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"Since hot mud flowed the earth in the subdistrict of Porong, Sidoarjo May 29th 2006, there were social and economic impacts have been suffered by local people and their surroundings, mainly compensation was regulated. This research using qualitative approach and find out that there were tripartie relation of state, corporate, and society are inequal. Lapindo as a corporative showed more significant role and power than state. State not yet showed maximally power (weak state) for protect their citizen right. So, state have to the significant role (strong state) while interact to Lapindo for accelerate the solution of social and economic impact in society of Sidoarjo"

"[ABSTRAKKegiatan produksi tahu menimbulkan panas dan bau dari asap dan dari air limbahyang dihasilkan selama proses produksi. Kayu bakar yang digunakan dalamproses produksi di industri tahu dapat mempengaruhi luas penebangan hutanuntuk permintaan kayu bakar, dengan mengasumsikan semua kayu yangdigunakan untuk keperluan produksi industri tahu di lokasi penelitian berasal darihutan. Kegiatan produksi di industri tahu menimbulkan dampak lingkungan dandampak sosial, padahal pengelola industri tahu berkewajiban menjaga lingkungan,misalnya dengan menginternalisasi biaya eksternal dari kegiatan produksinya.Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis dampak industri tahu pada ekonomi, sosial,dan lingkungan di Jakarta. Analisis data berupa narasi deskriptif. Penelitiandilakukan di wilayah Karang Tengah, dan di PIK Semanan. Hasil penelitian; 1)Pembuangan limbah cair tahu tanpa pengolahan dapat mengganggu kehidupanbiota perairan; 2) Kegiatan di pabrik tahu menimbulkan biaya sosial yangdikeluarkan warga yang tinggal di sekitarnya; 3) Keberadaan industri tahumembantu penyerapan tenaga kerja pada masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitarnya;4) Internalisasi biaya eksternal berupa biaya lingkungan mengakibatkanpenurunan pendapatan industri tahu.

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ABSTRACTTofu production activity producing heat and stink from the smoke and tofuwastewater that arouse during the process. Firewood used during tofu productionprocess effects the amount of deforestation, assuming the woods used are entirelytaken from the woods. Production activity in tofu industry causing environmentaleffect and social effect, whereas the managers should be protecting theenvironment, for example, by internalizing the external cost caused by theproduction activities. The aim of this research is to analyse the effect of tofuindustry to economy, social, and environment in Jakarta. Data analysis usingdescriptive narrative method. Research locations are Karang Tengah, and PIKSemanan. Research results: 1) Tofu wastewater disposal without propermanagement will disturbing water organism; 2) The activity in tofu industry willprocure social costs which will spend by the residents near tofu factory; 3) Tofuindustry helps in giving employment to residents near them; 4) Internalization ofexternal cost from environmental cost will decrease profit for tofu industry.;Tofu production activity producing heat and stink from the smoke and tofuwastewater that arouse during the process. Firewood used during tofu productionprocess effects the amount of deforestation, assuming the woods used are entirelytaken from the woods. Production activity in tofu industry causing environmentaleffect and social effect, whereas the managers should be protecting theenvironment, for example, by internalizing the external cost caused by theproduction activities. The aim of this research is to analyse the effect of tofuindustry to economy, social, and environment in Jakarta. Data analysis usingdescriptive narrative method. Research locations are Karang Tengah, and PIKSemanan. Research results: 1) Tofu wastewater disposal without propermanagement will disturbing water organism; 2) The activity in tofu industry willprocure social costs which will spend by the residents near tofu factory; 3) Tofuindustry helps in giving employment to residents near them; 4) Internalization ofexternal cost from environmental cost will decrease profit for tofu industry.;Tofu production activity producing heat and stink from the smoke and tofuwastewater that arouse during the process. Firewood used during tofu productionprocess effects the amount of deforestation, assuming the woods used are entirelytaken from the woods. Production activity in tofu industry causing environmentaleffect and social effect, whereas the managers should be protecting theenvironment, for example, by internalizing the external cost caused by theproduction activities. The aim of this research is to analyse the effect of tofuindustry to economy, social, and environment in Jakarta. Data analysis usingdescriptive narrative method. Research locations are Karang Tengah, and PIKSemanan. Research results: 1) Tofu wastewater disposal without propermanagement will disturbing water organism; 2) The activity in tofu industry willprocure social costs which will spend by the residents near tofu factory; 3) Tofuindustry helps in giving employment to residents near them; 4) Internalization ofexternal cost from environmental cost will decrease profit for tofu industry.;Tofu production activity producing heat and stink from the smoke and tofuwastewater that arouse during the process. Firewood used during tofu productionprocess effects the amount of deforestation, assuming the woods used are entirelytaken from the woods. Production activity in tofu industry causing environmentaleffect and social effect, whereas the managers should be protecting theenvironment, for example, by internalizing the external cost caused by theproduction activities. The aim of this research is to analyse the effect of tofuindustry to economy, social, and environment in Jakarta. Data analysis usingdescriptive narrative method. Research locations are Karang Tengah, and PIKSemanan. Research results: 1) Tofu wastewater disposal without propermanagement will disturbing water organism; 2) The activity in tofu industry willprocure social costs which will spend by the residents near tofu factory; 3) Tofuindustry helps in giving employment to residents near them; 4) Internalization ofexternal cost from environmental cost will decrease profit for tofu industry.;Tofu production activity producing heat and stink from the smoke and tofuwastewater that arouse during the process. Firewood used during tofu productionprocess effects the amount of deforestation, assuming the woods used are entirelytaken from the woods. Production activity in tofu industry causing environmentaleffect and social effect, whereas the managers should be protecting theenvironment, for example, by internalizing the external cost caused by theproduction activities. The aim of this research is to analyse the effect of tofuindustry to economy, social, and environment in Jakarta. Data analysis usingdescriptive narrative method. Research locations are Karang Tengah, and PIKSemanan. Research results: 1) Tofu wastewater disposal without propermanagement will disturbing water organism; 2) The activity in tofu industry willprocure social costs which will spend by the residents near tofu factory; 3) Tofuindustry helps in giving employment to residents near them; 4) Internalization ofexternal cost from environmental cost will decrease profit for tofu industry.;Tofu production activity producing heat and stink from the smoke and tofuwastewater that arouse during the process. Firewood used during tofu productionprocess effects the amount of deforestation, assuming the woods used are entirelytaken from the woods. Production activity in tofu industry causing environmentaleffect and social effect, whereas the managers should be protecting theenvironment, for example, by internalizing the external cost caused by theproduction activities. The aim of this research is to analyse the effect of tofuindustry to economy, social, and environment in Jakarta. Data analysis usingdescriptive narrative method. Research locations are Karang Tengah, and PIKSemanan. Research results: 1) Tofu wastewater disposal without propermanagement will disturbing water organism; 2) The activity in tofu industry willprocure social costs which will spend by the residents near tofu factory; 3) Tofuindustry helps in giving employment to residents near them; 4) Internalization ofexternal cost from environmental cost will decrease profit for tofu industry.;Tofu production activity producing heat and stink from the smoke and tofuwastewater that arouse during the process. Firewood used during tofu productionprocess effects the amount of deforestation, assuming the woods used are entirelytaken from the woods. Production activity in tofu industry causing environmentaleffect and social effect, whereas the managers should be protecting theenvironment, for example, by internalizing the external cost caused by theproduction activities. The aim of this research is to analyse the effect of tofuindustry to economy, social, and environment in Jakarta. Data analysis usingdescriptive narrative method. Research locations are Karang Tengah, and PIKSemanan. Research results: 1) Tofu wastewater disposal without propermanagement will disturbing water organism; 2) The activity in tofu industry willprocure social costs which will spend by the residents near tofu factory; 3) Tofuindustry helps in giving employment to residents near them; 4) Internalization ofexternal cost from environmental cost will decrease profit for tofu industry., Tofu production activity producing heat and stink from the smoke and tofuwastewater that arouse during the process. Firewood used during tofu productionprocess effects the amount of deforestation, assuming the woods used are entirelytaken from the woods. Production activity in tofu industry causing environmentaleffect and social effect, whereas the managers should be protecting theenvironment, for example, by internalizing the external cost caused by theproduction activities. The aim of this research is to analyse the effect of tofuindustry to economy, social, and environment in Jakarta. Data analysis usingdescriptive narrative method. Research locations are Karang Tengah, and PIKSemanan. Research results: 1) Tofu wastewater disposal without propermanagement will disturbing water organism; 2) The activity in tofu industry willprocure social costs which will spend by the residents near tofu factory; 3) Tofuindustry helps in giving employment to residents near them; 4) Internalization ofexternal cost from environmental cost will decrease profit for tofu industry.]"

"Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) Komunal menjadi salah satu instrumen kebijakan pemerintah dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat pedesaan dan menciptakan lapangan pekerjaan baru. Namun, tujuan dari kebijakan ini belum pernah dilakukan evaluasi mengenai bagaimana dampaknya terhadap kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat desa tertinggal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pengelolaan PLTS Komunal terhadap kondisi sosial ekonomi serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengelolaan PLTS Komunal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif (mix methods). Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan dengan teknik survei (skala likert dan pertanyaan terbuka) dan wawancara mendalam. Pengumpulan data sekunder diambil dari studi dokumentasi dan literature review. Penelitian dilakukan dari 31 Januari 2023 hingga 19 September 2023 dan telah menghasilkan 2 (dua) temuan. Pertama, kebijakan pengelolaan PLTS Komunal berkelanjutan telah berdampak terhadap keterampilan teknis dan manajerial masyarakat, berkembangnya aktivitas social, terciptanya usaha-usaha baru, terbukanya lapangan kerja, peningkatan pendapatan, dan efisiensi rumah tangga. Kedua, faktor yang mempengaruhi pengelolaan PLTS Komunal berkelanjutan adalah faktor ekonomi (listrik murah, usaha berbasis listrik, iuran masyarakat), faktor finansial (komitmen pemerintah, adanya pembiayaan), faktor politik (Kerjasama multipihak, dukungan kepala daerah lokal), faktor regulasi (peraturan, pelatihan dan pendampingan, pengawasan dan pengendalian), dan faktor sosiokultural (sikap gotong-royong, sense of ownership, integritas pengelola PLTS, dan tingkat pengetahuan). Rekomendasi dari hasil penelitian ini antara lain: Mendorong PLTS Komunal di Desa Labuangkallo agar dikelola oleh BUMDes dan mengeluarkan regulasi pemanfaatan PLTS; Mengintegrasikan BUMDes pengelola PLTS Komunal dengan unit-unit usaha berbasis listrik; dan Mendorong kolaborasi dinas terkait dalam mengoptimalkan potensi unggulan desa dikembangkan melalui pelatihan dan pendampingan usaha berbasis listrik.

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Communal Solar Power Plants (PLTS) are one of the government's policy instruments in improving the welfare of rural communities and creating new jobs. However, the aim of this policy has never been to evaluate its impact on the socio-economic conditions of underdeveloped rural communities. This research aims to analyze the impact of Communal PLTS management on socio-economic conditions and the factors that influence the management of Communal PLTS. This research uses a qualitative and quantitative approach (mix methods). Primary data collection was carried out using survey techniques (Likert scale and open questions) and in-depth interviews. Secondary data collection was taken from documentation studies and literature reviews. The research was conducted from 31 January 2023 to 19 September 2023 and has produced 2 (two) findings. First, the policy of sustainable Communal PLTS management has had an impact on the technical and managerial skills of the community, the development of social activities, the creation of new businesses, the creation of employment opportunities, increased income, and household efficiency. Second, the factors that influence the sustainable management of Communal PLTS are economic factors (cheap electricity, electricity-based businesses, community contributions), financial factors (government commitment, availability of financing), political factors (multi-party cooperation, support from local regional heads), regulatory factors (regulations), training and mentoring, supervision and control), and sociocultural factors (mutual cooperation attitude, sense of ownership, integrity of PLTS managers, and level of knowledge). Recommendations from the results of this research are: Encouraging Communal PLTS in Labuangkallo Village to be managed by BUMDes and issuing regulations for the use of PLTS; Integrating BUMDes managing Communal PLTS with electricity-based business units; and Encouraging collaboration with related agencies in optimizing the superior potential of villages developed through training and assistance for electricity-based businesses."

"Tesis ini membahas tentang Pembangunan Jalan Ir. H. Juanda di Kota Depok yang dibangun sekitar tahun 2002 sampai dengan 2003 merupakan program dari pemerintah Daerah Kota Depok dimaksudkan agar dapat mengurangi kemacetan disekitar Jalan Margonda dan Jalan Tole Iskandar yang sangat padat terutama pada sekitar jam masuk kerja dan pulang kerja. Disamping itu keberadaan Jalan Baru Ir. H. Juanda menimbulkan dampak positif dengan tumbuhnya usaha ? usaha baru disepanjang jalan itu, seperti perdagangan, usaha bisnis dan usaha properti, dan juga menimbulkan dampak negatif dikarenakan terjadinya penggusuran rumah warga yang terkena imbas dari pembangunan jalan Ir. H. Juanda tersebut Dengan memperhatikan uraian latar belakang tersebut di atas maka dapat dirumuskan bahwa yang menjadi dasar dan faktor utama yang menjadi pertanyaan dalam studi ini adalah : ? Seberapa jauh dampak pembangunan Jalan Baru Ir. H. Juanda Depok terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat disekitar jalan tersebut?. Penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian deskriptif yaitu suatu penelitian yang berupaya menggambarkan, mencatat, menganalisa dan menginterprestasikan perubahan yang telah terjadi. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel kelompok pedagang, pengusaha properti, pelaku bisnis dan pengguna jalan di lingkungan Jalan Baru Ir. H. Juanda tersebut yang terdapat di kelurahan baktijaya, kecamatan Sukmajaya yang menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara kuesioner. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa ke beradaan Jalan Baru Ir. H. Juanda Depok telah turut memicu tumbuhnya berbagai aktivitas baru disepanjang jalan baru antara lain, banyaknya para pedagang, pengusaha yang tumbuh di lokasi tersebut, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan perkapita penduduk sekitar Jalan Baru tersebut. Dan juga berpengaruh terhadap pengguna jalan yaitu dengan adanya jalan itu, dapat memperpendek jarak tempuh, dapat mengurangi biaya operasional perjalanan, mengurangi transport atau ongkos dalam menuju aktivitas sehari-harinya, dapat mengurangi kemacetan yang selama ini terjadi di kota Depok. Dan juga dengan dibangunnya jalan Baru Ir. H. Juanda berpengaruh terhadap Nilai Jual Obyek Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan (NJOP) sehingga harga tanah maupun rumah lebih mahal karena sebelum adanya jalan tersebut harga tanah relatif terlalu murah disebabkan letaknya yang ada dibelakang.

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This thesis discusses the development of Ir. H. Juanda Street in Depok city that was built around 2002 to 2003 to reduce congestion around Margonda Street and Tole Iskandar Street. Ir. H. Juanda New Road Construction is a program of the Regional Government of Depok City, with the aim to reduce the congestion that has been happening in the city of Depok especially before and after working hours. But the existence of the New Road has an impact on the environmental quality degradation, due to the occurrence of home evictions affected by road construction, the presence of air pollution and lack of clean air. By considering the description of the background mentioned above, can be formulated that is the basis and the main factor that become a question in this study is: "How far the impact of Ir. H. Juanda Depok New Road construction towards an economic growth around the road". This study used a descriptive type of research that attempts to describe, record, analyze and interpret the changes that have occurred. This study took a sample group of traders, property entrepreneur and road users within the Ir. H. Juanda New Road that contained in baktijaya village, subdistrict Sukmajaya which uses techniques of data collection by questionnaire. Based on this results it can be concluded that the existence of Ir. H. Juanda New Road Depok has helped trigger the growth of new activities along the new roads, among others, the number of traders, businessmen who grew in that location, so it effect on the per capita income of residents around the New Road. And also affect the road users because it can shorten the travel distance, reduce the operational costs of travel, reduce the cost of transport or fee in the way to daily activities, and can reduce the congestion that has been happening in the city of Depok. With the construction of the new road affect the Tax Object Sale Value of Land and Buildings (NJOP) so that land and house prices are more expensive because before it builds, the price is too cheap due to its location that is behind and almost unreachable."

"Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) dan Kementerian Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi (Kemendikbud Ristek) Republik Indonesia mengembangkan Program Adiwiyata untuk mendorong Perubahan dan Dampak Sosial yang mendukung pembangunan berkelanjutan. Dalam pelaksanaannya, program Adiwiyata masih terkendala dengan perbedaan pandangan terkait definisi masalah. Perbedaan pandangan ini membuat tiap sekolah memiliki implementasi yang berbeda-beda dan dapat membuat program kurang berjalan efektif dalam mencapai tujuannya. Studi evaluasi ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu keberhasilan program Adiwiyata dalam membuat transformasi sosial khususnya dalam lingkungan sekolah. Evaluasi ini akan menggunakan Main Analytical Categories, terutama relevansi dalam membuat kerangka model evaluasi untuk mendapatkan gambaran yang komprehensif tentang perencanaan dan pelaksanaan program apakah sudah berjalan sesuai dengan tujuannya sebagai kerangka kerja yang akan dilakukan dan diterapkan dalam metode Soft Systems Methodology. Evaluasi ini dilakukan di SDN Sukasari 6, Babakan, Kec. Tangerang, Kota Tangerang, Banten menggunakan wawancara mendalam, analisis dokumen, dan observasi.

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The Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK) and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology (Kemendikbud Ristek) of the Republic of Indonesia developed the Adiwiyata Program to encourage Societal Change and Impact for sustainable development. In its implementation, the Adiwiyata program is still constrained by different views on the definition of the problem. This difference in views makes each school have different implementations and could make the program less effective in achieving its goal. This evaluation aims to find out the success of the Adiwiyata program in making a social impact, especially in the school environment. This evaluation will use the Main Analytical Categories, especially impact in making the evaluation model framework to get a comprehensive picture of the planning and implementation of the program. This evaluation also evaluates whether the Adiwiyata program has been running according to its objectives as a framework to be carried out and applied using Soft Systems Methodology. This evaluation was conducted in SDN Sukasari 6 Babakan, Subdistrict Tangerang, Tangerang City, Banten using in-depth interviews, document analysis, and observation."

"Indonesia memberlakukan desentralisasi sejak tahun 2000, penelitian yang dilakukan memberikan bukti baru bahwa desentralisasi fiskal berkontribusi terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Dengan menggunakan data 33 provinsi antara tahun 2005 hingga 2012 serta melihat pengelolaan dana pemerintah daerah dari sisi penerimaan dan pengeluaran maka akan memberikan gambaran yang lebih objektif pada pertumbuhan ekonomi di daerah pada masa desentralisasi fiskal. Hasil estimasi dengan menggunakan fixed effect menunjukkan bahwa belanja pemerintah daerah, pendidikan dan investasi dalam negeri yang berdasar atas kualitas sumber daya manusia serta rasio PAD terhadap penerimaan total akan meningkatkan rata-rata pertumbuhan ekonomi di daerah. Dalam kesimpulannya desentralisasi fiskal di Indonesia telah berdampak pada pertumbuhan ekonomi di daerah dari sisi belanja dan kemandirian daerah dalam mengalokasikan pendapatannya.

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Decentralization is implemented in Indonesia since 2000, this research provided new evidence that fiscal decentralization contributes to economic growth. Our province level data for the Indonesia during 2005 to 2012 enable us to estimate the efect of fiscal decentralization more objectively than previously, because the data set from historical and intitutional variation. The results using the fixed effect estimation shows that local government spending , education and domestic investment is based on the quality of human resources as well as the ratio of revenue to total revenue will increase average economic growth in the region . In the conclusion of fiscal decentralization in Indonesia has an impact on economic growth in the region in terms of shopping and local autonomy in allocating revenue."

"Putusan pengadilan terhadap gugatan yang diajukan oleh WALHI dan YLBHI terkait kasus Lapindo telah berkekuatan hukum tetap (inkracht), meskipun dinilai tidak dapat membuktikan hubungan kausalitas antara gempa bumi dengan luapan lumpur, selain hanya menyatakan bahwa semburan lumpur di area BJP-1 merupakan fenomena alam. Hakim telah tidak menggunakan pendekatan ilmiah untuk mendapatkan fakta ilmiah (scientific fact) dalam menetapkan putusan hukumnya karena fakta hukum memuat fakta ilmiah. Putusan pengadilan tidak dapat membuktikan tentang adanya hubungan kausalitas antara gempa bumi Bantul/Yogyakarta/Klaten dengan luapan lumpur yang terjadi di Porong Sidoarjo. Putusan tersebut telah menimbulkan pendapat-pendapat kontroversial yang mengemuka baik itu dari kalangan ilmuwan terutama ilmuwan tentang geologi/gempa bumi dan ilmuwan/ahli hukum maupun warga masyarakat.Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini bukan untuk menjustifikasikan bahwa Lapindo Brantas benar atau salah ataupun memandang bahwa putusan yang sudah berkekuatan hukum tetap tersebut merupakan putusan pengadilan yang tidak benar, selain untuk melihat implikasi ekonomi yang dapat timbul dari suatu penegakan hukum yang menggunakan dan/atau menerapkan asas-asas hukum dan konsep-konsep hukum tentang strict liability. Pendekatan melalui strict liability sebagai suatu konsep hukum yang telah dituangkan dalam undang-undang sebagai norma hukum dipandang dapat ditelusuri dan dianalisis dengan pendekatan ekonomi melalui pendekatan critical legal studies (CLS) yang memandang hukum melalui pandangan teori sosial, sebagai social institution, akan mempunyai arti yang penting dalam menegakkan keadilan bagi masyarakat yang terkena dampak.

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Court ruling against a lawsuit filed by WALHI and related YLBHI Lapindo case has legal force and inkracht, although deemed unable to prove causality between an earthquake with a flood of mud, in addition to simply stating that the mudflow in the area of BJP-1 is a natural phenomenon. The judge was not using a scientific approach to get the scientific facts in setting legal decision because the legal facts contain scientific facts. The court's decision not to prove the existence of causality between the earthquake in Bantul / Yogyakarta / Klaten with mudflow that occurred in Porong Sidoarjo. The verdict has led to controversial opinions which arise either from among scientists, especially scientists about the geology / earthquakes and scientists / experts or legal residents.The purpose of this study is not to justify that Lapindo Brantas is right or wrong or who considers that the decision has legal force and equipment is a court ruling that is not true, other than to look at the economic implications that may arise from a law enforcement use and / or apply the principle of law and legal concepts of strict liability. Approach through strict liability as a legal concept that has been poured in the law as a legal norm is seen to be traced and analyzed with the economic approach through the critical legal studies approach (CLS) which looked at the law through the view of social theory, as a social institution, will have meaning important role in upholding justice for the affected communities."

"ABSTRAKStudi ini membahas dampak sosial pembangunan infrastruktur di sektor energi khususnya dalam proyek pembangkit tenaga listrik. Secara umum pendekatan pembangunan infrastruktur yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah lebih dominan menggunakan strategi yang bersifat legal-formal dan cenderung koersif. Peran masyarakat, khususnya di tingkat komunitas, dalam proses pembangunan belum bersifat partisipatif sehingga dampak sosial yang muncul kurang diperhatikan oleh pemerintah. Penelitian sebelumnya mengenai dampak sosial lebih memperhatikan dampak yang bersifat materil, akan tetapi abai dalam melihat dampak non materi. Dengan menggunakan perspektif pembangunan alternatif dampak sosial pembangunan infrastruktur sebenarnya dapat di hindari dengan memberikan tekanan kepada otonomi pengambilan keputusan oleh komunitas, yang berlandaskan kepada sumber daya pribadi secara langsung melalui proses yang bersifat partisipatif, demokratis, dan pembelajaran sosial dengan pengalaman langsung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan studi kasus pada pembangunan PLTU Tanjung Jati B. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penerapan pembangunan alternatif menurut Friedmann tidak dapat sepenuhnya diterapkan di Indonesia. Hal ini karena pembangunan alternatif membutuhkan sistem politik yang demokratis dan tingkat ekonomi masyarakat yang sudah mapan, sedangkan di Indonesia penerapan demokrasi masih sebatas tataran prosedural dan ekonomi masyarakatnya belum mapan karena masih mengandalkan perekonomian yang subsisten.

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ABSTRACTThis study discussed social impact of the construction of infrastructur in energy sector, specially in the construction of power plan. Generally, development approach which is done by the government tend to using the legal-formal strategy and coersive. The role of society, especially in the level of community, the process of development is yet not participative. So that the social impact tend to focussing on the material impact, but still ignoring the non material. Using alternative development approach, the social impact of infrastructure development can be avoided by giving the pressure to the decision maker of the autonomous community, based on private resources directly through the participative, democratics, social learning and experience process. This study using qualitative approach and case study in the construction of steam power plan Tanjung Jati B. This study find that the application of alternative development from Friedmann can not fully applicated in Indonesia. This explain that alternative development recquire democratic political system and prosperous economic rate. While in Indonesia, the application of democracy is just procedural process and the economical rate of the people is still low and depending on the subsistence economy."

"Studi evaluasi ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengukur valuasi dampak sosial program pemberdayaan CSR Bakti Sehat United Tractors dalam upaya meningkatkan capacity building menggunakan analisis Social Return on Investment (SROI). Studi sebelumnya memperlihatkan tantangan program pemberdayaan yang dianggap kurang mampu memperlihatkan manfaat terukur secara ekonomi. Padahal ada kebutuhan perusahaan untuk mengukur dampak investasi sosial mereka secara ekonomi dan di sisi lain karakteristik penerima manfaat yang pragmatis dan oportunis cenderung ingin melihat hasil jangka pendek, berwujud dan terukur. Oleh karena itu studi evaluasi ini menggunakan analisis SROI untuk mengidentifikasi, menjustifikasi, dan memonetisasi pengukuran manfaat sosial ekonomi pada program pemberdayaan secara partisipatif dengan pelibatan segenap stakeholder program. Analisis SROI dikombinasikan dengan evaluasi means-ends dan capacity building untuk mengawal proses tahapan program yang diindikasikan sebagai pemicu capaian dampak dan ukuran manfaat. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa Program Bakti Sehat United Tractors berhasil memberikan dampak peningkatan kualitas kesehatan dan peningkatan kapasitas penerima manfaat, namun hanya parsial pada sebagian penerima manfaat. Adapun penggalian indikator nilai dampak secara partisipatif menghasilkan besaran dampak moneter yaitu 1.37 kali lebih besar dari nilai investasi perusahaan. Hasil ini menunjukan bahwa di tengah potensi program pemberdayaan dalam meningkatkan kapasitas dan menghasilkan outcome berkelanjutan, kondisi praktik program pemberdayaan kurang mampu memperlihatkan bukti dampak moneter di tengah karakteristik sosial kultural komunitas yang pragmatis.

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This evaluation study aims to identify and measure the social impact of Bakti Sehat United Tractors program in increasing capacity building using Social Return on Investment analysis. Previous studies have shown that empowerment programs are considered to less able to provide measurable economic benefits. Whereas there is a need for companies to measure the economic impact of their social investment, also the pragmatic and opportunist characteristics of beneficiaries tend to get the short-term, tangible, and measurable results in a program. Therefore, this evaluation study uses SROI to identify, justify, and monetize the measurement of socio-economic benefits in a participatory analysis involving all stakeholders. The study also uses means-ends and capacity building analysis to support the SROI method to oversee the process of a program which are indicated as triggers in achieving impact and benefit measures. The results show that Bakti Sehat UT has succeeded in increasing beneficiaries' capacity but only partially impacted some beneficiaries. The participatory measurement resulted that the monetary impact values is 1.37 times greater than the company's investment value. These results show that in the midst of the program’s specialty in increasing capacity and producing sustainable outcomes, the practice conditions of empowerment programs are less able to show evidence of monetary impact on the socio-cultural characteristics of pragmatic communities."

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang modernisasi pendidikan Islam yang dilakukan pada Pondok Pesantren Gontor yang berada di wilayah Kabupaten Ponorogo, Jawa Timur. Adanya modernisasi ini terlatarbelakangi oleh berbagai hal, salah satunya adalah kondisi masyarakat Ponorogo sebelum terjadinya modernisasi pada Pondok Pesantren Gontor, yang masih sangat kental dengan budaya dan tradisi Jawa yang menyimpang dari ajaran agama Islam. Dengan adanya transformasi dan modernisasi yang dilakukan, diharapkan dampak atau pengaruh kepada masyarakat setempat agar mereka dapat menganut agama Islam secara utuh. Tetapi pada kenyataannya, hingga saat ini masyarakat Ponorogo masih sangat kental dengan budaya dan tradisi-tradisi mereka tersebut.

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This thesis discusses about the modernization of educational system that applied in Gontor Boarding School which located in Ponorogo, East Java. This modernization happened because of so many reasons. One of them was the social condition of people in Ponorogo, who happened to be the people who still believe in ancient tradition, which was far from what Islam law had settled. With the transformation and the modernization, the people from Gontor Boarding School hoped that it would have a massive impact to the people around so that they could be a Moslem properly. But the fact that happens nowadays is; no matter how modern the Gontor Boarding School is, the people around still have the faith in those ancient traditions."