whitney, p = 0.973), and 2 hours post-prandial blood glucose (Mann-Whitney, p = 0.539). Mean rate of triglyceride level is 140,5 (49-1144) mg/dL. Mean rate fasting blood glucose is 186,5 (114-559) mg/dL. Data analysis doesn’t show normal distribution on mean rate of level 2 hours post prandial blood glucose 291 (178-582) mg/dL."