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"An unpolarized light beam will change to a linear polarized beam by using a polarizing filter. In turn the linear polarized beam can be rotated in an active medium such as glass if a magnetic field exists. This phenomenon, which is known as Faraday effect, is there for can used as a current sensor. In this experiment, the current to be measured was flowed in Helmohltz coils where a homogeneous magnetic field was generated. Bismuth and Flumbo alloys were used as glass medium. An analyzer detected the linear polarized beam came from the glass. The analyzer was adjustable and has a capability to detect a light signal up to 1 mill radian per degree. The values of the rotation of the polarized light beams in the active medium were determined by Verdet's constant. The characteristics of the glasses were represented by plotted curves of rotation angle versus the wavelengths of the light beam, which shows parabolic form. The sensing current by Faraday effect shows a linear feature of rotation angle with respects to the current value, as predicted by the theory. The result also shows that the glass of Bismuth alloy is more sensitive than the Plumbo alloy."

"Konsumsi kafein sudah menjadi hal yang umum dikalangan masyarakat, begitu juga pada pada mahasiswa. Mereka mengkonsumsi kafein untuk berbagai alasan seperti untuk mengatasi rasa kantuk, meningkatkan semangat, menambah kesegaran, vitalitas, dan bahkan ada yang mengkonsumsi kafein sebagai minuman harian tanpa memperhatikan efek negatif yang akan ditimbulkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa terhadap bahaya konsumsi kafein bagi kesehatan dengan frekuensi konsumsi kafein. Metoda yang digunakan adalah deskriptif korelatif yang diambil secara purposive sampling. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia yang mengkonsumsi kafein. Data primer diperoleh dari 77 responden dengan menggunakan kuesioner.Hasil Penelitian didapatkan tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa terhadap bahaya konsumsi kafein bagi kesehatan dengan frekuensi konsumsi kafein dengan nilai p.Value 0,866 (α 0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah frekuensi konsumsi kafein tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan tetapa kemungkinan ada faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi seperti lingkungan, media masa, metivasi dan persepsi tentang kafein, dsb. Penelitian ini sangat merekomendasikan untuk melakukan penelitian pada populasi yang lebih luas sehingga lebih mempresentasikan keadaan yang sebenarnya."

"Artikel ini membahas mengenai peran keluarga dan kelompok pertemanan dalam perilaku kekerasan remaja. Terdapat dua kelompok studi sebelumnya yang telah membahas ini. Kelompok studi pertama melihat faktor utama remaja menjadi pelaku kekerasan dikarenakan struktur dan fungsi keluarga yang tidak berjalan dengan baik. Sedangkan, pada kelompok studi kedua memandang bahwa kelompok pertemanan menjadi faktor utama remaja sebagai pelaku. Kelemahan dari kedua kelompok studi sebelumnya adalah studi tersebut hanya menjelaskan pada satu aspek saja dan tidak melihat bahwa terdapat relasi antara kedua faktor tersebut. Berdasarkan pendekatan ekologi, argumen pada penelitian ini adalah terdapat relasi keluarga dan kelompok pertemanan dalam perilaku kekerasan remaja. Studi ini dilakukan di Rumah Perlindungan Sosial Anak dan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Informan penelitian ini adalah pelaku kekerasan berusia 10-18 tahun dan tinggal di RPSA. Selain itu, peneliti juga menggunakan data sekunder dari penelitian sebelumnya. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa relasi sendiri terlihat dengan adanya pandangan nilai kekerasan yang sama dari keluarga dan kelompok pertemanan yang mendorong remaja melakukan kekerasan. Selain itu, relasi keluarga dan kelompok pertemanan juga dilanggengkan dengan kondisi lingkungan tempat tinggal, hubungan keluarga dengan lingkungan sekitarnya dan pekerjaan orangtua. Budaya kekerasan di tempat tinggal dan kebijakan pemerintah juga mempunyai implikasi pada perilaku kekerasan remaja.

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This article discusses about role of family and peer groups in adolescent as perpetrators of violence. There are two previous study groups that discussed adolescents as perpetrators of violence. The first group discussed that the main factor of adolescent become perpetrators of violence is because the instability stucture and family didn't do function of the family well. Meanwhile, the second group found that deviant peer is the main reason of adolescent become perpetrators of violence. The weakness from both previous studies are they're only explains from one point of view and didn't see that the two factors are essentially related.

Based on ecological approach, the argument in this study that there is a relations between family and peer groups in adolescents as perpetrators of violence. The study was conducted at the Rumah Perlindungan Sosial Anak and used a qualitative approach. The informants are adolescent between 10 18 years old who lives in RPSA. This research also used secondary data from previous studies.

This research found that the relation is seen from both family and peer groups point of view of violence that ecourage adolescent become prepetrator of violence. Neighborhood community context, family social networks, and parent's occupation context also effect adolescent as perpetrators of violence. Neighborhood's culture of violence and overnment policy also have contribution in adolescent as prepatrators of violence."

"The proliferation of converged products in today’s marketplace has become inevitable as it lends manufacturer an edge over competitors. One of the lingering questions when it comes to developing a new converged product is what new functionality should be added to the base product. This study investigates the goal congruence effects in terms of utilitarian versus hedonic value and the complementary effects of the base product and the added functionality. It is proposed and found that there is asymmetric effect in the value addition of added functionality with a utilitarian versus hedonic base. While converged products with a utilitarian base gain more from adding an incongruent, hedonic functionality than congruent, utilitarian one, converged products with a hedonic base gain less from adding an incongruent, utilitarian addition than a congruent, hedonic one. Furthermore, this study also examines the effects of complementary relationship between base product and added functionality. The complementary addition elicits higher value addition than non-complementary addition irrespective of the utilitarian versus hedonic value of base product and added functionality. Implications of those findings for any new product developers are presented along with suggestions for further research.

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The proliferation of converged products in today’s marketplace has become inevitable as it lends manufacturer an edge over competitors. One of the lingering questions when it comes to developing a new converged product is what new functionality should be added to the base product. This study investigates the goal congruence effects in terms of utilitarian versus hedonic value and the complementary effects of the base product and the added functionality. It is proposed and found that there is asymmetric effect in the value addition of added functionality with a utilitarian versus hedonic base. While converged products with a utilitarian base gain more from adding an incongruent, hedonic functionality than congruent, utilitarian one, converged products with a hedonic base gain less from adding an incongruent, utilitarian addition than a congruent, hedonic one. Furthermore, this study also examines the effects of complementary relationship between base product and added functionality. The complementary addition elicits higher value addition than non-complementary addition irrespective of the utilitarian versus hedonic value of base product and added functionality. Implications of those findings for any new product developers are presented along with suggestions for further research."

"ABSTRAKStudi pengaruh konsumsi temps sebagai sumber besi dan sang terhadap pencegahan diare telah dilakukan pada kelinci yang diinokulasi dengan E. coli. Lima puluh satu ekor kelinci jantan berumur 8 minggu dibagi dalam tiga grup. Kelinci-kelinci tersebut masing-masing ditempatkan dalam sebuah kandang yang terbuat dari bambu, makan dan minum diberikan ad libitum.Selama lima minggu, dua dari tiga grup diberi ransum 25 % dari kebutuhan normal sehari per ekor. Maksudnya supaya kelinci-kelinci tersebut menjadi kelaparan Grup kedelai dan grup tempe kemudian masing-masing diberi ransum kedelai dan ransum tempe selama empat minggu. Pada akhir minggu keempat ketiga grup tersebut diinokulasi dengan bakteri E. coli serotipe 0126K71(B)F12 sebanyak 2x2x108 koloni. Berat badan, kandungan seng dan besi dalam serum serta sIgA dari kelinci-kelinci tersebut ditentukan setiap akhir periode adaptasi, periode kelaparan, periode eksperimen dan beberapa hari setelah periode infeksi.Hasilnya adalah sebagai berikut:Berat badan, kandungan seng dan besi serum dari ketiga grup, sama pada akhir periode adaptasi. Berat badan dan kandungan besi dan seng dalam ransum grup kedelai dan grup tempe turun pada akhir periode kelaparan. Penurunan tersebut disebabkan karena ransumnya dikurangi.Berat badan grup kedelai dan grup tempe masing masing naik 35 % dan 41 % pada akhir periode eksperimen. Kenaikan berat badan dari kedua grup tersebut berbeda nyata. Kandungan seng dan besi serum grup tempe lebih tinggi dari pada grup kedelai. Hal ini mungkin karena absorpsi seng dan besi lebih baik pada grup tempe dari pada grup kedelai.

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ABSTRACT

Regular consumption of tempe as a source of iron and zinc on preventing diarrhoea of rabbits inoculated with E. coli has been studied.

Fifty one male rabbits, 8 weeks of age were divided into three groups. All the rabbits were housed individually in bamboo cages, feed and drink were given ad libitum. During the following 5 weeks, 2 of the 3 groups were fed only 25 % of the average normal daily intake to cause starvation.

Soybean and tempe groups (of the starved rabbits) were fed with soybean and tempe rations respectively for four weeks before being infected. All groups including the control group at the end of the experimental period were inoculated with 2x2x1O8 colonies of erlterotoxigenic E.Coli serotype O126K71(B)H2. Body weight, serumzinc and iron contents and sIgA of all the rabbits were determined at the end of the adaptation, starvation, experimental and infection periods.

The results were as follows:

During the adaptation period the feed intake was the same. The feed intake during the starvation period decreased to 25 % per rabbit per day for two groups. The feed intake of the soybean and tempe groups during the experimental period were almost the same, but changed during the infection period.

Body weight, serum zinc and iron of the three groups were similar at the end of the adaptation period. Body weight, serum zinc and iron in two groups were reduced proportionally at the end of the starvation period.The decrease was caused by the reduction of the standard ration.

The body weight of the soybean and tempe groups increased with 35 % and 41 % respectively, at the end of the experimental period. The increase of the body weight between those two groups was significantly different. The serum zinc and iron of the tempe group were significantly higher than that of the soybean group."