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Abstrak :
Based on the authors' expansive collection of notes taken over the years, Nano-CMOS Circuit and Physical Design bridges the gap between physical and circuit design and fabrication processing, manufacturability, and yield. This innovative book covers: process technology, including sub-wavelength optical lithography; impact of process scaling on circuit and physical implementation and low power with leaky transistors; and DFM, yield, and the impact of physical implementation.

Abstrak :
With the aid of Electronic Design Automation tools, we perform circuit optimization on the 8051 microcontroller. The original 8051 microcontroller operates at a clock frequency 12 MHz, and it was designed based on 3.5-µm process technology. Hence, the device is slow and the chip size is large. To enhance the performance of the device and to minimize the die size, we used 90-nm technology in our design. We first performed optimization when mapping the RTL codes with the 90 nm standard cell libraries. Once the gate level netlist was generated, we developed the layout of the device by going through floor-planning, placement, and routing. We show that our new design is capable of operating at 150 MHz (i.e., 12.5 times faster than the original design), with a significant reduction in chip size (i.e., the total area is 77249.814850 µm2 ). The power consumption of the chip is 593.9899 µW, which is at least 32% lower than that of other 8051 derivatives.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pembangunan Rumah Sakit Medika Galaxi yang tidak terencana sehingga mengakibatkan timbulnya banyak kendala dalam pengoperasiannya- Kendala utama yang dihadapi adalah kekurangan ruang rawat untuk pasien dengan jenis penyakit tertentu dan pasien dari kelompok atau golongan tertentu. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, pihak manajemen merencanakan untuk tetap memanfaatkan bangunan yang ada. Masalah yang dihadapi adalah apakah kondisi bangunan fisik dan sarana yang ada di Rumah Sakit Medika Galaxi saat ini sudah memadai dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pelayanan terhadap pasien rawat inap. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang kondisi bangunan dan sarana fisik Rumah Sakit Medika Galaxi yang ada saat ini dalam hubungannya dengan kebutuhan ruangan bagi pasien rawat inap. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif terhadap lima faktor utama yang mempunyai pengaruh terhadap disain ruang rawat inap serta perbandingannya dengan standar yang berlaku. Faktor-faktor tersebut adalah jumlah tempat tidur, pembagian kelas perawatan, luas ruang rawat, jenis pelayanan medik, dan fasilitas ruangan. Jumlah tempat tidur perkelas, luas ruang rawat, jenis pelayanan medik, dan fasilitas ruangan secara umum dipandang sudah memadai sedangkan pembagian kelas perawatan belum memadai. Janis pelayanan medik dan fasilitas ruangan sudah memenuhi standar sedangkan jumlah tempat tidur total, pembagian kelas perawatan, dan Iuas ruangan belum memenuhi standar yang berlaku. Faktor utama yang belum mendukung kebutuhan pelayanan rawat inap adalah pembagian kelas perawatan yang berkaitan erat dengan belum terpenuhinya kapasitas tempat tidur total di Rumah Sakit Medika Galaxi. Ukuran luas masing-masing ruang rawat belum ada yang memenuhi standar dan beberapa ruangan kelas perawatan berisi jumlah tempat tidur yang tidak sesuai dengan standar maksimal yang berlaku. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pelayanan pasien rawat inap dan kemungkinan pengembangannya saat ini dan dimasa yang akan datang maka pihak manajemen Rumah Sakit Medika Galaxi perlu memperbaiki kondisi yang ada melalui suatu studi kelayakan yang komprehensif. ...... Study on Physical Design and Facilities of Medika Galaxi Hospital Inpatient RoomThe study background arise from the construction of Medika Galaxi Hospital which is not planned and causes many problems in operation. The primary problem was inadequacy of inpatient rooms expecially for patient with specific condition and for patient from specific gender or different socioeconomic status. To solve the problem, the management wants to renovate the existing building. The facing problem are where the physical condition and facility of Medika Galaxi Hospital at this time are adequate enough to comply with the need for inpatient care. The purpose of this study are to draw a picture about Medika Galaxi Hospital physical condition & facility in conjuction with the need of rooms for impatient care. Study design are descriptive analytic of five primary factors which having influence to the design of inpatient room and it's comparison with standard requirements. The factors are number of patient bed, inpatient class division, size of inpatient room, classification of medical care, and room facilities. Number of patient bed for each impatient class, size of inpatient room, classification of medical care, and room facilities are generally accepted adequate enough but inpatient class division were not adequate. Classification of medical care and room facilities have comply with standard requirements but total number of patient bed, inpatient class division, and size of inpatient room do not comply with standard requirements. The primary factor that not support the need for impatient care are inpatient class division which is related largely with the total patient bed capacity of Medika Galaxi Hospital. The size of each inpatient room do not fulfill the standard requirements and some of the rooms were loaded with patient bed in quantity larger then the maximal standard requirements. To comply with the need for impatient care and the development possibility in this time and in the future, the Medika Galaxi Hospital management need to improve the present condition via a comprehensive feasibility study.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh adanya rencana Rumah Sakit Sumber Waras untuk membuat IGD yang lebih baik dalam kurun waktu 5 tahun mendatang. Keberadaan IGD yang ada sekarang ini cukup baik dan sudah dapat memberikan pelayanannya dengan baik. Namun seiring dengan makin meningkatnya persaingan antar rumah sakit, Rumah Sakit Sumber Waras merasa pelu meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatannya terutarna di Instalasi Gawat Darurat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah, untuk menganalisa sejauh mana kondisi fisik yang ada dari Instalasi Gawat Darurat Rumah Sakit Sumber Waras memenuhi persyaratan Standar Disain Fisik dan mengetahui disain fisik Instalasi Gawat Darurat yang sesuai untuk kebutuhan konsumen IGD Rumah Sakit Sumber Waras. Jenis penelitian merupakan studi komparatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data dan informasi didapat melalui kuesioner berikut wawancara, serta pengamatan di lapangan sejak 1 hingga 31 mei 2004. Pada penelitian ini diamati faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Disain Fisik Instalasi Gawat Darurat, yaitu : 1. Zoning 2. Bentuk, Karakteristik dan Komposisi 3. Persyaratan dan Hubungan Ruang 4. Alur Proses dan Tata Letak 5. Fungsi/Aktifitas. 6. Prasarana 7. Peralatan Penelitian ini telah menghasilkan sebuah analisa mengenai kondisi dan usulan mengenai pemecahan masalah rancang bangun Instalasi Gawat Darurat Rumah Sakit Sumber Waras. Dari 7 faktor yang dianalisa didapatkan hasil : 1 faktor yang tidak memenuhi syarat yaitu faktor Zoning (33,3%), 1 faktor yang hampir memenuhi syarat yaitu faktor Bentuk, Karakter dan Komposisi (58,3%) dan 5 faktor yang telah memenuhi syarat yaitu faktor Persyaratan dan Hubungan Ruang (88,8%), faktor Fungsi/Aktifitas (84,6%), faktor Prasarana (75%), faktor Peralatan (86,6%) dan faktor Alur dan Tata Letak (100%). Selain hasil perbadingan tersebut, penelitian ini juga menghasilkan sebuah disain IGD rumah sakit Sumber Waras yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan konsumen internal dan konsumen eksternal rumah sakit Sumber Waras yang berupa saran.

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Physical Design Analysis of Sumber Waras Hospital's Emergency Room is Based on Indonesia Department of Health's Rule, Direction Literature and StandardThis research is motivated by Sumber Waras Hospital's plan to build a better emergency room in the next five years. The emergency room which the hospital has now is already good enough and able to serve well. Along with the raise of the hospital's competition, Sumber Waras Hospital thinks to increase its health service especially the emergency room. The purpose of this research used a comparative study with the qualitative approach The data and information are from the questionnaire, interviews and also the field survey which was done from 1 until 31 May 2004. Some factors which influence the physical design are observed in this research They are: 1. The arrangement in zones 2. The form, character and composition 3. The room's relation and requirement 4. The process and layout 5. The function/activity 6. The infra structure 7. The equipments. This research has brought analysis about condition and proposal on construction solving emergency Instalation Sumber Waras hospital. From 7 factor that analyzed getting a result one factor that. Is not qualified namely zoning factor (33,3%), one factor that is almost qualified that is, form, character and composition (58,3%) and 5 factor that have been qualified there are The room's relation (88,8%) and requirement, the Process and- Lay Out (100%), the Function/Activity (84,6%), the Infra Structure (75%) and the Equipment (86,6%). Beside that comparation result, this research also produce a design of emergency Instalation Sumber Waras hospital base on the needs internal consumer and external consumer Sumber Waras hospital as suggestion.

Abstrak :
This book shares with readers practical design knowledge gained from the authors 24 years of IC design experience. The author addresses issues and challenges faced commonly by IC designers, along with solutions and workarounds. Guidelines are described for tackling issues such as clock domain crossing, using lockup latch to cross clock domains during scan shift, implementation of scan chains across power domain, optimization methods to improve timing, how standard cell libraries can aid in synthesis optimization, BKM (best known method) for RTL coding, test compression, memory BIST, usage of signed Verilog for design requiring +ve and -ve calculations, state machine, code coverage and much more. Numerous figures and examples are provided to aid the reader in understanding the issues and their workarounds. Addresses practical design issues and their workarounds; Discusses issues such as CDC, crossing clock domain in shift, scan chains across power domain, timing optimization, standard cell library influence on synthesis, DFT, code coverage, state machine; Provides readers with an RTL coding guideline, based on real experience.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh pembangunan Kamar Bedah Rumah Sakit Sumber Waras, yang didalam pelaksanaannya terjadi beberapa kesalahan pemilihan bahan baku dan sistem. Setelah Kamar bedah selesai dibangun dan dipergunakan, terlihat pula kekurangan dalam tata letak beberapa ruang, yang tidak sesuai dengan persyaratan alur kegiatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah, untuk menganalisa sejauh mana kondisi fisik yang ada dari Instalasi Kamar Bedah Rumah Sakit Sumber Waras memenuhi persyaratan standar Disain Fisik dan mengetahui Disain Fisik Instalasi Kamar Bedah yang benar dari persyaratan dan ketentuan guna dapat memberikan pelayanan pembedahan yang tepat. Jenis penelitian merupakan studi komparatif dengan pendekatan kwalitatif. Data dan informasi didapat melalui kuesioner berikut wawancara, serta pengamatan di lapangan sejak tanggal 1 hingga 31 Maret 2001 Pada penelitian ini diamati faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Disain Fisik Kamar Bedah, yaitu : 1. Zoning 2. Bentuk, Karakteristik dan Komposisi 3. Persyaratan dan Hubungan Ruang 4. Alur Proses dan Tata Letak 5. Fungsi I Aktifitas 6. Prasarana 7. Peralatan Akhir penelitian telah menghasilkan sebuah analisa mengenai kondisi dan usulan mengenai pemecahan masalah rancang bangun Instalasi Kamar Bedah Rumah Sakit Sumber Waras, yang diharapkan dapat berguna bagi perencanaan dan pengembangan selanjutnya Rumah Sakit Sumber Waras.

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This study have a background development of surgical department of Sumber Waras Hospital , which in implementation occurred any mistakes materials caws and system. After reconstruction and used, there are lots of inconsistencies in the space design concept. This study attempts to analyze how far the Physical Condition from Surgical Department of Sumber Waras Hospital fulfils the standard requirement of Physic Design and to know the correct requirement and certainty of the operating room which give the correct operating service. A qualitative approach of comparison study has been carried out based on field data and information collected through questionnaire and interview during ls` through 31st of March 2003. The research monitored several factors influencing the surgery installation design. There were seven factors to be observed: 1. Zoning 2. Form, characteristic and composition 3. Regulation and room connection 4. Process and location arrangement 5. Function 1 Activity 6. Infrastructure 7. Equipment This thesis proposes the evaluated building concept standard in order to developed Surgical Department in Sumber Waras Hospital.

Abstrak :
This volume contains a selection of revised and extended research articles written by prominent researchers participating in a large international conference on Advances in Engineering Technologies and Physical Science which was held in San Francisco, California, USA, October 25-27, 2017. Topics covered include engineering mathematics, electrical engineering, communications systems, computer science, chemical engineering, systems engineering, manufacturing engineering, and industrial applications. With contributions carefully chosen to represent the most cutting-edge research presented during the conference, the book contains some of the state-of-the-art in engineering technologies and the physical sciences and their applications, and serves as a useful reference for researchers and graduate students working in these fields.