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Abstrak :
Pembahasan dalam penelitian ini terkait dengan kendala dalam Undang-Undang Yayasan khususnya terhadap pengaturan itikad baik dalam kewenangan organ yayasan dan perbandingan ketentuan hukum yang terdapat dalam kasus Yayasan Teungku Fakinah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa kendala dalam Undang-Undang Yayasan yang dapat menyebabkan adanya pelanggaran itikad baik oleh organ yayasan . Metode dari penelitian ini adalah Doktrinal (yuridis-normatif) dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Undang-Undang Yayasan masih memiliki kendala khususnya yang berkaitan dengan ketentuan mengenai itikad baik dibuktikan dengan adanya kasus Yayasan Teungku Fakinah yang menyebabkan adanya perbedaan pendapat hakim dalam memutus perkara dikarekan tidak adanya pemahaman yang utuh mengenai makna itikad baik. ......The discussion in this study is related to the obstacles in the Foundation Law; especially, regards to the regulation of good faith within the authority of foundation organs and a comparison of the legal provisions contained in the case of the Teungku Fakinah Foundation. Furthermore, the aim of this study is that to analyze the obstacles in the Foundation Law which can cause violations of good faith by foundation organs. The method of this study was doctrinal (juridical-normative) with a statute and case approach. The conclusion is that the Foundation Law still has obstacles; especially, those relating to provisions regarding good faith. It was proved by the Teungku Fakinah Foundation case which caused differences of opinion among judges in deciding cases due to the lack of a complete understanding of the meaning of good faith.

Abstrak :
Tesis ini menganalisis bagaimana kriteria anggota Direksi yang telah melaksanakan pengurusan PT dengan iktikad baik dan penuh tanggung jawab, secara khusus menilai kriteria tersebut pada Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Bandung No. 94/Pdt/2015/PT/BDG. Penelitian ini merupakan yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual, kasus dan perbandingan. Tesis ini menyimpulkan, sesuai dengan peraturan dan prinsip-prinsip hukum PT di Indonesia, anggota Direksi telah melakukan pengurusan PT dengan iktikad baik jika memenuhi setidaknya 5 (lima) kriteria: kejujuran/ketulusan anggota Direksi; tidak melanggar hukum yang berlaku;bertindak sesuai dengan norma dan kewajaran dalam bisnis; memiliki kompetensi dan bertindak sesuai kompetensi Direksi; tidak ada konflik kepentingan. Adapun kriteria penuh tanggung jawab anggota Direksi jika memenuhi setidaknya 5 (lima) kriteria: menjalankan tugas dan wewenang sesuai dengan Anggaran Dasar PT; sesuai dengan hukum dan norma yang berlaku; tidak melampaui wewenang sebagai Direksi; memberikan informasi yang akuntabel kepada segenap stakeholder; terbuka dalam mengambil keputusan PT. Dalam Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Bandung No. 94/Pdt/2015/PT/BDG, pertimbangan Majelis Hakim menyatakan apabila anggota Direksi dalam pengurusan PT tidak selaras dan bertentangan dengan kewajiban hukumnya sebagaimana ditentukan dalam Pasal 92 ayat (2) UUPT No.40 Tahun 2007, maka dapat dikategorikan tidak melakukan tugasnya dengan iktikad baik, sehingga dapat dipandang dan dipersamakan telah melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum. Oleh karena itu, Putusan No. 94/Pdt/2015/PT/BDG, yang menyatakan Tn. HC, selaku anggota Direksi tidak mempunyai iktikad baik dan tidak bertanggung jawab, telah sesuai dengan ketentuan perundang-undangan dan prinsip-prinsip hukum perseroan terbatas. ......This thesis analyzes how the criteria for members of the Board of Directors who have carried out the management of PT in good faith and full responsibility, specifically assess these criteria in the Bandung High Court Decision No. 94/Pdt/2015/PT/BDG. This research is a normative juridical research with conceptual, case and comparison approaches. This thesis concludes, in accordance with the regulations and legal principles of PT in Indonesia, members of the Board of Directors have managed the PT in good faith if they meet at least 5 (five) criteria: honesty/sincerity of members of the Board of Directors; do not violate applicable laws; act in accordance with the norms and fairness in business; have competence and act in accordance with the competence of the Board of Directors; no conflict of interest. The criteria for full responsibility for members of the Board of Directors if they meet at least 5 (five) criteria: carry out their duties and authorities in accordance with the Articles of Association of PT; in accordance with applicable laws and norms; does not exceed the authority as the Board of Directors; provide accountable information to all stakeholders; open in making decisions PT. In Bandung High Court Decision No. 94/Pdt/2015/PT/BDG, the consideration of the Panel of Judges stated that if a member of the Board of Directors in managing a PT is not in line with and contrary to their legal obligations as stipulated in Article 92 paragraph (2) of the Company Law No. 40 of 2007, it can be categorized as not performing their duties properly. good faith, so that it can be seen and equated with having committed an unlawful act. Therefore, Decision No. 94/Pdt/2015/PT/BDG, which states that Mr. HC, as a member of the Board of Directors does not have good faith and is not responsible, has complied with the provisions of the legislation and the legal principles of a limited liability company.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Tesis ini meneliti dan mengkaji pembatalan perjanjian secara sepihak yang dilakukan dengan tidak berdasarkan pada itikad baik. Itikad baik adalah salah satu asas klasik dalam hukum perjanjian yang terkandung pula dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata. Asas itikad baik harus diterapkan sejak tahap prakontraktual sampai dengan pascakontraktual. Di dalam tahap prakontraktual, kedua belah pihak memiliki kewajiban untuk menjelaskan dan meneliti fakta material yang terkait dengan pembuatan perjanjian. Dalam hal suatu ketiadaan itikad baik pada tahap pembuatan perjanjian telah membawa para pihaknya dalam suatu hubungan kontraktual yang diikat dengan perjanjian, maka jelas bahwa dikemudian hari perjanjian tersebut senantiasa dapat dibatalkan. Kecakapan bertindak seseorang dalam suatu perjanjian adalah hal yang harus diteliti sebelum ditandatanganinya suatu perjanjian. Tipe penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif yaitu penelitian hukum yang mengacu kepada kaidah-kaidah atau norma-norma hukum yang terdapat dalam peraturan perundang-undangan. Pelanggaran asas itikad baik dalam tahap pembuatan perjanjian menjadi suatu hal yang sulit untuk dibuktikan, oleh karena itu dibutuhkan suatu peraturan yang tegas untuk mewajibkan pihak-pihak dalam perjanjian untuk menjelaskan dan meneliti fakta material yang terkait dengan perjanjian. Hal ini dimaksudkan agar terpenuhinya syarat sah perjanjian sebagaimana diatur dalam pasal 1320 KUHPerdata. Pemutusan perjanjian secara sepihak yang memenuhi unsur perbuatan melawan hukum diharapkan dapat menciptakan kekonsistenan hakim dalam menerapkan hukum. Hal ini agar tercipta kejelasan dan kepastian hukum bagi para pihak yang terlibat dalam suatu perjanjian agar selalu beritikad baik dalam menjalankan suatu perjanjian baik dalam tahap prakontrak, pelaksanaan kontrak maupun pascakontrak.

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ABSTRACT
This thesis examines and assesses unilateral termination of the agreement which is not based on good faith. Good faith is one of the classic principles of contract law also contained in Indonesian Civil Code. The principle of good faith should be applied since pre-contractual phase until post-contractual. In the pre-contractual phase, both parties have an obligation to explain and examine the material facts related to the making of the agreement. In the case of an absence of good faith in the pre-contractual phase has brought the party in an contractual relationship which bound to the agreement, then obviously that the agreement in the future can always be canceled. The ability of a person in an agreement is something that should be examined before signing of the agreement. This type of research is normative juridical, which refers to the rules or norms of law contained in regulations. Violation of the principle of good faith in the process of making the agreement becomes a difficult thing to prove, and therefore required a strict regulation to require the parties to the agreement to explain and examine the material facts relating to the agreement. This meant that the conditions are met the legitimate agreement as provided for in article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code. Unilateral termination of the agreement which meets the elements of the tort is expected to create the consistency of judges in applying the law. It is to create the clarity and legal certainty for the parties involved in an agreement to always have a good faith in carrying out an agreement in the pre- contract phase, contractual phase and post-contract phase.;This thesis examines and assesses unilateral termination of the agreement which is not based on good faith. Good faith is one of the classic principles of contract law also contained in Indonesian Civil Code. The principle of good faith should be applied since pre-contractual phase until post-contractual. In the pre-contractual phase, both parties have an obligation to explain and examine the material facts related to the making of the agreement. In the case of an absence of good faith in the pre-contractual phase has brought the party in an contractual relationship which bound to the agreement, then obviously that the agreement in the future can always be canceled. The ability of a person in an agreement is something that should be examined before signing of the agreement. This type of research is normative juridical, which refers to the rules or norms of law contained in regulations. Violation of the principle of good faith in the process of making the agreement becomes a difficult thing to prove, and therefore required a strict regulation to require the parties to the agreement to explain and examine the material facts relating to the agreement. This meant that the conditions are met the legitimate agreement as provided for in article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code. Unilateral termination of the agreement which meets the elements of the tort is expected to create the consistency of judges in applying the law. It is to create the clarity and legal certainty for the parties involved in an agreement to always have a good faith in carrying out an agreement in the pre- contract phase, contractual phase and post-contract phase.;This thesis examines and assesses unilateral termination of the agreement which is not based on good faith. Good faith is one of the classic principles of contract law also contained in Indonesian Civil Code. The principle of good faith should be applied since pre-contractual phase until post-contractual. In the pre-contractual phase, both parties have an obligation to explain and examine the material facts related to the making of the agreement. In the case of an absence of good faith in the pre-contractual phase has brought the party in an contractual relationship which bound to the agreement, then obviously that the agreement in the future can always be canceled. The ability of a person in an agreement is something that should be examined before signing of the agreement. This type of research is normative juridical, which refers to the rules or norms of law contained in regulations. Violation of the principle of good faith in the process of making the agreement becomes a difficult thing to prove, and therefore required a strict regulation to require the parties to the agreement to explain and examine the material facts relating to the agreement. This meant that the conditions are met the legitimate agreement as provided for in article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code. Unilateral termination of the agreement which meets the elements of the tort is expected to create the consistency of judges in applying the law. It is to create the clarity and legal certainty for the parties involved in an agreement to always have a good faith in carrying out an agreement in the pre- contract phase, contractual phase and post-contract phase.;This thesis examines and assesses unilateral termination of the agreement which is not based on good faith. Good faith is one of the classic principles of contract law also contained in Indonesian Civil Code. The principle of good faith should be applied since pre-contractual phase until post-contractual. In the pre-contractual phase, both parties have an obligation to explain and examine the material facts related to the making of the agreement. In the case of an absence of good faith in the pre-contractual phase has brought the party in an contractual relationship which bound to the agreement, then obviously that the agreement in the future can always be canceled. The ability of a person in an agreement is something that should be examined before signing of the agreement. This type of research is normative juridical, which refers to the rules or norms of law contained in regulations. Violation of the principle of good faith in the process of making the agreement becomes a difficult thing to prove, and therefore required a strict regulation to require the parties to the agreement to explain and examine the material facts relating to the agreement. This meant that the conditions are met the legitimate agreement as provided for in article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code. Unilateral termination of the agreement which meets the elements of the tort is expected to create the consistency of judges in applying the law. It is to create the clarity and legal certainty for the parties involved in an agreement to always have a good faith in carrying out an agreement in the pre- contract phase, contractual phase and post-contract phase., This thesis examines and assesses unilateral termination of the agreement which is not based on good faith. Good faith is one of the classic principles of contract law also contained in Indonesian Civil Code. The principle of good faith should be applied since pre-contractual phase until post-contractual. In the pre-contractual phase, both parties have an obligation to explain and examine the material facts related to the making of the agreement. In the case of an absence of good faith in the pre-contractual phase has brought the party in an contractual relationship which bound to the agreement, then obviously that the agreement in the future can always be canceled. The ability of a person in an agreement is something that should be examined before signing of the agreement. This type of research is normative juridical, which refers to the rules or norms of law contained in regulations. Violation of the principle of good faith in the process of making the agreement becomes a difficult thing to prove, and therefore required a strict regulation to require the parties to the agreement to explain and examine the material facts relating to the agreement. This meant that the conditions are met the legitimate agreement as provided for in article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code. Unilateral termination of the agreement which meets the elements of the tort is expected to create the consistency of judges in applying the law. It is to create the clarity and legal certainty for the parties involved in an agreement to always have a good faith in carrying out an agreement in the pre- contract phase, contractual phase and post-contract phase.]

Abstrak :
Peralihan aset berupa tanah melalui lelang merupakan penjualan barang yang sudah banyak diminati masyarakat di Indonesia. Tetapi ternyata tanah yang menjadi obyek lelang sebelumnya telah terikat Akta Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) yang telah masuk boedel Pailit dan dalam hal tersebut penjualannya dilakukan dengan lelang eksekusi. Pada dasarnya setiap pembeli termasuk pembeli lelang yang beritikad baik harus mendapatkan perlindungan hukum. Akan tetapi pada kenyataannya masih terdapat pembeli lelang yang mendapatkan gugatan atas obyek barang lelang yang dibelinya. Dalam tesis ini membahas akibat hukum terhadap peralihan aset-aset berupa tanah melalui lelang eksekusi yang terkait Boedel Pailit yang sebelumnya telah terikat Akta Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) berdasarkan KUHPerdata dan Undang-Undang Kepailitan serta perlindungan hukum bagi pembeli lelang yang beritikad baik berdasarkan pertimbangan hukum para hakim dalam putusan Mahkamah Agung RI Tingkat PK Nomor: 43 PK/PDT/2011. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis-normatif yang dilakukan dengan studi dokumen dan tipologi eksplanatoris dan preskriptif. Kesimpulannya terhadap aset-aset tersebut berdasarkan Pasal 34 Undang-Undang Kepailitan, tidak dapat lagi bahkan dilarang ditindaklanjuti menjadi akta jual beli dan berdasarkan Pasal 185 Undang-Undang Kepailitan bahwa tahapan penjualan boedel pailit harus melalui lelang sedangkan mengenai perlindungan terhadap pembeli lelang yang beritikad baik peralihan hak melalui pelelangan sudah sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum dan tidak bisa dibatalkan dan segala akibat hukum yang timbul daripadanya tersebut sah menurut hukum. Sehingga atas dasar itu telah diterbitkanlah Risalah Lelang sebagai alat bukti pemindahan hak yang kuat sebagaimana dinyatakan dalam Pasal 41 PP No. 24 Tahun 1997.

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The transition of land assets through an auction sale of goods which have attracted many people in Indonesia. But it turned out to be the object of an auction of land previously been tied Deed of Sale and Purchase Agreement (PPJB) which has entered boedel Bankrupt and in terms of the sales made by the auction execution.Basically each buyer including auction buyers with good intention should get legal protection. But in fact there are buyers bidding to get the suit on the object bought auction goods. In this thesis discusses the legal consequences of the transfer of assets such as land through auctions related execution Boedel Bankrupt previously been bound Deed of Sale and Purchase Agreement (PPJB) based on the Civil Code and the Bankruptcy Act and legal protection for good faith purchasers auction under consideration law judges in the Supreme Court ruling PK Levels No. 43 PK / PDT / 2011. Research methodology that is used is normative juridical, with library research technique, and eksplanatoris and preskriptif research type. In conclusion to these assets is based on Article 34 of the Bankruptcy Act, can no longer even be banned actionable deed of sale and on the basis of Article 185 Bankruptcy Act that stage boedel sales must go through a bankruptcy auction, while the protection of good faith purchaser auction switchover right through auction is in conformity with the provisions of the law and can not be canceled and all legal consequences arising therefrom is lawful. So on that basis has published Minutes of the Auction as evidence a strong transfer of rights as stated in Article 41 of Regulation No. 24 of 1997.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Tesis ini membahas mengenai bagaimana seorang pembeli tanah selaku pemegang hak atas tanah yang baru dapat dilindungi haknya dari adanya gugatan yang ditujukan kepadanya dengan mempertimbangkan adanya iktikad baik pembeli dalam jual beli tersebut. Bentuk penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif dan tipe penelitian adalah deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa iktikad baik dalam jual beli tanah dilihat dari telah sesuainya atau telah terpenuhinya ketentuan yang berlaku yang mengatur mengenai jual beli serta terpenuhinya syarat sahnya jual beli. Jika semua telah terpenuhi maka hal tersebut menjadi dasar bagi hakim untuk mempertimbangkan bahwa pembeli tersebut beriktikad baik sehingga harus dilindungi. Ada atau tidaknya iktikad baik tergantung dari bagaimana kasus itu sendiri, untuk kemudian hakim pertimbangkan dan putuskan apakah jual beli telah memenuhi ketentuan dan syarat sahnya jual beli ataukah tidak.

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ABSTRACT
This thesis describes how the good faith purchaser will be protected from claim addressed to her. Research method used in this thesis is a normative juridical research and the type of this research is descriptive. The research concludes that the principle of good faith in land sales are considered by fulfillment of the applicable regulations about sale and purchase of land and requirements of sale and purchase. If all regulations and requirements have been fulfilled, then the good faith purchaser must be protected. Good faith depends on how the case itself, whereupon the judge will consider and decide whether sale process has fulfilled regulations and terms or not., This thesis describes how the good faith purchaser will be protected from claim addressed to her. Research method used in this thesis is a normative juridical research and the type of this research is descriptive. The research concludes that the principle of good faith in land sales are considered by fulfillment of the applicable regulations about sale and purchase of land and requirements of sale and purchase. If all regulations and requirements have been fulfilled, then the good faith purchaser must be protected. Good faith depends on how the case itself, whereupon the judge will consider and decide whether sale process has fulfilled regulations and terms or not.]

Abstrak :
Perjanjian kredit dibuat harus berlandaskan pada itikad baik dari para pihak sehingga perjanjian dapat dilindungi oleh hukum. Dalam pelaksanaan suatu perjanjian kredit tidak selalu berjalan lancar dan tidak jarang para pihak melakukan pembaharuan perjanjian dan terdapat kreditor lain yang mengajukan debitor pailit. Ini timbul menjadi suatu permasalahan baru berkaitan dengan perjanjian pembaharuan yang telah mendapat putusan actio pauliana akibat debitor pailit namun tidak dilaksanakan. Penelitian ini akan membahas dari segi asas itikad baik serta toeri keadilan yang dikemukan oleh John Rawls dan Aristoteles. Metode penulisan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian normatif. Analisis yang dilakukan yaitu Terdapatnya suatu perjanjian pembaharuan yang dibuat oleh para pihak yang mana berangkat dari hal yang tidak beritikad baik sebab sudah jelas bahwa debitor sudah tidak mampu melaksanakan kewajibannya dan untuk menghindari tanggung jawab hukum, maka dilakukan pengalihan kepada pihak ketiga. Perikatan yang timbul antara pihak ketiga dengan debitor dilandaskan dengan tindakan tidak beritikad baik yang membuat pihak ketiga tidak terlindungi oleh hukum meskipun unsur-unsur perjanjian telah dipenuhi dalam suatu perjanjian pembaharuan yang dibuat. Upaya kurator untuk membatalkan perjanjian pembaharuan yaitu dengan cara mengajukan gugatan actio pauliana. Perlakuan itikad baik dari para pihak dalam hal perjanjian pembaharuan yang telah dibatalkan oleh gugatan actio pauliana bergantung pada kondisinya masing-masing. Keadilan distributif akan muncul pada saat para pihak, terutama debitor, pihak ketiga, kurator serta kreditor mendapatkan pemenuhan atas hak dan kewajibannya yang diperoleh sesuai dengan porsinya masing-masing yang telah ditentukan, tanpa adanya kekurangan atau kelebihan, meskipun beberapa hal dalam ketentuan hukum Indonesia masih belum terdapat pengaturannya baik secara implisist maupun eksplisit. Contohnya yaitu pihak ketiga yang tidak dapat melakukan pendaftaran piutangnya karena tidak adanya itikad baik dalam pembuatan suatu perjanjian yang pengaturannya tidak sama dengan Amerika Serikat. Pihak ketiga masih diberi kesempatan untuk mendaftarkan piutangnya dengan bantuan debitor. ......Credit agreement must be based on the good faith of the parties so that it can be protected by law. In the implementation it does not always run smoothly and is not uncommon for parties to renew the agreement with other creditor to avoid bankruptcy. This creates a problem related to the renewal agreement that cannot be implemented because of actio pauliana decision. This research will discuss in terms of the principle of good faith and the theory of justice by John Rawls and Aristotle. The writing method used in this research is normative. The analysis carried out is by seeing a renewal agreement made by the parties which departs not from good faith because it is clear that the debtor is unable to carry out his obligations and avoiding legal responsibility, a transfer is made to a third party. The agreement that is based on an act of bad faith which makes the third party unprotected by law even though the elements of the agreement have been fulfilled in a renewal agreement made. Curator's attempt to cancel the renewal agreement was by filing an actio pauliana lawsuit. The good faith treatment of the parties in the case of a renewal agreement that has been canceled by actio pauliana's lawsuit depends on their respective conditions. Distributive justice will emerge when the parties, especially debtors, third parties, curators and creditors, may obtain fulfilment of their rights and obligations in their respective portion, although some matters in the provisions of Indonesian law are still there is no regulation either implicitly or explicitly. An example is a third party that cannot register its receivables because there is no good faith in making an agreement whose arrangements are not the same as the United States. Third parties are still given the opportunity to register their receivables with the help of debtors.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana kriteria anggota Direksi yang telah melaksanakan pengurusan PT dengan iktikad baik dan penuh tanggung jawab. Penelitian merupakan yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual, kasus dan perbandingan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan, sesuai dengan peraturan dan prinsip-prinsip hukum PT di Indonesia, anggota Direksi telah melakukan pengurusan PT dengan iktikad baik jika memenuhi 5 (lima) kriteria, yaitu: kejujuran/ketulusan anggota Direksi; tidak melanggar hukum yang berlaku; bertindak sesuai norma dan kewajaran dalam bisnis; memiliki kompetensi sebagai Direksi dan bertindak sesuai kompetensi tersebut; tidak ada konflik kepentingan. Adapun kriteria penuh tanggung jawab anggota Direksi jika memenuhi 4 (empat) kriteria, yaitu: menjalankan tugas dan wewenang sesuai Anggaran Dasar PT dan hukum yang berlaku; tidak melampaui wewenang; memberikan informasi yang akuntabel kepada segenap stakeholder; terbuka dalam mengambil keputusan PT. Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Bandung No.94/PDT/2015/PT.BDG yang menyatakan Direksi tidak mempunyai iktikad baik dan tidak bertanggung jawab, telah sesuai dengan peraturan dan prinsip-prinsip hukum PT. Hakim dalam pertimbangannya menilai Direksi tidak memenuhi kriteria menjalankan pengurusan dengan iktikad baik dan penuh tanggung jawab. ......This study analyzes the criteria for members of the Board of Directors who have carried out the management of PT with good faith and full responsibility. The research is a normative juridical approach with a conceptual, case and comparison approach. This study concludes, in accordance with the regulations and legal principles of PT in Indonesia, members of the Board of Directors have managed the PT in good faith if they meet 5 (five) criteria, namely: honesty/sincerity of members of the Board of Directors; does not violate applicable laws; act according to the norms and fairness in business; have competence as a member of the Board of Directors and act according to that competence; no conflict of interest. The criteria for full responsibility for members of the Board of Directors if they meet 4 (four) criteria, namely: carrying out their duties and authorities in accordance with the Articles of Association of PT and applicable law; not exceed authority; provide accountable information to all stakeholders; open in making decisions PT. The decision of the Bandung High Court No.94/PDT/2015/PT.BDG which states that the Board of Directors does not have good faith and is not responsible, is in accordance with the regulations and legal principles of PT. The judge in his judgment considered that the Board of Directors did not meet the criteria for carrying out management in good faith and full of responsibility.

Abstrak :
Fokus dari penelitian ini adalah berkaitan dengan tanah yang berstatus bekas hak barat (dalam hal ini tanah eigendom) yang dimohonkan haknya melalui jual beli. Berdasarkan ketentuan di dalam Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Republik Indonesia Nomor 2/PMK.06/2020 tentang Penyelesaian Aset Bekas Milik Asing/Tionghoa terhadap tanah- tanah yang harus diselesaikan terlebih dahulu status hukum menjadi barang milik negara atau daerah maka selanjutnya hak atas tanah dapat dipindahkan kepada pihak ketiga melalui jual beli yang dilakukan di hadapan pejabat pembuat akta tanah. Pembuatan akta jual beli yang telah dilangsungkan sesuai dengan prosedur berdasarkan ketentuan undang-undang mempunyai kekuatan pembuktian yang sempurna, melekat kepada pihak pembeli. Apabila di kemudian hari terjadi sengketa atas tanah tersebut maka pihak pembeli dapat dinyatakan sebagai beritikad baik karena tidak mengetahui adanya cacat terhadap objek yang dimilikinya. Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini ialah tentang mekanisme yang harus ditempuh untuk memperoleh tanah yang masih berstatus aset bekas milik asing/tionghoa berdasarkan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia. Selain itu juga perlindungan hukum bagi pembeli beritikad baik yang mengajukan permohonan hak melalui jual beli tanah di hadapan pejabat pembuat akta tanah. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut digunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif di mana data dikumpulkan melalui studi pustaka (studi dokumen) dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Dari penelitian ini dapat dinyatakan bahwa untuk menjamin kepastian hukum seharusnya penerapan prinsip kehati- hatian oleh suatu anggota instansi pemerintahan sangat diperlukan. Di samping itu, dibutuhkan pula adanya kerjasama antar instansi pemerintahanyang satu dengan lainnya agar tidak menyebabkan kerugian bagi pembeli tanah yang sudahmelakukan jual beli sesuai dengan ketentuan perundang-undangan yang berlaku di Indonesia. ......The focus of this research is related to land with former western rights status (in this case eigendom land) whose rights are applied for through buying and selling. Provisions in the Regulation of the Minister of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2/PMK.06/2020 concerning Settlement of Foreign/Chinese-Owned Former Assets on land that must be resolved first with legal status becoming state property, then land rights can be transferred to third parties through a sale and purchase agreement. carried out before the official making the land deed. The making of the sale and purchase deed that has been carried out in accordance with the procedures based on the provisions of the law has perfect evidentiary power, in accordance with the buyer. If later there is a dispute over theland, the buyer can be declared as having good faith because he is not aware of any defects in the desired object. The problem raised in this research is about the mechanism that must be achieved to obtain land that is still a foreign-owned asset based on the legal provisions in force in Indonesia. In addition, there is also legal protection for buyers with good intentions who submit applications through the sale and purchase of land in the presence of land certificate officials. To answer these problems, a normative juridical research method was used in which data were collected through literature study and analyzed qualitatively. From this research, it can be stated that to ensure legal certainty, the application of the precautionary principle by a member of a government agency is very necessary. In addition, there is also a need for cooperation between government agencies with one another so as not to cause harm to land buyers who have made salesand purchases in accordance with the provisions of the laws and regulations in force in Indonesia.

Abstrak :
Asas itikad baik dalam perjanjian jual beli merupakan faktor yang sangat penting, sehingga pembeli yang beritikad baik akan mendapat perlindungan hukum secara wajar menurut peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, perlindungan disini pun diperlukan ketika obyek jual beli tersebut dijadikan jaminan pelunasan kredit dengan dibebani hak tanggungan oleh pihak penjual kepada kreditor. Berdasarkan atas ciri-ciri hak tanggungan, maka diperlukan perlindungan yang seimbang, karena hukum bukan hanya memperhatikan kepentingan kreditor. Perlindungan juga diberikan kepada debitor dan pemberi hak tanggungan, bahkan juga kepada pihak ketiga yang kepentingannya bisa terpengaruh oleh cara penyelesaian utang-piutang kreditor dan debitor. Pihak ketiga itu khususnya para kreditor yang lain dan pihak yang membeli obyek hak tanggungan. Penelitian ini dianalisis secara deskriptif analitis dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Itikad baik dalam perjanjian jual beli merupakan asas yang sangat penting dan pihak-pihak yang beritikad baik harus dilindungi. Dari hasil analisa penelitian ini, ternyata pembeli yang beritikad baik masih kurang mendapat perlindungan hukum. ......The principle of good faith in the purchase agreement is a very important factor, so the buyer is acting in good faith, will receive equal legal protection in accordance with the legislation in force, the protection is needed here, even when the object is to serve as collateral for the purchase and sale of credit with a mortgage taxed by the seller to the creditors. Based on the characteristics of the mortgage, would require a balanced protection, because the law is not only the interests of creditors. Protection is also given to the debtor and of their mortgages, even to third parties whose interests may be affected by the method of payment of the debts of debtors and creditors. The third was particularly creditors and other interested parties who bought the rights of the dependent objects. This study descriptively analyzed analytically using a normative juridical approach. Good faith in the purchase agreement is a very important principle and parties acting in good faith should be protected. From the analysis of this research, it turns out good faith purchaser still receives less legal protection.

Abstrak :
Di Indonesia asas iktikad baik diatur dalam Pasal 1338 ayat (3) KUH Perdata. Iktikad baik yang diatur dalam ketentuan tersebut terbatas hanya meliputi tahap pelaksanaan perjanjian saja. Berbeda dengan Indonesia, beberapa negara penganut sistem civil law telah mengakui iktikad baik pada tahap negosiasi atau pra-kontrak, sehingga janji-janji pra-kontrak diakui dan jika dilanggar menimbulkan akibat hukum. Karena belum ada perjanjian yang mengikat maka gugatan yang diajukan untuk memperoleh ganti rugi dianggap sebagai Perbuatan Melawan Hukum (PMH). Dengan konsep yang sama, di dalam sistem common law khususnya di Amerika Serikat, muncul doktrin promissory estoppel yang berakibat bahwa meskipun belum ada consideration namun janji-janji dapat mengikat. Adapun yang menjadi tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan asas iktikad baik pada tahap pra-kontrak di Indonesia melalui putusan pengadilan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bersifat yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statue approach), perbandingan (comparative approach) dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Dalam penelitian ini diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa sampai saat ini belum ada pengaturan yang khusus mengatur penerapan asas iktikad baik pada tahap pra-kontrak. Namun demikian, berdasarkan putusan-putusan di pengadilan negeri yang dianalisis pada penelitian ini diketahui bahwa Hakim telah mengakui adanya keharusan beriktikad baik pada tahap pra-kontrak oleh para pihak. ......In Indonesia, good faith principle set in article 1338 subsection (3) on the Indonesian Civil Code. The implementation of good faith principle set out from this article is limited only to the contractual phase. In contrast to Indonesia, some civil law countries have recognized the principle of good faith on the phase of negotiations or pre-contractual phase, so the promises of the pre-contract is recognized and lead to legal consequences if its broken. Since there is no binding agreement on the pre-contractual phase, therefore to the injured party in this phase can sue for reliance damages based on tort. Based on the same concept, in the common law system, particularly in US the promissory estoppel doctrine has the effect of making some kinds of promise binding even where they are not supported by consideration. This research aims to determine how the implementation of good faith principle on the pre-contractual phase in Indonesia through court orders. It is a judicial-normative research, with statute, case and comparative approach. In this research, author concluded that til nowadays there is no regulation that specifically regulates the application of good faith principle on the pre-contractual phase. Moreover, based on court orders which analyzed in this research, note that the Judge has recognizes the necessity of good faith at the pre-contractual phase by the parties. ;In Indonesia, good faith principle set in article 1338 subsection (3) on the Indonesian Civil Code. The implementation of good faith principle set out from this article is limited only to the contractual phase. In contrast to Indonesia, some civil law countries have recognized the principle of good faith on the phase of negotiations or pre-contractual phase, so the promises of the pre-contract is recognized and lead to legal consequences if its broken. Since there is no binding agreement on the pre-contractual phase, therefore to the injured party in this phase can sue for reliance damages based on tort. Based on the same concept, in the common law system, particularly in US the promissory estoppel doctrine has the effect of making some kinds of promise binding even where they are not supported by consideration. This research aims to determine how the implementation of good faith principle on the pre-contractual phase in Indonesia through court orders. It is a judicial-normative research, with statute, case and comparative approach. In this research, author concluded that til nowadays there is no regulation that specifically regulates the application of good faith principle on the pre-contractual phase. Moreover, based on court orders which analyzed in this research, note that the Judge has recognizes the necessity of good faith at the pre-contractual phase by the parties.