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"Zat besi merupakan mikronutrien esensial yang diperlukan tubuh seperti pertumbuhan sel darah merah dan sel otak Kebutuhan besi meningkat pada masa kehamilan Komposisi mikrobiota dapat berubah selama tahap kehidupan yang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor misalnya besi Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain potong lintang yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara asupan besi dan kadar feritin serum dengan jumlah Bifidobacterium pada ibu hamil trimester ketiga Penelitian ini dilakukan di seluruh puskesmas kecamatan di Jakarta Timur dari bulan Maret sampai April 2015 Pengambilan subjek dilakukan dengan cara konsekutif dan didapatkan 52 ibu hamil yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara meliputi kuesioner data asupan besi heme dan non heme protein serta vitamin C dengan FFQ semikuantitatif Pengukuran antropometri untuk menilai status asupan gizi pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk mengetahui kadar feritin serum dan kadar CRP serta jumlah Bifdobacterium dalam tinja Didapatkan rerata usia 29 1 5 9 tahun nilai median asupan besi 66 7 3 3 144 1 mg hari kadar feritin serum 31 1 3 6 96 1 g L dan jumlah Bifidobacterium usus 7 45 5 1 9 5 log g tinja Tidak didapatkan korelasi yang bermakna asupan besi dengan jumlah Bifidobacterium usus r 0 202 p 0 152 juga tidak didapatkan korelasi bermakna antara kadar feritin serum dengan jumlah Bifidobacterium usus (r=0,116 p=0,411).

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Iron is an essensial micronutrient which body needed such as for blood growth cell and brain cell Iron rsquo s requirement increases in pregnancy Microbiota composition can change in cycle of life which be affected by many factors likely iron The aim of this cross sectional study was to find the correlation between iron intake and serum ferritin with Bifidobacterium third trimester of pregnancy Data collection was conducted from March 2015 until April 2015 in all of sub district of public health centre in east Jakarta Subjects were obtained using consecutive sampling method A total of 52 pregnancy subjects had met the study criteria Data were collected through interviews including questionnare iron intake heme and non heme protein and vitamin C used semiquantitative FFQ Anthropometry measurementsto assess the nutritional status and laboratory examination i e blood levels of serum ferritin and CRP and Bifidobacterium in feces Mean age 29 1 5 9 years Median of intake of iron was 66 7 3 3 144 1 mg day serum ferritin was 31 1 3 6 96 1 g L and gut Bifidobacterium 7 45 5 1 9 5 log g feces No significant correlation was found between iron intake and Bifidobacterium in feces r 0 202 p 0 152 and negative correlations and no significant between serum ferritin and Bifidobacterium in feces (r=0, 116, p=0,411)"

"ABSTRAKRuang lingkup dan cara penelitianTingginya prevalensi anemia defisiensi besi pada wanita usia reproduksi di Indonesia. Asupan zat besi melalui makanan dan aktifitas fisik/olahraga yang berat dapat merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab anemia defisiensi besi. Telah dilakukan penelitian quasi eksperimental pada 60 siswa wanita untuk melihat pengaruh latihan fisik yang teratur dan konsumsi makanan yang didapat setiap hari terhadap kadar hemoglobin dan feritin serum di suatu pendidikan khusus selama 12 minggu. Pada awal dan akhir penelitian, kepada subjek dilakukan pemeriksaan; kesehatan, antropometri, kadar hemoglobin dan feritin serum. Sedangkan asupan makanan dan kegiatan 24 jam dinilai selama masa penelitian berlangsung. Dengan metode 3 days record dan metode faktorial.Hasi1 dan KesimpulanPada awal dan akhir penelitian didapatkan kejadian defisiensi besi dengan atau tanpa anemia dan anemia bukan defisiensi besi yang cukup tinggi. Kualitas makanan yang diterima mempunyai imbangan sumber energi yang sesuai dengan anjuran, dan kuantitas asupan zat gizi yang diteliti (lemak, protein, zat besi dan vitamin C) berada di atas nilai kebutuhan yang disesuaikan dengan kecukupan yang dianjurkan, kecuali asupan energi dan karbohidrat sedikit di bawah nilai kecukupan. Jenis aktifitas/kegiatan yang dilakukan to nnasuk kategori jenis aktifitas berat dengan keluaran energi dalam sehari sebesar 3496,88+134,21 Kal. Latihan fisik dan asupan makanan yang diterima selama penelitian ini berlangsung, dapat menurunkan berat badan dan indeks masa tubuh (p<0,05), tetapi meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin (p;0,05) dan feritin serum (p<0,05). Perubahan ini dipikirkan karena selain adanya efek konsumsi zat besi dari makanan yang diterima, jenis intensitas dan lama latihan fisik yang dilakukan, distribusi populasi subjek berdasarkan kadar hemoglobin dan feritin serum turut pula mempengaruhinya.

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ABSTRACT

Scope and Method of Study:

The prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia in reproductive age women in Indonesia is high. Two factors involved on causing iron deficiency anaemia are food intake and hard physical training.

A quacy experimental study was done on 60 women to investigate the changes of hemoglobin and serum ferritin on women student who had regular meals and taking basic physical training during 12 weeks in special education. Physical, anthropometric examination, hemoglobin and serum ferritin concentration determination were done on each subject at the beginning and at the end of the basic special education. The evaluation of food intake and 24 hours activities were done using three days record and factorial method during this study.

Result and Conclusions:

The incidence of iron deficiency at the beginning and at the end of study were quite high, both among the anaemic and the non anaemic group. The quality of food intake was well balanced and the quantity of each nutritional element under study (fat, protein, iron and vitamin C) were above the optimal requirement, except calorie and carbohydrate were slightly below the optimal requirement. The exercises done by the subjects were categorized as heavy exercise with energy expenditure of 3496.88±134.21 calories per day. Heavy exercise and food intake during the study managed, to lower the body weight and body mass index (p<0.05) and increased the hemoglobin and serum ferritin concentrations (p<0.05). The changes were thought due to iron consumption, intensity and duration of physical training, subject population distribution according to hemoglobin and serum ferritin concentrations."

"TUJUAN: (1) Mengetahui perubahan fungsi sistolik dan diastolik serta massa ventrikel kin pada remaja dan dewasa muda penderita Talasemia mayor dibandingkan dengan remaja dan dewasa muda normal. (2) Mengetahui hubungan antara kadar feritin serum dan fungsi sistolik dan diastolik ventrikel kiri yang diperoleh dengan pemeriksaan ekokardiografi pada remaja dan dewasa muda penderita Talasemia mayor.TEMPAT PENELITIAN: Divisi Kardiologi dan Divisi Hematologi Anak FK UI/RSCM JakartaSUBYEK PENELITIAN: Remaja dan dewasa muda penderita Talasemia mayor yang menjalani pemeriksaan dan transfusi rutin di Pusat Talasemia RSCM sejak bulan Agustus - Desember 2005.METODOLOGI: Dilakukan penelitian observasional dengan rancang bangun cross sectional. Data meliputi parameter hematologis pasien Talasemma mayor dan parameter fungsi sistolik ventrikel kiri (EF dan FS), fungsi diastolik ventrikel (E, A, rasio E/A, IVRT), serta massa ventrikel kiri (LVDDi, LVDSi, LVMi) dengan menggunakan mesin ultrasonografi Sonas 4500, transduser 8 MHz. Data diolah dengan SPSS versi 10. Dilakukan uji t, analisa regresi liner dan analisa multivariat dengan regresib multiple. Nilai a yang dipakai adalah 0,05. Jumlah subyek minimal yang diperlukan adalah 28.HASIL : Dan 32 subyek Talasemia mayor yang diperiksa, 30 subyek diikutsertakan dalam penelitian. Fungsi sistolik dan diastolik Talasemia mayor lebih rendah dibanding kontrol dan perbedaan ini secara statistik bermakna. Rerata EF Talasemia mayor dan kontrol masing-masing adalah 66,1% (SB 4,9) dan 71,6% (SB 5,6) ; p < 0,0001. Rerata FS 36,0% (SB 3,7) dan 39,8% (SB 5,5) ; p = 0,003. Rerata rasio E!A Talasemia mayor dan kontrol masing-masing 2,14 (SB 0,4) dan 1,83 (SB 0,3); p = 0,002. Massa ventrikel kin Talasemia mayor secara bermakna lebih berat dibanding kontrol. Rerata LVMi (g/m2) Talasemia mayor dan kontrol masing-masing 111,1 (SB 30,8) dan 75,4 (SB 14,5); p < 0,0001. Dengan regresi linier sederhana dan regresi multipel dijumpai hubungan yang cukup kuat dan bermakna antara fungsi diastolik ventrikel kiri (rasio FA) dengan kadar feritin serum (r = 0,71;p < 0,0001).KESIMPULAN: Fungsi sistolik dan fungsi diastolik remaja dan dewasa muda penderita Talasemia mayor telah mulai mengalami perubahan dan abnormalitas. Massa ventrikel kin remaja dan dewasa muda penderita Talasemia mayor lebih berat dari pada orang normal. Semakin tinggi kadar feritin serum semakin besar kemungkinan penderita Talasemia mayor untuk menderita gangguan fungsi diastolik.

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OBJECTIVES: To detect the left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions and mass alteration among adolescents and young adults with Thalassemia major compared to those of normal adolescents and young adults, and to find out the relationship between serum ferritin level and left ventricular functions which are obtained from echocardiography examination.

SETTING: Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Hematology Department of Child Health, Medical Faculty, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta

SUBJECTS: Adolescents and young adults with Thalassemia major whose got blood transfusion in Thalassemia Center Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta between August to December 2005.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted. The data includes the Thalassemia major patients' hematology data, left ventricular systolic function (EF and FS), and diastolic function (A, E, F/A ratio, IVRT), mass (LVDD1, LVDSi, LVMi) by using an ultrasonography Sonos 4500, transducer 8 MHz. That data were processed with SPSS version 10. The t test, liner regression and multiple regression analysis were performed. Statistical significant was assumed with a 0.05. The minimal number of subjects needed was 28.

RESULTS: Out of 32 Thalassemia major patients, 30 were enrolled to study. Left ventricular systolic and diastolic function of Thalassemia major patients were lower than the control and it was statistically significant.[ EF 66.1% (SD 4.9) and 71.6% (SD 5.6); p < 0.0001, FS 36.0% (SD 3.7) and 39.8% (SD 5.5); p = 0.003, E/A 2.14 (SD 0.4) and 1.83 (SD 0.3); p = 0.002], respectively. Left ventricular mass of Thalassemia major patients was greater than control, and it was statistically significant [LVMi (g/m2) 111.1 (SD 30.8) and 75.4 (SD 14.5); p < 0.0001], respectively. Linier and multiple regression analysis showed that there was significant and powerful relation between left ventricular diastolic function (E/A ratio) and serum ferritin ( r = 0.71; p < 0.0001).

CONCLUSION: The systolic and diastolic functions of adolescents and young adults with Thlassemia major have started to alter and abnormalities. The left ventricular mass of adolescents and young adults with Thalassemia major more than heavier that of a normal person. The higher the level of serum ferritin is, the more likely it is for Thalassemia major patient to suffer from diastolic abnormalities."

"Latar Belakang: Harapan hidup pasien thalasemia bergantung transfusi bertambah baik karena transfusi darah dan terapi kelasi besi yang sesuai. Penyakit jantung akibat toksisitas besi tetap menjadi penyebab utama kematian pada pasien thalasemia bergantung transfusi. MRI T2* jantung dapat mendeteksi dini toksisitas besi di jantung dan dapat mengevaluasi hasil pengobatan dengan membandingkan nilai T2* pra dan pasca terapi kelasi besi.Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan profil perbaikan toksisitas besi di jantung pada pasien thalasemia dewasa bergantung transfusi. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk melihat kesesuaian antara perbaikan nilai T2* jantung dengan perbaikan feritin serum dan saturasi transferin.Metode Penelitian: pre and post test dengan data sekunder retrospektif pada pasien dewasa thalasemia bergantung transfusi yang kontrol di poliklinik thalasemia Kiara dan poliklinik dewasa hematologi-onkologi medik RSUPN Cipto Mangukusumo. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli-Desember 2019. Data sekunder diperoleh dari rekam medis dan registri pasien thalasemia berupa riwayat medis, jenis obat kelasi besi, nilai T2* jantung satu tahun berturut-turut, kadar feritin serum dan saturasi transferin. Analisis data berupa data deskriptif dan uji marginal homogeneity serta uji kappa.Hasil: Sebanyak 115 pasien dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Terdapat perbaikan T2* jantung sebanyak 7,0% dan menetap baik (T2* jantung tetap >20 milidetik) sebanyak 72,2%. Tidak terdapat kesesuaian antara perbaikan nilai T2* jantung dengan perbaikan feritin serum (nilai kappa = 0,044) dan perbaikan nilai T2* jantung dengan saturasi transferin ( nilai kappa = 0,011).Simpulan: Perbaikan toksisitas besi di jantung pasca terapi kelasi besi sebanyak 7,0% dan menetap baik sebanyak 72,2%. Tidak terdapat kesesuaian antara perbaikan nilai T2* jantung dengan perbaikan kadar feritin serum dan saturasi transferin.

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Background: Life expectancy of the transfusion dependent thalassemia patients is getting better because of blood transfusion and appropriate iron chelation therapy. Heart disease due to iron toxicity remains the leading cause of death in thalassemia patients who need transfusion. MRI T2* can allow to detect premature iron toxicity in the heart and can evaluate the results by comparing myocardial T2* pre and post iron chelation therapy.Objectives: This study aims to obtain a profile of improvement in cardiac iron toxicity in adult thalassemia patients who need transfusion. This study also supports to see aggrement between improvement in myocardial T2* with improved serum ferritin level and transferrin saturation.Methods: pre and post test with retrospective secondary data in adult thalassemia patients requiring controlled transfusions in Kiara thalassemia clinic and hematology-medical oncology clinic Cipto Mangukusumo General Hospital. The study was conducted in July-Desember 2019. Data were obtained from medical records and thalassemia registry, which consisted of medical history, type of chelation, myocardial T2* within one year, serum ferritin level and transferrin saturation. Data analysis was performed in descriptive data and marginal homogeneity test and Kappa test.Results: A total of 115 patients were included in this study. There was an improvement of a myocardial T2* in 7.0% patients and persistently good (myocardial T2* remains >20 milliseconds) in 72.2%. There was no agreement between improvement in myocardial T2* with improvement in serum ferritin level (kappa value 0.044) and improvement in myocardial T2* with transferrin saturation (kappa value 0.011).Conclusion: Improvement of cardiac iron toxicity after iron chelation therapy was 7.0% and persistently good in 72.2%. There was no agreement between the improvement in myocardial T2* with improvement in serum ferritin level and transferrin saturation."

"Latar Belakang: Harapan hidup pasien thalasemia bergantung transfusi bertambah baik karena transfusi darah dan terapi kelasi besi yang sesuai. Penyakit jantung akibat toksisitas besi tetap menjadi penyebab utama kematian pada pasien thalasemia bergantung transfusi. MRI T2* jantung dapat mendeteksi dini toksisitas besi di jantung dan dapat mengevaluasi hasil pengobatan dengan membandingkan nilai T2* pra dan pasca terapi kelasi besi.Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan profil perbaikan toksisitas besi di jantung pada pasien thalasemia dewasa bergantung transfusi. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk melihat kesesuaian antara perbaikan nilai T2* jantung dengan perbaikan feritin serum dan saturasi transferin.Metode Penelitian: pre and post test dengan data sekunder retrospektif pada pasien dewasa thalasemia bergantung transfusi yang kontrol di poliklinik thalasemia Kiara dan poliklinik dewasa hematologi-onkologi medik RSUPN Cipto Mangukusumo. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli-Desember 2019. Data sekunder diperoleh dari rekam medis dan registri pasien thalasemia berupa riwayat medis, jenis obat kelasi besi, nilai T2* jantung satu tahun berturut-turut, kadar feritin serum dan saturasi transferin. Analisis data berupa data deskriptif dan uji marginal homogeneity serta uji kappa.Hasil: Sebanyak 115 pasien dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Terdapat perbaikan T2* jantung sebanyak 7,0% dan menetap baik (T2* jantung tetap >20 milidetik) sebanyak 72,2%. Tidak terdapat kesesuaian antara perbaikan nilai T2* jantung dengan perbaikan feritin serum (nilai kappa = 0,044) dan perbaikan nilai T2* jantung dengan saturasi transferin ( nilai kappa = 0,011).Simpulan: Perbaikan toksisitas besi di jantung pasca terapi kelasi besi sebanyak 7,0% dan menetap baik sebanyak 72,2%. Tidak terdapat kesesuaian antara perbaikan nilai T2* jantung dengan perbaikan kadar feritin serum dan saturasi transferin.

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Background: Life expectancy of the transfusion dependent thalassemia patients is getting better because of blood transfusion and appropriate iron chelation therapy. Heart disease due to iron toxicity remains the leading cause of death in thalassemia patients who need transfusion. MRI T2* can allow to detect premature iron toxicity in the heart and can evaluate the results by comparing myocardial T2* pre and post iron chelation therapy.Objectives: This study aims to obtain a profile of improvement in cardiac iron toxicity in adult thalassemia patients who need transfusion. This study also supports to see aggrement between improvement in myocardial T2* with improved serum ferritin level and transferrin saturation.Methods: pre and post test with retrospective secondary data in adult thalassemia patients requiring controlled transfusions in Kiara thalassemia clinic and hematology-medical oncology clinic Cipto Mangukusumo General Hospital. The study was conducted in July-Desember 2019. Data were obtained from medical records and thalassemia registry, which consisted of medical history, type of chelation, myocardial T2* within one year, serum ferritin level and transferrin saturation. Data analysis was performed in descriptive data and marginal homogeneity test and Kappa test.Results: A total of 115 patients were included in this study. There was an improvement of a myocardial T2* in 7.0% patients and persistently good (myocardial T2* remains >20 milliseconds) in 72.2%. There was no agreement between improvement in myocardial T2* with improvement in serum ferritin level (kappa value 0.044) and improvement in myocardial T2* with transferrin saturation (kappa value 0.011).Conclusion: Improvement of cardiac iron toxicity after iron chelation therapy was 7.0% and persistently good in 72.2%. There was no agreement between the improvement in myocardial T2* with improvement in serum ferritin level and transferrin saturation."

"Latar Belakang: Talasemia merupakan penyakit kelainan hemoglobin (Hb) dengan prevalensi tinggi di Indonesia maupun dunia. Komplikasi pada talasemia dapat terjadi akibat kadar Hb pre-transfusi yang rendah dan penumpukan feritin serum. Pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku yang baik terhadap suatu penyakit dibutuhkan untuk mencapai kesehatan yang diinginkan dan mencegah komplikasi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mencari hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku terhadap talasemia, Hb pre-transfusi dan kadar feritin serum pada pasien remaja talasemia karena mereka memiliki prevalensi tertinggi. Metode: Kuesioner pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku (PSP) melalui google form disebarkan untuk mendapatkan data dari pasien talasemia remaja yang memenuhi kriteria studi. Pengetahuan akan dibagi menjadi adekuat atau tidak adekuat, sikap dibagi menjadi positif atau negatif, perilaku dibagi menjadi baik atau buruk berdasarkan hasil skor kuesioner. Kadar Hb pre-transfusi dan feritin serum diambil dari rekam medik pasien, dan dikelompokkan menjadi Hb dan serum ferritin yang tinggi atau rendah. Hasil Penelitian: Dari 85 subjek, terdapat 49.4% pasien dengan pengetahuan adekuat, 91.8% pasien dengan sikap positif, dan 72.9% pasien dengan perilaku baik. Pasien masih kurang memahami fasilitas skrining dan pentingnya suplementasi vitamin. Pasien perlu meningkatkan sikap positif terhadap skrining thalassemia dan perilaku baik terhadap kepatuhan obat. Terdapat hubungan yang tidak bermakna secara statisik antara pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku terhadap kadar Hb pre-transfusi dan kadar ferritin (p >0.05) pada remaja dengan talasemia. Kesimpulan: Remaja talasemia di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo memiliki pengetahuan yang tidak adekuat, namun dengan sikap dan perilaku yang baik. Perlu adanya edukasi berkala untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan.

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Introduction: Thalassemia is a hemoglobin (Hb) disorder that has a high prevalence in Indonesia and the world. Complications in thalassemia can occur due to low pre-transfusion Hb and accumulation of serum ferritin. A good knowledge, attitude, and practice towards a disease are needed to achieve desired health outcomes and prevent complications. This study aims to find the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice towards thalassemia, pre-transfusion Hb, and serum ferritin levels in thalassemic adolescents as they have the highest prevalence. Methods: Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaire through google form were distributed to adolescent thalassemic patients who met the criteria. Knowledge will be divided into adequate or inadequate; attitudes are divided into positive or negative; practice is divided into good or bad based on the questionnaire results. Level of Pre-transfusion Hb and serum ferritin were taken from the patient's medical record and grouped into high or low Hb and ferritin. Result: Out of 85 subjects, there were 49.4% patients with adequate knowledge, 91.8% patients with positive attitude, and 72.9% patients with good practice. Patients still lack understanding of screening facilities and the importance of vitamin supplementation. Patients need to increase positive attitude towards thalassemia screening and good behavior towards treatment adherence. There was a statistically insignificant relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice on thalassemia with pre-transfusion Hb and serum ferritin (p > 0.05) in thalassemic adolescents. Conclusion: Thalassemic adolescents at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital have inadequate knowledge, but with good attitudes and behavior. Periodic education is needed to increase knowledge."

"Latar belakang. Gagal jantung dan aritmia merupakan penyebab kematian tersering pada penderita thalassemia R. Gangguan fungsi jantung, khususnya disfungsi diastolik merupakan komplikasi dini pada jantung akibat muatan besi berlebih (iron overload). Kadar feritin serum sampai saat ini masih secara luas digunakan sebagai parameter muatan besi berlebih (iron overload).Tujuan. Mengetahui perbedaan kadar feritin serum antara penderita thalassemia j3 dewasa yang mengalami dan tidak mengalami disfungsi diastolik ventrikel kiri, dan mengetahui besar proporsi disfungsi diastolik pada penderita thalassemia 13 dewasa.Metodologi. Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang untuk melihat perbedaan kadar feritin serum (sebagai parameter iron overload) pada penderita thalassemia 13 dewasa yang mengalami disfungsi diastolik dibandingkan dengan yang tanpa disfungsi diastolik, serta untuk mendapatkan proporsi disfungsi diastolik pada penderita thalassemia 3 dewasa. Analisis terhadap variabel-variabel yang diteliti menggunakan uji-1 independen untuk mendapatkan perbedaan rerata kadar feritin serum antara kedua kelompok.Hasil. Dari penelitian ini 30 orang penderita thalassemia 13 dewasa, laki-laki 13 orang, perempuan 17 orang, didapatkan rerata usia 25,9 tahun dengan rentang usia antara 18-38 tahun. Rerata Hb sebesar (7,5g%, SB I,4g%) dengan rentang kadar Hb antara 5,2 - 9,9 g%. Rerata kadar feritin serum sebesar (5590ng1m1, SB 4614,7 nglml) dengan rentang kadar, feritin antara 296,4 - 15900 nglml. Tidak terdapat perbedaan rerata kadar feritin antara penderita yang mengalami disfungsi diastolik dibandingkan dengan yang tidak mengalami disfungsi diastolik. Proporsi disfungsi diastolik pada thalassemia 13 dewasa pada penelitian ini sebesar 70%.Kesimpulan. Tidak terdapat perbedaan rerata kadar feritin antara penderita yang mengalami disfungsi diastolik dibandingkan dengan yang tidak mengalami disfungsi diastolik. Proporsi disfungsi diastolik pada thalassemia 13 dewasa pada penelitian ini sebesar 70%.

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Background. Heart failure and aritmia is the major cause of death in 3 thalassemia major. Heart dysfunction, especially diastolic dysfunction in ji thalassemia seems to be an early involvement of the heart due to iron overload. Serum ferritin level as a parameter of iron overload still widely use for evaluation in 13 thalassemia.

Objectives. To know the mean difference of serum ferritin level between adult 13 thalassemia patients who have left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and who do not have Ieft ventricular diastolic dysfunction, and to obtain the proportion of diastolic dysfunction in adult 13 thalassemia patients.

Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted to see the mean difference of Serum ferritin. IeVel'(as a parameter of iron overload) in adult P'thalassemia who have left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and who do not have left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and to know the proportion of diastolic dysfunction among adult 13 thalassemia. The independent t-test was used to analyze the variables to obtain the mean difference of serum ferritin level between the two groups.

Results. Thirty adult P thalassemia patients, 13 were male and 17 were female had been enrolled into this study. The age of the patients ranged from 18 to 38 years old, and the average-age was 25,9 years. The Hb level ranged from 5,2 to 9,9 g% and the mean was (7,5g%, SD 1,4g°/o). The serum ferritin level ranged from 296,4 to 15900 nglml, and the mean was (5590ng/ml, SD 4614,7 nglml). There was no significance mean difference serum ferritin level in patients who had diastolic dysfunction and those who do not have diastolic dysfunction. The proportion of diastolic dysfunction in adult 13 thalassemia patients in this study was 70%.

Conclusions. There was no significannce mean difference serum ferritin level in patients who had. diastolic dysfunction and those. who. did, not have diastolic dysfunction . The proportion of diastolic dysfunction in adult thalassemia 3 patients in this study was 70%."

"Latar Belakang: Infeksi merupakan penyebab kematian yang penting pada thalassemia. Peningkatan risiko infeksi disebabkan oleh banyak faktor antara lain karena kelebihan besi dan splenektomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan fungsi fagositosis monosit pada pasien thalassemia mayor pasca splenektomi dan non splenektomi serta mengetahui hubungan fungsi fagositosis monosit dengan kadar feritin serum. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan di Departemen Patologi Klinik RSCM, Jakarta pada September 2013 ? Februari 2014. Desain penelitian potong lintang, dengan subjek penelitian pasien thalassemia mayor, terdiri dari 58 subjek pasca splenektomi dan 58 subjek non splenektomi yang telah dilakukan macthing umur dan jenis kelamin. Dilakukan pemeriksaan fagositosis monosit menggunakan E.coli yang telah diopsonisasi dan dilabel FITC sebagai target, (PhagotestTM) dan diperiksa dengan flow cytometry BD FACSCalibur. Kadar feritin serum diperiksa dengan Cobas e 601. Hasil: Median fagositosis monosit pada 58 subjek pasca splenektomi 5,03 (0,17 ? 22,79) %, dan pada 58 subjek non splenektomi 7,09 (0,11 ? 27,24) %, dan nilai p > 0.05. Kadar feritin serum pada subjek pasca splenektomi 6.724 (644,60 ? 21.835) ng/mL dan subjek non splenektomi 4.702,50 (1.381 ? 14.554) ng/mL, dan nilai p < 0.05. Hasil uji korelasi fungsi fagositosis monosit dengan kadar feritin didapatkan r = 0.13 (nilai p = 1.00). Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara fungsi fagositosis monosit pada pasien thalassemia mayor pasca splenektomi dan non splenektomi. Kadar feritin serum pada pasien thalassemia mayor pasca splenektomi lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan non splenektomi. Tidak didapatkan hubungan antara fagositosis monosit dengan kadar feritin serum.

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Background: Infection is an important cause of death in thalassemia. Increase of risk of infection could be due to iron overload and post-splenectomy. The study aimed to determine the difference of phagocytosis function of monocyte between post-splenectomized and non- splenectomized patients with thalassemia major, and the correlation of phagocytosis function of monocyte and serum ferritin level.

Methods: The study was conducted in Department of Clinical Pathology Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital, Jakarta, in September 2013 ? Februari 2014. It was a cross sectional study. The study subjects consisted of 58 post-splenectomized patients and 58 non-splenectomized patients with age and sex matching. Phagocytosis function of monocyte was determined using E.coli opsonized and labelled with FITC as target, (Phagotest TM) and was measured by flow cytometry BD FACSCalibur. Serum ferritin level was measured using Cobas e 601.

Result: Median phagocytosis of monocyte was 5,03 (0,17 ? 22,79) %, in 58 post- splenectomized subjects and 7,09 (0,11 ? 27,24) % in non-splenectomized subjects; p value > 0.05. Serum ferritin level was 6.274 (644,60 ? 21.835) ng/mL in post-splenectomized subjects and 4.702,50 (1.381 - 14.554) ng/mL in non-splenectomy subjects; p value < 0.05. The correlation between phagocytosis function of monocyte and serum ferritin level was r = 0.13 ( p value = 1.00).

Conclusion: There was no statistical difference of phagocytosis function of monocyte between post-splenectomized subjects and non-splenectomized subjects. Serum ferritin level in post- splenectomized was higher than non-splenectomized subjects. There was no correlation between phagocytosis function of monocyte and serum ferritin level."

"Introduction. Thalassemia is one of the hemoglobin disorders with high prevalence worldwide and in Indonesia. A continuous red blood cells transfusion can result in accumulation of iron in the body and stored as ferritin. The excessive iron is removed using iron chelation therapy where a good compliance to iron chelators is required for desirable outcomes. Hence, this study aims to find the association between patients’ compliance to oral iron chelators (Deferasirox and Deferiprone) and serum ferritin level in adolescent thalassemia patients as they have been known to be non-compliant towards their medication.Methods. Questionnaire and patient diary card were distributed to adolescent thalassemia patients who had fulfilled exclusion and inclusion criteria. Subjects were divided into poor and good compliance based on the result of patient diary card which were filled for 30 days. Based on Adherence Barrier Questionnaire (ABQ), high and low ABQ score were obtained. The serum ferritin level pre- and post-study was obtained from patients’ medical record. The association between patients’ compliance from the diary card report was assessed using SPSS along with identification of adherence barriers and questionnaire’s total score from the ABQ result.Results. Out of 29 subjects, from the result of patient diary card, there were 72% subjects with poor compliance and 28% subjects with good compliance. Based on ABQ result, there were 4.8% subjects with high ABQ score and 55.2% subjects with low ABQ score. There was a statistically significant correlation between ABQ score and serum ferritin level difference pre- and post-study (ρ = -0.394, p = 0.034). The correlation between patient’s compliance from diary card and serum ferritin level was insignificant (ρ = -0.040, p = 0.838). Based on ABQ result, it was found that forgetfulness, patients’ attitude towards their regiments, and fear of side effects are barriers towards patients’ compliance for iron chelators.Conclusion. There is a correlation between patients’ compliance and serum ferritin level based on the result of ABQ.

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Pendahuluan. Talasemia adalah salah satu kelainan hemoglobin dengan prevalensi tinggi di dunia dan di Indonesia. Transfusi darah dalam jangka waktu panjang menyebabkan penumpukan zat besi dalam tubuh yang disimpan sebagai feritin serum. Zat besi yang berlebihan dikeluarkan dengan terapi kelasi besi, dimana dibutuhkan kepatuhan yang baik terhadap obat kelasi besi agar hasil pengobatan baik. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mencari hubungan antara kepatuhan pasien terhadap obat kelasi besi oral (Deferasiroks dan Deferipron) dengan jumlah feritin serum pada pasien talasemia remaja karena remaja dikenal sering tidak patuh terhadap pengobatan mereka.

Metode. Kuesioner dan buku diari disebarkan untuk mengumpulkan data dari pasien talasemia remaja yang memenuhi kriteria eksklusi dan inklusi. Subjek dibagi menjadi kepatuhan baik dan buruk berdasarkan hasil buku diari yang diisi selama 30 hari. Berdasarkan hasil Adherence Barrier Questionnaire (ABQ), didapatkan skor ABQ tinggi dan rendah. Jumlah feritin serum sebelum dan sesudah studi diambil dari rekam medik pasien. Hubungan antara kepatuhan pasien berdasarkan buku diari dinilai menggunakan SPSS bersamaan dengan identifikasi penghambat kepatuhan dan skor total kuesioner berdasarkan hasil ABQ.

Hasil. Dari 29 subjek, berdasarkan hasil buku diari, terdapat 72% subjek dengan kepatuhan yang baik dan 28% subjek dengan kepatuhan yang buruk. Berdasarkan hasil ABQ, terdapat 44.8% subjek dengan skor ABQ tinggi dan 55.2% subjek dengan skor ABQ rendah. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara skor ABQ dan perbedaan feritin serum sebelum dan sesudah studi (ρ = -0.394, p = 0.034). Sementara itu, hubungan antara kepatuhan pasien bedasarkan buku diari dengan perbedaan jumlah feritin serum tidak bermakna (ρ = -0.040, p = 0.838). Ditemukan bahwa lupa, sikap pasien terhadap obatnya, dan ketakutan terhadap efek samping adalah penghalang kepatuhan pasien terhadap obat kelasi besi berdasarkan hasil respon dari ABQ.

Kesimpulan. Terdapat hubungan antara kepatuhan pasien dengan jumlah feritin serum berdasarkan hasil ABQ.

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"Background: routine blood transfusion in transfusion-dependent-thalassemia (TDT) causes iron accumulation in various organ. Serum markers of iron overload, serum ferritin and transferrin saturation, are sensitive but not specific. MRI T2-star (T2*) is valuable for detecting iron level in organs. This study aimed to explore the degree of iron overload in various organs, iron deposition difference between children and adults, also its correlation with serum marker of iron overload. Methods: this was a cross-sectional study of TDT patients who had been evaluated by MRI T2* examination in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from 2014 to 2018. Results: a total of 546 subjects was included in this study. The number of subjects between children and adults was almost equal. Most of subjects had normal cardiac iron deposition. The difference of cardiac iron overload between children and adults was significant (p=0.009). Liver evaluation showed that most of subjects had moderate to severe iron overload. This difference between children and adults was significant (p=0.017). Pancreas evaluation showed that either children or adults mostly had mild pancreatic iron overload. Analysis of T2* showed that pancreatic iron deposition progressed with increasing age. Serum ferritin had weak correlation with heart T2* MRI, moderate correlation with pancreas and liver T2* MRI. Relationship between transferrin saturation and T2* MRI was extremely weak. Conclusion: cardiac and hepatic iron deposition between children and adults differ significantly. Liver has the greatest iron overload, followed by pancreas and heart. Iron deposition in liver and pancreas has been started from earlier age. Pancreatic iron deposition rises with increasing age. Serum ferritin and transferrin saturation should not be used solely to predict iron overload in various organs. We suggest that MRI evaluation must be conducted at least once to assess iron deposition in organs.

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Latar belakang: transfusi darah berulang pada pasien thalassemia menyebabkan penumpukan besi pada berbagai organ. Penanda serum untuk kelebihan besi, yaitu feritin serum dan saturasi transferin, bersifat sensitif tetapi tidak spesifik. MRI T2-star (T2*) sangat penting untuk mendeteksi kadar besi pada berbagai organ. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui derajat hemosiderosis pada berbagai organ, perbedaan derajat penumpukkan besi antara anak dan dewasa, serta korelasinya dengan penanda serum untuk kelebihan besi. Metode: penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang terhadap pasien thalassemia yang membutuhkan transfusi rutin. Pasien-pasien tersebut menjalani pemeriksaan MRI T2* di RS Cipto Mangunkusumo sejak 2014 - 2018. Hasil: sebanyak 546 subyek terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Jumlah subyek anak dan dewasa setara. Pada umumnya, penumpukan besi di jantung masih dalam batas normal. Perbedaan derajat hemosiderosis jantung antara anak dan dewasa signifikan (p=0.009). Evaluasi organ hati menunjukkan umumnya pasien mengalami hemosiderosis sedang-berat, dengan perbedaan antara anak dan dewasa yang signifikan (p=0.017). Evaluasi organ pankreas menunjukkan umumnya pasien mengalami hemosiderosis ringan dan penumpukan besi di pankreas terus meningkat dengan bertambahnya usia. Kadar feritin serum mempunyai korelasi yang lemah dengan hasil MRI T2* jantung, korelasi sedang dengan hasil MRI T2* hati dan pankreas. Korelasi saturasi transferin dengan hasil MRI T2* pada berbagai organ sangatlah lemah. Kesimpulan: terdapat perbedaan derajat hemosiderosis di jantung dan hati yang signifikan antara anak dan dewasa. Hati merupakan organ dengan penumpukan besi terbanyak, diikuti oleh pankreas dan jantung. Penumpukan besi di hati dan pankreas sudah terjadi sejak anak-anak. Penumpukkan besi di pankreas terus meningkat dengan bertambahnya usia. Kadar feritin serum dan saturasi transferin tidak boleh digunakan secara tunggal untuk menilai derajat hemosiderosis di berbagai organ. Kami menyarankan agar pemeriksaan MRI T2* minimal dilakukan 1 kali untuk mengetahui penumpukan besi di organ."