Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
PEMP (Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Pesisir) yang dilancarkan pada 2001 adalah satu program awam yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pendapatan isi rumah miskin yang tinggal di kawasan pesisir pantai Indonesia. Sehingga kini program tersebut masih belum menunjukkan kesan yang ketara ke atas isi rumah berkenaan. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menilai impak program PEMP ke atas pendapatan isi rumah pesisir yang tinggal di Kecamatan Cilincing, Jakarta Utara. Menggunakan pelbagai rekod rasmi agensi berkaitan bersama dengan maklumat yang dikumpulkan melalui pemerhatian di lapangan, temu bual dan kaji selidik yang dilakukan antara April 2006 dan Disember 2007, kajian ini menemukan beberapa dapatan menarik. Antara dapatan yang penting termasuklah: (1) secara keseluruhannya tidak berlaku peningkatan pendapatan yang signifikan selepas isi rumah menyertai program PEMP; (2) tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan antara pendapatan ketua isi rumah {t (220) = 8.322, p<.050} dan pendapatan isi rumah (t = -25.644, df = 157, p< .05) peserta PEMP dan bukan peserta PEMP; (3) tiada kesan yang signifikan program PEMP ke atas pendapatan isi rumah di kawasan pesisir Kecamatan Cilincing. Ujian statistik mengesahkan perkara ini (Compare Means Paired Samples T Test). Wujudnya masalah alam sekitar dan kenaikan harga bahan bakar serta ketiadaan kemudahan asas untuk membantu usaha mereka menyebabkan Program PEMP tidak berkesan meningkatkan pendapatan pesertanya. Secara umumnya kajian ini cenderung untuk menunjukkan bahawa, walau pun Departemen Kelautan dan Perikanan telah berjaya melaksanakan program PEMP seperti yang dapat diukur berdasarkan amaun yang diagihkan dalam bentuk pinjaman dan pelbagai agensi pelaksana yang ditubuhkan, namun prestasi keseluruhan agensi pelaksana yang terbabit dapat dikatakan sebagai lemah dan tidak cekap, dan program PEMP gagal mencapai objektifnya. Suatu polisi, strategi dan program yang sesuai perlu dibentuk bagi menggantikan program PEMP. PEMP, launched in 2001 is a public programme with the objective of enhancing the income level of the poor households living in coastal areas of Indonesia. Until now the programme has yet to leave any significant impact on the households . The present article is aimed at assessing the impact of PEMP on the income of households living in Kecamatan Cilincing, North Jakarta. Using official records obtained from various related agencies, together with information gathered through field observations, interviews and a questionnaire survey carried out between April 2006 and Dicember 2007, the present study reveals several interesting findings. Among the important findings are: (1) overall there is no significant increase on the income level of the households after participating the programme; (2) there is no significant different in the monthly income between participants and non participants of the programme among head of households {t (220) = 8.322, p<.050} and households (t = -25.644, df = 157, p< .05); and (3) finally there is no significant impacts of PEMP on the income of households living in the coastal areas of Kecamatan Cilincing . Statistical tests (Compare Means Paired Samples T Test) confirmed the finding. Environmental problems, rising fuel prices and the lack of basic facilities to support their efforts have been among the important reasons for the ineffectiveness of the programme to increase the income level of its participants. Generally, this study tends to show that although the government has succeeded in implementing the programme as measured by the amount of grant provided in the form of loans and the establishment of various agencies, the overall performance of the agencies involved can be considered as weak and inefficient, and PEMP fails to achieve it’s objectives. A more appropriate policy, strategy and programme should be formulated to replace PEMP

Abstrak :
PEMP adalah satu program awam yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan taraf kesejahteraan masyarakat pesisir pantai, terutamanya isi rumah miskin. Sejak dilaksanakan pada 2001, program ini telah melalui beberapa fasa pembaikan. Namun, hingga saat ini keadaan masyarakat miskin tidak berubah. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menilai prestasi PEMP dari aspek formulasi polisi dan implementasi program serta prestasi organisasi khususnya tentang mekanisme pengelolaan program dengan rujukan khas kepada Kabupaten Jakarta Utara. Menggunakan rekod dan laporan rasmi pelbagai agensi di kantor peringkat pusat, kabupaten dan kecamatan selain pemerhatian serta temu bual mendalam dengan isi rumah dan pegawai di agensi pelaksana terbabit, kajian mendapati beberapa penemuan menarik. Pertama, prinsip yang dijadikan garis panduan bagi pelaksanaan progam telah tidak diikuti oleh agensi pelaksana di peringkat kabupaten dan kecamatan. Pelbagai amalan salah laku juga turut dikesan. Kedua, evaluasi output menunjukkan bahawa sebahagian besar pinjaman melalui Dana Ekonomi Produktif dimanfaatkan oleh isi rumah pedagang yang tidak miskin. Ketiga, Koperasi LEPP-M3 yang ditubuhkan bagi meningkatkan tahap kecekapan pengurusan dana pinjaman, juga gagal mencapai matlamatnya. Masyarakat pesisir tiada akses dan tidak mampu membuat pinjaman. Jika membuat pinjaman pun rekod menunjukkan bahawa mereka tidak mampu melunasi pinjaman dalam tempoh yang ditetapkan. Kajian ini menunjukkan walau pun pemerintah berjaya melaksanakan Program PEMP terutamanya dari segi output kewangan dan penubuhan pelbagai agensi, namun prestasinya lemah dan tidak cekap. Suatu polisi, strategi dan program yang lebih sesuai perlu dibentuk untuk menggantikan program PEMP. with the objective of enhancing the wellbeing of poor coastal community households. Since its inception in 2001 and after several phases of improvement, the living conditions of the coastal poor households remain unchanged. This paper presents the findings of a study aimed at assessing the PEMP performance with regard to the mechanism used in managing the programme with special reference to the province of North Jakarta. Using official records and reports of various agencies available at faderal, kabupaten and kecamatan levels together with information gathered through field observation and indepth interviews with household heads and officers in charge , the study reveals four important findings: (1) Non- compliance and malpractices were prevalent among the implementing agencies at kabupaten and kecamatan levels; (2) Most of the loans, particularly Economically Productive Grant (DEP), had been given out to households members that were not poor; (3) Agencies such as the Cooperative of LEPP-M3 which was entrusted with improving the level of efficiency in managing the loans had also failed to live up to expectation; and (4) Many of the poor households remained ignorant and deprived of access to the loan facilities, and failed to pay back loans within the specified period. In conclusion, although the government has succeeded in implementing the PEMP, the overall performance of the programme may be considered weak and inefficient. A more appropriate policy, strategy and programme should be formulated to replace the PEMP.

Abstrak :
This paper discusses empowerment program for coastal communities in Cilincing subdistrict, North jakarta. Basically, the program has been relatively successful in developing coastal communities’s entrepreneurship. This can be seen from the establishment of cooperatives and small-scale enterprises in that area. But this paper underlines that grant allocation for the fisherman is still limited. Otherwise, the merchants received the most amount of grant allocation. In other word, bias on delivering program has occurred. Furthermore, target location for this program has not been equal yet. It was concentrated on few villages only. Low understanding for loan scheme also became crucial problem for the program. This has refushed for 'bad credit' in a lot of amount