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"Coleman & Karraker (2000) menyebutkan elemen kognitif utama yang potensial dari kompetensi pengasuhan salah satunya adalah parenting self-efficacy. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi parenting self-efficacy tersebut adalah dukungan sociomarital. Belsky's juga menyatakan bahwa hubungan pernikahan adalah dukungan social utama dalam mekanisme kompetensi parenting (dalam Bogenschneider, Small, Tsay, 1997). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui mengenai perbedaan parenting self-efficacy pada ibu tunggal bekerja dan ibu menikah bekerja penuh waktu dengan anak usia kanak-kanak madya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengunakan alat ukur "Self-Efficacy for Parenting Task Index" (Coleman & Karraker, 2000). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan parenting self-efficacy antara ibu tunggal dan ibu menikah bekerja dengan anak usia kanak-kanak madya dengan nilai (t = 2.019, p = 0.048, signifikan pada L.o.S 0.05).

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Coleman & Karraker (2000) states that one of the potential main cognitive element of parenting competence is parenting self-efficacy. Sociomarital support is one of the factors that affects parenting self-efficacy. Belsky's also explains that marital relation is the focal social support in parenting competence mechanism (in Bogenschneider, Small, Tsay, 1997). The research aims to know the difference between single working mother and married working mother who both working full time and having middle-aged children. The research is conducted using the "Self-Efficacy for Parenting Task Index" measuring instrument (Coleman & Karraker, 2000). The result concludes there is significant difference in parenting self-efficacy between single working mother and married working mother who both have middle-aged children with score (t = 2.019, p = 0.048, significant in L.o.S 0.05)."

"Pengasuhan yang dilakukan oleh orangtua terhadap anak memiliki hubungan dengan pengalaman keterlibatan orangtua di masa lalu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh antara ketiga dimensi persepsi keterlibatan orangtua (ayah dan ibu) yaitu instrumental, ekspresif, dan mentoring/advising terhadap parenting self-efficacy pada orangtua dengan anak usia kanak-kanak madya. Persepsi keterlibatan orangtua merupakan sejauh mana orangtua menunjukkan perilaku yang menandakan bahwa mereka ikut berpartisipasi dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan anak. Parenting self-efficacy merupakan persepsi dalam memandang kemampuannya yang dapat memengaruhi perilaku dan perkembangan anak secara positif. Pada penelitian ini, pengukuran persepsi keterlibatan orangtua menggunakan alat ukur Reported Father Involvement Scales (Finley & Schwartz, 2004) dan Reported Mother Involvement Scales (Finley, Mira, & Schwartz, 2008), sedangkan pengukuran parenting self-efficacy menggunakan alat ukur Self-Efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI) (Coleman & Karraker, 2000). Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 302 orangtua dengan anak usia kanak-kanak madya dan berada di rentang usia 25-45 tahun yang diperoleh dengan teknik convenience sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh antara ketiga dimensi persepsi keterlibatan ayah yang signifikan secara bersama-sama terhadap parenting self-efficacy F(3,298)= 3,959, p<0,01. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh antara ketiga dimensi persepsi keterlibatan ibu yang signifikan secara bersama-sama terhadap parenting self-efficacy F(3,298)= 2,858, p<0,05. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini yaitu diharapkan orangtua meningkatkan keterlibatannya dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan anak dan memberikan pengasuhan yang positif bagi anak-anak mereka.

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Parenting correlates with how ones parent involve in childhood experience. This research was conducted to determine the influence of the three dimensions of perceived parental involvement (father and mother) that is instrumental, expressive, and mentoring/advising on parenting self-efficacy among parents with middle childhood children. Perceived parental involvement refers to the extent to which parents participate in various aspects of their children?s lives. Parenting self-efficacy is parents perceptions of their ability to positively influence the behavior and development of their children. Perceived parental involvement was measured by Reported Father Involvement Scales (Finley & Schwartz, 2004) and Reported Mother Involvement Scales (Finley, Mira, & Schwartz, 2008), parenting self-efficacy was measured by Self-Efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI) (Coleman & Karraker, 2000). Participants in this study were 302 parents aged 25-45 years with middle childhood children are obtained through convenience sampling technique. This research used quantitive method. The results showed that there was a significant influence of three dimensions of perceived father involvement on parenting self-efficacy F(3,298)= 3,959, p<0,01, also there was a significant influences of three dimensions of perceived mother involvement on parenting self-efficacy F(3,298)= 2,858, p<0,05. The implication of this research is parent are expected to increase their involvement in various aspects of their children's lives and provide positive parenting to their children."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara parenting self-efficacy dan konflik peran pada ibu bekerja dari toddler. Pengukuran parenting self-efficacy dilakukan dengan alat ukur Self-Efficacy Parenting for Tasks Index - Toddler Scale (SEPTI-TS) yang dikembangkan oleh Coleman (1998), sedangkan konflik peran diukur melalui Wave V Role Conflict Scale yang dikembangkan oleh Markle (1998). Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 142 ibu bekerja dari toddler yang bekerja minimal selama 40 jam per minggunya.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara parenting self-efficacy dan konflik peran (r= -0.390, n=142, p< 0.01, two tail). Artinya, semakin tinggi parenting self-efficacy ibu, semakin rendah konflik peran yang dialami, begitupun sebaliknya.

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This study examined the relationship between parenting self-efficacy and role conflict among working mothers of toddler. Parenting self-efficacy was measured by Self-Efficacy Parenting for Tasks Index - Toddler Scale (SEPTI-TS) developed by Coleman (1998), whereas role conflict was measured by Wave V Role Conflict Scale developed by Markle (1998). The participants of this study were 142 working mothers of toddler who work at leat 40 hours per week.

The result of this study shows that there is a significant, negative relationship, between parenting self-efficacy and role conflict (r= -0.390, n=142, p< 0.01, two tail). It indicates that the higher mothers’ parenting self-efficacy, the lower their role conflict, and vice versa."

"Penelitian skripsi ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara father involvement dengan parenting self-efficacy pada ibu yang memiliki anak usia kanak-kanak madya. Pada penelitian ini, pengukuran father involvement menggunakan alat ukur Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI) yang disusun oleh Hawkins dkk (2002), sedangkan pengukuran parenting self-efficacy menggunakan alat ukur Self-Efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI) yang disusun oleh Coleman & Karakker (2000). Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 79 ibu yang memiliki anak usia 5 - 12 tahun.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara father involvement dengan parenting selfefficacy (r = + 0,431; n = 79; p < 0,01; one tail). Dari hasil ini dapat dikatakan bahwa semakin tinggi keterlibatan suami dalam proses parenting, maka semakin tinggi pula parenting self-efficacy ibu. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut keterlibatan ayah dalam proses parenting perlu ditingkatkan karena dapat meningkatkan keyakinan ibu akan kemampuannya untuk menjalankan peran sebagai orangtua bagi anak-anaknya.

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This research was conducted to determine the relationship between father involvement and parenting self-efficacy among mothers of middle childhood. Father involvement was measured by Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI) (Hawkins et.al, 2002), parenting self-efficacy was measured by Self -Efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI) (Coleman & Karakker, 2000). Participants in this study were 79 mothers of children aged 5 - 12 years.

The results of this study indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between father involvement and parenting self-efficacy (r = + 0,431; n = 79; p < 0,01; one tail). From these results it can be said that the higher the father’s involvement in the parenting process, the higher the mother's parenting self-efficacy. Based on these results the involvement of fathers in the parenting process needs to be improved because the mother will have increased confidence in their ability to perform the role of a parent for their children."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara parenting self-efficacy dan work-family conflict pada ibu dari toddler yang bekerja sebagai perawat. Pengukuran parenting self-efficacy menggunakan alat ukur Self-Efficacy Parenting for Tasks Index ? Toddler Scale yang dikembangkan oleh Coleman (1998), sedangkan work-family conflict diukur melalui Work Family Conflict Scale yang dikembangkan oleh Carlson, dkk (2000). Partisipan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 51 ibu dari anak yang berada pada tahap toddler dan bekerja sebagai perawat.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara parenting self-efficacy dan work-family conflict (r=-0.512, n=51, p< 0.01, two-tail). Hal tersebut berarti bahwa semakin tinggi parenting selfefficacy pada ibu dari toddler, maka semakin rendah work-family conflict yang dialami ibu; begitu pula sebaliknya.

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This study examined the correlation between parenting self-efficacy and workfamily conflict among mothers of toddler who work as nurses. Parenting selfefficacy was measured by Self-Efficacy Parenting for Tasks Index ? Toddler Scale developed by Coleman (1998), whereas work-family conflict was measured by Work Family Conflict Scale developed by Carlson et al (2000). The participants of this study was 51 mothers of toddler and work as nurses.

The result of this study showed that there is a significant, negative correlation, between parenting self-efficacy and wprk-family conflict (r=-0.512, n=51, p< 0.01, twotail). That is, the higher mother?s parenting self-efficacy, lower work-family conflict; and vice versa."

"[ABSTRAKbrTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan antara parenting self-efficacy dengan hardiness sebagai respon dari fenomena meningkatknya jumlah ibu tunggal bekerja dan memiliki kanak-kanak madya di Indonesia, agar bisa membantu menghadapi tekanan perannya dengan baik. Parenting self-efficacy adalah persepsi kemampuan dalam pengasuhan yang dimilikinya untuk secara positif mempengaruhi perilaku dan perkembangan anak (Coleman dan Karraker, 2000), sedangkan hardiness adalah variabel kepribadian yang memberikan kemampuan bagi individu untuk bertahan dalam kondisi yang kurang menguntungkan di dalam hidupnya (Kobasa, Maddi & Kahn, 1982). Penelitian ini dilakukan kepada 78 ibu tunggal bekerja yang memiliki kanak-kanak madya dengan metode kuesioner. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan secara positif antara parenting self-efficacy dengan hardiness (r = + 0.354; p < 0.01, two tails) yang diukur oleh 36 item Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI) dan 15 item Dispositional Resilience Scale 15 Revised (DRS-15 R).;The purpose of this study is to see the relationship between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness in respond to the phenomenon of the increasing number of single mother in Indonesia, in order to help them face the pressure of their role. Parenting self-efficacy refers to parents' perceptions of their ability to posi-tively influence the behavior and development of their children (Coleman & Karraker, 2000), while hardiness is a personality variable that functions as a resource to resist the negative consequences of adverse conditions (Kobasa, Maddi & Kahn, 1982). This correlational research has been done with 78 sample of working single mothers of middle childhood with a quetionaire method. The result shows that there‟s a positive and significant correlation between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness (r = + 0.354; p < 0.01, two tails) that is measured by 36 items of Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI), and 15 items of Dispositional Resilience Scale 15 Revised (DRS-15 R).;The purpose of this study is to see the relationship between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness in respond to the phenomenon of the increasing number of single mother in Indonesia, in order to help them face the pressure of their role. Parenting self-efficacy refers to parents' perceptions of their ability to posi-tively influence the behavior and development of their children (Coleman & Karraker, 2000), while hardiness is a personality variable that functions as a resource to resist the negative consequences of adverse conditions (Kobasa, Maddi & Kahn, 1982). This correlational research has been done with 78 sample of working single mothers of middle childhood with a quetionaire method. The result shows that there‟s a positive and significant correlation between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness (r = + 0.354; p < 0.01, two tails) that is measured by 36 items of Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI), and 15 items of Dispositional Resilience Scale 15 Revised (DRS-15 R)., The purpose of this study is to see the relationship between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness in respond to the phenomenon of the increasing number of single mother in Indonesia, in order to help them face the pressure of their role. Parenting self-efficacy refers to parents' perceptions of their ability to posi-tively influence the behavior and development of their children (Coleman & Karraker, 2000), while hardiness is a personality variable that functions as a resource to resist the negative consequences of adverse conditions (Kobasa, Maddi & Kahn, 1982). This correlational research has been done with 78 sample of working single mothers of middle childhood with a quetionaire method. The result shows that there‟s a positive and significant correlation between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness (r = + 0.354; p < 0.01, two tails) that is measured by 36 items of Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI), and 15 items of Dispositional Resilience Scale 15 Revised (DRS-15 R).]"

"Beberapa hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara strategi pengasuhan dan parenting self-efficacy pada orangtua dengan anak usia kanak-kanak madya di benua Amerika. Adanya perbedaan budaya Amerika dan Asia membuat peneliti akan melakukan penelitian serupa di benua Asia, khususnya di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara strategi pengasuhan dan parenting self-efficacy pada orangtua dengan anak usia kanak-kanak madya. Partisipan penelitian adalah 302 orangtua pada rentang usia 25-45 tahun, yang memiliki anak usia kanak-kanak madya (5-12 tahun). Parenting self-efficacy adalah estimasi orangtua terhadap kompetensinya dalam menjalankan peran sebagai orangtua atau persepsi orangtua terhadap kemampuannya dalam memberikan pengaruh yang positif pada tingkah laku dan perkembangan anak (Coleman & Karraker, 2000), dan strategi pengasuhan adalah berbagai bentuk tingkah laku orangtua untuk mengarahkan dan memengaruhi perilaku anak (Laforce, 2004). Teknik statistik yang digunakan adalah teknik korelasi Pearson. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara strategi pengasuhan dan parenting self-efficacy, dengan nilai koefisien korelasi r = + 0.221, p < 0.01, one-tailed, yang diukur oleh 36 aitem Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI) dan 59 aitem Parenting Strategies Questionnaire (PSQ) ? refined version. Hasil tersebut berarti semakin tinggi strategi pengasuhan yang dimiliki orangtua, maka semakin tinggi pula tingkat parenting self-efficacy pada orangtua. Implikasi dari penelitian ini akan didiskusikan selanjutnya.

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Researches have shown the relationship between parenting strategies and parenting self-efficacy among parents with middle childhood children in America. Culture differences between America and Asia brings this study to find the relationship between parenting strategies and parenting self-efficacy in Asia, especially in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to find the relationship between parenting strategies and parenting self-efficacy among parents with middle childhood children. Participants in this study were 302 parents in age range from 25 to 45, who have child at middle childhood age (5-12 years old). Parenting self-efficacy is parents? estimation of their competences in parenting or parents? perception of their ability to provide positive influence in child behavior and child development (Coleman & Karraker, 2000), and parenting strategies are various forms of parents? behavior to direct and affect child?s behavior (Laforce, 2004). Statistical techniques that used in this study was Pearson correlation. The result of this study indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between parenting strategies and parenting self-efficacy in parents with child at middle childhood age, with coefficient correlation r = + 0.221, p < 0.01, one-tailed, as measured by 36 items of Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI) and 59 aitems of Parenting Strategies Questionnaire (PSQ) - refined version. This result shows the higher parents parenting strategies, then the higher level of parenting self efficacy in parents. Implication of this study are discussed."

"Parenting Self-Efficacy didefinisikan sebagai persepsi mengenai kemampuan yang dimiliki orang tua untuk dapat secara positif mempengaruhi tumbuh kembang anak (Coleman & Karakker, 2000). Penting bagi orang tua untuk memiliki Parenting Self-Efficacy yang tinggi, karena tingginya Parenting Self-Efficacy dikaitkan dengan kualitas parenting yang baik. Pada proses parenting anak adopsi, terdapat tantangan yang berbeda dari proses pengasuhan anak nonadopsi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gambaran deskriptif mengenai Parenting Self-Efficacy pada ibu yang memiliki anak adopsi usia anak-anak madya serta melihat pada domain manakah terdapat Parenting Self-Efficacy terendah dan tertinggi. Pegumpulan data dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan kuesioner SEPTI (Self-Efficacy Parenting Task Index) yang ditujukan kepada ibu yang memiliki anak adopsi usia 5-12 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukan sebagian besar subyek memiliki parenting self-efficacy yang rendah pada domain disiplin dan memiliki parenting self-efficacy yang tinggi pada domain kesehatan.

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Parenting self-efficacy is defined as parent?s perception of their ability to positively influence the behavior and development of their children (Coleman & karraker, 2000). It is important to have high parenting self-efficacy for parents. Because High of parenting self efficacy can affect the quality of parenting. There are different strain in the proccess parenting of adopted children than nonadopted children. The study was conducted to gain the description about parenting self efficacy in adoptive mother with middle aged children and want to know which domain have a highest and lowest parenting self efficacy. The design quantitative study was used in this study and using SEPTI (Self Efficacy Parenting Task Index) quetioner developed by Coleman and Karraker to 25 mothers who have adopted middle aged children. The result showes that the dicipline get the lowest skor and the healthy domain get the highest score."

"COVID-19 memberikan tantangan pengasuhan baru bagi ibu bekerja yang memiliki anak usia sekolah dasar. Kondisi tersebut berdampak pada rendahnya keyakinan ibu dalam pengasuhan karena ibu merasa bahwa waktu dan tenaga yang dapat dialokasikan dalam pengasuhan tidak maksimal. Rendahnya keyakinan diri ibu dalam pengasuhan sebenarnya dapat diatasi melalui mindful parenting sebagai strategi pengasuhan baru yang fokus pada aspek interpersonal maupun intrapersonal ibu. Akan tetapi, penelitian yang melandasi hal tersebut masih sangat terbatas. Maka, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kontribusi mindful parenting terhadap parenting self-efficacy pada ibu bekerja yang memiliki anak usia sekolah dasar (N=306) menggunakan Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale dan Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index. Uji analisis regresi dengan mengontrol variabel demografis yang berkaitan dengan pengalaman pengasuhan menunjukkan bahwa mindful parenting berkontribusi dalam memprediksi parenting self-efficacy. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar untuk penelitian lanjutan sekaligus menunjukkan bahwa intervensi untuk meningkatkan parenting selfefficacy dapat dilakukan melalui pelatihan implementasi mindful parenting.

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COVID-19 becomes new challenge for working mothers with primary school-age children. This condition has an impact on the mother’s low efficacy in parenting because the time and energy that can be allocated in parenting is limited. Low parenting self-efficacy can actually be overcome through mindful parenting as a new parenting strategy which focus on interpersonal and intrapersonal aspect of mother. However, the research that underlies contribution of mindful parenting toward parenting self-efficacy is still very limited. Thus, this study aims to investigate the contribution of mindful parenting toward parenting self-efficacy in working mothers with primay school-age children (N=306) using Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale and Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index. The multiple linear regression analysis test by controlling demographic variables showed that mindful parenting was contributes to predicting parenting self-efficacy. The result of this study can be used as the basis for further research and show that intervention to increase parenting self-efficacy able to be done through implementation of mindful parenting."