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Abstrak :
Dalam tesis ini dibahas cara pemilihan penggunaan obat bebas oleh kader CBIA (Cara Belajar Ibu Aktif) dan non CBIA di Pandeglang (2009), serta faktor pendorong penghambatnya. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode wawancara mendalam dan diskusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kader CBIA menggunakan obat dengan sesuai aturan. Pada kader non CBIA meskipun tepat dalam dosis obat namun tidak tepat dalam hal jenis dan lama penggunaan obat. Selanjutnya, hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan obat cenderung meningkatkan kewaspadaan penggunaan obat, serta iklan obat elektronik diduga mempengaruhi pilihan nama obat yang akan digunakan. Faktor karakteristik individu, akses, keterpaparan informasi obat media elektronik serta dukungan tenaga kesehatan dan keluarga cenderung mempengaruhi perilaku pemilihan penggunaan obat bebas. ......The research was aimed to study on selecting and utilizing the non prescription drug by cadres in Pandeglang Disrict, 2009. It also examined both supporting and inhibiting factors of the self-medication behavior. It was a qualitative research which employed in depth interview and group discussion methods to obtain data. The results concluded that among CBIA's cadres were likely to use the medicine properly. On the contrary, the non CBIA's cadre tended to select the wrong medicine and utilize inappropriate length of therapy. Furthermore, the results showed that knowledge on drug use might increase the awareness in the medicine utilization. Electronic advertisement could influence the informant's preference in selecting certain medicine brand. Therefore, the selection and utilization of non prescription medicine tended to be influenced by the following factors : individual characteristics, exposure to drug information and accessibility to electronic media. It was also influenced by both health professional and family support.

Abstrak :
Di masa pandemi COVID-19, swamedikasi menjadi isu kesehatan yang meningkat. Salah satu populasi terdampak yaitu mahasiswa. Pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan peningkatan pencarian informasi swamedikasi pada mahasiswa. Situasi pandemi COVID-19 juga dapat menyebabkan perubahan persepsi sehat pada individu yang memicu praktik swamedikasi. Kendati demikian hingga saat ini belum diketahui hubungan antara persepsi sehat dengan swamedikasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode cross-sectional analitik dan pengumpulan sampel dengan metode purposive random sampling. Terdapat 152 responden yang merupakan mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia semester 5-8. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner secara daring dengan media google form. Diperoleh data persepsi sehat sebagian besar mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia selama pandemi COVID-19 baik. Proporsi mahasiswa yang melakukan swamedikasi obat bebas selama pandemi COVID-19 adalah 71,71%. Jenis obat bebas yang digunakan oleh mahasiswa selama pandemi COVID-19 sebagian besar adalah antitusif dan antipiretik. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara persepsi sehat subvariabel kesehatan umum dengan perilaku swamedikasi obat bebas pada mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia selama pandemi COVID-19 (p=0.001; OR 4,503; 95% CI 1,754 - 11,557). ...... During the COVID-19 pandemic, self-medication has become an increasing health issue. One of the affected population is students. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in the search for self-medication information for students. The COVID-19 pandemic situation can also cause changes in health perception in individuals that trigger the practice of self-medication. However, until now there is no known relationship between the health perception and self-medication. This research was conducted by cross-sectional analytic method and sample collection by purposive random sampling. There are 152 respondents students at University of Indonesia semester 5-8. Data collection was done by distributing online questionnaires using google form media. In general, The health perception of most University of Indonesia students during the COVID-19 pandemic is good. The proportion of students who self-medicated with over-the-counter drugs during the COVID-19 pandemic was 71.71%. The types of over-the-counter drugs used by the students during the COVID-19 pandemic were mostly antitussive and antipyretic. There was a significant relationship between the perception of health in the general health sub-variable with self-medication behavior in University of Indonesia students during the COVID-19 pandemic (p=0.001; OR 4,503; 95% CI 1,754-11,557).

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Pasar obat bebas terus tumbuh setiap tahunnya. Penelitian tentang analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi konsumen dalam proses pembelian obat bebas dilakukan di Jakarta. Penelitian dilakukan dengan survei kepada konsumen obat bebas. Dari hasil penelitian menggunakan pengujian factor analysis didapatkan tujuh faktor yang utama yang mempengaruhi konsumen dalam pembelian obat bebas, yaitu merek/brand, jaminan/warranty, efektifitas, keamanan/safety, harga & ketersediaan, promosi dan terakhir desain kemasan.

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Abstract
Over The Counter (OTC) market growth every year continually. Research on the analysis of the factors that affect consumers decision making process of purchasing OTC drugs conducted in Jakarta. The study was conducted with a survey to consumers of OTC medication. The results of studies that using factor analysis found that seven major factors affect consumers in the purchase of OTC drugs are brand, warranty, effectiveness, safety, price & availability, promotion and packaging design.

Abstrak :
Apoteker memiliki peranan yang penting untuk masyarakat terutama dibidang apotek, industri farmasi maupun pedagang besar farmasi. Untuk mempersiapkan apoteker yang profesional maka dilakukan Praktik Kerja Profesi Apoteker (PKPA) dibeberapa tempat, sehingga diharapkan para calon apoteker dapat mengaplikasikan ilmu yang mereka dapatkan selama kuliah. Selain itu para calon apoteker mendapatkan ilmu baru yang belum pernah didapatkan sebelumnya di tempat PKPA. Pada kesempatan kali ini penulis berkesempatan melakukan PKPA di Apotek Safa, PT. Harsen Laboratories dan PT. Sammarie Tramedifa Periode September-Desember 2020. Selama PKPA diharapkan dapat menjadi calon apoteker yang profesional dan siap memasuki dunia kerja. ......Apothecary have an important role for society, especially in the pharmacy, pharmaceutical industry and pharmaceutical wholesalers. To prepare apothecary pharmacists, the apothecary Professional Work Practice (PKPA) is carried out in several places, so that prospective pharmacists are expected to be able to apply the knowledge they have gained during college. In addition, prospective apothecary get new knowledge that has never been obtained before at the PKPA place. On this occasion the author had the opportunity to do PKPA at the Safa Pharmacy, PT. Harsen Laboratories and PT. Sammarie Tramedifa September-December 2020 period. During PKPA, it is hoped that you can become professional apothecary candidates who are ready to enter the world of work.

Abstrak :
Household storage of pharmaceutical is world-widely practice, including in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to obtain the pattern of medicine storage, the sources and reasons of medicine kept in households. A cross- sectional survey was conducted on October 2011, involving 250 adult household respondents, randomly selected from three subdistricts in North Jakarta, and have approved the written consents, and interviewed with structured questionnaire. Data were performed in univariate and bivariate analysis with chi square test. The majority of household (82%) stored drugs at home; analgesic-antipyretic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory was the type of drugs kept by mostly (76.1%) of household. Out of 1001 stored drugs for- mulation encountered, about 31% were ethical drugs, mostly (64.8%) ob- tained from authorized pharmacies, purchased without prescription (71.9%), kept for future use (37.6%), and were leftover medicines (31.6%). Among the leftovers, 39.2% were ethical drugs including anti infective agents (31.5%). The leftover ethical medicines and anti infective agents could be indicated as inappropriate storage of pharmaceuticals and may lead to drug related problems.

Penyimpanan obat di rumah tangga banyak dilakukan oleh masyarakat, na- mun tidak banyak informasi bagaimana obat disimpan dan digunakan oleh rumah tangga di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh data pola obat di rumah tangga, sumber mendapatkannya, dan alasan obat disimpan. Survei potong-lintang dilakukan pada Oktober 2011, melibatkan secara acak 250 responden rumah tangga dewasa dari tiga kecamatan di Jakarta Utara yang dipilih purposif dan bersedia diwawancarai dengan menan- datangani informed consent. Kuesioner terstruktur digunakan untuk mem- peroleh data obat. Dilakukan analisis data univariat dan bivariat dengan uji kai kuadrat. Mayoritas responden (82%) menyimpan obat, dengan jenis obat terbanyak analgesik-antipiretik dan anti-inflamasi nonsteroid (76,1%). Dari 1001 produk obat yang disimpan, 31% adalah obat etikal. Sebagian besar obat tersebut (64,8%) diperoleh dari apotek, dibeli tanpa resep dok- ter (71,9%), dan sengaja disimpan untuk persediaan jika sakit (37,6%) ser- ta merupakan obat sisa resep (31,6%). Diantara obat sisa resep, sejumlah 39,2% adalah obat etikal, diantaranya termasuk anti-infeksi (31,5%). Adanya penyimpanan obat sisa resep berupa obat etikal dan anti-infeksi menggambarkan penyimpanan obat yang irasional dan dapat memicu masalah terkait obat termasuk risiko terjadinya medication error.

Abstrak :
Tesis ini meneliti faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh dalam perilaku penggunaan obat bebas (OTC) dengan melihat juga perceived benefit dan perceived barrier responden terhadap obat bebas (OTC) dan obat herbal. Variabel yang digunakan pada riset ini berdasarkan Health Belief Model dan modifikasinya terutama melalui model dari penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Jones et al pada 2016 yang memperlihatkan pengaruh exposure selain variabel yang sudah ada seperti barriers, benefit, efficacy, dan threat terhadap perilaku terhadap kampanye vaksin H1N1. Hasil Focus Group Discussion terhadap 4 grup pengguna obat bebas (OTC) dan pengguna Non-OTC dengan pembeda kelas ekonomi memperlihatkan adanya pengaruh variabel exposure, benefit, dan barrier dalam perilaku pemilihan obat bebas (OTC) dan Non-OTC. Hasil ini kemudian direkonfirmasi melalui uji kuantitatif terhadap 404 responden diambil dengan metode convenience sampling di media digital. Hasil kuantitatif kemudian diuji statistik melalui Structural Equation Model (SEM) untuk menentukan besarnya pengaruh variabel benefit, barrier, dan perceived trust towards exposure terhadap pemilihan obat bebas (OTC).

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This thesis examines factors that involved in consumer behaviour towards OTC medicine by also study respondent's perceived benefit and perceived barrier towards OTC and herbal medicines. Variables that uses in this research based on existing The Health Belief Model and its derivatives, particularly the result from Jones et all on 2016 that also include exposure besides existing variables, barrier, benefit, efficacy, and threat influence on behaviour at H1N1 vaccine campaign. Focus Group Discussion to 4 OTC and Non-OTC users groups showed that exposure, benefit, and barriers have influences in consumer behaviour towards OTC and Non-OTC drug medicines. The FGD result then reconfirmed to 404 respondents that select using convenience sampling in digital media. Quantitative result then statistically test by Structural Equation Model (SEM) to determined influence and relation between benefit, barrier, and perceived trust towards exposure variable to behaviour towards OTC medicine.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang Di masa pandemi COVID-19, terjadi peningkatan suatu isu kesehatan yaitu swamedikasi obat bebas di kalangan masyarakat. Hal ini dikaitkan dengan persepsi sehat yang dimiliki oleh setiap individu sehingga memicu perilaku swamedikasi. Hingga saat ini, belum diketahui hubungan antara persepsi kesehatan umum dengan swamedikasi obat bebas pada subjek pasca COVID-19. Metode Di masa pandemi COVID-19, terjadi peningkatan suatu isu kesehatan yaitu swamedikasi obat bebas di kalangan masyarakat. Hal ini dikaitkan dengan persepsi sehat yang dapat diukur menggunakan The Short Form 36 Health Survei Questionnaire (SF-36) dan dimiliki oleh setiap individu sehingga memicu perilaku swamedikasi. Hingga saat ini, belum diketahui hubungan antara persepsi kesehatan umum dengan swamedikasi obat bebas pada subjek pasca COVID-19. Hasil Sebagian besar persepsi kesehatan umum pada subjek pasca COVID-19 di Kelurahan Panjunan, Cirebon adalah baik. Pada penelitian ini diketahui proporsi responden pasca COVID-19 yang pernah melakukan swamedikasi obat bebas selama 6 bulan terakhir adalah 61 responden (71,8%). Analisis antara persepsi kesehatan umum dan perilaku swamedikasi obat bebas subjek pasca COVID-19 di Kelurahan Panjunan Cirebon dan sekitarnya dengan Uji Fisher yang menunjukkan nilai p=0,029 (OR 5,647; 95% CI 0,693- 45,973) yang menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan. Kesimpulan Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara persepsi kesehatan umum dan perilaku swamedikasi obat bebas subjek pasca COVID-19 di Kelurahan Panjunan Cirebon dan sekitarnya dengan Uji Fisher yang menunjukkan nilai p=0,029 (OR 5,647; 95% CI 0,693-45,973). Alasan utama responden melakukan swamedikasi adalah karena hemat waktu. ......Introduction During the COVID-19 pandemic, an increasing of a health issue is detected which causes an increasing of self-medication behavior of over-the-counter drugs among the public. This is associated with the decreased quality of life in post COVID-19 patients which can be measured by The Short Form 36 Health Survei Questionnaire (SF-36) about the perception of health that each individual has, thus triggering self-medication behavior. Until now, there is no known relationship between general health perceptions and over- the-counter drug self-medication in post-COVID-19 subjects. Method This research was conducted by collecting samples using consecutive sampling method and cross-sectional methods with 85 respondents which fulfilled the inclusion criterias in Panjunan Village, Cirebon, and surrounding areas. Results In this study, it was found that the proportion of post-COVID-19 respondents who had self-medicated over-the-counter medications during the last 6 months was 61 respondents (71.8%). Analysis of general health perceptions and over-the-counter self-medication behavior of post-COVID-19 subjects in Panjunan Village Cirebon and its surroundings with Fisher's test showing a p value = 0.029 (OR 5.647; 95% CI 0.693-45.973) which indicates a significant relationship. Overall, the general health perceptions in Panjunan Village, Cirebon and its surroundings is good. Conclusion There is a significant relationship between general health perceptions and self-medication behavior of the post-COVID-19 subjects in Panjunan Village, Cirebon and its surroundings with the Fisher Test showing a value of p=0.029 (OR 5.647; 95% CI 0.693- 45.973). The main reason respondents carry out self-medication is because it saves time.