"[
ABSTRAKIndonesia merupakan salah satu produsen terbesar komoditas kakao biji di dunia.
Hal ini menandakan bahwa kakao biji merupakan salah satu komoditas terpenting
bagi Indonesia. Karenanya, pemerintah perlu menjaga stabilitas produksi dari
komoditas terserbut. Selanjutnya, peran penting dari komoditas kakao biji ditandai
dengan besarnya share ekspor dari komoditas tersebut terhadap total ekspor sektor
pertanian Indonesia dan juga peran penting dari komoditas kakao biji terhadap
mata pencaharian utama petani kecil di pedesaan.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji determinan dari produksi komoditas kakao
biji Indonesia. Secara lebih khusus, penelitian ini mendiskusikan bagaimana
faktor-faktor agronomis, karakteristik petani, dan proses rantai nilai dapat
mempengaruhi produksi kakao biji di Indonesia yang dijelaskan melalui metode
kualitatif. Selain itu, penilitian ini juga menguji bagaimana pengaruh dari harga
produsen dan perubahannya, harga dunia, curah hujan, dan inflasi terhadap
produksi komoditas kakao biji Indonesia dengan menggunakan model random
effect.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor agronomis dapat
mempengaruhi produksi kakao biji melalui tingkat curah hujan dan tingkat
kelembaban yang memngaruhi pohon kakao. Selanjutnya, karakteristik petani,
seperti motif untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehar-hari, dapat memengaruhi
keputusan petani dalam membudidayakan komoditas kakao biji. Proses rantai nilai
menjelaskan bahwa harga produsen secara langsung mempengaruhi kapasitas
produksi domestic, sedangkan harga internasional secara tidak langsung
mempengaruhi kapasitas produksi. Sementara itu, model random effect
menunjukkan bahwa harga produsen, perubahan harga produsen, harga dunia, dan
inflasi secara signifikan memberikan pengaruh terhadap produksi kakao biji
domestik.
ABSTRACTCurrently, Indonesia has become one of the major producers of cocoa bean in the
world. Then, it makes cocoa bean as one of the important commodities for
Indonesia. Since the crop has become one of the important commodities for
Indonesian economy, the government needs to maintain the stability of cocoa
bean production. The important role of cocoa bean can be shown by the share of
cocoa bean export on Indonesian agricultural export and the livelihood of
smallholder farmers.
This research aims to examine the determinants of Indonesian cocoa bean
production. Particularly, this research discusses how the agronomics factors,
farmers? characteristics, and value chain process can affect the cocoa bean
production in Indonesia. Qualitative analysis is used to discuss these factors.
Furthermore, this research also examines the affect of producer price, change in
producer price, world price, rainfall, and inflation on the cocoa bean production.
Random effect model is used to examine the affect of those variables.
The result reveals that agronomics factors can affect the production through the
impact of rainfall and humidity on cocoa tree. The farmers? characteristics, i.e. the
motive to survive can affect the decision of farmers in cultivating cocoa bean. The
value chain process can explain that producer price of cocoa bean can directly
affect the domestic production, whereas the world price indirectly affects the
domestic production. Meanwhile, the random effect model reveals that change in
price of cocoa bean, producer price of cocoa bean, the world price, and inflation
significantly affect the domestic production.;Currently, Indonesia has become one of the major producers of cocoa bean in the
world. Then, it makes cocoa bean as one of the important commodities for
Indonesia. Since the crop has become one of the important commodities for
Indonesian economy, the government needs to maintain the stability of cocoa
bean production. The important role of cocoa bean can be shown by the share of
cocoa bean export on Indonesian agricultural export and the livelihood of
smallholder farmers.
This research aims to examine the determinants of Indonesian cocoa bean
production. Particularly, this research discusses how the agronomics factors,
farmers’ characteristics, and value chain process can affect the cocoa bean
production in Indonesia. Qualitative analysis is used to discuss these factors.
Furthermore, this research also examines the affect of producer price, change in
producer price, world price, rainfall, and inflation on the cocoa bean production.
Random effect model is used to examine the affect of those variables.
The result reveals that agronomics factors can affect the production through the
impact of rainfall and humidity on cocoa tree. The farmers’ characteristics, i.e. the
motive to survive can affect the decision of farmers in cultivating cocoa bean. The
value chain process can explain that producer price of cocoa bean can directly
affect the domestic production, whereas the world price indirectly affects the
domestic production. Meanwhile, the random effect model reveals that change in
price of cocoa bean, producer price of cocoa bean, the world price, and inflation
significantly affect the domestic production., Currently, Indonesia has become one of the major producers of cocoa bean in the
world. Then, it makes cocoa bean as one of the important commodities for
Indonesia. Since the crop has become one of the important commodities for
Indonesian economy, the government needs to maintain the stability of cocoa
bean production. The important role of cocoa bean can be shown by the share of
cocoa bean export on Indonesian agricultural export and the livelihood of
smallholder farmers.
This research aims to examine the determinants of Indonesian cocoa bean
production. Particularly, this research discusses how the agronomics factors,
farmers’ characteristics, and value chain process can affect the cocoa bean
production in Indonesia. Qualitative analysis is used to discuss these factors.
Furthermore, this research also examines the affect of producer price, change in
producer price, world price, rainfall, and inflation on the cocoa bean production.
Random effect model is used to examine the affect of those variables.
The result reveals that agronomics factors can affect the production through the
impact of rainfall and humidity on cocoa tree. The farmers’ characteristics, i.e. the
motive to survive can affect the decision of farmers in cultivating cocoa bean. The
value chain process can explain that producer price of cocoa bean can directly
affect the domestic production, whereas the world price indirectly affects the
domestic production. Meanwhile, the random effect model reveals that change in
price of cocoa bean, producer price of cocoa bean, the world price, and inflation
significantly affect the domestic production.]"
Depok: Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Indonesia, 2014
