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"Latar Belakang : Cedera kranioserebral ada 2, yaitu cedera primer dan sekunder. PatofisioIogi cedera sekunder yang kompleks menyebabkan perlunya parameter tambahan untuk menilai perburukan klinis penderita cedera kranioserebral. Pada penelitian terdahulu didapat suatu hubungan antara kadar interleukin 6 serum dengan keluaran cedera kranioserebral. Dimana semakin tinggi kadar 11-6 akan semakin buruk keluaran cedera kranioserebral. Dengan melihat hal ini kami melakukan penelitian untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan antara kadar M-6 dengan penderita ceders kranioserebral.Objektif : Mengetahui peranan IL-6 pada kondisi klinis penderita cedera kranioserebral 5KG 6-12Desain dan Metode: Observasional dengan repeated measurement design sesuai dengan kriteria seleksi dan dieksplorasi apakah terdapat hubungan IL-6 dengan SKG hari 1,3,7 atau mortalitas.Hasil : 63 penderita cedera kranioserebral SKG 6-12 dalarn 24 jam dari onset. Semua pasien dilakukan pemeriksaan IL-6 serum dan DPL rutin, Nilai rerata IL-6 tertinggi adalah pada SKG 6 508,938 ± 98,125 dan nilai rerata terendah adalah 11,725 ± 8,441. Dengan uji kai kuadarat didapati hubungan semakin tinggi nilai IL-6 semakin rendah nilai SKG (p<0,0001). Dengan uji kai kuadrat juga didapati semakin tinggi kadar M-6 semakin tinggi mortalitas (p<0,002).Kesimpulan : IL-6 dapat dijadikan salah satu prediktor keluaran penderita cedera kranioserebral.

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Background : Traumatic brain Injury (TBI) is divided in to primary and secondary injury. Complexities of the pathophysiology of secondary brain injury made additional parameters in to evaluation for observed the worsening effect of those mechanisms. In the current study there is a correlation between IL 6 serum concentration and the outcome of TBI. The higher 1L6 would be markedly worsening outcome. Based on this concept, we make the research to explore the correlation between IL 6 concentration and TBI patient.

Objective: To explore the rule of IL 6 on the worsening clinical condition of the TBI patient GCS 6-8 and GCS 9-12.

Design and methods: Observational study with repeated measurement design due to selection criteria and being explored whether any correlation between IL 6 and GCS on day 1,3,7 or mortality.

Results: 63 TBI patients with GCS 6-12 and the onset are 24 hours enrolled to this study. All the patient had IL 6 serum and routine blood test. The highest mean of IL 6 is 508,938 + on GCS 6 and the lowest mean is 11,725 + 8,441 on GCS 12. Result of the chi square test showed there was correlation the higher IL 6 and the lower GCS (p<0,0001). The other analyzed the chi square test showed there were also correlation between the higher IL 6 and mortality (p<0,002).

Conclusion : IL- 6 could be used as one of TBI outcome predictor."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini berusaha mengetahui peran faktor keluarga, melalui tingkat family functioning dan family hardiness terhadap keterkaitan antara paparan kejadian traumatik (traumatic exposure) dengan posttraumatic growth melalui analisis moderated-mediation pada penyintas bencana alam gempa bumi dan likuifaksi di PASIGALA. Partisipan yang didapatkan adalah 122 orang penyintas berusia 17-35 tahun (M = 21.541, SD = 4.936) yang merupakan penyintas likuifaksi PASIGALA secara primer atau langsung. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa tingkat family hardiness sedang hingga tinggi memberikan efek positif terhadap keberfungsian keluarga sehingga menjadi fungsional meskipun mengalami beberapa paparan kejadian traumatik. Namun, keberfungsian keluarga yang diperkuat oleh family hardiness tidak menjadikan individu dapat mencapai posttraumatic growth yang lebih tinggi meskipun family hardiness berperan penting dalam menjadikan keluarga berfungsi dengan baik. Secara praktis, hasil mengarahkan agar program trauma healing yang mendukung tercapainya posttraumatic growth sebaiknya berfokus pada aspek personal penyintas, seperti perbedaan paparan kejadian yang dialami. Tetapi, program untuk membantu keluarga dapat berfungsi dengan baik kembali (healthy) setelah melalui krisis kebencanaan dapat dilakukan dengan berfokus pada membantu keluarga membentuk karakter yang hardy.

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ABSTRACTThis study discusses the role of the family, through family functioning and family hardiness on the relationship between the reporting of traumatic events (traumatic exposure) with posttraumatic growth through moderated-mediation analysis in survivors of Earthquake and Liquefaction disaster in PASIGALA. Participants obtained were 122 individuals (17-35 years old, M = 21.541, SD = 4.936) who were primary survivors of PASIGALA liquefaction. The results obtained indicate that the mean and higher level of family hardiness have a positive effect on moderating the negative effect of traumatic exposure to the family functioning. However, family functioning supported by family hardiness does not make individuals able to achieve higher post-traumatic growth indirectly although it is an important factor for helping family to function well. These lead to encouraging social workers in helping survivors, to focus on their personal aspect, such as degree of traumatic exposures. However, helping family as a whole to be well-functioning after disaster also could be conducted, by focusing on building characteristics of hardy family."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang Biomarker dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi derajat keparahan trauma kepala Tujuan Mengetahui hubungan antara kadar S100B dengan derajat keparahan trauma kepala dan kelainan CT scan kepala Metode Penelitian Penelitian potong lintang di IGD RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo RSUP Fatmawati dan RS Permata Cibubur selama Juli Desember 2015 Subjek adalah anak usia 1 18 tahun yang mengalami trauma kepala dengan onset

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ABSTRACTBackground Biomarker has ability to predict the severity of TBI and abnormal CT scan Objectives To determine the association between S100B level with the severity of pediatric TBI and intracranial injury Methods A cross sectional study at Emergency Department of RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo RSUP Fatmawati and Permata Cibubur Hospital on July December 2015 Subjects were 1 18 year old children with TBI onset within 24 hours before admission We measured SKG score serum S100B level and performed cranial CT scan if indicated Results Twenty subjects had mild TBI and 18 subjects had moderate TBI were included S100B levels were higher in children with moderate TBI as compared to children with mild TBI 0 173 0 054 0 812 g L vs 0 067 0 039 0 084 g L p;Background Biomarker has ability to predict the severity of TBI and abnormal CT scan Objectives To determine the association between S100B level with the severity of pediatric TBI and intracranial injury Methods A cross sectional study at Emergency Department of RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo RSUP Fatmawati and Permata Cibubur Hospital on July December 2015 Subjects were 1 18 year old children with TBI onset within 24 hours before admission We measured SKG score serum S100B level and performed cranial CT scan if indicated Results Twenty subjects had mild TBI and 18 subjects had moderate TBI were included S100B levels were higher in children with moderate TBI as compared to children with mild TBI 0 173 0 054 0 812 g L vs 0 067 0 039 0 084 g L p;Background Biomarker has ability to predict the severity of TBI and abnormal CT scan Objectives To determine the association between S100B level with the severity of pediatric TBI and intracranial injury Methods A cross sectional study at Emergency Department of RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo RSUP Fatmawati and Permata Cibubur Hospital on July December 2015 Subjects were 1 18 year old children with TBI onset within 24 hours before admission We measured SKG score serum S100B level and performed cranial CT scan if indicated Results Twenty subjects had mild TBI and 18 subjects had moderate TBI were included S100B levels were higher in children with moderate TBI as compared to children with mild TBI 0 173 0 054 0 812 g L vs 0 067 0 039 0 084 g L p;Background Biomarker has ability to predict the severity of TBI and abnormal CT scan Objectives To determine the association between S100B level with the severity of pediatric TBI and intracranial injury Methods A cross sectional study at Emergency Department of RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo RSUP Fatmawati and Permata Cibubur Hospital on July December 2015 Subjects were 1 18 year old children with TBI onset within 24 hours before admission We measured SKG score serum S100B level and performed cranial CT scan if indicated Results Twenty subjects had mild TBI and 18 subjects had moderate TBI were included S100B levels were higher in children with moderate TBI as compared to children with mild TBI 0 173 0 054 0 812 g L vs 0 067 0 039 0 084 g L p"

"[ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Cedera otak traumatika akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas masih merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian dan kecacatan utama pada kelompok usia produktif. Cedera otak sekunder dideskripsikan sebagai konsekuensi gangguan fisiologis, seperti iskemia, reperfusi, dan hipoksia pada area otak yang beresiko, beberapa saat setelah terjadinya cedera awal (cedera otak primer). Cedera otak sekunder sensitif terhadap terapi dan proses terjadinya dapat dicegah dan dimodifikasi. Metode: Penelitian kohort retrospektif dengan data primer rekam medis. Data yang terdiri dari beberapa variabel yang dikumpulkan secara retrospektif dari catatan medis pasien. RS. Hasan Sadikin, Bandung Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada 2011-2014. Jumlah sampel yang diambil sebanyak 647 pasien. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi analisis univariat, bivariat, dan analisis multivariate cox proportional hazard dengan model matematis yangselanjutnya akan dibuat model skoring. Analisis roctab digunakan untuk menentukan nilai cut-off setiap variabel numerik. Hasil: Variabel perdarahan otak, tingkat kesadaran, dan edema serebri merupakanfaktor resiko outcome, sedangkan variabel peningkatan tekanan intrakranial, kadar elektrolit natrium dan klorida, serta terapi diuretik merupakan faktor resiko untuk terjadinya outcome kematian pada pasien ensefalitis anak. Berdasarkan hasil analisis multivariat skoring didapatkan urutan faktor prognostik yang dominan menyebabkan kematian, yaitu Variabel usia memilik HR sebesar 1,00, natriummempunyai HR 0,8, Perdarahan otak pada CT Scan kepala mempunyai HR sebesar 1,73, edema serebri mempunyai HR 2,53, hipoksia mempunyai HR sebesar 2,13, farktur maksillofascial mempunyai HR sebesar 0,6, hipotensi memiliki HR 0,7 dan pembedahan/trepanasi mempunyai HR 0,388 Berdasarkan analisis tersebut maka natrium, GCS, hipotensi, pembedahan dan MFS fraktur merupakan faktor proteksi outcome sedangkan usia, perdarahan otak pada CT Scan, edema serebri, hipoksia merupakan faktor resiko terjadinya outcomekematian pada pasien cedera kepala berat. Dari hasil mulitvariat yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya apabila skor -69 s/d -47 mengalami resiko rendah untuk mengalami kematian, skor -46 s/d -20 mengalami resiko sedang untuk terjadinya kematian dan skor >-19 akan mengalami resiko tinggi terjadinya kematian. Kesimpulan: Model skoring prognosis yang telah terbentuk ini mampu memprediksi sebesar 84,75 % faktor faktor yang berhubungan dengan prognosis cedera otak traumatika berat. Apabila ada 100 pasien cedera kepala berat dengan adanya semua variabel maka 76 pasien akan meninggal dan bila 100 pasiencedera kepala berat tanpa adanya semua variabel maka 25 pasien akan meninggal.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Severe traumatic brain injury caused by traffic accidents is still one of the major causes of death and disability in the productive age group. Secondary brain injury is described as a physiological disorders, such as ischemia, reperfusion, and hypoxia in brain areas at risk, some time after the initial injury (primary brain injury). Secondary brain injury is sensitive to therapy it can be preventable and modifiable.Methods: This cohort study with primary data medical records. The data consists of multiple variables collected retrospectively from patient medical records at Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung West Java, Indonesia. Data were collected in 2011-2014. The number of samples was 647 patients. Analysis was conducted on univariate, bivariate, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis with a mathematical model which would then be created scoring models. Roctab analysisis used to determine the cut-off value of any numeric variable.Results: Variable brain hemorrhage, level of consciousness and cerebral edema is a risk factor outcomes, while variable increased intracranial pressure, electrolyte levels of sodium and chloride, as well as diuretic therapy is a risk factor for the occurrence of mortality outcomes in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Based on the results of the multivariate analysis of prognostic factors scoring sequence obtained the dominant cause of death, the age variable having an HR of 1.00, sodium has HR 0.8, brain hemorrhage on CT scan head has a HR of 1.73, had a cerebral edema HR 2,53, hypoxia has a HR of 2.13, fracture maxillofascial have HR of 0.6 and hypotension have HR 0.7, surgery / trepanation HR 0.388, based on the analysis of the sodium, GCS, hypotension, MFS fracture, surgery and outcome protection factor whereas age, brain hemorrhage on a CT scan, cerebral edema, hypoxia is a risk factor for mortality outcomes in patients with severe head injury. From the results multivariate analysis has score of -69 s/d -47experiencing low risk to experience death, a score of -46 s / d -20 experiencing moderate risk for the occurrence of death and a score of > -19 will experience a high risk of death. Conclusions: This Prognostic model scoring has capable to predict 84.75% factors related to the prognosis of severe traumatic brain injury. If there were 100 patients with severe traumatic brain injury in the presence of all variables and 76 patients will die and when 100 patients with severe traumatic brain injury in the absence of all variables that 25 patients will die., Background: Severe traumatic brain injury caused by traffic accidents is still oneof the major causes of death and disability in the productive age group. Secondarybrain injury is described as a physiological disorders, such as ischemia,reperfusion, and hypoxia in brain areas at risk, some time after the initial injury(primary brain injury). Secondary brain injury is sensitive to therapy it can bepreventable and modifiable.Methods: This cohort study with primary data medical records. The data consistsof multiple variables collected retrospectively from patient medical records atHasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung West Java, Indonesia. Data were collected in2011-2014. The number of samples was 647 patients. Analysis was conducted onunivariate, bivariate, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis with amathematical model which would then be created scoring models. Roctab analysisis used to determine the cut-off value of any numeric variable.Results: Variable brain hemorrhage, level of consciousness and cerebral edema isa risk factor outcomes, while variable increased intracranial pressure, electrolytelevels of sodium and chloride, as well as diuretic therapy is a risk factor for theoccurrence of mortality outcomes in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.Based on the results of the multivariate analysis of prognostic factors scoringsequence obtained the dominant cause of death, the age variable having an HR of1.00, sodium has HR 0.8, brain hemorrhage on CT scan head has a HR of 1.73,had a cerebral edema HR 2,53, hypoxia has a HR of 2.13, fracture maxillofascial have HR of 0.6 and hypotension have HR 0.7, surgery / trepanation HR 0.388,based on the analysis of the sodium, GCS, hypotension, MFS fracture, surgeryand outcome protection factor whereas age, brain hemorrhage on a CT scan,cerebral edema, hypoxia is a risk factor for mortality outcomes in patients withsevere head injury. From the results multivariate analysis has score of -69 s/d -47experiencing low risk to experience death, a score of -46 s / d -20 experiencingmoderate risk for the occurrence of death and a score of > -19 will experience ahigh risk of death.Conclusions: This Prognostic model scoring has capable to predict 84.75%factors related to the prognosis of severe traumatic brain injury. If there were 100patients with severe traumatic brain injury in the presence of all variables and 76patients will die and when 100 patients with severe traumatic brain injury in theabsence of all variables that 25 patients will die]"

"Latar Belakang: Pada cedera kranioserebral sedang dan berat terjadi stimulasi aksis HPA, aktivasi sel imunokompeten yang menyebabkan pelepasan mediator inflamasi. Peningkatan sitokin menyebabkan stimulasi aksis HPA yang menyebabkan terpacunya pelepasan barman kortisol oleh korteks kelenjar adrenal. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan semakin tinggi kadar kortisol dalam plasma pada penderita cedera kranioserebral maka semakin buruk prognosis karena tingginya mortalitas.Metode: Studi porospektif tanpa kelompok pembanding untuk melihat hubungan kadar kortisol dalam darah pada onset < 48 jam terhadap keluaran kematian dan hidup selama 3 hari perawatan pada penderita cedera kranioserebral dengan skala koma glasgow 3-12.Hasil: Dari 64 subyek, terdapat 54,7% subyek mati pada 3 hari perawatan pertama. Rerata kadar kortisol darah subyek adalah 32,88+10,16 µg/dl, sedangkan rerata nilai SKG adalah 9,17+2,49. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kadar kortisol dengan nilai SKG dimana pada nilai SKG 3-6 kadar kortisol dalam darah paling tinggi (p<0.05). Rerata kadar kortisol pada keluaran mati lebih tinggi bermakna dibadingkan dengan keluaran hidup yaitu 44,38+8,87 µg/dl (p<0.05). Titik potong kadar kortisol untuk kematian adalah 31,1 µg/dl, spesifisitas 94,3% dan sensitifitas 96,6%. Pada nilai SKG 3-8, 85,7% subyek mati. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara nilai SKG dengan keluaran mati.Kesimpulan: Keluaran kematian pada penderita cedera kranioserebral menunjukkan kadar kortisol dalam darah yang Iebih tinggi dan nilai SKG yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan keluaran hidup.

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Background: There are many processes in moderate and severe head injury, such as HPA axis stimulation, immuno-competent cell activation that cause releasing of inflammation mediator. Increasing of cytokine causes HPA axis stimulation and triggers cortisol release by adrenal cortex. Previous studies showed that the increasing of plasma cortisol related with poor outcome in head injury patient.

Methods: Prospective study without control in head injury patients with GCS 3-12 and onset less than 48 hours. The aim of this study was to see relation between blood cortisol level and outcome in three days of hospitalization.

Results: From 64 subjects, there are 54.7% subjects who died within 3 days of hospitalization. Mean of blood cortisol is 32.88+10.16 µg/dl, while mean of GCS is 9.17+2.49. There is significant correlation between blood cortisol level and GCS which is blood cortisol level is highest in subjects with GCS 3-6 (p<0.05). Mean cortisol level in poor outcome subjects is significantly higher (44.38+8-87 p.gldl) than good outcome subjects (p<0.05). Cut-off point of cortisol level for poor outcome is 31.1 µg/dl with 94.3% specificity and 96.6% sensitivity. In GCS 3-8 group, 85.7% subjects have poor outcome. There is significant correlation between GCS and poor outcome.

Conclusion: Moderate and severe head injury patient with poor outcome show higher blood cortisol level and lower GCS compare with patient with good outcome."

"Latar Belakang:Sindrom mata kering atau dry eye sebagai suatu penyakit multifaktor yang ditandai dengan hilangnya homeostasis lapisan air mata diikuti dengan keluhan akibat instabilitas lapisan air mata, keadaan hiperosmolaritas, inflamasi dan kerusakan permukaan okular dimana abnormalitas neurosensori berperan penting. Keluhan subjektif dry eye disertai faktor resiko dapat menjadi suatu skala terukur melalui suatu kuesioner yang tervalidasi untuk menunjang penegakan diagnosis serta terapi pasien. Hingga saat ini belum terdapat suatu kuesioner dry eye spesifik yang terintegrasi mulai dari skrining, diagnosis hingga follow up untuk populasi Indonesia yang berbahasa Indonesia.Tujuan:Menghasilkan kuesioner untuk menyaring, mendiagnosis dan menilai hasil terapi dry eyes menggunakan metode modifikasi Delphi pada populasi di Indonesia.Metode:Menggunakan metode modifikasi Delphi yaitu metode dengan mengembangkan suatu studi literatur sistematis membentuk draft awal kuesioner dry eye yang kemudian ditanyakan kepada partisipan dokter spesialis mata ahli Infeksi dan Imunologi yang tergabung dalam Indonesian Ocular Infection and Immunology Society (INOIIS). Metode ini terdiri dari tiga ronde dan focus group discussion (tentatif).Hasil:Dua puluh tujuh partisipan dokter spesialis mata Infeksi dan Imunologi mengikuti 3 ronde metode modifikasi Delphi hingga akhir. Telaah sistematik dilakukan dan mendapatkan kuesioner dengan validitas dan reliabilitas baik yang dijadikan bahan pertimbangan item pertanyaan awal pada ronde 1. Didapatkan 22 item pertanyaan pada kategori pertanyaan skrining, 6 item pertanyaan pada kategori diagnosis dan 9 item pertanyaan pada kategori follow up.Kesimpulan:Seluruh pertanyaan pada item pertanyaan skrining, diagnosis dan follow up pada kuesioner sindrom mata kering merupakan hasil kesepakan yang didapatkan melalui tiga ronde metode modifikasi Delphi.

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Background:

Dry eye syndrome is a multifactorial disease characterized by loss of tear film homeostasis followed by complaints of tear film instability, hyperosmolarity, inflammation and damage to the ocular surface in which neurosensory abnormalities play an important role. Subjective complaints of dry eye with risk factors can be a measurable scale through a validated questionnaire to support diagnosis and patient therapy. There is no specific and comprehensive dry eye questionnaire for screening, diagnose and follow up dry eye patient for the Indonesian population.

Objective:

Produced a questionnaire to screen, diagnose and assess the results of dry eyes therapy using the modified Delphi method in Indonesia.

Method:

Using the modified Delphi method, which is a method by developing a systematic literature study to form an initial draft of a dry eye questionnaire which then asked to participants the subspecialist ophthalmologists in Infection and Immunology who are member of the Indonesian Ocular Infection and Immunology Society (INOIIS). This method consists of three rounds and a focus group discussion (tentative).

Result:

Twenty-seven participants, ophthalmologists of the infection and immunology subspecialists, followed 3 rounds of the modified Delphi method until the end. A systematic review was carried out and obtained a questionnaire with good validity and reliability which was used as the draft of the initial question items in round 1. There were 22 question items in the screening question category, 6 question items in the diagnosis category and 9 question items in the follow-up category.

Conclusion:

All questions on the screening, diagnosis and follow-up questions on the dry eye syndrome questionnaire were the result of agreement obtained through three rounds of the modified Delphi method."

"Latar belakang : Pasien luka bakar sedang dan berat mempunyai angka mortalitas dan morbiditas yang tinggi. Morbiditas terjadi karena gangguan fisik maupun psikis. Sebanyak 46,6 % dari pasien luka bakar mengalami gangguan psikiatri. Gangguan stres pasca trauma merupakan salah satu gangguan psikiatri yang sering terjadi dan sering tidak terdiagnosis pada pasien luka bakar. Gangguan ini sering menjadi penyulit terhadap kesembuhan optimal dari pasien luka bakar. Angka prevalensi dari berbagai penelitian yang sudah dilakukan di luar negeri menunjukan hasil yang berbeda-beda, umumnya angka prevalensi meningkat dalam sate tahun pertama. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui berapa prevalensi gangguan stres pasca trauma yang terjadi pada pasien luka bakar di RSUPN DR.Ciptomangunkusumo Jakarta.Metode: Penelitian menggunakan rancangan cross sectional, dilakukan pada 66 pasien luka bakar sedang dan berat yang berobat di RSUPN DR.Ciptomangunkusumo Jakarta. Sampel diambil secara consecutive sampling, observasi pada 34 subyek dilakukan di lingkungan RSUPN DR.Ciptomangunkusumo dan pada 32 subyek lainnya di rumah subyek. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis-1 Disorder (SCID-I) dalam terjemahan bahasa Indonesia.Hasil dan Simpulan : Angka prevalensi gangguan stres pasca trauma adalah 16,2% (11 subyek). Prevalensi pada subyek pasca rawat inap 21,1% sedangkan subyek rawat inap 10,7%. Hasil uji statistik X2 pada berbagai faktor demografi dan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya gangguan stres pasca trauma menemukan satu variabel yaitu jenis kelamin wanita mempunyai nilai p = 0,035. Observasi pada 11 subyek yang mengalami gangguan stres pasca trauma menemukan bahwa karakteristik gejala gangguan stres pasca trauma dari SCID1/ DSM-IV yang terbanyak adalah gejala perasaan bahwa masa depan menjadi pendek (kelompok C) dan respon kejut yang berlebihan yaitu 81,8% sedangkan yang paling sedikit adalah gejala tidak mampu untuk mengingat aspek penting dari trauma yaitu 27,3%.

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Background: Patients with moderate and severe burn wounds have high morbidity and mortality. Morbidity occurs due to physical as well as psychological disorders. Up to 46.6% of the burn wound patients develop psychiatric disorders. Post-traumatic stress disorder constitutes one of the common psychiatric disorders and is frequently under diagnosed in burn wound patients. This disorder often becomes a complicating factor for optional recovery of burn wound patients. The prevalence rates from a variety of studies in other countries reveal different outcomes; generally the prevalence rate increase in the first year. The purpose of this study was to elicit information on how high the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder was among the burn wound patients at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta.

Methods: This study was cross-sectional, performed on 66 moderate and severe burn wound patients who presented to Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. The samples were taken by consecutive sampling. The observation of the 34 subjects was conducted on the premises of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and the other 32 subjects were observed in their homes. The used instrument was structured clinical interview for D5M-IV Axis-1 Disorder (SCID-1) in the Indonesian version.

Result and conclusion: The prevalence rate of post-traumatic stress disorder was 16.2% (11 subjects). The prevalence in the post-hospitalized subjects was 21.1% and 10.7% for the hospitalized subjects. The result of X2 statistic tests of a variety of demographic factor and factors that influenced the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder found one variable, namely female gender whose p value was 0.035. Observation of 11 subjects who developed post-traumatic stress disorder found the most common characteristics of post-traumatic stress disorder from SCID-1/DSM-IV were a feeling that the future became short (group C), and response of excessive surprise (81.8%) whereas the least common was the symptom of being unable to recall the significant aspect of the trauma (27.3%)."