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"The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the ergonomics aspects of the first prototype of a folding bike designed by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Indonesia (DME UI) in a virtual environment. Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) is used as an analysis approach that integrates the results of three methods: Low Back Analysis (LBA), Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS), and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). The objective is to determine the optimal design configuration of a folding bicycle based from an ergonomics perspective. For male and female riders, the optimal configuration is obtained when the height of the handlebar is 32 cm and the height of the saddle is 83 cm. This study proved that a virtual environment could strengthen the ergonomics evaluation, especially in posture condition exploration"

"ABSTRAKPekerjaan menggunakan komputer dengan postur tubuh cenderung statis dapat menyebabkan ketidaknyamanan dan keluhan kesehatan. Kondisi workstation mempengaruhi postur tubuh yang dibentuk oleh pegawai. Ketidaksesuaian antara pekerja dan workstation memperbesar risiko terbentuknya postur janggal. Telitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko ergonomi pada pegawai yang menggunakan komputer di Ditjen Binwasnaker Kemnakertrans tahun 2013. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan pendekatan semi kuantitatif. Analisis risiko dilakukan dengan kuesioner dan observasi untuk mengidentifikasi pekerjaan yang berisiko, nordic body map, lembar kerja RULA untuk penilaian postur kerja serta observasi terhadap disain tempat kerja. Hasil telitian menunjukkan risiko ergonomi terbentuknya postur janggal pada anggota tubuh lengan atas, lengan bawah, pergelangan tangan, leher, batang tubuh dan kaki dengan tingkat risiko level 3 dan 4. Postur janggal tersebut disebabkan karena disain tempat kerja yang tidak sesuai dengan standar yang direkomendasikan.

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ABSTRACTThe use of computer in the work place with a static posture tends to cause discomfort and health complaints. The design of the workstation will effect to the employees posture. Mismatch between workers and workstations increases the risk of awkward postures. The purpose of this research was to determinate the ergonomic risk factors of the Ditjen Binwasnaker Kemnakertrans employees whose used computer in 2013. This study used cross sectional design with semi-quantitative type of research. Risk analysis carried out by questioner and observation high risk job, nordic body map, measurement of posture performed using RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) worksheets and observation of workplace design. The results of this research showed that ergonomic risk caused the awkward postures on limb upper arm, forearm, wrist, neck, torso and legs with a risk level 3 and 4. This is caused by the workplace design not comply with recommended standard."

"Risiko ergonomis terhadap postur kerja staf layanan kesehatan yang bertanggung jawab atas perawatan pasien, memiliki risiko lebih rentan yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit muskuloskeletal dibandingkan dengan bidang kerja lainnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan gambaran postur kerja dan keluhan muskuloskeletal dengan menggunakan slide sheet dan manual untuk perawat di Unit Stroke Jatinegara Premier.Ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan studi cross sectional, faktor independen dari faktor pekerjaan (durasi, beban, shift kerja, pegangan beban metode kerja), faktor individu (usia, masa kerja, jenis kelamin, indeks massa tubuh), menggunakan REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) untuk gambaran postur kerja dan kuesioner NBM (Nordic Body Map) untuk mendapatkan gambaran dengan menggunakan Skala Likert 4 indikator keluhan nyeri. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan rumus besar sampel untuk beda proporsi dua kelompok (satu arah) oleh Gerr et al., 2002 didapatkan besaran 14 sampel.Hasilnya dari penelitian untuk postur kerja pada penangangan pasien secara manual dengan metode REBA didapatkan postur kerja dengan risiko ergonomi tinggi dengan nilai rata-rata 8 sampai dengan 10 sedangkan dengan menggunakan slide sheet rata-rata adalah 3 sampai dengan 7 dengan kategori risiko ergonomi sedang, untuk keluhan muskuloskeletal pada penanganan pasien secara manual berdasarkan kuesioner Nordic Body Map didapatkan tingkat nyeri rata-rata 2 sampai dengan 3 yaitu sedikit ada keluhan nyeri di bagian atas leher, leher bagian bawah, bahu kiri, bahu kanan, lengan atas, di punggung dan pinggang sedangkan penanganan pasien menggunakan slide sheet tingkat nyeri rata-rata 1sampai dengan 2 yaitu tidak ada keluhan sama sekali.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian adanya hubungan signifikan antara postur kerja dengan keluhan musculoskeletal disorders pada penggunaan slide sheet dan manual dengan jenis kelamin (p value <0,05) dan masa kerja (p value <0,05).Disarankan untuk rumah sakit menambah jumlah slide sheet dan melakukan evaluasi dan monitoring terhadap postur kerja ergonomis pada penanganan pasien.

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Ergonomic risk towards the work posture of health service staff responsible for patient care has more vulnerable risks that could cause musculoskeletal disorders compared to other occupational fields. The purpose of this study is to describe work posture and musculoskeletal disorders by using slide sheets and manuals for Stroke Uni nurses in premier Jatinegara Hospitalt.

This is an analytical observational study with a cross sectional design. Variables of this study contain factors independent of occupational factors (duration, burden, work shift, handle of work method load), individual factors (age, years of service, gender, body mass index), by using REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) to describe work posture and NBM (Nordic Body Map) questionnaire to describe pain complaints with Likert Scale 4 indicators. Sampling using the sample size formula for different proportions of two groups (one direction) by Gerr et al., 2002 quation collected 14 samples.

Based on the results of this study on the work posture of patient handling calculated manually with the REBA method, it is obtained a high ergonomic risk work posture with an average value of 8 to10, while using slide sheets is the average of 3 to 7 (moderate ergonomic risk category). The average of pain level of musculoskeletal disorders on patients handling based on the NBM questionnaire is 2 to 3, there was a slight complaint of pain at the top of the neck, lower neck, left shoulder, right shoulder, upper arm, back and waist, while using slide sheets is the average of 1 to 2 (no complaints).

Based on the results of this study were significantly between that work posture and musculoskeletal complaints by using slide sheet and manuals releated to gender (p value<0,05) and work periode (p value<0,05). It is suggested to hospital to add the slide sheets, evaluate and monitor the ergonomic work posture for handling patients."

"The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the ergonomics aspects of the first prototype of a folding bike designed by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Indonesia (DME UI) in a virtual environment. Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) is used as an analysis approach that integrates the results of three methods: Low Back Analysis (LBA), Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS), and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). The determine the optimal design configuration of a folding bicycle based from an ergonomics perspective. For male and female riders, the optimal configuration is obtained when the height of the handlebar is 32 cm and the height of the saddle is 83 cm. This study proved that a virtual environment could strengthen the ergonomics evaluation, especially in posture condition exploration."

"ABSTRAKIndustri tekstil dan garmen adalah salah satu industri terpenting di dunia. Di Indonesia, industri tekstil dan garmen adalah satu dari sepuluh industri yang diprioritaskan dari Rencana Induk Pengembangan Industri Naosional (RIPIN) 2015-2035. Karakteristik pekerjaan dalam industri garmen umumnya proses penanganan material dan proses yang melibatkan permesinan yang memiliki pengulangan yang tinggi pada satu jenis otot yang dapat menyebabkan Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorder (WMSD). WMSD adalah salah satu masalah kesehatan kerja terbesar saat ini. Dalam penelitian ini, pekerja divisi sablon industri garmen UMKM PT.X yang memiliki risiko tertinggi di salah satu UMKM di Jakarta dievaluasi untuk postur kerja mereka menggunakan indeks evaluasi postur menggunakan virtual environment dalam software Jack. Pekerja divisi sablon PT. X memiliki risiko WMSD dari nilai PEI dan analisis ergonomi lainnya (LBA, OWAS, dan RULA). Nilai PEI yang didapat berkisar dari 1,12 hingga 2,7. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pekerja memiliki risiko low dan medium to low injury dari postur kerja yang dilakukan.<

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ABSTRACTTextile and garment industry is one of the most important industries in the world. In Indonesia, textile and garment industry is one of ten industries prioritized from the 2015-2035 Nation Industrial Development Master Plan (RIPIN). Job characteristics in the garment industry ae generally material-handling processes and processes involving machinery that have high repetition that can cause Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorder (WMSD). WMSD is one of the biggest occupational health problems nowadays. In this research, workers of screen printing division of garment industry Small Medium Enterprise (SME) PT.X which has the highest risk in one of the SME in Jakarta were evaluated for their working postures using posture evaluation index using virtual environment in Jack simulation. PT. X has a risk of WMSD from PEI values and other ergonomic analysis (LBA, OWAS, and RULA). The PEI values obtained ranged from 1.12 to 2.7. The results show that workers have a low and medium to low injury risk from the work posture performed.

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"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengkaji aspek ergonomis desain pesawat perintis berpenumpang 19 berdasarkan aktivitas egress darurat pilot untuk menghasilkan rekomendasi desain pesawat perintis ergonomis yang mendukung aktivitas egress darurat pilot. Dihasilkan usulan konfigurasi dari pintu darurat, handle di bagian kokpit, serta foot step di bagian kokpit dan di bawah pintu darurat yang akan dianalisis. Pendekatan metode yang digunakan adalah metode digital human modelling dengan sistem penilaian PEI yang mengintegrasikan tiga metode yaitu Low Back Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis System, dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu usulan konfigurasi desain pintu darurat dengan tinggi 85.24 cm dan lebar 46.64 cm; konfigurasi foot step di bawah pintu darurat dengan ukuran panjang 26.6 cm, lebar 20 cm dan tinggi 10 cm; konfigurasi foot step di bagian luar badan kokpit berukuran panjang 10 cm dan lebar 22 cm; serta didapatkan juga hasil konfigurasi handle terbaik dari sisi ergonomi dengan ukuran tinggi 20 cm dan panjang 10 cm.ABSTRACTThis research studies the ergonomics aspect 19-Passenger STOL (Short Takeoff and Landing) Utility Aircraft based on activities egress emergency pilot to get the recommendation of an ergonomic aircraft design that supports activities egress emergency pilot according to the Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) result. Researcher proposed configuration tools from emergency exit door, handle in the cockpit, foot step in the cockpit and below the emergency exit door to be analyzed, where the configuration of this tool is able to assist the pilot emergency egress. Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) was an approach that integrated the results of these three analysis methods Lowback Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis System, and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. This research has some results, they are a configuration of emergency exit door with a height of 85.24 cm and wide of 46.64 cm; a configuration of foot step under the emergency exit door with a length of 26.6 cm, a width of 20 cm and a height of 10 cm; a configuration of foot step outside the cockpit with a length of 10 cm and a width of 22 cm; and also obtained the best results for a configuration of an ergonomic handle is 20 cm in height and a length is 10 cm., This research studies the ergonomics aspect 19-Passenger STOL (Short Takeoff and Landing) Utility Aircraft based on activities egress emergency pilot to get the recommendation of an ergonomic aircraft design that supports activities egress emergency pilot according to the Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) result. Researcher proposed configuration tools from emergency exit door, handle in the cockpit, foot step in the cockpit and below the emergency exit door to be analyzed, where the configuration of this tool is able to assist the pilot emergency egress. Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) was an approach that integrated the results of these three analysis methods Lowback Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis System, and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. This research has some results, they are a configuration of emergency exit door with a height of 85.24 cm and wide of 46.64 cm; a configuration of foot step under the emergency exit door with a length of 26.6 cm, a width of 20 cm and a height of 10 cm; a configuration of foot step outside the cockpit with a length of 10 cm and a width of 22 cm; and also obtained the best results for a configuration of an ergonomic handle is 20 cm in height and a length is 10 cm.]"

"This study was carried out to examine the ergonomic aspects of the design of the Tactical Commander Console (TACCO) in the virtual environment of medium-range twin-engine ? Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA). The analysis was conducted using Jack 6.0 software. The evaluation method used in this study is the Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) method that integrates the results of analysis from three methods: Lower Back Analysis (LBA), Ovako Working Posture Analysis (OWAS), and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the actual design of TACCO and to identify the most ergonomic design configuration, which is reviewed according to the distance and tilt angle of the control panel and the height of the chair. The results of this study show that the optimal ergonomic design for TACCO is as follows: panel at a distance of 10 cm, tilt angle of 60?, and a chair height of 29.5 cm."

"Penelitian ini mengkaji aspek ergonomi pada desain tas ransel militer dalam model Virtual Environment. Tujuannya adalah mengevaluasi desain aktual tas ransel militer dan menentukan konfigurasi yang paling ergonomis ditinjau dari lebar tas, tinggi tas, dan beban maksimum yang dapat diangkat oleh prajurit yang didasarkan pada antropometri prajurit tentara nasional Indonesia. Analisa desain ergonomi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) yang mengintegrasikan analisisdari tiga metode analisis: Low Back Analysis (LBA), Ovako Working Posture Analysis (OWAS), dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). Hasil dari penelitian berupa ukuran panjang dan lebar tas ransel militer yang ergonomis beserta berat maksimum yang dapat dibawa oleh prajurit berdasarkan antropometri prajurit tentara nasional Indonesia.

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This research studies the ergonomic aspect of military backpack design using virtual environment model. The purposeof this study is to evaluate the actual design of military backpack and determine the most ergonomic configuration which concerns on width of the backpack, height of the backpack, and maximum load that can be lifted by a soldier who was based on anthropometry Indonesian national army soldiers. Actual postures of military personnel are being observed and reconstructed on virtual environment using Jack software task analysis toolkits which are Low Back Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis, and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. The results of the research is the length and width of an ergonomic military backpack with the maximum weight that can be carried by a soldier based anthropometry Indonesian national army soldiers."

"Ada sekitar 1,3 juta orang meninggal akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas setiap tahunnya di seluruh dunia. Di Indonesia sendiri, jumlah kecelakaan lalu lintasnya terbilang tinggi dan cenderung terus meningkat setiap tahunnya menurut data dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). Faktor manusia seringkali ditetapkan sebagai faktor utama penyebab terjadinya kecelakaan. Pada manusia, kelelahan dianggap sebagai penyebab utama kecelakaan transportasi dengan salah satu indikatornya adalah rasa kantuk. Langkah yang dapat dilakukan untuk mencegah meningkatnya tingkat kantuk yang dialami oleh pengemudi salah satunya adalah dengan mengatur suhu ruang kemudi. Suhu lingkungan kerja memberikan kontribusi yang besar terhadap tingkat kelelahan. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui rentang suhu optimal untuk mengurangi tingkat kantuk pengendara guna mengurangi tingkat kecelakaan lalu lintas di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Electroencephalography (EEG) untuk pengukuran secara objektif dan Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) untuk pengukuran secara subjektif. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan alternatif untuk mencegah serta mengurangi tingkat terjadinya kecelakaan lalu lintas.

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There are about 1.3 million people die from traffic accidents every year worldwide. In Indonesia itself, the number of traffic accidents is fairly high and tends to increase every year according to data from Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). The human faktor is often determined as the main faktor causing accidents. In humans, fatigue is considered the main cause of transportation accidents with one of the indicators being drowsiness. One of the steps that can be taken to prevent the driver from increasing the level of sleepiness experienced by the driver is to regulate the temperature inside the vehicle. The temperature of the working environment contributes greatly to the level of fatigue. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the optimal temperature range to reduce the level of sleepiness of drivers in order to reduce the rate of traffic accidents in Indonesia. The method used in this research is Electroencephalography (EEG) for objective measurement and Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) for subjective measurement. The results of this study are expected to be used as an alternative to prevent and reduce the rate of traffic accidents."