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"Penelitian ini mengkaji pemenuhan hak atas pendidikan bagi Peserta Didik Berkebutuhan Khusus (PDBK) melalui kerangka access to justice dalam kebijakan pendidikan inklusif di tingkat Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA). Sebagai kelompok rentan, PDBK memiliki hak yang sama atas pendidikan, namun dalam pelaksanaannya masih menghadapi berbagai hambatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami bagaimana kebijakan pendidikan inklusif diatur dan diimplementasikan, serta bagaimana prinsip access to justice dapat menjamin terpenuhinya hak pendidikan PDBK secara substantif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode socio-legal dengan mengumpulkan data melalui wawancara mendalam dengan guru, wakil kepala sekolah bidang kesiswaan, guru BK, guru pendamping khusus, PDBK, dan teman sekelasnya, serta melalui observasi langsung non-partisipatif terhadap proses pembelajaran dan interaksi sosial di dua SMA Negeri di Jakarta, yakni SMAN 1 dan SMAN 4 Jakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan pendidikan inklusif secara normatif telah memperluas akses yang setara terhadap pendidikan. Namun, dalam praktiknya masih terdapat tantangan seperti keterbatasan layanan pendukung, kurangnya pelatihan guru, transisi yang belum sistemik, serta rendahnya penerimaan sosial dari lingkungan sekolah. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pemenuhan hak pendidikan bagi PDBK belum sepenuhnya tercapai secara adil dan setara. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan kebijakan dan pelibatan seluruh ekosistem sekolah dan pemerintah dalam membangun budaya inklusif.

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This research examines the fulfillment of the right to education for Students with Special Needs (PDBK) through the framework of access to justice in inclusive education policies at the Senior High School (SMA) level. As a vulnerable group, students with special needs have the same right to education, but in practice, they still face various obstacles. The purpose of this research is to understand how inclusive education policies are regulated and implemented, as well as how the principle of access to justice can substantively ensure the fulfillment of the educational rights of children with disabilities. This research uses the socio-legal method by collecting data through in-depth interviews with teachers, the vice principal for student affairs, guidance counselors, special assistant teachers, students with disabilities, and their classmates, as well as through non-participatory direct observation of the learning process and social interactions at two public high schools in Jakarta, namely SMAN 1 and SMAN 4 Jakarta. The research results show that inclusive education policies have normatively expanded equal access to education. However, in practice, there are still challenges such as limited support services, lack of teacher training, non-systemic tranSRons, and low social acceptance within the school environment. This indicates that the fulfillment of educational rights for children with disabilities has not yet been fully achieved in a fair and equitable manner. This research recommends strengthening policies and involving the entire school ecosystem and government in building an inclusive culture."

"Pelayanan pendidikan selayaknya dapat dinikmati oleh seluruh masyarakat, termasuk individu dengan kebutuhan khusus. Bentuk pelayanan pendidikan yang efektif bagi individu berkebutuhan khusus di seluruh jenjang adalah pendidikan inklusif. Namun, pelayanan pendidikan inklusif di tingkat perguruan tinggi belum mendapatkan perhatian yang memadai dari pemerintah. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah minimnya informasi mengenai kesiapan perguruan tinggi untuk melaksanakan pendidikan inklusif. Sikap dosen terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan kesediaan menyesuaikan strategi pengajaran bagi mahasiswa berkebutuhan khusus adalah dua hal yang mempengaruhi kesuksesan pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dengan kesediaan menyesuaikan strategi pengajaran, dan melihat perbedaan antara sikap dan kesediaan melakukan penyesuaian antara dosen di rumpun sains dan humaniora. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 71 responden (N sains = 27;N humaniora = 44). Pengambilan data yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner, menunjukkan hasil bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara komponen sikap dan kesediaan melakukan penyesuaian strategi pengajaran pada setiap komponennya, serta terdapat perbedaan sikap yang signifikan antara dosen sains dan humaniora.

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Education services should be available for all, including individuals with special needs. Educational services efectively for individuals with special needs in all levels is given in inclusive education form. However, government gives little attention for inclusive education services at university level. One of the reason is because the lack of information about college readiness for implementing inclusive education. Faculty's attitudes toward inclusive education and willingness to adjust teaching strategies for students with special needs are two important issues that affect the success of inclusive education.

This study aims to examine the relationship between attitudes towards inclusive education and willingness to adjust teaching strategies, and see the difference between the attitude and willingness to adjust teaching strategies between clumps of lecturer in science and humanities. The study was conducted on 71 respondents (N = 27 science; humanities N = 44). Data were obtained using questionnaire, showing a significant relationship between the components of attitude and willingness to adjust teaching strategies, and showing significant difference in attitudes between science and humanities faculty."

"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas mengenai bagaimana pendidikan inklusif dalam peraturanperundang-undangan di Indonesia memenuhi hak atas pendidikan untuk anakberkebutuhan khusus. Lebih lanjut dilihat bagaimana pelaksanaan peraturan yang adaserta bagaimana pandangan masyarakat terkait peraturan maupun pelaksanaanperaturan tersebut. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalahmetode kualitatif. Adapun pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara penelitiankepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan yang dilakukan dengan wawancara danobservasi pada SD Laboratorium PGSD FIP UNJ dan SDN Cijantung 01 Pagi. Hasilpenelitian ini menunjukkan perlu adanya peraturan yang mengatur lebih terperinciterkait pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif, serta diperlukannya pembinaan, pengawasan,serta evaluasi terhadap penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusif.

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ABSTRACTThis research discusses whether inclusive education as regulated in the Indonesianlaws and regulations fulfills the right to education for children with special needs.Furthermore, it also examines how the laws and regulations are implemented andhow the society views these laws and regulations and their implementations. Thisresearch employs the qualitative method. Data is obtained through literary research aswell as field research in the form of interviews and observations at SD LaboratoriumPGSD FIP UNJ and SDN Cijantung 01 Pagi. The research shows that there needs tobe more detailed laws and regulations regarding the delivery of inclusive education,as well as guidance, supervision, and evaluation regarding the implementation ofinclusive education."

"Kehadiran anak berkebutuhan khusus di tengah-tengah keluarga, telah membawa dampak kepada perubahan sikap, karakter, dan kondisi didalam keluarga. Ada keluarga yang dapat menerima karunia yang diberikan Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, ada juga keluarga yang belum bisa menerima kehadiran mereka di tengah-tengah keluarga. Penelitian kualitatif ini mencoba untuk mengetahui bagaimana suatu keluarga dapat menerima kehadiran anak berkebutuhan khusus didalam keluarga, dan membangun ketahanan keluarga. Melalui observasi dan wawancara mendalam kepada informan kunci dan informan pendukung, diketahui bahwa keluarga yang memiliki anak berkebutuhan khusus, dukungan ketahanan keluarga penting sebagai modal dasar anak memasuki interaksi sosial yang lebih majemuk dan dinamika yang lebih komplek dengan tingkat tantangan dan hambatan yang lebih luas. Peran orang tua terhadap anak baik di rumah, di masyarakat maupun di lingkungan sekolah dalam memotivasi, membimbing dan menguatkan mental dan emosional menjadi suatu hal yang mutlak dilakukan demi meraih masa depan yang lebih baik.Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kebersamaan/kebersatuan keluarga (suami, istri, dan anak) diperlukan dalam menghadapi permasalahan dan mencari penanggulangannya. Ketahanan keluarga yang ada pada keluarga-keluarga anak berkebutuhan khusus tersebut memang masing-masing memiliki tingkatan kemantapan yang berbeda. Semakin besarnya keluarga menjalankan fungsi, peran dan tugasnya dalam mendukung, memenuhi kebutuhan dasar anaknya (pendidikan inklusif), maka pencapaian keberhasilan akan mudah di raih. Selain itu peranan lingkungan sosial masyarakat dan lingkungan sekolah ternyata memberikan dukungan yang positif terhadap keragaman dan saling menghargai perbedaan.

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The presence of children with special needs in the midst of the family, has an impact to change the attitude, character, and conditions within the family, there are families who can receive the gift given by God Almighty, there are also families who can not accept their presence in the middle family. Qualitative research is trying to determine how a family can accept the presence of children with special needs in the family, and build family resilience.

Through observation and in-depth interviews with key informants and informant support, it is known that families who have children with special needs, build family resilience is the main factor to be prepared in the face of growth and development, social interaction, and to participate in inclusive education. Before, during follow and so on in the learning process, the support of family support is important as the capital of a child enters the social interaction that is more diverse and more complex dynamics at the level of the challenges and barriers to broader. Role of parents of children both at home, in the community and in the school environment to motivate, guide and strengthen the mental and emotional be an absolute thing done to achieve a better future.

Conclusions from the study showed that togetherness / oneness family (husband, wife, and children) is required in dealing with problems and seek to overcome. Resilience families that exist in families of children with special needs are indeed each have different levels of stability. The growing family functioning, role and duties in favor, meet their basic needs (IE), the achievement of success will be easily in reach. Besides the role of the social environment and school environment turns giving positive support to diversity and mutual respect for differences."

"Pendidikan inklusif merupakan model pendidikan terintegrasi yang sedang berkembang bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan strategi pengajaran pada guru SMA Negeri Inklusif (N=56) dan SMA Swasta Inklusif (N=57). Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik accidental sampling dengan menggunakan alat ukur The Multidimensional Attitude Toward Inclusive Education Scale (MATIES) dan Bander Classroom Structure Questionnaire (BCSQ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan strategi pengajaran pada guru di SMA negeri inklusif dan SMA swasta inklusif. Dan tidak ditemukan perbedaan sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan strategi pengajaran pada kedua kelompok. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan untuk memberikan pelatihan terkait pendidikan inklusif dan penanganan anak kebutuhan khusus bagi para guru.

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Inclusive Education is the integrated education model that develop to special education students. The aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between attitude toward inclusive education and teaching strategy of teachers in inclusive public high school (N=56) and inclusive private high school (N=57). This research uses accidental sampling technique using The Multidimensional Attitude Toward Inclusive Education Scale (MATIES) and Bander Classroom Structure Questionnaire (BCSQ).

The result of this research shows that there is a significance correlation between attitude toward inclusive education and teaching strategy of teachers in inclusive public high school and inclusive private high school. And there is no difference between attitude toward inclusive education and teaching strategy in both groups. This research recommends the training about inclusive education and handling of children with special needs for the teachers."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas psikoedukasi "AKU PEDULI" dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang anak berkebutuhan khusus dan pendidikan inklusif pada orang tua anak reguler di TK. Inklusif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian berupa pre-test and post-test design. Penelitian diikuti oleh enam orang partisipan yang merupakan ibu dari anak reguler berusia 28-34 tahun yang dipilih melalui accidental sampling. Karakteristik partisipan yakni orang tua dari anak reguler yang bersekolah di TK. Inklusif dan memiliki latar belakang pendidikan minimal tingkat SLTA. Materi psikoedukasi yang diberikan terdiri atas dua topik yakni anak berkebutuhan khusus dan pendidikan inklusif. Pengetahuan partisipan diukur menggunakan kuesioner. Data yang diperoleh, diuji menggunakan Wilcoxon signed rank test. Analisa statistik menunjukkan psikoedukasi "AKU PEDULI" tidak signifikan meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang anak berkebutuhan khusus dan pendidikan inklusif pada orang tua anak reguler di TK. Inklusif. Walaupun demikian, berdasarkan action plan yang dibuat partisipan dalam psikoedukasi "AKU PEDULI" menunjukkan adanya kesadaran orang tua anak reguler terkait keterlibatan yang dapat dilakukan orang tua anak reguler untuk menjalankan perannya di TK Inklusif. Program psikoedukasi dalam penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai intervensi oleh TK Inklusif dalam mensosialisasikan pendidikan inkluisf kepada orang tua siswa. Disarankan menggunakan metode wawancara dan observasi untuk mengukur pengetahuan partisipan sebelum dan setelah psikoedukasi.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to examine the effectiveness of psychoeducation "AKU PEDULI" in increasing knowledge about children with special needs and inclusive education for parents of regular children in Inclusive Kindergarten. This study used a quantitative method with a research design of pre-test and post-test design. The study was attended by six participants who were mothers of regular children aged 28-34 years who were selected through accidental sampling. Characteristics of participants are parents of regular children who attend Inclusive Kindergarten and have a minimum educational background at the high school level. The psychoeducation material consists of two topics, which are children with special needs and inclusive education. Participant's knowledge is measured by quastionnaire. Collected data were tested using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Statistical analysis shows psychoeducation "AKU PEDULI" did not significantly increase knowledge about children with special needs and inclusive education for parents of regular children in Inclusive Kindergarten. However, based on the action plan made by participants in psychoeducation "AKU PEDULI" shows the awareness of regular parents of children regarding the involvement that regular parents can take to carry out their roles in Inclusive Kindergarten. The psychoeducation program in this study can be used as an intervention by Inclusive Kindergarten in disseminating inclusive education to parents. It is suggested to use interview and observation methods to measure participants' knowledge before and after psychoeducation."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan strategi pengajaran guru SMA inklusif (n=70) dan SMK inklusif (n=70). Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan MATIES VI (Mahat, 2008) untuk mengukur sikap guru dan BCSQ VI (Bender, 1988) untuk mengukur strategi pengajaran yang digunakan guru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada komponen sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif antara guru SMA inklusif dan SMK inklusif. Adapun guru SMK inklusif diketahui lebih banyak menggunakan strategi pengajaran yang menunjang pendidikan inklusif dan diferensiasi strategi daripada guru SMA inklusif. Selain itu, terdapat korelasi positif yang signifikan antara komponen perilaku sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan strategi pengajaran pada guru SMA inklusif maupun SMK inklusif. Artinya, semakin positif perilaku guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif, maka semakin sering dan bervariasi strategi pengajaran yang digunakan guru. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, sekolah inklusif disarankan mengadakan pelatihan bagi guru, terutama mengenai pengajaran siswa berkebutuhan khusus.

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This study aimed to determine the correlation of teachers? attitudes towards inclusive education and teaching strategies in inclusive high school (n=70) and vocational school (n=70). This quantitative study uses MATIES VI (Mahat, 2008) to measure the attitudes and BCSQ VI (Bender, 1988) to measure the teaching strategies used by teachers.

The results showed that there was no significant difference in attitude between inclusive high school and vocational school teachers. The inclusive vocational school teachers known to use more teaching strategies that support inclusive education and differentiation strategies rather than inclusive high school teachers.

In addition, there is a significant positive correlation between behaviour component of attitudes toward inclusive education and teaching strategies in inclusive high school and vocational school teachers. That is, the more positive behaviour of teachers towards inclusive education, the more frequent teaching strategies used by teacher. Based on these results, inclusive schools are suggested to held training for teachers, especially about teaching students with special needs."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu mengenai hubungan antara sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan penerimaan teman sebaya pada peserta didik madrasah ibtidaiyah inklusif. Madrasah ibtidaiyah sendiri berfokus pada pengembangan kompetensi akhlak dan aqidah yang membedakannya dengan sekolah umum. Studi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan meminta partisipan mengisi alat ukur Peer Acceptance Scale (Mariyam, 2016) dan Multidimensional Attitudes toward Inclusive Education Scale Versi Indonesia (Sihombing, 2014) yang telah diadaptasi. Hasil pengujian korelasi menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif yang signifikan namun lemah antara kedua variabel tersebut dalam lingkup madrasah ibtidaiyah inklusif (rs(792) = .071, p = .045). Dari penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa nilai Islam yang terdapat dalam konteks madrasah dapat memberikan gambaran positif terhadap hubungan antara sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan penerimaan teman sebaya pada peserta didik.

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This study aims to find out about the relationship between teachers' attitudes towards inclusive education and peer acceptance among inclusive madrasah ibtidaiyah students. Madrasah ibtidaiyah itself focuses on developing moral and aqidah competencies that differentiate it from the public schools. The study was conducted using a quantitative method by asking participants to fill in the adapted Peer Acceptance Scale (Mariyam, 2016) and the Indonesian Version of Multidimensional Attitudes toward Inclusive Education Scale (Sihombing, 2014). The results of the correlation test showed that there was a significant but weak positive relationship between the two variables within the scope of inclusive madrasah ibtidaiyah (rs(792) = .071, p = .045). From this study, it was found that the Islamic values found in the context of madrasah can provide a positive general picture of the relationship between teacher attitudes toward inclusive education and peer acceptance among the students."

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Sikap dan strategi pengajaran pada guru di sekolah inklusif memiliki pengaruh yang positif terhadap keberhasilan pendidikan inklusif. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji hubungan antara sikap dan strategi pengajaran gruru. Sebanyak seratus guru yang mengajar di SD inklusif dijadikan sampel dalam penelitian ini.

Hasil penelitian menemukan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara sikap dan strategi pengajaran guru di SD negeri inklusif. Di sisi lain, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara sikap dan strategi pengajaran guru di SD swasta inklusif. Penelitian ini juga menemukan tidak terdapat perbedaan strategi pengajaran guru di SD negeri Inklusif dan SD swasta inklusif. Sementara itu, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada komponen kognitif dan afektif sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif antara guru SD negeri inklusif dan guru SD swasta inklusif. Saran untuk penelitian selanjutnya didiskusikan dalam penelitian ini.

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ABSTRACT

It has been argued that attitudes and teaching strategies of teachers have positive effect on the successful implementation of inclusive education. This study was set up to examine the relationship between atitudes and teaching strategies of teachers. One hundred inclusive primary school teachers were involved in this research.

The results show that there is no significant correlation between attitudes and teaching strategies of teachers working in inclusive public primary school. On the other hand, it was found that teachers’ attitudes in inclusive private primary school has a significant correlation with their teaching strategies. Furthermore, there is a significant difference on cognitive and affective components of attitudes between groups of teachers working in the two types of school.The study

reveals that there is no a significant difference on teaching strategies between these groups. Recommendations for future research are discussed in the study.

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