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"The main purpose of this study is to identify determinant factors of regional inflation in the decentralized Indonesia. Inflation nowadays may spread widerly and more difficult to handle than in the past. This condition has created difficulties for the central bank to maintain targeted inflation. The study employs field surveys and econometric tools. The field surveys are conducted in six cities--Medan, Semarang, Surakarta, Palu, Banjarmasin, and Pontianak. It is found from the cross tabulation that regional inflation is significantly affected by the infrastructure condition in the corresponding regions. Aside from the infrastructure condition, the logistic analysis concludes that regional inflation is also affected by local regulations. However, infrastructure still has a larger effect on inflation. The econometric methodology use unit root and Engle-Granger cointegration tests to prove whether the purchasing power parity among regions holds. It is found that purchasing power parity does not hold for all regions. Another tool is the variance decomposition?it is used to determine whether regional inflation is dominantly monetary or non-monetary factors. This study found that non-monetary factors are main contributors to regional inflation. Pooled data estimation with fixed effect shows that inflation is significantly influenced by non-monetary factors--the growths of local government revenues, routine expenditures, and local transportation costs. Local government routine expenditures have the largest elasticity on inflation. "

"Inflasi merupakan suatu indikator yang sangat penting dalam pembangunan ekonomi suatu negara. Pencapaian inflasi rendah merupakan prasyarat bagi tercapainya sasaran makroekonomi lainnya, seperti pertumbuhan ekonomi dan penyediaan lapangan kerja yang seluas-luasnya. Pemilihan kestabilan harga sebagai sasaran akhir kebijakan moneter dilatarbelakangi oleh realita bahwa inflasi yang tinggi menimbulkan dampak negatif dan ketidakstabilan bagi perekonomian. Tinjauan teoritis dan empiris menunjukkan bahwa inflasi dipengaruhi oleh variabel-variabel dalam permintaan aggregat, penawaran aggregat, faktor luar negeri, faktor ekspektasi serta jumlah uang beredar.Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor apa raja yang mempengaruhi inflasi di Indonesia, selama periode tahun 1988 - 2002, dengan menggunakan model ekonomi makro struktural skala kecil. Berdasarkan determinan pokok pembentuk inflasi, maka faktor ekspektasi inflasi dan inflasi impor mempunyai pengaruh besar terhadap inflasi di Indonesia, sementara pengaruh faktor output gap relatif kecil. Faktor ekspektasi inflasi lebih ditentukan oleh inflasi inersia daripada target inflasi, serta inflasi impor lebih dipengaruhi oleh depresiasi nilai tukar yang menunjukkan besarnya pengaruh langsung (direct pass-through effect) dan nilai tukar ke inflasi. Secara keseluruhan signifikansi variabel-variabel moneter, seperti suku bunga SBI, nilai tukar rupiah, dan uang beredar, dalam persamaan simultan ekonomi makro menunjukkan cukup berpengaruhnya fenomena moneter dalam mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi dan inflasi di Indonesia.Sehubungan dengan dominannya faktor ekspektasi inflasi dan faktor inflasi impor, maka kebijakan moneter perlu diarahkan pula pada upaya stabilisasi nilai tukar rupiah untuk meminimalkan dampak fluktuasinya, serta perluasan komunikasi target inflasi dan pencapaian target inflasi yang telah ditetapkan. Dari sisi kebijakan fiskal, perlu peningkatan alokasi pengeluaran Pemerintah untuk sektor produktif, agar dampaknya pada permintaan agregat dan pertumbuhan ekonomi, nyata.

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Inflation is a very important indicator in economic development. Attainment of low inflation is a prerequisite to reaching other macroeconomic targets, i.e. economic growth and employment. The choice of price stability as final target of monetary policy is based on by the reality that high inflation may generate negative impact and instability toward the economy. Empirical and theoretical evidences indicate that inflation is influenced by variable of aggregate demand, aggregate supply, foreign factor, expectation and money supply.

This research aims are to identity any factors that influencing inflation in Indonesia, during the period 1988 - 2002, by using small scale structural macro model. Based on fundamental determinant of inflation, we obtain that expected inflation factor and import inflation factor contribute the most to the inflation in Indonesia, whereas output gap has a small impact. Expected inflation is more determined by the inertia inflation rather than inflation target, and imported inflation is more influenced by the exchange rate depreciation, that showing direct influence or direct pass-through effect from exchange rate to inflation. In whole, monetary variables i.e. SBI, exchange rate, and money supply are significant in macro economic stimulant equation, this shows that monetary phenomenon has enough effect in influencing economic growth and inflation in Indonesia.

Since the expected inflation and imported inflation are the dominant factors, monetary policy is important to be directed to maintain the exchange rate stabilization, for the minimize of fluctuation effect, and because the inflation target is not significant to influence inflation, extensive communications of inflation target is indeed mandatory. From fiscal policy point of view, needs to it increase the government expenditure."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini memiliki dua tujuan yaitu untuk menganalisis pengaruhnya secara langsung price level perception, value for money, price perceptibility, price processibility, dan evaluation pada minat membeli kembali studi pada Indomaret dan Alfamart dan untuk mengetahui dimensi manakah yang paling dominan dalam memengaruhi re-buying intention konsumen studi pada Indomaret dan Alfamart. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 100 responden yang pernah berbelanja di Indomaret dan Alfamart dengan menggunakan metode non-probability sampling dengan teknik convenience sampling. Instrumen penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji paired t-test untuk membandingkan mean antara Indomaret dan Alfamart serta regresi berganda untuk melihat pengaruh antara variabel independen dengan variabel dependen. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh antara price image dimensions terhadap re-buying intention. Selain itu, hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa dimensi yang paling berpengaruh terhadap re-buying intention berbeda untuk kedua retail. Untuk retail Indomaret adalah evaluation dan dimensi yang paling berpengaruh untuk retail Alfamart adalah value for money merupakan dimensi yang paling berpengaruh terhadap re-buying intention.

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ABSTRACTThis research has two objectives, to analyze the direct effect of price level perception, value for money, price perceptibility, price processibility, and evaluation to re-buying intention, case study at Indomaret and Alfamart; and to analyze which dimension is the most dominant in affecting re-buying intention of customers at Indomaret and Alfamart. Sample in this research is using 100 respondents who have shopped at Indomaret and Alfamart by using non-probability sampling method with convenience sampling technique. The instrument of this research is using questionnaires and it is analyzed by using paired t-test experiment to compare mean between Indomaret and Alfamart and also multiple regression to analyze the effect of independent variable to dependent variable. The result of this research shows that there is the effect between price image dimensions to re-buying intention. Moreover, the result shows that the most dominant dimension that affects re-buying intention is different for two retails. For Indomaret, the most dominant dimension is evaluaton and the most dominant dimension for Alfamart is value for money. "

"Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengembangkan kerangka kerja dari sudutpandang kualitas (quality perspective) terhadap niat membeli kembali (repurchase intention) dalam konteks penyedia layanan digital by.U. Penelitian ini juga menganalisis peran mediasi dari tingkat harga (price level) dan kepuasan pelanggan (customer satisfaction). Penelitian ini menggunakan studi empiris dengan metode kuantitatif melalui survei kuesioner kepada 180 pengguna by.U. Metode Maximum Likelihood (ML) digunakan dengan jumlah sampel minimal lima kali jumlah parameter bebas dalam model. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) diterapkanuntuk memverifikasi kerangka penelitian.Hasil Penelitian ini adalahPerceived Enjoyment dan Perceived Ease of Use berpengaruh terhadap Customer Satisfaction sedangkan Expectation tidak berpengaruh terhadap customer satisfaction, customer satisfaction dan customer trust berpengaruh terhadap Repurchase Intention sedangkan customer trust tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap Repurchase Intention, Price Level memiliki pengaruh Terhadap Repurchase Intention, Customer Satisfaction, Customer trust, Customer Commitment memiliki pengaruh Positif Terhadap Price Level, Customer Satisfaction dan Customer Trust terhadap Repurchase Intention berhasil dimediasi oleh Price Level sedangkan Customer Commitment tidak, Perceived Ease 0f Use dan Perceived Enjoyment Terhadap Price Level berhasil dimediasi Customer Satisfaction sedangkan Expectation tidak, Perceived Enjoyment Terhadap Repurchase Intention berhasil dimediasi Customer Satisfaction sedangkan expectation dan Perceived Ease of Use tidak, Perceived Enjoyment Terhadap Repurchase Intention berhasdil dimediasi Customer Satisfaction Dan Price Levelsedangkan expectation dan Perceived ease of use tidak berhasil.

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This study is intended to develop a framework from the quality perspective on repurchase intention in the context of the digital service provider by.U. Additionally, this research examines the mediating roles of price level and customer satisfaction. The research employs an empirical study with quantitative methods through a questionnaire survey of 180 by.U users. The Maximum Likelihood (ML) method is utilized with a sample size of at least five times the number of free parameters in the model. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is applied to verify the research framework.

The results of this study are Perceived Enjoyment and Perceived Ease of Use have an effect on Customer Satisfaction while Expectation has no effect on customer satisfaction, customer satisfaction and customer trust have an effect on Repurchase Intention while customer trust has no effect on Repurchase Intention, Price Level has an influence on Repurchase Intention, Customer Satisfaction, Customer trust, Customer Commitment has a positive influence on Price Level, Customer Satisfaction and Customer Trust on Repurchase Intention are successfully mediated by Price Level while Customer Commitment is not, Perceived Ease 0f Use and Perceived Enjoyment on Price Level are successfully mediated by Customer Satisfaction while Expectation is not, Perceived Enjoyment on Repurchase Intention is successfully mediated by Customer Satisfaction while Expectation and Perceived Ease of Use are not, Perceived Enjoyment on Repurchase Intention is successfully mediated by Customer Satisfaction and Price Level while Expectation and Perceived ease of use are not successful."

"Krisis nilai tukar yang terjadi pada pertengahan tahun 1997 yang diikuti oleh krisis moneter, telah menimbulkan berbagai perubahan dalam struktur pengelolaan ekonomi moneter di Indonesia. Perubahan tersebut, diantaranya adalah: (1) beralihnya sistem nilai tukar Rupiah dani sistem manage floating exchange rate menjadi free floating exchange rate sejak 14 Agustus 1997, dan (2) berlakunya Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 23 Tahun 1999 tentang Bank Indonesia, yang secara eksplisit menyatakan bahwa tujuan Bank Indonesia adalah untuk mencapai dan memelihara kestabilan Rupiah.Dalam penelitian ini, hubungan antara jumlah uang beredar (M2), nilai tukar (ER) dan tingkat harga (CPI) dianalisis menggunakan model identified Vector Autoregression Approach sebagaimana penelitian Dmyto Holod (2000) untuk kasus Ukraine.Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa, asumsi sticky price lebih cocok untuk Indonesia bukan flexible price, karena dalam penentuan harga terdapat faktor kebijakan yang tercermin -dalam administrated-price seperti Mahan- bath- riiinyiIC(BBM); tarif dasar listrik.Secara spesifik hasiI penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Peningkatan jumlah uang beredar mengarahkan pada terjadinya kenaikan tingkat harga (teori Money Marker equilibrium) dan terjadinya depresiasi nilai tukar (teori IRP). (2) Depresiasi nilai tukar mengakibatkan terjadinya kenaikan tingkat harga dan peningkatan jumlah uang beredar. (3) Kenaikan tingkat harga mendorong terjadinya depresiasi nilai tukar (teori PPP) dan setelah periode bulan pertama terjadi penurunan jumlah uang beredar.Kontraksi moneter yang mengikuti kenaikan tingkat harga menunjukkan bahwa Bank Indonesia menerapkan kerangka kebijakan inflation targeting, dimana uang beredar digunakan sebagai instrumen moneter atau sasaran antara untuk mengontrol inflasi, bukan sebagai sasaran akhir."