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"ABSTRAK

Sikap dan strategi pengajaran pada guru di sekolah inklusif memiliki pengaruh yang positif terhadap keberhasilan pendidikan inklusif. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji hubungan antara sikap dan strategi pengajaran gruru. Sebanyak seratus guru yang mengajar di SD inklusif dijadikan sampel dalam penelitian ini.

Hasil penelitian menemukan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara sikap dan strategi pengajaran guru di SD negeri inklusif. Di sisi lain, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara sikap dan strategi pengajaran guru di SD swasta inklusif. Penelitian ini juga menemukan tidak terdapat perbedaan strategi pengajaran guru di SD negeri Inklusif dan SD swasta inklusif. Sementara itu, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada komponen kognitif dan afektif sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif antara guru SD negeri inklusif dan guru SD swasta inklusif. Saran untuk penelitian selanjutnya didiskusikan dalam penelitian ini.

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ABSTRACT

It has been argued that attitudes and teaching strategies of teachers have positive effect on the successful implementation of inclusive education. This study was set up to examine the relationship between atitudes and teaching strategies of teachers. One hundred inclusive primary school teachers were involved in this research.

The results show that there is no significant correlation between attitudes and teaching strategies of teachers working in inclusive public primary school. On the other hand, it was found that teachers’ attitudes in inclusive private primary school has a significant correlation with their teaching strategies. Furthermore, there is a significant difference on cognitive and affective components of attitudes between groups of teachers working in the two types of school.The study

reveals that there is no a significant difference on teaching strategies between these groups. Recommendations for future research are discussed in the study.

"

"Pendidikan inklusif merupakan model pendidikan terintegrasi yang sedang berkembang bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan strategi pengajaran pada guru SMA Negeri Inklusif (N=56) dan SMA Swasta Inklusif (N=57). Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik accidental sampling dengan menggunakan alat ukur The Multidimensional Attitude Toward Inclusive Education Scale (MATIES) dan Bander Classroom Structure Questionnaire (BCSQ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan strategi pengajaran pada guru di SMA negeri inklusif dan SMA swasta inklusif. Dan tidak ditemukan perbedaan sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan strategi pengajaran pada kedua kelompok. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan untuk memberikan pelatihan terkait pendidikan inklusif dan penanganan anak kebutuhan khusus bagi para guru.

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Inclusive Education is the integrated education model that develop to special education students. The aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between attitude toward inclusive education and teaching strategy of teachers in inclusive public high school (N=56) and inclusive private high school (N=57). This research uses accidental sampling technique using The Multidimensional Attitude Toward Inclusive Education Scale (MATIES) and Bander Classroom Structure Questionnaire (BCSQ).

The result of this research shows that there is a significance correlation between attitude toward inclusive education and teaching strategy of teachers in inclusive public high school and inclusive private high school. And there is no difference between attitude toward inclusive education and teaching strategy in both groups. This research recommends the training about inclusive education and handling of children with special needs for the teachers."

"Pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif merupakan sebuah tantangan bagi guru karena guru harus dapat mengakomodasi kebutuhan belajar siswa reguler dan siswa berkebutuhan khusus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan dukungan emosional guru, serta memeroleh gambaran dukungan emosional guru di SD Negeri inklusif Depok N = 40. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Metode kuantitatif menggunakan MATIES VI dan kuesioner dukungan emosional, sedangkan metode kualitatif dengan observasi melalui rekaman video. Hasil penelitian menemukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan dukungan emosional guru. Diketahui pula bahwa perilaku dukungan emosional guru yang lebih sering muncul yaitu pada dimensi iklim positif.

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The implementation of inclusive education creates challenges for teachers who have to be able to accommodate learning needs of students with and without special educational needs SEN . The aims of this study were to investigate the correlation between teachers rsquo attitudes towards inclusive education and their emotional supports and to obtain the overview of teachers rsquo emotional supports on public primary inclusive schools in Depok N 40.

This study were conducted by quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative method using the MATIES VI and the emotional supports scale, and qualitative method using observation with video recording.

This study revealed that teachers rsquo attitudes towards inclusive education were related to their emotional supports. It was also found that teachers more frequently provide emotional supports on positive climate dimension."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan strategi pengajaran guru SMA inklusif (n=70) dan SMK inklusif (n=70). Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan MATIES VI (Mahat, 2008) untuk mengukur sikap guru dan BCSQ VI (Bender, 1988) untuk mengukur strategi pengajaran yang digunakan guru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada komponen sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif antara guru SMA inklusif dan SMK inklusif. Adapun guru SMK inklusif diketahui lebih banyak menggunakan strategi pengajaran yang menunjang pendidikan inklusif dan diferensiasi strategi daripada guru SMA inklusif. Selain itu, terdapat korelasi positif yang signifikan antara komponen perilaku sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan strategi pengajaran pada guru SMA inklusif maupun SMK inklusif. Artinya, semakin positif perilaku guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif, maka semakin sering dan bervariasi strategi pengajaran yang digunakan guru. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, sekolah inklusif disarankan mengadakan pelatihan bagi guru, terutama mengenai pengajaran siswa berkebutuhan khusus.

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This study aimed to determine the correlation of teachers? attitudes towards inclusive education and teaching strategies in inclusive high school (n=70) and vocational school (n=70). This quantitative study uses MATIES VI (Mahat, 2008) to measure the attitudes and BCSQ VI (Bender, 1988) to measure the teaching strategies used by teachers.

The results showed that there was no significant difference in attitude between inclusive high school and vocational school teachers. The inclusive vocational school teachers known to use more teaching strategies that support inclusive education and differentiation strategies rather than inclusive high school teachers.

In addition, there is a significant positive correlation between behaviour component of attitudes toward inclusive education and teaching strategies in inclusive high school and vocational school teachers. That is, the more positive behaviour of teachers towards inclusive education, the more frequent teaching strategies used by teacher. Based on these results, inclusive schools are suggested to held training for teachers, especially about teaching students with special needs."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan strategi pengajaran guru SMP Negeri Inklusif ditinjau dari kelompok mata pelajaran Ujian Nasional (n=56) dan non-­Ujian Nasional (n=57). Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan MATIES (Mahat, 2008) untuk mengukur sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dalam komponen kognitif, afektif, dan perilaku. Alat ukur BCSQ (Bender, 1992) untuk mengukur strategi pengajaran keseluruhan, individual, dan kognitif di kelas inklusif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif dan signifikan pada komponen perilaku (sikap) dengan strategi pengajaran keseluruhan dan individual yang dilakukan guru UN dan non-­UN. Artinya, ketika kedua kelompok memiliki kesediaan untuk melakukan tindakan yang mendukung siswa berkebutuhan khusus di kelas inklusif, maka semakin sering guru menggunakan strategi pengajaran yang beragam, dan yang mengorganisasikan materi pelajaran sesuai kemampuan dan minat siswa.Hasil perbandingan variabel sikap antara kedua kelompok guru diketahui terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada komponen afektif, yaitu guru non-­UN memiliki perasaan yang cenderung positif sebaliknya guru UN memiliki perasaan yang cenderung negatif terhadap pendidikan inklusif. Perbandingan strategi pengajaran antara guru UN dan non-­UN tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan, dimana keduanya sama-­sama sering menggunakan strategi pengajaran keseluruhan, individual, dan kognitif. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, pemerintah dan sekolah inklusif disarankan mengadakan pelatihan bagi guru.

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This study aimed to determine the relationship between attitude towards inclusive education and teaching strategy of inclusive public junior high school teacher based on National Exam (n=56) and non-­National Exam (n=57) subject group. This quantitative study uses MATIES (Mahat, 2008) to measure the attitude in three components: cognitive, affective, and behavior. And BCSQ uses (Bender, 1992) to measure the three types of teaching strategy: total score, individualized, and cognitive that used by teachers.The results showed that there is a significant positive correlation for behavior component of attitude with total score and individualized teaching strategy in both groups. That is, when both groups have willingness to take action that support students with special needs in inclusive classrooms, so teachers more often use variety of teaching strategies and organizing subject matter according to ability and interest of each student. In addition, there are significant difference of affective component of attitudes between National Exam and non-­National Exam subject teacher. Its mean that non-­National Exam subject have more positive attitude towards inclusive besides another have more negative attitude. The comparison between both groups in teaching strategies showed no significant difference. Its mean that, both groups equally often use total score, individualized, and cognitive teaching strategies in inclusive classroom. Based on these results, government and inclusive schools are suggested to held training for teachers."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan kesediaan menyesuaikan strategi pengajaran dosen program studi ilmu psikologi. Responden penelitian ini adalah 81 dosen psikologi dari lima perguruan tinggi swasta berbeda dan 61 dosen dari tiga perguruan tinggi negeri berbeda. Pada penelitian ini, sikap dosen terhadap pendidikan inklusif di ukur dengan menggunakan MATIES VI (Mahat, 2008). Sedangkan kesediaan menyesuaikan strategi pengajaran diukur dengan menggunakan KMSP (Hawpe, 2013). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan kesedian menyesuaikan strategi pengajaran pada dosen program studi psikologi perguruan tinggi negeri maupun swasta. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa, semakin positif sikap dosen terhadap pendidikan inklusif, maka dosen semakin bersedia menyesuaikan strategi pengajaran. Selain itu, tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan kesediaan menyesuaikan strategi pengajaran antara dosen perguruan tinggi negeri dan swasta.

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This study aims to determine the relationship between attitudes toward inclusive education and willingness to adjust psychology?s lecturer strategies teaching. Respondents are 81 psychology lecturers from five different private universities and 61 psychology lecturers from three different public universities. In this study, the lecturers attitude towards inclusive education measured by MATIES VI (Mahat, 2008). While the willingness to adjust teaching strategies measured by KMSP (Hawpe, 2013).

The result showed a significant relationship between attitudes toward inclusive education and willingness to adjust teaching strategies of psychology lecturers in public and private universities. It shows that, the more positive attitude towards inclusive education lecturers, increase the willingness of lecturers to adjust the teaching strategies. In addition, there was no significant difference between attitudes towards inclusive education and willingness to adjust teaching strategies between lecturers from public and private universities."

"Pelayanan pendidikan selayaknya dapat dinikmati oleh seluruh masyarakat, termasuk individu dengan kebutuhan khusus. Bentuk pelayanan pendidikan yang efektif bagi individu berkebutuhan khusus di seluruh jenjang adalah pendidikan inklusif. Namun, pelayanan pendidikan inklusif di tingkat perguruan tinggi belum mendapatkan perhatian yang memadai dari pemerintah. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah minimnya informasi mengenai kesiapan perguruan tinggi untuk melaksanakan pendidikan inklusif. Sikap dosen terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan kesediaan menyesuaikan strategi pengajaran bagi mahasiswa berkebutuhan khusus adalah dua hal yang mempengaruhi kesuksesan pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dengan kesediaan menyesuaikan strategi pengajaran, dan melihat perbedaan antara sikap dan kesediaan melakukan penyesuaian antara dosen di rumpun sains dan humaniora. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 71 responden (N sains = 27;N humaniora = 44). Pengambilan data yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner, menunjukkan hasil bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara komponen sikap dan kesediaan melakukan penyesuaian strategi pengajaran pada setiap komponennya, serta terdapat perbedaan sikap yang signifikan antara dosen sains dan humaniora.

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Education services should be available for all, including individuals with special needs. Educational services efectively for individuals with special needs in all levels is given in inclusive education form. However, government gives little attention for inclusive education services at university level. One of the reason is because the lack of information about college readiness for implementing inclusive education. Faculty's attitudes toward inclusive education and willingness to adjust teaching strategies for students with special needs are two important issues that affect the success of inclusive education.

This study aims to examine the relationship between attitudes towards inclusive education and willingness to adjust teaching strategies, and see the difference between the attitude and willingness to adjust teaching strategies between clumps of lecturer in science and humanities. The study was conducted on 71 respondents (N = 27 science; humanities N = 44). Data were obtained using questionnaire, showing a significant relationship between the components of attitude and willingness to adjust teaching strategies, and showing significant difference in attitudes between science and humanities faculty."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara teacher efficacy dan dimensi teacher efficacy dengan sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif di sekolah dasar inklusif negeri. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur teacher efficacy adalah Teachers? Sense of Efficacy Scale sedangkan untuk mengukur sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif digunakan Multidimensional Atitude toward Inclusive Education Scale (MATIES). Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah guru-guru di sekolah dasar inklusif negeri (N=100). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara teacher efficacy dan sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif. Dengan kata lain, ketika guru memiliki skor teacher efficacy yang tinggi, guru tersebut cenderung memiliki sikap yang positif terhadap pendidikan inklusif. Sebaliknya, ketika guru memiliki skor teacher efficacy yang rendah, maka guru tersebut cenderung memiliki sikap yang negatif terhadap pendidikan inklusif. Hasil penelitian yang berkaitan dengan dimensi teacher efficacy ditemukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan pada dimensi instructional strategies & student engagement dengan sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif di sekolah dasar inklusif negeri. Sebaliknya, untuk dimensi classroom management ditemukan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dengan sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif di sekolah dasar inklusif negeri. Untuk meningkatkan teacher efficacy yang dimiliki oleh guru di sekolah dasar inklusif negeri, pihak sekolah dapat menyediakan fasilitas seperti alat peraga dan guru pendamping khusus serta membatasi jumlah siswa di tiap kelas.

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This research is conducted to find about the relationship between teacher efficacy and dimensions of teacher efficacy with attitude toward inclusive education in public inclusive elementary school. The instruments of this study were Teachers? Sense of Efficacy Scale (to measure teacher efficacy) and Multidimensional Atitude toward Inclusive Education Scale (MATIES) (to measure attitude teacher toward inclusive education). Participants of this study were teacher in public inclusive elementary school (N=100).

The result of research showed that there is a positive significant correlation between teacher efficacy and attitude toward inclusive education in public inclusive elementary school. This finding suggests when teachers have high score in teacher efficacy, they tend to have positive attitude toward inclusive education. On the contrary, when teachers have low score in teacher efficacy, they tend to have negative attitude toward inclusive education.

The results of research related to dimensions of teacher efficacy found that there is positive significant correlation between efficacy in student engagement and efficacy in instructional strategies dimensions with teacher attitude toward inclusive education in public inclusive elementary school. In the other hand, efficacy in classroom management dimension showed there is no positive significant correlation with attitude toward inclusive education in public inclusive elementary school. In order to increase teacher efficacy in public inclusive elementary school, schools can provide facilities such as property to teach, shadow teachers and also to limit the number of student in each class."

"Pendidikan inklusif menuntut guru untuk berinteraksi tidak hanya dengan siswa reguler namun juga siswa berkebutuhan khusus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan manajemen kelas, serta mendapatkan gambaran manajemen kelas seperti apa yang dilakukan guru di kelas inklusif. Sejumlah 40 guru kelas dari delapan Sekolah Dasar Negeri Inklusif di Depok terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif diukur menggunakan MATIES-VI dan manajemen kelas diukur melalui alat ukur manajemen kelas. Untuk melihat perilaku manajemen kelas guru, dilakukan observasi melalui video rekaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan manajemen kelas dengan nilai korelasi r sebesar 0,475 ? < 0,01 . Sementara hasil observasi memperlihatkan bahwa perilaku manajemen kelas guru lebih sering muncul pada dimensi format pembelajaran.

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Inclusive education requires teachers to interact not only with regular students but also special educational need SEN student. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between the teachers rsquo attitudes towards inclusive education and classroom management, and also get an overview about classroom management that teachers actually do in inclusive classroom. 40 teachers from eight Inclusive Public Primary School in Depok has been willing to engage in this research. The attitude of teachers towards inclusive education is measured using the MATIES VI and classroom management is measured by classroom management instrument. To view the teachers rsquo classroom management, observations was done through the video footage.

The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the teachers rsquo attitude towards inclusive education and classroom management with a value of correlation r of 0,475 at 0,002 significance 0,01 . While the results of observations show that teachers rsquo classroom management behavior occurred more frequently in learning format dimension."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu mengenai hubungan antara sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan penerimaan teman sebaya pada peserta didik madrasah ibtidaiyah inklusif. Madrasah ibtidaiyah sendiri berfokus pada pengembangan kompetensi akhlak dan aqidah yang membedakannya dengan sekolah umum. Studi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan meminta partisipan mengisi alat ukur Peer Acceptance Scale (Mariyam, 2016) dan Multidimensional Attitudes toward Inclusive Education Scale Versi Indonesia (Sihombing, 2014) yang telah diadaptasi. Hasil pengujian korelasi menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif yang signifikan namun lemah antara kedua variabel tersebut dalam lingkup madrasah ibtidaiyah inklusif (rs(792) = .071, p = .045). Dari penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa nilai Islam yang terdapat dalam konteks madrasah dapat memberikan gambaran positif terhadap hubungan antara sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan penerimaan teman sebaya pada peserta didik.

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This study aims to find out about the relationship between teachers' attitudes towards inclusive education and peer acceptance among inclusive madrasah ibtidaiyah students. Madrasah ibtidaiyah itself focuses on developing moral and aqidah competencies that differentiate it from the public schools. The study was conducted using a quantitative method by asking participants to fill in the adapted Peer Acceptance Scale (Mariyam, 2016) and the Indonesian Version of Multidimensional Attitudes toward Inclusive Education Scale (Sihombing, 2014). The results of the correlation test showed that there was a significant but weak positive relationship between the two variables within the scope of inclusive madrasah ibtidaiyah (rs(792) = .071, p = .045). From this study, it was found that the Islamic values found in the context of madrasah can provide a positive general picture of the relationship between teacher attitudes toward inclusive education and peer acceptance among the students."