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Rininta Aprilia
"Latar Belakang: Penggunaan material graft sintetik (alloplast) berbentuk pasta telah menjadi alternatif untuk meregenerasi defek tulang dengan akses yang sulit. BATAN saat ini telah memproduksi pasta graft tulang Injectable Bone Xenograft (IBX), Injectable Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan (IHA-C), dan Injectable Hydroxyapatite (IHA). Namun, biokompatibillitas produk-produk tersebut belum teruji secara in vitro.
Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemberian pasta IBX, IHA-C, dan IHA terhadap aktivitas sel osteoblas yang di kultur secara in vitro dengan mengukur indikator regenerasi tulang yaitu fosfatase alkali.
Metode: Sel osteoblas (MG 63) yang diambil dari sediaan nitrogen cair dikultur dalam medium kultur lengkap dalam inkubator selama 48 jam (5% CO2, 37oC). Selanjutnya kelompok perlakuan dipaparkan pasta graft tulang IBX, IHA-C, dan IHA dengan konsentrasi 1%, 0,5%, dan 0,25%, sedangkan kelompok tanpa pemaparan pasta graft tulang digunakan sebagai kontrol. Setelah 1 hari, 3 hari, 5 hari, dan 7 hari supernatant kultur diambil dan dilakukan pengukuran kadar fosfatase alkali secara kolorimetri. Data yang diperlukan selanjutnya dianalisis secara statistik dengan menggunakan tes Kruskal Walis dan Mann Whitney.
Hasil kadar fosfatase alkali tertinggi ditemukan pada hari ke-5. Kelompok yang diberi pasta IBX, kadar fosfatase alkali tertinggi adalah dengan pemberian konsentrasi 0,25%. Pada dua kelompok lainnya, yaitu osteoblast yang diberi paparan 1% pasta IHA-C dan pasta IHA pada konsentrasi 0,25%; kadar fosfatase alkali ditemukan tertinggi pada masing-masing kelompoknya. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik perbedaan tersebut ditemukan tidak bermakna.
Simpulan: Konsentrasi pasta graft tulang dan waktu kultur dapat mempengaruhi aktivitas osteoblas dalam memproduksi fosfatase alkali secara in vitro. Pasta IBX, IHA-C, dan IHA dengan konsentrasi 1%, 0,5%, dan 0,25% mampu menginduksi kultur sel osteoblast dalam memproduksi fosfatase alkali, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna bila dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Hasil ini menujukkan, bahwa ketiga pasta graft tulang tersebut memiliki potensi untuk menginduksi aktivitas osteoblas yang sama dengan kontrol.

Background: The use of synthetic graft material (Alloplast) in paste form has become an alternative to repair bone defect with difficult access. BATAN now has produced bone graft paste in the form of Injectable Bone Xenograft (IBX), Injectable Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan (IHA-C), and Injectable Hydroxyapatite (IHA) bone graft paste. However, the biocompatibility of these products has not yet been tested (in vitro).
Objective: to analyse alkaline phosphatase as one of the indicators of bone regeneration on osteoblast cells line due to the exposure of IBX, IHA-C, and IHA.
Method: Osteoblast cells line (MG 63) was taken from liquid nitrogen and cultured in complete culture medium for 48 hours (5% CO2, 37ºC). After that, the test groups were exposed to IBX, IHA-C, and IHA with concentration 1%, 0.5%, and 0.25%, meanwhile the non exposed bone graft paste group is used as control group. After 1,3,5, and 7 days, supernatants are taken and the alkaline phosphatase rate was measured with colorimetric test. Moreover, acquired data are analyzed statistically using Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney test.
Result: The highest level of alkaline phosphatase was found on the fifth day. For IBX paste, the highest level of alkaline phosphatase is at 0.25% concentration. The other groups which are IHA-C 1% and IHA 0.25% paste possess the highest alkaline phosphatase concentration. It did not show a significant difference by using Mann Whitney statistic analysis.
Conclusion: The concentration of bone graft paste and duration of culture could affect osteoblast activity in vitro by producing alkaline phosphatase. IBX, IHA-C, and IHA paste with concentration 1%, 0.5%, and 0.25% could induce osteoblast cell culture by producing alkaline phosphatase. However, there is no significant differences compare to the control group. It showed that the three bone graft paste had the same ability with the control group."
Depok: Universitas Indonesia, 2008
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UI - Skripsi Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Hasti Raissa
"Latar Belakang: Karies gigi merupakan penyakit gigi dan mulut yang terbanyak di Indonesia dan dapat dicegah dengan cara menjaga kebersihan mulut salah satunya menyikat gigi yang dapat menurunkan bakteri Streptococcus mutan. Bakteri ini akan membentuk plak dan menghasilkan asam yang dapat menyebabkan demineralisasi jaringan keras gigi.
Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan kuantitas bakteri Streptococcus mutan pada plak gigi antara menyikat gigi sebelum dan sesudah makan terhadap subjek yang berumur 19-22 tahun.
Metode: Desain pada penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metode crossover. Pengambilan data dilakukan terhadap 20 orang subjek, yang mana dibagi secara random alokasi menjadi dua kelompok yang masing-masing akan dilakukan perlakuan menyikat gigi sebelum dan setelah makan dengan waktu washout selama seminggu.
Hasil: Analisis statistik mengunakan metode uji mann-whitney diperoleh p-value 0,598 yang menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan kuantitas bakteri Streptococcus mutan pada plak gigi yang signifikan antara menyikat gigi sebelum dan sesudah makan. Akan tetapi kuantitas bakteri Streptococcus mutan pada plak gigi dengan menyikat gigi sebelum makan yaitu 193.333 CFU/ml lebih besar di bandingkan bakteri Streptococcus mutan pada plak gigi dengan menyikat gigi setelah makan sebanyak 180.000 CFU/ml.
Kesimpulan: Kuantitas bakteri Streptococcus mutan pada plak gigi dengan perlakuan menyikat gigi setelah makan lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan menyikat gigi sebelum makan. Akan tetapi dari analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan kuantitas bakteri Streptococcus mutan pada plak yang signifikan antara menyikat gigi sebelum dan sesudah makan.

Background: Dental caries is the most dental and oral disease in Indonesia and can be prevented by maintaining oral hygiene, one way is by toothbrushing which can reduce the bacteria Streptococcus mutan. These bacteria will become dental plaque and produce acid which can causes demineralization of hard tissue.
Objective: To determine the different in the numbers of bacteria Streptococcus mutan in dental plaques between toothbrushing before and after eating in 19-22 years.
Method: The design of this study using the crossover. Data retrieval was carried out on 20 subjects, which were randomized allocation in two groups with washout time for a week.
Results: Analysis statistic using the mann-whitney test obtained p-value 0.598 that there was no significant difference between brushing teeth before and after eating. However, the number of bacteria Streptococcus mutan on dental by toothbushing before eating is 193,333 CFU/ml bigger than the number of bacteria Streptococcus mutan on dental plaque by toothbushing after eating is 180,000 CFU/ml.
Conclusion: The number of bacteria Streptococcus mutan on dental plaque by toothbrushing after eating was less than the group brushing before eating. However, the results from analysis statistic showed that there is no statistically significant difference between the numbers of bacteria Streptococcus mutan brushing teeth before and after eating.
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Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2018
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Karina Rizki Muladi
"Latar belakang: Penyebab stunting bersifat multifaktorial, salah satu faktor risikonya adalah malnutrisi kronis akibat kurangnya asupan protein. Kurangnya asupan protein dapat menyebabkan terjadi penurunan IGF-1, yaitu salah satu faktor pertumbuhan penting dalam pembangunan sel tubuh. IGF-1 juga memiliki peran dalam perkembangan kompleks dentoalveolar, terutama pada enamel, akar gigi, dentin, ligamen periodontal, dan jaringan pulpa gigi. Perlu dianalisis apakah gangguan perkembangan kompleks dentoalveolar akibat penuruan kadar IGF-1 pada anak stunting juga mempengaruhi waktu erupsi gigi. Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan antara kadar IGF-1 dengan waktu erupsi gigi pada anak stunting. Metode: Pencarian literatur dilakukan dengan menggunakan pedoman alur Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) pada tiga electronic database, yaitu PubMed, EBSCO, dan Scopus. Penilaian kualitas literatur dilakukan dengan menggunakan QUADAS-2. Hasil: Terdapat 5 studi yang terpilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar IGF-1 lebih rendah pada anak stunting dibandingkan dengan kelompok anak normal. Hal ini disebabkan karena kadar IGF-1 dalam darah dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, di antaranya yaitu nutrisi, status gizi, dan usia. IGF-1 yang rendah pada anak stunting berpotensi menyebabkan keterlambatan waktu erupsi gigi karena mengganggu mekanisme persinyalan molekul selama erupsi gigi, seperti BMP-2, Runx-2, dan TGF-. Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi positif antara kadar IGF-1 yang rendah dengan erupsi gigi pada anak stunting. Ekspresi IGF-1 yang rendah dapat menyebabkan terjadinya gangguan waktu erupsi gigi karena mengganggu proses maturasi gigi.

Background: The causes of stunting are multifactorial, one of the risk factors causing stunting is chronic malnutrition due to lack of protein intake. Lack of protein intake can cause the decrease of IGF-1 level, which is one of the important growth factor supporting the growth and development of somatic cells. Furthermore, IGF-1 also has a role in the development of the dentoalveolar complex, especially enamel, tooth roots, dentin, periodontal ligament, and dental pulp tissues. It should be clarified whether the disturbances of dentoalveolar complex development due to decreased IGF-1 level in the stunted children would also affect the eruption time of the dentition. Objective: To analyze the relationship between IGF-1 level and the timing of tooth eruption in stunted children. Methods: Literature researches were done by using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines through three electronic databases, which were PubMed, EBSCO, and Scopus. Quality assessment of bias was examined using QUADAS-2 tool. Results: There were 5 selected studies based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the study showed that IGF-1 levels were lower in stunted children compared to normal children. The influencing factors of the level of IGF-1 in the blood, are nutritional status and age. Low level of IGF-1 in stunted children has the potential to cause delays in the timing of tooth eruption, by interrupting the activity of BMP-2, Runx-2, and TGF-β. Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between low IGF-1 level and the timing of tooth eruption in stunted children. Low IGF-1 expression can cause disturbances in the timing of tooth eruption because it interferes with the dental maturity process."
Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2021
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Hanna Maurisa Karimah
"ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Gingivitis dapat didiagnosa berdasarkan indeks plak, gingiva, dan perdarahan papila. Etiologi utama gingivitis adalah dental plak yang berisi bakteri nonspesifik, dapat dikontrol dengan menyikat gigi. Kandungan flavonoid yang terdapat dalam propolis dilaporkan sebagai agen antibakteri dengan menghambat aktivitas enzim glukotransferase dan agen antiinflamasi dengan menghambat biosintesis prostaglandin. Tujuan: Mengetahui efek pasta gigi propolis UI terhadap indeks-indeks gingivitis serta penurunan koloni bakteri nonspesifik rongga mulut. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan 18 subjek yang diinstruksikan untuk menyikat gigi dan berkumur dua kali sehari menggunakan pasta gigi dan obat kumur nonpropolis selama 14 hari. Selanjutnya indeks plak, gingiva, dan perdarahan papilla subjek dievaluasi dan sampel plak diambil dari sulkus gingiva aspek bukal gigi 12 untuk analisa bakteri nonspesifik rongga mulut. Kemudian subjek diminta menggunakan pasta gigi propolis UI selama 14 hari dan dilakukan pengukuran indeks-indeks gingivitis serta pengambilan sampel kembali. Hasil: Rerata indeks sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan pasta gigi propolis UI adalah sebagai berikut: indeks plak (0,7 ± 0,3 vs 0,98 ± 0,58), indeks gingiva (0,2 ± 0,25 vs 0,55 ± 0,53), indeks perdarahan papila (0,18 ± 0,23 vs 0,56 ± 0,58), dan jumlah bakteri aerob (143,33 ± 96,66 vs 292,78 ± 323,31) secara statistik berbeda bermakna (p< 0,05). Sedangkan jumlah koloni bakteri anaerob sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan pasta gigi UI (170,67 ± 156,87 vs 237,33 ± 200,96) secara statistik tidak berbeda bermakna (p≥ 0,05). Kesimpulan: Pasta gigi propolis UI dapat menurunkan indeks plak, indeks gingiva, indeks perdarahan papila, serta jumlah koloni bakteri aerob dan anaerob nonspesifik rongga mulut.

ABSTRACT
Background: Gingivitis can be diagnosed based on the plaque index, gingival index, and papillary bleeding index. The main etiology of gingivitis is dental plaque that contains nonspecific bacteria, which can be controlled by brushing teeth. Propolis has been reported as an antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory material by containing flavonoids that inhibit glycosyltransferase enzyme activity and inhibit prostaglandin biosynthesis. Objective: To find out the effect of UI propolis toothpaste on the gingivitis index and decrease of nonspecific oral bacterial. Methods: A clinical trial developed with 18 subjects. Subjects instructed to brush their teeth and rinse twice a day using assigned toothpaste and mouthwash for 14 days. Subjects examined using plaque index, gingival index, papillary bleeding index, and plaque samples collected from gingival sulcus of buccal aspect tooth 12 to analyzed for nonspecific oral bacterial. Then subjects were instructed to use UI propolis toothpaste for 14 days. After 14 days, subjects re-examined and recollected plaque samples. Results: The main index before and after using UI propolis toothpaste is as follow: plaque index (0,7 ± 0,3 vs 0,98 ± 0,58), gingival index (0,2 ± 0,25 vs 0,55 ± 0,53), papillary bleeding index (0,18 ± 0,23 vs 0,56 ± 0,58), and aerobic bacterial colonies (143,33 ± 96,66 vs 292,78 ± 323,31) statistically there were significant differences (p< 0,05). While anaerobic bacterial colonies (170,67 ± 156,87 vs 237,33 ± 200,96) statistically there was no significant differences (p≥ 0,05). Conclusion: The UI propolis toothpaste can reduce plaque index, gingival index, papillary bleeding index, and nonspecific aerobic and anaerobic bacterial colonies of the oral cavity."
Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2019
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Nurfajriani
"Latar Belakang: Obat antifungal sintetik dilaporkan menimbulkan reaksi gastrointestinal. Ekstrak etanol temulawak merupakan tanaman obat yang memiliki efikasi sebagai antijamur. Untuk dijadikan obat alternatif, ekstrak etanol temulawak harus biokompatibel terhadap sel inang. Tujuan: Menganalisis efek sitotoksitas ekstrak etanol temulawak terhadap sel fibroblast gingiva secara in vitro dengan live/dead staining. Metode: Sel fibroblast gingiva passage kedua dikultur sebanyak 1,4 x 104 sel/wells di atas cover glass dalam 12 wells plate. Sel diberi perlakuan dengan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol temulawak 5% dan 20% dengan waktu paparan 1 jam, 3 jam, dan 24 jam. Viabilitas dilihat dari uji live/dead staining menggunakan confocal laser scanning microscope dengan fluorescent dye SYTO9 ex/em max: 480/500nm, PI ex/em max: 490/635nm. Hasil: intensitas fluorescent semakin tinggi berbanding lurus dengan peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol temulawak. Kesimpulan: ekstrak etanol temulawak memiliki efek sitotoksik pada konsentrasi 5% dan 20% pada sel fibroblast gingiva.

Background: Synthetic antifungal drugs are reported to cause gastrointestinal reactions. Ethanol turmeric extract is a herbal drug that has antifungal efficacy. To be used as an alternative drug, ethanol turmeric extract must be biocompatible with host cells. Objective: Analyze the cytotoxicity of ethanol turmeric extract on gingival fibroblasts in vitro with live/dead staining. Methods: The second passage gingival fibroblast cell was cultured as much as 1.4 x 104 cells / wells on the cover glass in 12 well plates. Cells were treated with ethanol turmeric extract concentrations of 5% and 20% with exposure time of 1 hour, 3 hours and 24 hours. Viability seen from live/dead staining assay using confocal laser scanning microscope with fluorescent dye SYTO9 ex/em max: 480/500nm, PI ex/em max: 490/635nm. Results: The higher fluorescent intensity is linear to increase in concentration of dilution ethanol turmeric extract. Conclusion: Ethanol turmeric extract has a cytotoxic effect at concentrations of 5% and 20% on gingival fibroblast cells."
Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2019
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Lesya Wiradini Pradita
"

Latar BelakangNitric Oxide  (NO) merupakan mediator penting dalam sistem inflamasi dan imunitas. Gen eNOS merupakan salah satu dari tiga isoform Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS), yang bertugas mensintesis NO. Periodontitis merupakan penyakit inflamasi pada jaringan pendukung gigi dengan keterlibatan faktor genetik. Adanya polimorfisme pada gen eNOS menyebabkan perubahan dalam aspek fungsional pada gen tersebut yang dapat meningkatkan kerentanan pada berbagai penyakit inflamasi, termasuk periodontitis. Tujuan: Mendeteksi adanya polimorfisme gen EndothelialNitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) intron 4 pada penderita periodontitis di Indonesia. Metode: Analisis polimorfisme gen eNOS dilakukan dengan metode PCR-VNTR. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan uji Chi-square dan odds ratioHasil: Dalam penelitian ini, pada kelompok periodontitis ditemukan 34 sampel dengan genotip AA, 3 sampel dengan genotip AB, dan 13 sampel dengan genotip BB. Sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol, ditemukan 41 sampel dengan genotip AA dan 9 sampel dengan genotip BB. Tidak ditemukan genotip AB pada kelompok kontrol. Pada kelompok periodontitis ditemukan 71 alel A dan 29 alel B, serta pada kelompok kontrol ditemukan 82 alel A dan 18 alel B. Genotip dan alel polimorfik ditemukan lebih banyak pada kelompok periodontitis (32% dan 29%) dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (18%). Kesimpulan: Polimorfisme gen eNOS intron 4 ditemukan pada pasien periodontitis. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada distribusi polimorfisme gen eNOS intron 4 antara penderita periodontitis dan kelompok kontrol. Polimorfisme gen eNOS intron 4 tidak memengaruhi tingkat risiko terjadinya periodontitis.

 


Background: Nitric Oxide (NO) is an important mediator in the inflammatory and immune system. The eNOS gene is one of the three isoforms of Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS), which is responsible for synthesizing NO. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease in periodontal tissue with genetic involvement.  Polymorphism in eNOS gene changes the functional aspect of this gene and is associated with several inflammatory diseases including periodontitis. Aim: To detect Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase intron 4 gene polymorphism in Indonesian population with periodontitis. Method:Analysis of the Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) intron 4  gene polymorphism was observed by carrying out PCR method followed by electrophoresis for the analysis, without the usage of restriction enzyme. The chi-square test and odds ratio were performed for statistical analysis. Result: In this study, there were 34 samples with AA genotype, 3 samples with AB genotype, and 13 samples with BB genotype in periodontitis group. Whereas in control group, there were 41 samples with AA genotype and 9 samples with BB genotype. AB genotype was absent in control group. In periodontitis group, there were 71 A alleles and 29 B alleles, and in control group, 82 A alleles and 18 B alleles were found. Polymorphic genotypes and alleles were found higher in periodontitis sample (32% and 29%) than healthy controls (18%). Conclusion: The polymorphism of eNOS intron 4 was found in periodontitis patients. There is no significant distribution difference was found between the periodontitis patients and the control group. ENOS intron 4 gene polymorphism does not affect the risk of periodontitis.

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Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2019
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Shintari Nurul Hasanah
"Latar Belakang: Temulawak adalah tanaman obat unggulan Indonesia. Pertumbuhan S.mutans dan S. sanguinis yang berperan dalam pembentukan biofilm pada permukaan email gigi, dapat dihambat oleh ekstrak temulawak. pH kritis biofilm (≤ 5.5) dapat mempengaruhi pelepasan ion kalsium email gigi. Xanthorrhizol dalam temulawak diketahui dapat mempertahankan pH netral model biofilm in vitro selama 4 jam.
Tujuan: Menganalisis perubahan pH model biofilm Streptoccocus dual species dalam variasi waktu serta pengaruh paparan ekstrak etanol temulawak terhadap kadar kalsium email permukaan gigi dengan biofilm Streptoccocus dual species.
Metode: Model biofilm dibuat pada 6-well plate yang telah dilapisi oleh saliva, kemudian ditambahkan S. Mutans dan S. sanguinis (1:1) dan diinkubasi dalam rentang waktu 1-24 jam, lalu pH diukur dengan menggunakan pH indikator. Selanjutnya model biofilm Streptoccocus dual species 16 dan 20 jam dibuat pada spesimen email gigi, kemudian dipaparkan ekstrak enatol temulawak (15%) selama 4 jam dan kadar kalsium diukur dengan alat Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). Uji beda dilakukan dengan Mann Whitney dan t-test (independent sample).
Hasil: Model biofilm Streptoccocus dual species dapat mencapai pH kritis mulai jam ke 14 dan bertahan sampai jam ke 24. Terdapat perbedaan rerata kadar kalsium (Wt%) antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok perlakuan, tetapi perbedaan tersebut secara statistik tidak bermakna (p>0.005). Perbedaan rerata kadar kalsium (Wt%) antara kelompok perlakuan biofilm 16 jam (27,52 ± 0.89) dan 20 jam (24,92 ± 0.85) secara statistik bermakna (p<0.005).
Kesimpulan: Model biofilm Streptoccocus dual species dapat mencapai pH kritis setelah 14 jam. Paparan ekstrak etanol temulawak tidak mempengaruhi secara signifikan kadar kalsium permukaan email gigi dengan biofilm Streptoccocus dual species. Namun, paparan ekstrak etanol temulawak pada kematangan biofilm berbeda, menghasilkan perbedaan kadar kalsium permukaan email gigi.

Background: Java turmeric is Indonesian medicinal plants. Growth of S. mutans and S. sanguinis that play a role in biofilm formation on the enamel surface, could be inhibited by java turmeric extract. Biofilms critical pH (≤ 5.5) could affect the release of calcium ions enamel. Xanthorrhizol in java turmeric are known to maintain a neutral pH in vitro biofilm models for 4 hours.
Objective: To analyze the changes in pH Streptoccocus dual species biofilm models in variations exposure time as well as the influence of ethanol extract of java turmeric on tooth surfaces email calcium levels with Streptoccocus dual species biofilms.
Methods: Biofilm model was made in 6-well plate that had been coated with saliva, then added S. Mutans and S. sanguinis (1:1) and incubated in a span of 1-24 hours, and pH was measured by using a pH indicator. Furthermore Streptoccocus dual species biofilm models 16 and 20 hours were made on specimens of enamel, then presented ethanol java turmeric extract (15%) for 4 h and calcium levels were measured by Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). Different test performed by Mann Whitney and t-test (independent samples).
Results: Streptoccocus dual species biofilm model could reach critical pH ranging to 14 hours and last up to 24 hours. There are differences in the mean levels of calcium (Wt%) between the control group and treatment group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p> 0.005). Mean difference levels of calcium (Wt%) between treatment groups biofilms 16 hours (27.52 ± 0.89) and 20 hours (24.92 ± 0.85) was statistically significant (p <0.005).
Conclusion: Streptoccocus dual species biofilm model could reach a critical pH after 14 hours. Exposure to ethanol extract of java turmeric did not affect significantly the level of calcium in the enamel surface Streptoccocus dual species biofilms. However, exposure of turmeric extract on different maturity of biofilm, produced difference in the calcium level of enamel surface.
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Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2013
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Titis Maulanti
"Latar Belakang: Gen MGMT berperan dalam mekanisme perbaikan DNA melalui transfer alkil mencegah terjadinya mutasi gen ? gen terkait orofacial cleft. Metilasi pada promoter gen MGMT mempengaruhi regulasi ekspresi gen tersebut.
Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran kejadian metilasi gen MGMT penderita orofacial cleft.
Metode: Dua puluh empat sampel orofacial cleft dan 24 sampel normal dilakukan deteksi status metilasi melalui methylation specific-PCR (MSP).
Hasil: Diperoleh 33.3% orofacial cleft berstatus fully methylated dan 66.7% partially methylated. Sedangkan pada kontrol, 100% berstatus partially methylated.
Kesimpulan: Terjadi metilasi gen MGMT pada penderita orofacial cleft dan distribusinya berbeda dengan individu normal (p=0.004).

Background: MGMT gene plays a role in DNA repair mechanisms via the transfer of alkyl to prevent mutation of gene related orofacial cleft. Methylation at MGMT gene promoter has effect in the regulation of gene expression.
Objective: To determine MGMT gene methylation status in orofacial cleft.
Methods: Methylation status were detected in 24 orofacial cleft and 24 healthy individuals samples by methylation-specific PCR (MSP).
Results: 33.3% orofacial cleft were fully methylated and 66.7% were partially methylated. Meanwhile, in control group, 100% were partially methylated.
Conclusion: MGMT gene methylation occurred in orofacial cleft and the distributions are different from healthy individuals (p=0.004).
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Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2014
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Sazkia Febradhany Tania
"Latar Belakang: Metilasi di area promoter berpotensi mengakibatkan gene silencing pada gen CDH1 yang berperan penting dalam adhesi antarsel dan morfogenesis kraniofasial.
Tujuan: Mengetahui distribusi metilasi antara individu cleft dan non-cleft.
Metode: 24 sampel DNA penderita orofacial cleft dan 24 sampel kontrol dianalisis menggunakan teknik methylation-specific PCR (MSP).
Hasil: Dari kelompok cleft didapatkan 5 sampel (20,83%) berstatus fully methylated dan 19 sampel (79,17%) berstatus partially methylated, sedangkan dari kelompok kontrol didapatkan 24 sampel (100%) berstatus partially methylated.
Kesimpulan: Terjadi metilasi CDH1 pada penderita orofacial cleft, namun secara statistik tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada distribusi status metilasi CDH1 antara individu cleft dan non-cleft (p=0,05).

Background: Methylation at promoter area potentially results in silencing of CDH1 gene which plays important role in cell adhesion and craniofacial morphogenesis.
Objective: To obtain the distribution of CDH1 methylation in cleft and non-cleft individuals.
Methods: 24 DNA samples of individuals with orofacial cleft and 24 control samples were analyzed with methylation-specific PCR (MSP) technique.
Results: From cleft group, 5 (20.83%) were fully methylated and 19 (79.17%) were partially methylated; while from control group, 24 (100%) were partially methylated.
Conclusion: CDH1 methylation was observed in orofacial cleft affected individuals but there is no significant difference in CDH1 methylation status between cleft and non-cleft individuals (p=0.05).
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Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2014
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Andy Satyanegara
"Berdasarkan Riskesdas, 25,9 masyarakat Indonesia mengalami karies gigi, banyak diantaranya berasal dari tingkat ekonomi menengah kebawah. terbatasnya fasilitas kesehatan gigi menyebabkan dibutuhkannya sistem perawatan karies yang mudah untuk diaplikasikan, dan berharga terjangkau.
Tujuan: Membandingkan kemampuan antibakteri dan remineralisasi dari Propolis Fluoride PpF dan SDF sebagai caries arresting agent pada gigi sulung.
Metode: PpF dan SDF diuji menggunakan metode Total Plate Count TPC untuk menentukan kemampuan antibakterinya. Observasi menggunakan SEM dan EDX dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan antibakteri dari PpF dan SDF.
Hasil: Pada metode TPC, PpF terbukti dapat menurunkan pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans secara signifikan. Pada metode SEM, kontrol negatif tampak lebih porus dari kontrol positif. Pada kelompok PpF, tampak pori dari proses demineralisasi tertutup dengan lapisan granulasi.
Kesimpulan: Propolis fluoride memiliki potensi yang besar untuk dijadikan alternatif SDF sebagai caries arresting agent pada karies dentin gigi sulung.

Background According to Riskesdas, 25.9 indonesians are having caries, most of them are from the lower economic groups. Limitation of the health facility led to the needs for treatment of caries that are easy to apply and affordable.
Objective To compare the antibacterial and remineralization ability of Propolis Fluoride PpF and SDF on arresting caries of primary teeth.
Methods PpF and SDF Materials are tested with Total Plate Count TPC to determine their antibacterial ability. Observations using SEM and EDX was conducted to determine PpF rsquo s dan SDF rsquo s remineralization ability.
Results In TPC method, PpF has the ability to significantly decrease the growth of Streptococcus mutans. In SEM method, negative control group looked more porous than the positive control group. In PpF group, it appears the demineralization porous is covered by granulated layer of PpF.
Conclusion Propolis Fluoride has a big potential to be an alternative for SDF on arresting dentinal caries on dentin caries of primary dentition.
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Depok: Universitas Indonesia, 2016
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