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Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tipe dan penggunaan metafora konseptual karya Karoline von Günderrode berjudul die eine Klage. Peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan cara memahami isi puisi, mengidentifikasi metafora, lalu mengklasifikasikannya sesuai dengan teori metafora konseptual dari Lakoff & Johnson (1980). Dalam memahami puisi, peneliti menggunakan kamus ekabahasa Deutsches Wörterbuch karya Gerhard Wahrig dan Renate Wahrig-Burfeind (1986) dan Langenscheidt online (diakses melalui situs https://en.langenscheidt.com/english-german). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan, terdapat empat belas data yang termasuk dalam metafora konseptual yang dibagi ke dalam tiga jenis, yakni : Sembilan data metafora struktural, tiga data metafora orientasional dan dua data metafora ontologis. Konsep yang dominan digunakan pada puisi tersebut adalah PERASAAN dan EMOSI. ......This study aims to analyze the types and uses of conceptual metaphor that shown in one of Karoline von Günderrode’s poems named die eine Klage. The researcher using a qualitative descriptive research method by understanding the poems, identifying the metaphors, then classified them according to type of conceptual metaphor using the theory of Lakoff & Johnson (1980). In order to understanding the poem, the researcher also use monolingual dictionary Deutsches Wörterbuch by Gerhard Wahrig dan Renate Wahrig-Burfeind (1986) and Langenscheidt online (accessed via site https://en.langenscheidt.com/english-german). The result showed that there are fourteen data of conceptual metaphors which were divided into three types: nine data of structural metaphors, three data of orientational metaphors and two data of ontological metaphors. The concepts frequently used in this poem are FEELINGS and EMOTIONS.

Abstrak :
Metafora merupakan bentuk penggunaan kata atau kelompok kata yang di luar suatu konteks sehingga menimbulkan variasi penggunaan kata dan makna baru. Penggunaan metafora dapat dikatakan umum dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Untuk itu peneliti menggunakan salah satu contoh aplikasi metafora yang umum ditemukan, yaitu dalam deskripsi unggahan media sosial instagram. Scope data penelitian yang digunakan adalah iklan tanaman Jepang di instagram. Untuk itu penelitian ini menggunakan teori konseptual yang dicetuskan oleh George Lakoff dan Mark Johnson (1990). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif yang dilakukan dengan analisis wacana dan dijelaskan secara deskriptif. Data yang ditemukan akan dianalisis berdasarkan teori konseptual, dideskripsikan lalu diklasifikasikan. Dari penelitian ini penulis berusaha melihat kecenderungan pedagang online Jepang dalam menggunakan metafora pada iklannya dan metafora tipe apa yang digunakannya. ......Metaphors are the usage of words outside of literal context which produce variations in word usage and a new meaning. Metaphors are commoners in our everyday life. For this reason, the researcher used one example of a metaphorical application that is commonly found, namely in the description of Instagram social media uploads. The scope of the study is set in Japanese plant advertisements on Instagram. This study uses a conceptual theory proposed by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson (1990) as its base. This paper uses a qualitative method which then continued by discourse analysis and descriptive explanation. The data found will be analyzed based on conceptual theory, described and then classified. From this study, the writer tries to see the tendency of Japanese online merchants in using metaphors in their advertisements and what kind of metaphors they use.

Abstrak :
Metafora konseptual emosi marah berupa ANGER IS THE HOT OF A FLUID IN A CONTAINER diklaim oleh Kovecses (2003: 22) sebagai metafora konseptual yang berlaku umum di setiap masyarakat bahasa. Temuan tersebut direvisi oleh Kövecses (2005: 38) menjadi the ANGRY PERSON IS A PRESSURIZED CONTAINER setelah mempertimbangkan studi Yu (1995) pada masyarakat bahasa Cina yang memahami emosi marah bukan hanya sebagai cairan, akan tetapi juga udara panas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melihat metafora konseptual emosi marah pada penutur bahasa Indonesia beretnis Jawa, sekaligus menguji temuan Kövecses (2003; 2005). Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus dengan melibatkan 6 informan (3 laki-laki; dan 3 perempuan). Terdapat dua studi, pertama, dilakukan dengan meminta informan untuk menuliskan pengalaman emosi marah yang dirasakan paling intens untuk memancing ungkapan metaforis; kedua, dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam untuk mengonfirmasi dan mengonseptualisasi ungkapan metaforis yang terdapat pada studi pertama. Hasil penelitian turut mendukung temuan Kövecses (2003; 2005) dan Yu (1995). Di samping itu, terdapat keunikan metafora konseptual emosi marah pada penelitian ini yang belum terumuskan oleh peneliti sebelumnya yaitu emosi marah yang dipahami sebagai objek berupa benda padat yang menyebabkan rasa tidak nyaman di dalam dada. ......The conceptualization of anger as metaphor ANGER IS THE HOT OF A FLUID IN A CONTAINER claimed by Kovesces (2003: 22) as conceptual metaphor which generally applied in linguistics society. The finding then was revised by Kovesces (2005: 38) as THE ANGRY PERSON IS PRESSURIZED CONTAINER after taking Yus study (1995), about people whom speaking chinese which perceive anger as emotion as, not only fluid, but also hot air, into consideration. The purpose of this study was to see the conception of anger in emotion as metaphor in Bahasa Indonesia speaking people with Javanese ethnicity, while also testing Kovesces (2003; 2005) findings. The research held as study case involving 6 participants (3 males and 3 female). There are two studies. The first one was done by asking informan to write about the most intense anger experience to induce metaphorical phrases. The second one was done by conducting in-depth interviews to confirm and conceptualize metaphorical phrases emmited during the first study. Research result supports findings by Kovesces (2003; 2005) and Yu (1995). Besides, there is uniqueness in the conceptualization of anger as metaphores which has not been found on previous research, where anger as emotion was understood as solid object which cause uncomfortable feeling in the chest.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan memaparkan relasi antara ranah sumber dengan ranah sasaran pada kosakata panca indra dalam bahasa Belanda, serta mengungkapkan perubahan makna dari ranah sumber menuju ranah sasaran menggunakan teori yang dikemukakan oleh Lakoff dan Johnson. Hasil analisis dari ungkapan metaforis yang ditemukan dalam kosakata panca indra menunjukkan adanya persamaan bentuk, posisi, dan fungsi sebagai jembatan dari ranah sumber menuju ranah sasaran. Ranah sumber mengalami pergeseran makna tergantung konteksnya, selain itu gaya bahasa metonimia ditemukan pada setiap ranah sumber panca indra, karena kosakata panca indra huid, oog, oor, tong, neus mewakili manusia seutuhnya. ...... This study aims to describe the relationship between the source domain and the target domain on the vocabulary of the senses in Dutch, and reveals the change of meaning from the source domain to the target domain using the theory by Lakoff and Johnson. The results of the analysis of metaphorical expressions found in the senses 39; vocabulary show the existence of form, position, and function equations as bridges from the source domain to the target domain. The source domain experiences a shift in meaning depending on the context, other than that metonymy is found in every sphere of the senses, because the five senses huid, oog, oor, tong, neus represent the person.

Abstrak :
This paper reports on the results of a study conducted with a view to finding out the pragmatic forces behind the choice of a language or a language variety over another, and, additionally. to getting insights into factors that influence code choice. The underlying assumption is that a language or a language var ieey can be seen as a metaphor, which conveys a certain pragmatic meaning, depending on who speaks to whom, where, when, about what, how and why. Data for the study was drawn from tape recordings of 1udruk. an east Javanese folk theater, which differs from many other forms of drama in that dialogs are not set and memorized and that therefore players have to invent, make up or "recite" their lines without preparation. The rationale for choosing ludruk dialogs as the topic of the study is that, being impromptu, they very much resemble natural, everyday conversations and thus their rules of speaking can be expected to very much reflect those in natural, everyday discourse, if not exactly the same. While Indonesian, the national language of Indonesia. is also used in ludruk performances -- a recent phenomenon and especially in television performances for audience nationwide - the traditional language of ludruk is Javanese. specifically the eastern dialect of this language. Madurese. the language of the ethnic group on the island of Madura and much or the eastern part of last Java Province. is sometimes user) in a performance, but?

Abstrak :
In earlier publications I have argued that ancient Javanese poets imagined the world to be one marked by distinctions between a social world consisting of palace (kaḍatwan) and countryside (thāni-ḍusun) and a wilderness of seashores and forested mountains (pasir-wukir). The social world was characterized by the presence of an effective royal authority; the wilderness by its absence. A distinction was also drawn between this world inhabited by human beings and a world in which gods, ancestral spirits, and other divine beings dwelt (kedewatan). Journeys through these landscapes are an enduring interest in the narrative literature in the literary tradition of ancient Java and Bali. Margaret V. Fletcher (1990, 2002, 2021), Tony Day (1994), Helen Creese (1998), Raechelle Rubinstein (2000), and Peter Worsley (2012b, et al. 2013) have argued that the accounts of journeys in epic kakawin and other related works are not just tales of travel between one physical place and another. Rather, they are accounts of other kinds of journeys: the “journeys” which poets seeking inspiration make or which ascetics seeking apotheosis with their iṣṭadewata undertake or those on which young men and women transitioning from childhood to adulthood embark. In this essay, I make some preliminary observations about passages describing journeys in the natural world in a diverse selection of works authored between the twelfth and eighteenth centuries in Java and Bali and discuss aspects of the metaphorical referencing of these descriptions.

Abstrak :
Peribahasa merupakan produk konseptual dari sebuah kebudayaan. Peribahasa bisa bersifat metaforis dan nonmetaforis. Peribahasa bermakna metaforis menjelaskan satu hal abstrak dengan satu hal yang konkret. Peribahasa metaforis juga banyak ditemukan di dalam peribahasa Mbojo. Peribahasa Mbojo adalah peribahasa yang digunakan oleh penutur bahasa Mbojo di Bima, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Peribahasa bahasa Mbojo mengungkapkan prinsip, aturan, nasihat, dan pandangan tradisional masyarakat Mbojo. Masyarakat Bima menggunakan bahasa Mbojo sebagai bahasa sehari-harinya. Peribahasa bahasa Mbojo, sebagai produk konseptualisasi kebudayaan Mbojo, lekat dengan alam sekitarnya. Bima merupakan daerah dengan keadaan alam yang beragam karena terdapat pegunungan, dataran rendah dan tinggi, dengan batas wilayah sebagian besarnya perairan. Oleh karena itu, beberapa peribahasa penting memunculkan ranah sumber yang lekat dengan alam, seperti air, api, dan tanah. Penelitian ini menggunakan data dari Kamus Peribahasa Mbojo yang beranah sumber air, api, dan tanah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian peribahasa yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan teori metafora konseptual (Lakoff & Johnson, 2003). Peribahasa-peribahasa yang sudah diseleksi kemudian diklasifikasi sesuai dengan ranah sumbernya, setelah itu satu kalimat ditentukan untuk merumuskan pemetaan metafora, menentukan tipe metaforanya, termasuk tipe struktural, orientasional, atau ontologis, menentukan skema citranya, dan terakhir menjelaskan konsep representatif sesuai dengan analisis ranah sumber, target, dan skema citranya. Ditemukan sebanyak 20 peribahasa beranah air, api, dan tanah yang ditelaah secara metaforis memunculkan 13 metafora ranah sumber air, api, dan tanah. ......Proverbs are conceptual products of a culture. Proverbs can be metaphorical and nonmetaphorical. Proverbs metaphorical meaning is usually used to describe an abstract thing with something more concrete. Metaphorical proverbs are also found in Mbojo's proverbs. The Mbojo proverb is a proverb used by speakers of the Mbojo language in Bima, West Nusa Tenggara. The proverb in the Mbojo language contains advice, rules, principles of life, and the traditional views of the Mbojo people. The Bima community uses the Mbojo language as their daily language. Proverbs in the Mbojo language are called Mbojo proverbs. The proverb of Mbojo, as a product of the conceptualization of Mbojo culture, is attached to the natural surroundings. Bima's surroundings is varied with high and low plains, mountains, boundaries of areas that intersect with water. Therefore, several important proverbs mentioned sources that are closely related to nature, such as water, fire, and land. The data used in this study are the Mbojo Proverbs, which are sources of water, fire, and land gained from the Mbojo Proverbs Dictionary. This research is a proverb research which is analyzed using conceptual metaphor theory (Lakoff & Johnson, 2003). Proverbs that have been selected are then classified according to the realm of their source, after which one sentence is determined to formulate a metaphorical map, determine the type of metaphor, including the structural, orientational, or ontological type, determine the image scheme, and finally explain the representative concept according to the analysis of the source domain, its target, and its image scheme. 20 proverbs stating water, fire, and land analyzed metaphorically and classified into 13 metaphor of water, fire, and land.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini membahas makna metafora yang terdapat dalam lirik lagu pada Extended Play “月 姫 –A piece of blue glass moon—" oleh Reona. Dengan menggunakan metode analisis metafora Knowles dan Moon, penelitian ini mengkaji dua puluh tujuh metafora dari sumber data lagu yang memiliki judul 生命線 (Seimeisen), ジュブナイル (Juvenile), dan Believer. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari tahu makna dan jenis-jenis metafora yang terdapat dalam lagu-lagu tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari semua metafora yang telah dianalisis menggunakan teori metafora Knowles dan Moon, jenis metafora yang paling sering digunakan adalah jenis metafora kreatif. Makna metafora yang terdapat di dalam lagu ini lebih mudah dipahami dengan menggunakan konteks Visual novel ‘Tsukihime –A piece of blue glass moon-“ karena banyaknya metafora kreatif yang terdapat dalam lagu-lagu tersebut. ......This study discusses the metaphorical meaning contained in the song lyrics in the Extended Play “月姫 –A piece of blue glass moon-“ by Reona. By using Knowles and Moon's metaphor analysis method, this study examines twenty seven metaphors from the data source of songs that have the titles 生命線 (Seimeisen), ジュブナイル (Juvenile), and Believer. The purpose of this study is to find out the meaning and types of metaphors contained in the songs. The results of this study indicate that of all the metaphors that have been analyzed using Knowles and Moon's metaphor theory, creative metaphors are the most frequently used type of metaphor. The meaning of the metaphors contained in this song is easier to understand using the context of the Visual novel 'Tsukihime –A piece of blue glass moon-“ because there are many creative metaphors contained in these songs.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini membahas metafora dalam iklan produk kosmetik Shiseido menggunakan teori metafora Knowles dan Moon. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah iklan daring produk kosmetik pada situs web resmi Shiseido Jepang dari tautan https://www.shiseido.co.jp/cms/onlineshop/gb/i/portal/. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan menjelaskan makna metafora dan mengidentifikasi jenis metafora dalam iklan produk kosmetik pada situs web resmi Shiseido. Dari hasil penelitian ini, ditemukan 12 data iklan yang mengandung total 16 metafora. Terdapat metafora jenis kreatif seperti バリア (baria) dengan makna pelindung untuk mengacu pada perlindungan dari produk terhadap kulit agar tidak mengalami alergi dan metafora jenis konvensional seperti つややか (tsuyayaka) dengan makna cerah untuk menunjukkan keadaan kulit yang indah, dengan makna keseluruhan mencerminkan perawatan tubuh demi menghasilkan kecantikan. Dari 16 metafora, 8 metafora merupakan metafora jenis kreatif dan 8 metafora merupakan metafora jenis konvensional. Porsi penggunaan jenis metafora yang seimbang ini mengindikasikan bahwa iklan yang memerlukan kreativitas tidak selalu menggunakan metafora jenis kreatif, tetapi juga menggunakan metafora jenis konvensional yang lazim digunakan masyarakat agar bisa menarik minat mereka membeli produk kosmetik yang ditawarkan dalam iklan. ......This study discusses metaphors in Shiseido cosmetic product advertisements using Knowles and Moon’s theory of metaphor. The data source used in this research is online advertisements of cosmetic products on the official website of Shiseido Japan from the link https://www.shiseido.co.jp/cms/onlineshop/gb/i/portal/. This study aims to explain the meaning of metaphors and identify the types of metaphors in cosmetic product advertisements on Shiseido’s official website. From the results of this study, 12 advertisement data containing a total of 16 metaphors were found. There are creative type metaphors such as バリア (baria) which means protective to refer to the protection of the product to the skin so as not to experience allergies and conventional type metaphors such as つややか (tsuyayaka) which means bright to indicate the state of beautiful skin, with the overall meaning reflecting body care to produce beauty. Out of 16 metaphors, 8 metaphors are creative type metaphors and 8 metaphors are conventional type metaphors. This balanced proportion of metaphor types indicates that advertisements that require creativity do not always use creative metaphors, but also use conventional metaphors that are commonly used by the public to attract them to buy the cosmetic products offered in the advertisement.