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Abstrak :
Metabolit sekunder pada tanaman memiliki peran penting dalam sintesis nanopartikel. Senyawa yang terkandung pada tanaman dapat menggantikan peran dari stabilizersdan sumber basa dari bahan kimia berbahaya dan beracun, salah satu yang memiliki potensi, yaitu tanaman adas Foeniculum vulgare . Pada bagian batang dari tanaman adas, mengadung senyawa alkaloid yang digunakan sebagai sumber basa untuk sintesis logam oksida. Pada penelitian ini sintesis nanopartikel besi dan vanadium dalam bentuk oksida FeVO4 menggunakan ekstrak batang tanaman adas. Hasil sintesis nanopartikel FeVO4 dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Visible, spektrofotometer Fourier Transform Infra Red FTIR , Transmission Electron Microscopy TEM , Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray SEM-EDX , X-ray Diffraction XRD , dan Particle Size Analyzer PSA . Kemudian nanopartikel FeVO4dilakukan pengujian kinerja katalis dalam reaksi reduksi 4-nitrofenol. Hasil analisis serapan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, nanopartikel FeVO4memberikan serapan maksimum pada panjang gelombong 441 nm. Karakterisasi spektofotometer FTIR menunjukkan adanya vibrasi logam dengan oksigen pada daerah fingerprint. Pada bilangan gelombang 920-991 cm-1 menunjukkan adanya vibrasi V-O, sedangkan pada 680-890 cm-1 merupakan vibrasi dari V-O-Fe, dan pada kisaran 520 cm-1 menunjukkan adanya vibrasi deformasi V-O-V yang bercampur dengan moderegangan Fe-O. Pola XRD dari FeVO4 menunjukkan puncak difraksi 2theta di 27,64o dan 28,66o dengan struktur kristal anorthic dan space group P-1. Hasil ukuran partikel FeVO4 dengan menggunakan PSA memberikan ukuran sebesar 45 nm. Kinerja katalis nanopartikel FeVO4 terhadap reaksi reduksi 4-nitrofenol dengan pereduktor NaBH4 menunjukkan bahwa persen reduksi dengan berat optimum katalis 5,0 mg pada 20,0x10-5 M 4-nitrofenol sebesar 84,22 4-nitrofenol selama 50 menit. Nilai konstanta laju dari reaksi reduksi 4-nitrofenol sebesar 5,71x10-2 menit-1. ......Secondary metabolites in plants have an important role in nanoparticle synthesis. The compounds contained in the plant can replace the role of stabilizers and bases sources of hazardous and toxic chemicals, one of which has the potential is the fennel plant Foeniculum vulgare . In the fennel plant stems are containing alkaloid compound, it used as the base source for the synthesis of metal oxide. In this research, synthesis of iron vanadate nanoparticles FeVO4 NPs using extract of fennel plant stems. Synthesis of FeVO4 NPs was analyzed using UV Visible spectrophotometer, Fourier Transform Infra Red FTIR spectrophotometer, Transmission Electron Microscopy TEM , Scanning Electron Microscope Energy Dispersive X Ray SEM EDX , X ray Diffraction XRD and Particle Size Analyzer PSA . Then FeVO4NPs were used for catalyst performance in a reduction reaction of 4 nitrophenol.The results show absorbance analysis of UV Vis spectrophotometer, FeVO4 NPs gave maximum absorbance at 441 nm. Characterization of FTIR spectrophotometer shows the presence of metal oxygen vibrations in the fingerprint region. In the wavenumber of 920 991 cm 1are indicating the presence of vibration V O, while at 680 890 cm 1 is a vibration of V O Fe, and in the range of 520 cm 1 shows the vibration of deformation V O V mixed with Fe O stretching mode. The XRD pattern of FeVO4 NPs shows diffraction peaks 2theta at 27.64o and 28.66o with the anorthic crystal structure and the P 1 space group. The result of FeVO4 particle size using PSA gives a size of 45 nm.The catalyst activity of FeVO4 nanoparticles in the 4 nitrophenol reduction reaction with the NaBH4 reductor agent showed that the percent reduction with the optimum weight of 5.0 mg catalyst at 20.0x10 5 M 4 nitrophenol was 84.22 for 50 minutes. The rate constant value of reduction reaction of 4 nitrophenol was 5.71x10 2min 1.

Abstrak :
Hasil sintesis senyawa nanopartikel ZnO, nanopartikel CuCo2O4 dan nanokomposit ZnO/CuCo2O4 melalui metode Fitosintesis menggunakan ekstrak daun sukun (Artocarpus altilis) (EDS) berhasil dilakukan untuk pertama kalinya. Nanokomposit ZnO/CuCo2O4 memiliki morfologi spherical dengan ukuran partikel 14.87 ± 6.40 nm serta efek sinergis antara ZnO dan CuCo2O4 pada sifat adsobsi dan aktivitas fotokatalitik yang meningkatkan degradasi malachite green (MG) di bawah radiasi tampak dengan efisiensi 93,01% selama 120 menit. Berdasarkan perhitungan pemodelan kinetik, fotodegradasi malachite green dengan ZnO/CuCo2O4 adalah pseudo orde dua dengan konstanta laju 2.14 x 104 mol-1/min-1 . Hal ini disebabkan oleh penurunan nilai energi celah pita ke daerah cahaya tampak menjadi 2.84 eV akibat kekosongan oksigen yang tinggi dan transfer elektron dari permukaan ZnO ke permukaan CuCo2O4. ......The results of the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles, CuCo2O4 nanoparticles and ZnO/CuCo2O4 nanocomposites through the phytosynthesis method using breadfruit leaf extract (Artocarpus altilis) were successfully carried out for the first time. The ZnO/CuCo2O4 nanocomposite has a spherical morphology with a particle size of 14.87 ± 6.40 nm and a synergistic effect between ZnO and CuCo2O4 on the adsorption properties and photocatalytic activity which increases the degradation of malachite green (MG) under visible radiation with an efficiency of 93.01% during 120 minutes. Based on kinetic modeling, photodegradation of malachite green with ZnO/CuCo2O4 was pseudo second order with a constant rate of 2.14 x 104 mol-1/min-1 . This is caused by a decrease in the band gap energy to the visible light region of 2.84 eV due to high oxygen and electron transfer from the ZnO surface to the CuCo2O4 surface.

Abstrak :
[ ABSTRAK
Keji Beling (Strobilanthes crispus) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai antihiperkolesterolemia dengan senyawa aktif fitosterol. Pembuatan nanopartikel keji beling sebagai penghantar obat dilakukan untuk mencapai efektivitas obat menuju organ target. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan gambaran profil pelepasan nanopartikel keji beling pada media fluida sintetik dengan variasi konsentrasi penyalutnya serta pengujian inhibisi ekstrak keji beling dalam menghambat enzim HMG KoA Reduktase. Penelitian terdiri atas 4 tahap yaitu ekstraksi keji beling, pembuatan nanopartikel, uji profil pelepasan serta uji inhibisi enzim HMG koA Reduktase. Penelitian ini menghasilkan nanopartikel dengan efisiensi penyalut terbesar(94,64%) pada Kitosan 1% : STPP 1%, dan loading capacity terbesar (31,28%) diperoleh pada variasi Kitosan 1% :1,5%. Profil pelepasan dengan karakter penyalut yang resisten pada kondisi lambung diperoleh oleh variasi Kitosan 1%:1,5%. Determinasi analitis secara FTIR membuktikan bahwa ekstrak telah tersalut dalam penyalutnya yang dibuktikan dengan adanya gugus alkohol. Morfologi FESEM dengan ukuran partikel terkecil diperoleh pada variasi kitosan 1%: STPP 1% dengan ukuran terkecil 132 nm. Penurunan kadar kolesterol oleh daun keji beling terjadi melalui penghambatan enzim HMG KoA Reduktase. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa ekstrak keji beling mampu berperan sebagai inhibitor dalam menghambat enzim HMG-KoA dengan persentase inhibisi 15%-17,8%.

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ABSTRACT Nasty Shard (Strobilanthes crispus) is one of herbs that utilized as antihypercholesterolemia with phytosterol as active compound. Producing nanoparticle of nasty shard as drug delivery is to obtain efectiveness drug to released target. This research was design to obtain released profile assay of nasty shard nanoparticle in simulated digestive fluid with concentration variation of nanoparticle and inhibition assay of nasty shard extract to inhibit HMG CoA Reductase.This resarch consist of 4 stages those are extraction of nasty shard leaves, nanoparticle designed, release profile assay and inhibition assay of HMG CoA Reductase. This research produce nanoparticle with highest encapsulation efficiency (94,64%) obtained by chitosan concentration 1% and STPP 1%, while the highest loading capacity (31,28%) was obtained by chitosan concentration 1% and STPP 1,5%. Released profile assay show nanoparticle characteristic which resistant in gastric condition with chitosan consentration 1% and STPP 1,5%. FTIR analysis show extract has encapsulated by alcohol group. Morphology by FESEM of smallest particle sized (132 nm) Obtained by chitosan concentartion 1% and STPP 1,5%. The decreasing of cholesterol by extract through inhibit HMG CoA Reductace. This research shown nasty shard leaves extract is capabable of acting as inhibitor of HMG CoA Reductase enzime with percentage inhibition from15%-17,8% ;Nasty Shard (Strobilanthes crispus) is one of herbs that utilized as antihypercholesterolemia with phytosterol as active compound. Producing nanoparticle of nasty shard as drug delivery is to obtain efectiveness drug to released target. This research was design to obtain released profile assay of nasty shard nanoparticle in simulated digestive fluid with concentration variation of nanoparticle and inhibition assay of nasty shard extract to inhibit HMG CoA Reductase.This resarch consist of 4 stages those are extraction of nasty shard leaves, nanoparticle designed, release profile assay and inhibition assay of HMG CoA Reductase. This research produce nanoparticle with highest encapsulation efficiency (94,64%) obtained by chitosan concentration 1% and STPP 1%, while the highest loading capacity (31,28%) was obtained by chitosan concentration 1% and STPP 1,5%. Released profile assay show nanoparticle characteristic which resistant in gastric condition with chitosan consentration 1% and STPP 1,5%. FTIR analysis show extract has encapsulated by alcohol group. Morphology by FESEM of smallest particle sized (132 nm) Obtained by chitosan concentartion 1% and STPP 1,5%. The decreasing of cholesterol by extract through inhibit HMG CoA Reductace. This research shown nasty shard leaves extract is capabable of acting as inhibitor of HMG CoA Reductase enzime with percentage inhibition from15%-17,8% , Nasty Shard (Strobilanthes crispus) is one of herbs that utilized as antihypercholesterolemia with phytosterol as active compound. Producing nanoparticle of nasty shard as drug delivery is to obtain efectiveness drug to released target. This research was design to obtain released profile assay of nasty shard nanoparticle in simulated digestive fluid with concentration variation of nanoparticle and inhibition assay of nasty shard extract to inhibit HMG CoA Reductase.This resarch consist of 4 stages those are extraction of nasty shard leaves, nanoparticle designed, release profile assay and inhibition assay of HMG CoA Reductase. This research produce nanoparticle with highest encapsulation efficiency (94,64%) obtained by chitosan concentration 1% and STPP 1%, while the highest loading capacity (31,28%) was obtained by chitosan concentration 1% and STPP 1,5%. Released profile assay show nanoparticle characteristic which resistant in gastric condition with chitosan consentration 1% and STPP 1,5%. FTIR analysis show extract has encapsulated by alcohol group. Morphology by FESEM of smallest particle sized (132 nm) Obtained by chitosan concentartion 1% and STPP 1,5%. The decreasing of cholesterol by extract through inhibit HMG CoA Reductace. This research shown nasty shard leaves extract is capabable of acting as inhibitor of HMG CoA Reductase enzime with percentage inhibition from15%-17,8% ]