ABSTRAK
Nama : Karmellia Nikke DarnestiProgram Studi : Ilmu Kesehatan MasyarakatJudul : Analisis Kinerja Unit Pelayanan Gigi Puskesmas Kelurahan diWilayah Kecamatan Koja Jakarta Utara Tahun 2018Pembimbing : Prastuti Soewondo, S.E., MPH., Ph.DLebih dari 50% penduduk di Indonesia memiliki permasalahan gigi dan mulut, ironisnyaberdasarkan Riskesdas 2018, hanya sekitar 10% yang mampu mendapat akses ke layanankesehatan gigi. Rifaskes 2011 mengindikasikan cakupan program usaha kesehatan gigiberbasis masyarakat di puskesmas masih sangat rendah, termasuk di wilayah DKI Jakarta.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan kajian atas kinerja unit pelayanan gigipuskesmas kelurahan di wilayah Kecamatan Koja. Pendekatan wawancara mendalam,observasi, dan telaah dokumen dilakukan pada dua jenis unit pelayanan gigi yang ada dipuskesmas kelurahan wilayah Kecamatan Koja. Terdapat dua skema, yaitu Pola I yangmemiliki dokter gigi saja dan Pola III memiliki dokter gigi dan terapis gigi. Hasilpenelitian menyatakan bahwa unit pelayanan gigi pola III memiliki kinerja pelayanan gigiyang lebih baik karena dapat menangani lebih banyak pasien dan tindakan, serta dapatmemenuhi program Usaha Kesehatan Gigi Sekolah (UKGS) dan Upaya Kesehatan GigiMasyarakat (UKGM). Sebaliknya, unit pelayanan gigi pola I hanya dapat memenuhiprogram UKGS dan menangani jumlah pasien yang lebih sedikit. Adanya kompetisiwaktu antara program kesehatan gigi masyarakat dan poli gigi membuat dokter gigikesulitan memenuhi semua pelayanan gigi. Pelaksanaan program UKGS maupun UKGMyang dipenuhi hanya terbatas pada penyuluhan singkat dan pemeriksaan sederhana yangdilaksanakan sekedar memenuhi target. Akibatnya, permasalahan gigi dapat terusberkembang menjadi penyakit yang semakin parah dan membutuhkan perawatan lebihkompleks. Hasil kajian juga menguak bahwa tindakan mayoritas, yaitu mumifikasi,kurang sesuai dengan standar perawatan yang dibutuhkan karena keterbatasan sumberdaya. Disamping itu, tugas manajemen puskesmas ternyata menambah beban kerja doktergigi dan mempengaruhi kinerja unit pelayanan gigi. Kolaborasi dokter gigi dengan terapisgigi akan meningkatkan kinerja unit pelayanan gigi karena dapat mengakomodasikenaikan permintaan pelayanan, membantu melaksanakan semua upaya kesehatan gigi,dan meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan dalam era Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN).Kata kunci: kinerja, pelayanan gigi, puskesmas, dokter gigi, terapis gigiABSTRACT
Name : Karmellia Nikke DarnestiStudy Program : Public Health ScienceTitle : Analysis of Dental Medical Unit Performance in PuskesmasKelurahan at Koja District North Jakarta 2018Counsellor : Prastuti Soewondo, S.E., MPH., Ph.DMore than 50% of the population in Indonesia were reported to have dental problems,ironically based on Riskesdas 2018, only around 10% are able to get access to dentalservices. Rifaskes 2011 has indicated the coverage of the community-based oral healthprogram at the Puskesmas is quietly low, even in the DKI Jakarta. This study aims toanalyze the performance of the dental medical unit at the puskesmas kelurahan in KojaDistrict area. The approach is through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentstudies were carried out on two types of dental medical units that mostly be divided intoPattern I with only dentist and Pattern III which have dentist and dental therapist. Theresults of the study indicated that Pattern III had higher dental service performanceprimarily because it could handle more patients and type of treatments also could carryout School-based Oral Health (UKGS) and Community-based Oral Health (UKGM)programs. In contrast, Pattern I only fulfill the UKGS program and handle fewer patients.Clash of time between community-based program and dental poly makes it difficult fordentists to fulfill all dental services. The implementation of the UKGS and UKGMprograms which only brief counseling and screening tended merely meet the targets sothat dental problems become more severe then require more complex treatments. Thestudy also revealed that the mummification, which were among the most frequenttreatment, were not in accordance with the standard of care due to limited resources. Inaddition, management duties within puskesmas adds further workload of dentists andinfluenced the performance of dental service. Dentist collaboration with dental therapistwill improve the performance of the dental service, allowing them to accommodate theincrease in demand, support implementation of all dental health efforts, and improvedental service quality in the era of National Health Insurance (JKN).Keywords : dental services; performance; puskesmas; dentist; dental therapist"