"[
ABSTRAKSejak 1980an, pendekatan pembangungan dipengaruhi oleh pemikiran
Neoliberalisme baik di level internasional maupun domestik. Kebijakan ekonomi
diarahkan untuk menjadi lebih terbuka, berorientasi pasar, dan mengurangi peran
negara dalam pembangunan. Dengan demikian, perekonomian diharapkan dapat
menjadi lebih efektif dan mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi. Namun, pada
praktiknya, negara-negara berkembang justru mengalami efek negatif dalam
pembangunanannya. Tulisan ini berargumen hal ini disebabkan oleh dua hal, yaitu
negara berkembang tidak mampu mengubah rezim yang ada dan kebijakan
Neoliberal digunakan untuk kepentingan negara maju. Kondisi pada level
masyarakat dengan konteks sejarah dan sosial yang berbeda membuat Neoliberal
tidak cocok diaplikasikan pada negara berkembang. Sedangkan pembangunan
sebagai bagian dari kepentingan negara maju telah menjadi nature atau sifat dasar
dari pembangunan. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini kemudian menjabarkan pandangan
lain dalam pembangunan yang ditulis oleh Amartya Sen. Pembangunan, menurut
Sen, bukan hanya sebagai pertumbuhan ekonomi, namun juga sebagai kebebasan.
Pemikiran Sen kemudian dijadikan sebagai landasan moral bagi pembangunan.
Akan tetapi, landasan moral tersebut justru menjadi justifikasi bagi pemikiran
negara maju untuk dapat menentukan arah pembangunan negara berkembang.
Menanggapi hal tersebut, tulisan ini berargumen bahwa Kearifan Lokal yang menginklusikan nilai moral lokal sebagai pertimbangan perencanaan pembangunan dapat menjadi jawaban.
ABSTRACTSince 1980s, development practices is affected by the Neoliberal approach both at
the international level and domestic level. This results in economic policies to
become more open, market oriented and minimization states? role in development.
Therefore, the economic dimensia is expected to be more effective and is expected
to boost economic growth. However, the reality is contrary from what expected
before especially for developing countries. This paper argues this has happened
due to the inability of developing countries to reshape the development practices
and that the neoliberal policies are used for the sake of the developing countries?
interest. Therefore, this paper tries to elaborates the writings by refering to
Amartya Sen. Sen defines development not only as economic development, but
also as freedom. Sen?s thought later becomes the moral justification for
development practices, however, this paper argues that, the ethics Sen mentioned
before justifies Western thought on development on developing countries. This paper completes these loopholes by focusing on the elements of Local Wisdom to be include the local moral development planning. , Since 1980s, development practices is affected by the Neoliberal approach both at
the international level and domestic level. This results in economic policies to
become more open, market oriented and minimization states’ role in development.
Therefore, the economic dimensia is expected to be more effective and is expected
to boost economic growth. However, the reality is contrary from what expected
before especially for developing countries. This paper argues this has happened
due to the inability of developing countries to reshape the development practices
and that the neoliberal policies are used for the sake of the developing countries’
interest. Therefore, this paper tries to elaborates the writings by refering to
Amartya Sen. Sen defines development not only as economic development, but
also as freedom. Sen’s thought later becomes the moral justification for
development practices, however, this paper argues that, the ethics Sen mentioned
before justifies Western thought on development on developing countries. This paper completes these loopholes by focusing on the elements of Local Wisdom to be include the local moral development planning. ]"
