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Abstrak :
Legal studies on e-commerce transaction by normative juridical approach and by the used of primary and secondary legal material have found that firstly, law prevailing on the transaction refers basically to a choice of law agreed by parties or, secondly, if it is not, the choice of law may refer to a point-link which addresses to an extraordinary achievement of parti which trully having characteristic as Rome Convention. The Act of Information and Electronic Transaction No. 11 year 2008 stated that if parties do not make choice of law in International Electronic Transaction then the applicable law shall be referred to Private International Law. However, the e-commerce transaction is across border, the question is: whether the principles of Private International Law shall be applicable into national law system of any state without the need of harmonization to the related national law system?

Abstrak :
Teknologi informasi dan komunikasi saat ini terus berkembang dari waktu ke waktu. Internet merupakan hasil dari perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi yang memungkinkan pengiriman data informasi dilakukan dengan lebih cepat dan elisien. E-commerce merupakan suatu bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi tersebut. E-commerce merupakan suatu transaksi perdagangan yang mempunyai kesamaan dengan transaksi konvensional. hanya media yang digunakan untuk transaksi tersebut berbeda. Penghasilan atas transaksi E-commerce merupakan penghasilan usaha seperti penghasilan atas transaksi konvensional. Karakterisasi penghasilan atas E-commerce merupakan suatu hal yang sangat penting untuk menentukan sistem dan prosedur pemajakan serta hak pemajakan atas penghasilan tersebut. Penghasilan atas E-commerce dapat dikategorikan kedalam empat kategori yaitu penghasilan atas penjualan barang, penghasilan Royalti, penghasilan Jasa dan penghasilan Sewa. Sistem dan prosedur pemajakan atas masing-masing jenis penghasilan berbeda satu dengan lainnya. Pemajakan atas penghasilan Royalti dan jasa dan Sewa dipotong secara Withholding. Sedangkan penghasilan atas penjualan barang tidak dipotong secara withholding. Untuk penghasilan atas Royalti, Jasa serta Sewa Negara sumber mempunyai hak untuk memajaki, sedangkan atas penghasilan dari penjualan barang Negara sumber tidak mempunyai hak, kecuali ada Bentuk Usaha Tetap. Penelitian ini menggunakan nnetodologi dengan pendekatan deskriptif analisis dan meng gunakan data sekunder. Melalui penelitian ini diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa faktor penentu untuk mengkategorikan penghasilan atas E-commerce dapat dilihat dari ciri-ciri transaksi yang dilakukan. Ciri-ciri dari suatu transaksi yang dikategorikan sebagai penjualan barang Royalti. Pemberian Jasa dan Sewa berbeda satu sama lain. Dengan mengetahui ciri-ciri dari suatu transaksi maka penghasilan atas transaksi tersebut dapat dikategorikan. Pemajakan penghasilan atas transaksi E-commerce di dalam negeri masih menggunakan peraturan yang ada seperti pemajakan atas laba usaha, penghasilan Royalti, penghasilan Jasa dan penghasilan sewa. Untuk Wajib Pajak Luar Negeri dikenakan sesuai dengan peraturan domestik dan peraturan Tax Treaty yang telah dibuat.

Abstrak :
The development of information technology has altered the way companies run their business. Internet has brought the world economy into new chapter which is popularly known as digital economics. International trade has shifted from conventional method to more rely on electronic commerce. Through the Internet media, business activities can be conducted from long distance and not requiring physical attendance which can reach all over the world. This condition has brought about problems for taxation authorities with regard to taxation on income from e-commerce business activities. Whether the concept of current permanent establishment (BUT) can accommodate e-commerce transaction, whether the rule of force-of-attraction can still accommodate the taxation on e-commerce transaction, whether the principle of separate entity and arm's length is still relevant in determining the amount of the business profit from e-commerce transaction. By studying the aspect of International taxation on the imposition of income tax on business profit issued by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), and subsequently by analyzing Indonesian domestic provisions and conducting a comparative study on the US Internal Revenue Code, and also the provisions of the Agreement on Double Taxation Evasion between Indonesia and The USA, the conclusion can be drawn that the provisions of Law Number 7 Year 1983 on Income Tax as have been amended lastly by virtue of Law Number 17 Year 2000 have not fully accommodated the imposition of income tax on the business profit of e-commerce transaction. The Concept of permanent establishment (BUT) has not accommodated of e-commerce transactions which in reality do not require any fixed place of business, physical location, employees or personnel to run business activities and agencies. The rule of force-of-attraction has not been able to earn any revenues from Indonesian source obtained by the web server operated outside Indonesia or in the country of the domicile of the head office. The principle of separate entity and arm's length should be adjusted to facilitate the calculation of the business profit obtained by each web server. Based on the foregoing conclusion it is recommended that changes and adjustment be made to the provisions of international taxation in Law Number 7 Year 1983 on Income Tax as have been amended lastly by virtue of Law Number 17 Year 2000 on income tax from business profit so that it can accommodate imposition of tax on the business profit of e-commerce transaction.

Abstrak :
Payment Gateway merupakan layanan elektronik yang melakukan pemrosesan transaksi pembayaran yang dilakukan secara online dan/atau melalui platform E-Commerce. Penyelenggaraan Payment Gateway dilakukan oleh salah satu Penyelenggara Jasa Sistem Pembayaran (PJSP), yakni Penyelenggara Payment Gateway yang berupa bank atau lembaga selain bank. Penyelenggara Payment Gateway memiliki fungsi unntuk menyediakan jasa sistem pembayaran, serta mendukung kelancaran transaksi pembayaran antara konsumen dan pedagang yang melakukan transaksi pada platform E-Commerce. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, Penyelenggara Payment Gateway memiliki peran dan tanggung jawab yang harus dipenuhi dalam mendukung kelancaran dan keamanan sistem pembayaran dalam transaksi E-Commerce. Untuk melakukan pemrosesan transaksi pembayaran, Payment Gateway juga berhubungan dengan acquirer dan issuer. Payment Gateway merupakan front-end provider yang memiliki kewajiban untuk menerapkan perlindungan konsumen guna menghindari risiko-risiko yang berpotensi merugikan penggunanya. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa, Payment Gateway telah melakukan berbagai upaya dalam memenuhi standar keamanan, serta melindungi konsumen dari potensi risiko atas penyelenggaraan Payment Gateway. Namun, peraturan-peranturan yang ada saat ini, tidak mengatur mengenai penyelenggaraan Payment Gateway dalam mendukung transaksi E-Commerce. Dengan demikian, Pemerintah dan Bank Indonesia perlu mempertimbangkan untuk menerbitkan peraturan yang mengatur mengenai hal tersebut. ...... Payment Gateway is an electronic service that processes payment transactions made online and/or through the E-Commerce platform. The operation of Payment Gateway is carried out by a Payment System Provider, namely a Payment Gateway Provider. Payment Gateway Provider conducts its functions in providing payment system services, also in supporting smooth and secure payment transactions between Consumers and Merchants in the E-Commerce platform. According to this research, Payment Gateway Provider has numerous roles and obligations that must be fulfilled in performing its functions. In processing payment transactions, the Payment Gateway Provider is cooperating with the acquirer and the issuer. Payment Gateway Provider is a front-end provider obliged to implement consumer protection to prevent potential risks that could harm its Consumer or users. The result of this research indicates, Payment Gateway Provider has taken several measures to fulfil and comply with the provision of security standards, also to protect its Consumers from potential risks arising from Payment Gateway operation. However, the existing regulations are not regulating the roles of Payment Gateway Provider in supporting payment systems in E-Commerce transactions. Thus, the Government and Bank Indonesia need to consider issuing regulations on regards to this matter, also in order to provide legal certainty.

Abstrak :
This undergraduate thesis analyzed the Indonesian laws and regulations towards credit card as one of the available payment system in commercial transaction while analyzing the protection that are given to the consumer as the credit card holder as well as the bank as the credit card issuer especially in E-commerce transactions. By conducting juridical-normative research, it can be analyze what are the existing Indonesian laws and regulations on Credit Card as a payment system in commercial transactions as well as legal protection provided for cardholders and bank when using credit card in E-Commerce transactions. Most of the issues have been covered by the law, but in the implementation, it is up to the issuer of the credit card as to the extent of protection that are given to the credit card holder and the card holder should always be on alert upon the transaction that are made when using the credit card as well as when giving out personal information pertaining the credit card. Therefore, bank as the credit card issuer should create a more specific regulation on the risk and responsibilities that the card holder will face and for the government should make sure that the platform of E-commerce is safe to use credit card as a payment system by creating a more specific law towards the protection of the consumer in an online transaction and to continue to conduct supervision on ecommerce transactions. ......Skripsi ini menganalisis apa saja undang-undang dan peraturan Indonesia dalam mengatur perihal kartu kredit juga perlindungannya terhadap pemegang kartu dan penerbit kartu terutama dalam transaksi E-commerce. Dengan melakukan penelitian yuridis normatif, dapat dianalisis apa saja hukum dan peraturan Indonesia yang berlaku tentang Kartu Kredit sebagai sistem pembayaran dalam transaksi komersial serta perlindungan hukum yang diberikan kepada pemegang kartu dan bank saat menggunakan kartu kredit dalam transaksi E-Commerce. Perihal dan masalah memang sudah banyak tercantum di dalam undang-undang. Namun, dalam implementasinya, hal ini tergantung pada penerbit kartu kredit, sejauh mana perlindungan yang diberikan kepada pemegang kartu kredit dan pemegang kartu harus selalu waspada pada saat transaksi dilakukan ketika menggunakan kartu kredit serta ketika memberikan informasi pribadi yang berkaitan dengan kartu kredit. Oleh karena itu, bank sebagai penerbit kartu kredit harus membuat peraturan yang lebih spesifik mengenai risiko dan tanggung jawab yang akan dihadapi oleh pemegang kartu dan bagi pemerintah harus memastikan bahwa platform E-commerce aman menggunakan kartu kredit sebagai sistem pembayaran oleh menciptakan undang-undang yang lebih spesifik terhadap perlindungan konsumen dalam transaksi online dan untuk terus melakukan pengawasan pada transaksi E-commerce.