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"[ABSTRAKPendahuluan : Glioma adalah jenis tumor yang paling umum dari neoplasma intraserebralprimer. Tumor ganas primer sistem saraf pusat (SSP) mencapai sekitar 2% dari semua kankerdan high grade glioma adalah jenis yang paling banyak ditemukan. High grade gliomamenyebabkan tingkat morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi. Saat ini belum ada data yangmenggambarkan profil pasien glioma yang menjalani radioterapi di Indonesia.Metode penelitian : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian retrospektif deskriptif analitikterhadap 121 pasien glioma yang mendapat radiasi di departemen Radioterapi RSUPN Dr.Cipto mangunkusumo dari Januari 2009 sampai Januari 2014. Data diperoleh dari catatanmedisdan hasil penelusuran melalui telepon terhadap pasien atau keluarganya. Respon tumordianalisa terhadap 22 pasien yang mempunyai CT scan atau MRI pre dan post radiasi denganmenggunakan kriteria RECIST.Hasil : Sebagian besar pasien adalah laki-laki (53,7%), dengan usia rata-rata 45 tahun.Histopatologi yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah astrositoma. Prosedur bedah yang palingbanyak ditemukan pada penelitian ini adalah craniotomi removal tumor (70%). Teknik 3DCRT paling banyak digunakan yaitu pada 77,7% pasien. Nimotuzumab sebagai antibodimonoklonal digunakan pada 9% pasien. Respon parsial ditemukan 59,1%. Analisis kesintasanhidup tiga tahun dari seratus sebelas pasien yang memenuhi kriteria didapatkan angkakesintasan yaitu 46,15%. Analisis kaplan meyer menunjukkan overall treatment timemerupakan faktor prognostik untuk kesintasan hidup (p = 0,016).Kesimpulan : Teknik operasi terbanyak pada pasien glioma yang menjalani radiasi didepartemen radioterapi RSUPN DR. Cipto Mangunkusumo adalah kraniotomi removal tumor(70,9%). Teknik 3D CRT adalah teknik radiasi yang paling banyak digunakan. Responparsial ditemukan 59,1%. Kesintasan hidup tiga tahun pasien glioma yaitu 46,2% dan overalltreatment time merupakan faktor prognostik yang bermakna untuk kesintasan hidup

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ABSTRACTIntroduction : Glioma is the most common type of primary intracerebral neoplasms. Highgrade glioma being the most frekuent type found (70,9%) causes a high morbidity andmortality rate. There is currently no data describing the profile management of patientsundergoing radiotherapy glioma in Indonesia.Methods : This study Retrospective analytic descriptive study of 121 glioma patients fromjanuari 2009 until december 2014. The data was obtained from medical records and indivualcontact via telephone. Tumor response was evaluated in 22 patients with pre and postirradiation imaging (CT or MRI) using 3D volumetric data and assessed via RECISTcriteria.Results : Most of our patients were male (53,7%), with median age 45 years old.Astrocytoma was the most histopathological type found. 70.9% of Patients who receivedradiotherapy in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital were post craniotomi tumor removal. 3DConformal technique was used in 81.0% of patients. Seventy nine point three had a two graydose perfraction. Provision of chemotherapy in patients undergoing radiation still only at7.4% of patients. Nimotuzumab as a monoclonal antibody used on 9% patient. The medianoverall treatment time was 45 days and delay treatment time 38 days. Fifty nine point onepercent of partial respon was found. Local recurrences were found throughout the follow-upof 6.6%. Analysis kaplan meyer showed that overall treatment time was a prognostic factorfor overal survival rate (p=0,016).Conclusions : : Almost seventy one percent of glioma patients who received radiotherapyhad craniotomy removal tumor. 3D Conformal techniques is the most widely used. Fifty ninepoint one percent of partial respon founded. Three years overall survival was 46,2% andoverall treatment time was found as a factor that significantly affects overall survivalprognosis.;Introduction : Glioma is the most common type of primary intracerebral neoplasms. Highgrade glioma being the most frekuent type found (70,9%) causes a high morbidity andmortality rate. There is currently no data describing the profile management of patientsundergoing radiotherapy glioma in Indonesia.Methods : This study Retrospective analytic descriptive study of 121 glioma patients fromjanuari 2009 until december 2014. The data was obtained from medical records and indivualcontact via telephone. Tumor response was evaluated in 22 patients with pre and postirradiation imaging (CT or MRI) using 3D volumetric data and assessed via RECISTcriteria.Results : Most of our patients were male (53,7%), with median age 45 years old.Astrocytoma was the most histopathological type found. 70.9% of Patients who receivedradiotherapy in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital were post craniotomi tumor removal. 3DConformal technique was used in 81.0% of patients. Seventy nine point three had a two graydose perfraction. Provision of chemotherapy in patients undergoing radiation still only at7.4% of patients. Nimotuzumab as a monoclonal antibody used on 9% patient. The medianoverall treatment time was 45 days and delay treatment time 38 days. Fifty nine point onepercent of partial respon was found. Local recurrences were found throughout the follow-upof 6.6%. Analysis kaplan meyer showed that overall treatment time was a prognostic factorfor overal survival rate (p=0,016).Conclusions : : Almost seventy one percent of glioma patients who received radiotherapyhad craniotomy removal tumor. 3D Conformal techniques is the most widely used. Fifty ninepoint one percent of partial respon founded. Three years overall survival was 46,2% andoverall treatment time was found as a factor that significantly affects overall survivalprognosis.;Introduction : Glioma is the most common type of primary intracerebral neoplasms. Highgrade glioma being the most frekuent type found (70,9%) causes a high morbidity andmortality rate. There is currently no data describing the profile management of patientsundergoing radiotherapy glioma in Indonesia.Methods : This study Retrospective analytic descriptive study of 121 glioma patients fromjanuari 2009 until december 2014. The data was obtained from medical records and indivualcontact via telephone. Tumor response was evaluated in 22 patients with pre and postirradiation imaging (CT or MRI) using 3D volumetric data and assessed via RECISTcriteria.Results : Most of our patients were male (53,7%), with median age 45 years old.Astrocytoma was the most histopathological type found. 70.9% of Patients who receivedradiotherapy in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital were post craniotomi tumor removal. 3DConformal technique was used in 81.0% of patients. Seventy nine point three had a two graydose perfraction. Provision of chemotherapy in patients undergoing radiation still only at7.4% of patients. Nimotuzumab as a monoclonal antibody used on 9% patient. The medianoverall treatment time was 45 days and delay treatment time 38 days. Fifty nine point onepercent of partial respon was found. Local recurrences were found throughout the follow-upof 6.6%. Analysis kaplan meyer showed that overall treatment time was a prognostic factorfor overal survival rate (p=0,016).Conclusions : : Almost seventy one percent of glioma patients who received radiotherapyhad craniotomy removal tumor. 3D Conformal techniques is the most widely used. Fifty ninepoint one percent of partial respon founded. Three years overall survival was 46,2% andoverall treatment time was found as a factor that significantly affects overall survivalprognosis., Introduction : Glioma is the most common type of primary intracerebral neoplasms. Highgrade glioma being the most frekuent type found (70,9%) causes a high morbidity andmortality rate. There is currently no data describing the profile management of patientsundergoing radiotherapy glioma in Indonesia.Methods : This study Retrospective analytic descriptive study of 121 glioma patients fromjanuari 2009 until december 2014. The data was obtained from medical records and indivualcontact via telephone. Tumor response was evaluated in 22 patients with pre and postirradiation imaging (CT or MRI) using 3D volumetric data and assessed via RECISTcriteria.Results : Most of our patients were male (53,7%), with median age 45 years old.Astrocytoma was the most histopathological type found. 70.9% of Patients who receivedradiotherapy in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital were post craniotomi tumor removal. 3DConformal technique was used in 81.0% of patients. Seventy nine point three had a two graydose perfraction. Provision of chemotherapy in patients undergoing radiation still only at7.4% of patients. Nimotuzumab as a monoclonal antibody used on 9% patient. The medianoverall treatment time was 45 days and delay treatment time 38 days. Fifty nine point onepercent of partial respon was found. Local recurrences were found throughout the follow-upof 6.6%. Analysis kaplan meyer showed that overall treatment time was a prognostic factorfor overal survival rate (p=0,016).Conclusions : : Almost seventy one percent of glioma patients who received radiotherapyhad craniotomy removal tumor. 3D Conformal techniques is the most widely used. Fifty ninepoint one percent of partial respon founded. Three years overall survival was 46,2% andoverall treatment time was found as a factor that significantly affects overall survivalprognosis.]"

"[Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui profil pasien kanker rektum di Departemen Radioterapi RSCM. Metode: Dilakukan penelitian restrospektif deskriptif analitik terhadap 144 pasien kankerrektum yang menjalani radiasi di Departemen Radioterapi RSCM periode Januari 2009Januari2014, dilihat karakteristik pasien dan tumor. Respons radiasi dinilai menggunakanmetode RECIST 1.1. Hubungan antara OTT dan DTT dengan respons radiasi dinilai dengankorelasi Spearman dan analisis kesintasan dihitung dengan kurva Kaplan Meier. Hasil: Pasien laki-laki sebesar 65.9%, median usia 53 (23-81) tahun dengan mayoritas beradapada kelompok usia 50-59 tahun. Tipe histopatologi terbanyak adalah adenokarsinoma(88.8%) dan pasien paling banyak datang dengan stadium IIIB (25.0%). Kemoradiasidilakukan pada 29.8% pasien, dengan toksisitas radiasi akut terbanyak adalah pada kulit(derajat I) sebesar 20.1%. Respons radiasi yang dinilai dengan metode RECIST 1.1menunjukkan respons terbanyak adalah stabil (71.4%). Tidak ditemukan korelasi antara OTTdan DTT dengan respons radiasi. Dari 118 pasien, didapatkan analisis kesintasan keseluruhan3 dan 5 tahun masing-masing adalah 65% dan 45% dengan median survival 59 bulan. Padakelompok pasien yang menjalani radiasi panjang, analisis kesintasan keseluruhan 3 dan 5tahun masing-masing adalah masing-masing 91% dan 78%. Kesimpulan: Karakteristik pasien rektum di Departemen Radioterapi RSCM yang berbedadengan berbagai studi sebelumnya hanya usia. Respons radiasi yang paling banyak dijumpai adalah stabil. Tidak ditemukan korelasi antara OTT dan DTT dengan respons radiasi.;Purpose: To obtain the profile of rectal cancer patients in Department of Radiotherapy, National General Hospital of Cipto Mangunkusumo.Method: A restrospective study was conducted over 144 rectal cancer patients undergone radiation therapy in Department of Radiotherapy, National General Hospital of CiptoMangunkusumo during period of January 2009 to January 2014. The characteristics ofpatients and tumour were assessed. The radiation response was evaluated with the RECIST1.1 method. The correlation between OTT and DTT with radiation response was analyzedwith Spearman?s correlation and the survival analysis was determined using Kaplan-Meiercurve. Result: The majority of patients were male (65.9%), with median age of 53 (23-81) years oldwhere most patients belonged to age group of 50-59 years old. The most frequenthistopathologic type found was adenocarcinoma (88.8%) with most patients were in stageIIIB (25.0%). Chemoradiation was performed in 29.8% of patients, and grade I skin toxicitywas the most frequent acute side effect of radiation found (20.1%). Radiation responseassessed with the RECIST 1.1 method showed stable disease as the mostly seen response(71.4%). There was no correlation found between OTT and DTT with radiation response.Overall survival from 118 patients for 3 and 5 years were 65% and 45%, respectively, withmedian survival of 59 months. In the group of patients underwent long-course radiotherapy,the overall survival for 3 and 5 years were 91% and 78%, respectively. Conclusion: The sole characteristic of rectal cancer patients in Department of Radiotherapy atCipto Mangunkusumo Hospital that is different from previous studies is the age group wheremost patients were in. Stable disease is the most frequent radiation response. There was no correlation found between OTT and DTT with radiation response., Purpose: To obtain the profile of rectal cancer patients in Department of Radiotherapy, National General Hospital of Cipto Mangunkusumo.Method: A restrospective study was conducted over 144 rectal cancer patients undergone radiation therapy in Department of Radiotherapy, National General Hospital of CiptoMangunkusumo during period of January 2009 to January 2014. The characteristics ofpatients and tumour were assessed. The radiation response was evaluated with the RECIST1.1 method. The correlation between OTT and DTT with radiation response was analyzedwith Spearman’s correlation and the survival analysis was determined using Kaplan-Meiercurve. Result: The majority of patients were male (65.9%), with median age of 53 (23-81) years oldwhere most patients belonged to age group of 50-59 years old. The most frequenthistopathologic type found was adenocarcinoma (88.8%) with most patients were in stageIIIB (25.0%). Chemoradiation was performed in 29.8% of patients, and grade I skin toxicitywas the most frequent acute side effect of radiation found (20.1%). Radiation responseassessed with the RECIST 1.1 method showed stable disease as the mostly seen response(71.4%). There was no correlation found between OTT and DTT with radiation response.Overall survival from 118 patients for 3 and 5 years were 65% and 45%, respectively, withmedian survival of 59 months. In the group of patients underwent long-course radiotherapy,the overall survival for 3 and 5 years were 91% and 78%, respectively. Conclusion: The sole characteristic of rectal cancer patients in Department of Radiotherapy atCipto Mangunkusumo Hospital that is different from previous studies is the age group wheremost patients were in. Stable disease is the most frequent radiation response. There was no correlation found between OTT and DTT with radiation response.]"

"[ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Osteopontin merupakan salah satu penanda molekuler hipoksiaendogen tumor. Hipoksia adalah salah satu faktor yang menentukan agresifitaspenyakit. Kadar osteopontin tinggi pada berbagai keganasan termasuk gliomamaligna. Peningkatan kadar osteopontin akan menyebabkan respon terapi berkurang.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara kadar osteopontin praradiasidengan respon radiasi pada glioma maligna.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi retrospektif kohort terhadap 15 pasienmaligna glioma yang menjalani terapi radiasi dari juli 2004 sampai mei 2015 diRSUPN. DR. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Osteopontin diperiksa menggunakan metodeELISA dari sampel parafin blok. Volume tumor dihitung dari CT scan atau MRIberdasarkan pengukuran volume tiga dimensi. Respon tumor dinilai denganmembandingkan volume tumor sebelum dan sesudah radiasi dengan menggunakanCT dan MRI.Hasil: Didapatkan rerata kadar osteopontin sebesar 0,49 ± 0,45 ng/ml, reratapersentase perubahan volume tumor 8,59 ± 54,22 %. Volume tumor yang membesar60%. Tumor yang progresif sebesar 26,7%. Secara keseluruhan terdapat korelasinegatif lemah yang tidak bermakna ( r -0,39 dan p 0,146 ) antara kadar osteopontindengan respon radiasi. Terdapat korelasi positif kuat yang tidak bermakna ( r +0,68dan p 0,219 ) antara kadar osteopontin dengan respon radiasi pada kelompok yangmenggunakan kemosensitizer temozolamide.Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi negatif lemah yang tidak bermakna antara kadarosteopontin dengan respon radiasi. Terdapat korelasi positif kuat yang tidakbermakna antara kadar osteopontin dengan respon radiasi pada kelompok yangmenggunakan kemosensitizer temozolamide.

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ABSTRACTIntroduction : Osteopontin is an endogenous molecular marker of tumor hypoxia,which is one of factors that determine the aggressiveness of the disease. Increasedlevel of osteopontin will decrease therapeutic response which will eventuallyinfluence the success of therapy.The purpose of this study is to determine thecorrelation between osteopontin level and radiation response in malignant glioma.Method : This is a retrospective cohort study of 15 malignant glioma patients whounderwent radiation from July 2004 to May 2015 at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.Osteopontin level was measured with ELISA from paraffin embedded tissue. Tumorvolume was calculated by measuring three dimensional volume of tumor imagingfrom CT or MRI. Tumor response was evaluated by comparing pre-irradiation withpost-irradiation tumor volume seen in CT and MRI.Result : The mean osteopontin level was 0.49 ± 0.45 ng/ml and the mean percentageof change in tumor volume was 8.59 ± 54.22 %. Enlargement of tumor volume was60 %. Progressive disease was found in 26.7 % of patients. Overall, there was aninsignificant weak negative correlation (r -0.39 and p 0.146) between level ofosteopontin and radiation response. There was an insignificant strong positivecorrelation (r +0.68 and p 0.219) between level of osteopontin and radiation responsein the group that received radiation therapy concurrent with temozolamide.Conclusion : Overall, there was an insignificant weak negative correlation betweenlevel of osteopontin and radiation response. In the group that received radiationtherapy concurrent with temozolamide, there was an insignificant strong positivecorrelation between level of osteopontin and radiation response, Introduction : Osteopontin is an endogenous molecular marker of tumor hypoxia,which is one of factors that determine the aggressiveness of the disease. Increasedlevel of osteopontin will decrease therapeutic response which will eventuallyinfluence the success of therapy.The purpose of this study is to determine thecorrelation between osteopontin level and radiation response in malignant glioma.Method : This is a retrospective cohort study of 15 malignant glioma patients whounderwent radiation from July 2004 to May 2015 at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.Osteopontin level was measured with ELISA from paraffin embedded tissue. Tumorvolume was calculated by measuring three dimensional volume of tumor imagingfrom CT or MRI. Tumor response was evaluated by comparing pre-irradiation withpost-irradiation tumor volume seen in CT and MRI.Result : The mean osteopontin level was 0.49 ± 0.45 ng/ml and the mean percentageof change in tumor volume was 8.59 ± 54.22 %. Enlargement of tumor volume was60 %. Progressive disease was found in 26.7 % of patients. Overall, there was aninsignificant weak negative correlation (r -0.39 and p 0.146) between level ofosteopontin and radiation response. There was an insignificant strong positivecorrelation (r +0.68 and p 0.219) between level of osteopontin and radiation responsein the group that received radiation therapy concurrent with temozolamide.Conclusion : Overall, there was an insignificant weak negative correlation betweenlevel of osteopontin and radiation response. In the group that received radiationtherapy concurrent with temozolamide, there was an insignificant strong positivecorrelation between level of osteopontin and radiation response]"

"Latar Belakang: Enzim O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase MGMT merupakan suatu DNA-repair enzyme yang dapat menghambat proses kematian sel tumor akibat proses alkilasi oleh zat alkilasi termasuk zat kemoterapi. Enzim ini berhubungan dengan mekanisme pertahanan tumor terhadap zat kemoterapi. Eskpresi dari enzim MGMT ini ditemukan tinggi pada pada berbagai tumor termasuk glioma. Metilasi promoter MGMT mengakibatkan gen dalam sel tumor berhenti menghasilkan MGMT. Adanya metilasi dari promoter MGMT dihubungkan dengan respon yang lebih baik terhadap zat alkilasi termasuk kemoterapi. Status metilasi dari promoter MGMT pada pasien glioma dapat digunakan untuk memperkirakan efektifitas kemoterapi dengan zat alkilasi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil enzim O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase MGMT pada pasien glioma derajat tinggi dan glioma derajat rendah dan karakteristik pasien glioma di Departemen Bedah Saraf RS Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta. Metode: Peneliti mengumpulkan data profil MGMT yang diperiksa menggunakan methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction pada pasien glioma derajat tinggi dan glioma derajat rendah yang menjalani pembedahan di Departemen Bedah Saraf Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta dalam periode 1 tahun. Data berupa usia, jenis kelamin, Karnofsky Performance Scale KPS, and derajat serta jenis histopatologi tumor dikumpulkan. Hasil: Dalam periode 1 tahun terdapat 17 pasien dengan hasil histopatologi glioma derajat tinggi dan derajat rendah yang masuk kriteria inklusi. Promoter MGMT termetilasi ditemukan pada 11 pasien 64,7 dan tidak termetilasi pada 6 pasien 35,3. Promoter MGMT termetilasi methylated MGMT lebih banyak didapatkan pada pasien berusia ge; 40 tahun dibandingkan pasien yang berusia < 40 tahun 85,7 vs 50 dan pada pasien laki-laki dibandingkan perempuan 77,7 vs 50. Sedangkan berdasarkan KPS, promoter MGMT termetilasi ditemukan lebih banyak pada pasien dengan KPS > 70 dibandingkan dengan KPS le; 70 70 vs 57,1. Berdasarkan derajat keganasan, promoter MGMT termetilasi ditemukan lebih banyak ditemukan pada glioma derajat rendah WHO grade II dibandingkan pada glioma derajat tinggi WHO grade III dan IV 85,7 vs 50. Pada glioma derajat tinggi, promoter MGMT termetilasi ditemukan lebih banyak pada astrositoma/oligoastrositoma anaplastik WHO grade III dibandingkan glioblastoma WHO grade IV 66,6 vs 42,8. Pada glioma derajat rendah, promoter MGMT termetilasi ditemukan lebih banyak pada oligoastrositoma dibandingkan astrositoma difus 100 vs 75. Kesimpulan: Promoter MGMT termetilasi lebih sedikit ditemukan pada derajat tumor yang lebih tinggi WHO grade IV, KPS yang rendah, usia lebih muda saat diagnosis dan pasien wanita, meskipun perbedaannya belum dibuktikan signifikan secara statistik. Promoter MGMT termetilasi ditemukan lebih banyak pada tumor dengan komponen oligodendroglioma. Dibutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan jumlah sampel yang lebih besar untuk menentukan apakah metilasi promoter MGMT memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan faktor-faktor tersebut.

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Background: O6 methylguanine DNA methyltransferase MGMT is a DNA repair enzyme that correlates with resistance mechanism of tumors to chemotherapy. MGMT inhibits the killing process of tumor cells by alkylating agents including chemotherapy MGMT expression has been noted higher in several tumors including glioma.. Methylation of MGMT promoter inhibits the cells to produce MGMT. Methylation status of the MGMT promoter in gliomas is useful to predict the effectiveness of chemotherapy with alkylating agents.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate profile of MGMT enzyme and characteristic of low grade and high grade glioma patients in Neurosurgery Department of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta.

Methods: We evaluated data of MGMT promoter methylation status from methylation specific polymerase chain reaction result in low grade and high glioma patients who underwent surgical resection in Department of Neurosurgery, Cipto Mangunkusomo Hospital Jakarta. Demographic characteristic and clinical data of glioma patiens including age, sex, Karnofsky Performance Scale KPS, and grading of tumor were collected.

Results: In one year period, there are 17 patients with pathological finding of low grade and high grade gliomas met criteria of inclusion. Methylated MGMT promoter was found in 11 patients 64.7 and unmethylated in 6 patients 35.3. MGMT promoter methylation was observed more often in patients diagnosed in age more than 40 years old than in patient less than 40 years old 85,7 vs 50, and men than women 77,7 vs 50. In patients with KPS more than 70 and KPS 70 or less, methylation of MGMT promoter was observed in 70 and 57,1, respectively. Base on tumors grading, MGMT promoter methylation was observed more often in low grade gliomas WHO grade II than high grade gliomas WHO grade II and IV 85,7 vs 50. In high grade glioma, methylation was observed more often in grade III tumors anaplastic astrocytomas oligoastrocytomas than grade IV tumors glioblastomas 66,6 vs 42,8. In low grade gliomas, methylation was observed more in oligoastrocytomas than difus astrocytomas 100 vs 75.

Conclusions. MGMT promoter methylation was observed less in higher grade of tumors grade IV, lower KPS, younger age at time of diagnosis and female patients, although the differences were not statistically significant. MGMT promoter methylation was observed more often in gliomas with oligodendroglioma component. Further and larger scale of research is needed to determine whether MGMT promoter methylation significantly correlates with these factors. "

"Tumor odontogenik merupakan jenis tumor yang sering terjadi di regio kepala leher terutama di rongga mulut. Badan Kesehatan Dunia WHO telah membuat klasifikasi yang baru terhadap jenis tumor odontogenik. Kejadian tumor odontogenik di Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh banyak hal di antaranya kondisi demografi, sosioekonomi dan keadaan klinis masing-masing individu. Penelitian mengenai tumor odontogenik masih sangat sedikit dilakukan di Indonesia sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui frekuensi dan distribusi tumor odontogenik di Indonesia periode 2012-2015. Analisis dilakukan pada 118 rekam medik pasin tumor odontogenik. Frekuensi dan distribusi dilihat berdasarkan umur, jenis kelamin, lokasi, pekerjaan, pendidikan, diagnosis tumor, jenis perawatan, spesialisi, gambaran histopatologis, lama rawat inap dan tingkat rekurensi. Mayoritas pasien berusia 31-40 tahun 26,27. Tumor odontogenik ditemukan lebih banyak pada laki-laki dengan rasio 1.03:1. Tingkat pendidikan paling banyak adalah tamat SMA, 35 pasien 29,67. Mayoritas pasien tidak bekerja sebanyak 26 pasien 22,03. Ameloblastoma merupakan jenis tumor paling banyak yaitu 101 kasus 85,60. Tumor odontogenik paling banyak ditemukan di rahang bawah sebanyak 102 kasus 86,44. Penanganan tumor paling banyak dilakukan oleh spesialis bedah mulut sebanyak 91 kasus 77,12. Rata-rata lama rawat inap pasien adalah 9,87 7,60 hari. Terjadi 15 kasus rekurensi pada jenis tumor ameloblastoma.

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Odontogenic tumor is a common tumor in the head and neck regio especially oral cavity. World Health Organization WHO in 2005 currently reclassify the classification of tumor odontogenic. The incidence of the odontogenic tumor in Indonesia were depends on demographic conditions, socio economic and clinical condition of the patients. The research about odontogenic in Indonesia are currently limited so this research are conducted to see the frequency and distribution of odontogenic tumor in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital from 2012 2015. 118 medical records was analyzed. Frequency and distribution analyzed concerning age, gender, location of tumor, educational level, occupation, diagnosis, treatment, specialization, histopatologic type, length of stay, and reccurent rate. Most of the patients were 31 40 years old in age 26,27. Odontogenic tumor mostly happen in man with ratio 1.03 1. The educational level of the patients mostly are graduated high school student 29,67 and mostly are not work 22,03. Ameloblastoma is the most common odontogenic tumor 85,60. Mandible is the common site of the odontogenic tumor 86,44. The treatment of the odontogenic tumor mostly done by the oral and maxillofacial surgeon 77,12. Mean of patient length of stay were 9,87 7,60 days. "

"Latar BelakangHemodialisa membutuhkan suatu akses vaskuler yang fungsional dan adekuat untuk mendapatkan hasil terbaik, bagi Negara berkembang seperti Indonesia tingginya biaya perawatan dan tenaga ahli masih merupakan hal yang harus ditanggapi serius oleh semua pihak. NKF-KDOQI menetapkan tiga Tujuan utama suatu unit hemodialisa antara lain meningkatkan pemakaian AV Fistula, Mengurangi pemakaian kateter hingga 10% dan Deteksi dini dari disfungsi akses vaskuler. Hingga saat ini belum ada gambaran akses vaskular yang terdapat di unit hemodialisa RSUPN Ciptomangunkusumo sehingga dapat dibandingkan dengan guideline, dan diharapkan mendapat masukan untuk pelayanan terbaik bagi pasien. MetodePenelitian ini berupa deskriptif retrospektif, Populasi penelitian adalah pasien gagal ginjal kronikyang menjalani hemodialisa dengan akses vaskuler fistula AV dan kateter vena sentral di RumahSakit Cipto Mangunkusumo pada bulan Mei – Desember 2012. Data dari rekam medis penderitadiketahui mengenai tanggal hemodialisa pertama kali, tanggal pembuatan akses vaskuler pertamakali, jenis akses vaskuler yang digunakan pertama kali serta konversi yang mengikutinya, sertalokasi akses vaskuler tersebut.HasilDidapatkan 234 data pasien yang aktif menjalani hemodialisa di unit hemodialisa RSUPNCiptomangunkusumno Jakarta dari bulan Mei – juni 2012, terdiri dari 146 laki laki dan 88perempuan , rerata umur 49.04 tahun dengan rentang umur 11 tahun sampai 78 tahun. Diantarapasien tersebut , 122 (52.1%) pasien dengan AV fistula, dan pasien yang membuat AV Fistulasebelum hemodialisa pertama hanya pada 7 pasien (1.2%) 1 pasien menggunakan graft PTFE,dengan lokasi tersering untuk AV Fistula adalah Radiocephalica sebanyak 29.4%, 48 pasienmenggunakan central venous catheter, dimana 28 pasien dengan longterm catheter (12%) dansisanya dengan shortterm catheter (8.5%). Direct Puncture digunakan oleh pasien sebagai carayang dipakai pertama kali melakukan hemodialisa, sebanyak 49.6%. dari keseluruhan pasienyang pernah menjalani pemasangan AV fistula mengalami primary failure sebanyak 10.65%, dansecondary failure sebanyak 7.37%.KesimpulanMasalah pada suatu unit hemodialisa tidaklah sederhana dan untuk mencapai suatu hasil yangterbaik diperlukan kerjasama dari sebuah tim multidisiplin vaskular akses yang terdiri dari ahliginjal hipertensi, ahli bedah vaskular, ahli radiologi, dan perawat dialisa. Dengan seorangkoordinator yang berdedikasi tinggi yang selalu memperbaharui data base pasien dan updateterbaru dari perkembangan akses vaskuler.

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Background

A vascular access that mantained to be functioning and adequate is a must to achieve the best

result in haemodialysis procedure. For a developing country like Indonesia, a high cost and

expertise in vascular access maintenance reluctantly a serious issues. NKF-KDOQI has

established three primary goals for a haemodialysis unit to achieve, to increase the placement of

native fistulas as vascular access at initiation of hemodialysis procedure until 65 %, to discourage

catheter insertion until 10% and early detection of vascular access dysfunction. Recently at Cipto

Mangunkusumo hospital, there are no profile of vascular access in haemodialysis unit to figure

out the condition and compare with guideline.

Method

This is a descriptive retrospective study with a CRF (Chronic Renal Failure) patients that undergo

hemodialysis with natve fistula and catheter as their vascular access in Cipto Mangunkusumo

hospital from May to December 2012. Data collected from medical record included dates when

initiates their hemodialysis procedure, diagnose of CRF, creation of fistula or other vascular

access, and complication that has occurred.

Results

From 234 patients that undergo hemodialysis procedure from May to December 2012, there werre

146 male and 81 female, with median age of 49.04 years old and distance within 11 – 78 years

old. Among these patients 122(52%) with fistula an 1 patient with graft but only 7 patients (1.2%)

that use native fistula to initiate their hemodialysis procedure. The most location for fistula were

on left radiocephalic in 29.4% of patients, 48 patients use catheter for their vascular access that

ionclude 12% long term and 8.5 % long term catheter. There were 49.6% patients with direct

venous puncture to initiate their hemodialysis. From all fistulas that created there were 10.65%

primary failure and 7.37% secondary failure.

Conclusion

Problems in hemodialysis unit is not as simple as that, and to achieve the best result require the

concerted effort of multivariariate vascular access team that consist nephrologist, vascular

surgeon, radiologist, and nurse with a chief coordinator that updating vascular access patients

database and its development"

"Latar Belakang Diabetes mellitus telah menjadi permasalahan kesehatan serius, baik secara global maupun di Indonesia. Salah satu komplikasi serius dari diabetes mellitus adalah ulkus kaki diabetes, yang dapat menyebabkan mortalitas dan morbiditas. Identifikasi faktor risiko ulkus kaki diabetes sangat penting dilakukan, sehingga dapat meningkatkan upaya pencegahan secara tepat dan efisien. Data epidemiologi mengenai hal ini di Indonesia masih terbatas, terkhusus di RSCM dengan studi terakhirnya menggunakan data tahun 2012. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor risiko ulkus kaki diabetes di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM). Metode Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional potong lintang. Sampel penelitian adalah pasien diabetes mellitus di RSCM pada Januari—Juni 2022, dengan metode total sampling. Data yang dianalisis berupa data demografis (usia, jenis kelamin) dan faktor risiko (status hipertensi, obesitas, kontrol gula darah, kadar HbA1c, durasi mengidap diabetes), yang diperoleh dari rekam medis pasien. Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Microsoft Excel untuk mengetahui persentase masing-masing faktor risiko. Hasil Hasil penelitian menunjukkan distribusi demografi sebagai berikut: 90,38% pasien berusia lebih dari 45 tahun dengan 55,77% pasien berusia lebih dari 60 tahun, serta 55,77% berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan 44,23% berjenis kelamin perempuan. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan distribusi faktor risiko sebagai berikut: 36,54% pasien mengalami obesitas, 78,85% pasien mengalami hipertensi, 86,54% pasien memiliki kadar HbA1c ≥ 6,4%, 82,69% pasien memiliki riwayat kadar gula darah yang tidak terkontrol, serta 84,62% pasien mengidap DM lebih dari 5 tahun dengan di antaranya, 53,85% mengidap DM lebih dari 10 tahun. Kesimpulan Melalui penelitian ini, dapat diketahui persentase masing-masing faktor risiko pada sampel. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan acuan bagi penelitian berikutnya, ataupun sebagai untuk mengembangkan strategi pencegahan ulkus kaki diabetes.

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Introduction Diabetes mellitus has become a serious health issue both globally and in Indonesia. One of the serious complications of diabetes mellitus is diabetic foot ulcers, which can lead to mortality and morbidity. The identification of risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers is crucial to improve prevention efforts accurately and efficiently. Epidemiological study on this topic in Indonesia are still limited, especially at the National Central General Hospital dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM), with its last study using data from 2012. Therefore, this study aims to identify risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers in patients at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital (RSCM). Method This study is an observational cross-sectional study. The sample consists of diabetes mellitus patients at RSCM from January to June 2022, utilizing a total sampling method. The data include demographic characteristics (age, gender) and risk factors (hypertension status, obesity, blood sugar control, HbA1c levels, diabetic duration) extracted from patient medical records. Microsoft Excel was employed for data analysis to determine the percentage of each risk factor. Results The research findings revealed the following demographic distribution: 90.38% of the patients were over 45 years old, with 55.77% of them being over 60 years old. Additionally, 55.77% of the participants were male, while 44.23% were female. The study also demonstrated the distribution of risk factors as follows: 36.54% of the patients were obese, 78.85% had hypertension, 86.54% had HbA1c levels ≥ 6.4%, 82.69% had a history of uncontrolled blood sugar levels, and 84.62% had been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for over 5 years, among which 53.85% had been living with diabetes for more than 10 years. Conclusion This research provides insights into the percentage distribution of each risk factor within the sample population. The findings can serve as a reference for future research or as a basis for developing preventive strategies for diabetic foot ulcers."

"Latar BelakangAdenoma hipofisis merupakan jenis tumor hipofisis yang paling umum, yang menyebabkan efek massa dan ketidakseimbangan hormon. Gejala seperti gangguan ketajaman penglihatan (VA), cacat lapang pandang (VFD), dan sakit kepala mendorong pasien untuk mencari pertolongan medis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik, gejala, dan hasil akhir pasien adenoma hipofisis yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Rujukan Nasional Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) dari tahun 2018-2022, dengan fokus pada gejala penglihatan dan sakit kepala sebelum dan sesudah perawatan.MetodePenelitian observasional retrospektif dan potong lintang, ini meninjau catatan medis pasien adenoma hipofisis dari tahun 2018-2022 di RSCM. Awalnya, 241 pasien diidentifikasi, setelah menerapkan kriteria eksklusi untuk hasil patologi yang inkonklusif dan rekam medis tidak lengkap, berkurang menjadi 161 pasien. Data tentang demografi, karakteristik tumor, intervensi, dan keluhan utama dikumpulkan, dengan fokus pada gangguan penglihatan dan pola sakit kepala.HasilRata-rata usia pasien adalah 46,2 tahun, dengan sedikit dominasi perempuan (54,6%). Adenoma non-fungsional (NFA) mencakup 86,9% kasus, sedangkan prolaktinoma merupakan adenoma fungsional yang paling umum. Makroadenoma terdapat pada 96,9% pasien. Intervensi yang paling umum adalah operasi transsphenoidal. Gangguan lapang pandang (42,2%) dan sakit kepala merupakan gejala yang sering muncul. Pascaoperasi, sakit kepala berkurang secara signifikan, dengan perbaikan yang terlihat pada ketajaman penglihatan dan defek lapang pandang pada kunjungan tindak lanjut.KesimpulanSakit kepala dan gangguan penglihatan merupakan gejala yang paling umum pada pasien adenoma hipofisis di RSCM (2018-2022). Meskipun temuan tersebut menggarisbawahi pentingnya pemeriksaan diagnostik yang komprehensif, penelitian ini dibatasi desain retrospektif dan dokumentasi pasien yang tidak konsisten.

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Background

Pituitary adenomas are the most common type of pituitary tumors, leading to mass effects and hormonal imbalances. Symptoms such as visual acuity (VA) disturbances, visual field defects (VFDs), and headaches prompt patients to seek medical attention. This study aims to analyze the characteristics, symptoms, and outcomes of pituitary adenoma patients treated at Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital (RSCM) from 2018 to 2022, focusing on visual and headache symptoms pre- and post-treatment.

Methods

This retrospective, cross-sectional, observational study reviewed the medical records of pituitary adenoma patients from 2018 to 2022. Initially, 241 patients were identified, but after applying exclusion criteria for inconclusive pathology and incomplete records, 161 patients were included. Data on demographics, tumor characteristics, interventions, and chief complaints were collected, concentrating on visual disturbances and headache patterns.

Results

The average age of patients was 46.2 years, with a slight female predominance (54.6%). Non-functioning adenomas (NFA) accounted for 86.9% of cases, while prolactinomas were the most common functioning adenomas. Macroadenomas were present in 96.9% of patients. The most common intervention was transsphenoidal surgery. Visual field disturbances (42.2%) and headaches were the frequent presenting symptoms. Postoperatively, headaches decreased, with improvements noted in both visual acuity and field defects at follow-up visits.

Conclusion

Headaches and visual impairments were the most common symptoms in pituitary adenoma patients at RSCM (2018-2022). Although the findings underscore the importance of comprehensive diagnostic workups, the study's limitations include its retrospective design and inconsistent documentation. Future research should aim to standardize data collection for improved clinical management."

"Latar belakang: Kualitas suara ditentukan oleh karakteristik elastisitas pita suara, resonansi dan struktur di saluran vokal. Produksi suara merupakan salah satu komponen yang berperan penting dalam komunikasi verbal, interaksi sosial serta merupakan identitas dan kepribadian tiap individu yang berkontribusi pada kesejahteraan dan kualitas hidup seseorang. Pasien karsinoma nasofaring pasca radiasi tanpa adanya residu dapat mengalami fibrosis pada velofaring dan memicu gangguan penutupan velofaring selama bicara sehingga menimbulkan hipernasal.

Tujuan: Mengetahui karakteristik dan proporsi skor nasalance pada pasien KNF pasca radiasi dengan atau tanpa gangguan persepsi bicara.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi survei deskriptif dengan teknik cross sectional dan kemudian dilanjutkan pengambilan data retrospektif pasien karsinoma nasofaring pasca radiasi di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo periode Juli – Agustus 2023. Parameter yang dinilai adalah skor nasalance dengan menggunakan nasometer.

Hasil: Skor nasalance pasien karsinoma nasofaring pasca radiasi pada uji gajah 1 didapatkan median 14 (7-22), rerata uji hantu 1 39,8% + 4,5, dan rerata uji sengau 62,2 + 6,9, dengan titik potong skor nasalance pada uji gajah 1 antara persepsi bicara normal dengan gangguan persepsi bicara hipernasal adalah 15.5% dan pada uji hantu 1 adalah 42.5%. Jenis kelamin dan dosis radiasi pada otot konstriktor faring memiliki kecenderungan hubungan yang bermakna terhadap gangguan persepsi bicara pada pasien karsinoma nasofaring pasca radiasi.

Kesimpulan: Diperlukan studi prospektif pada pasien karsinoma nasofaring dengan penilaian sebelum dan sesudah radiasi serta evaluasi follow-up untuk menilai efek radiasi yang mencakup semua aspek fungsional suara dan ucapan yang relevan.

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Background: Voice quality is determined by the elasticity of the vocal cords, resonance, and structures in the vocal tract. Voice production is a component that plays an important role in verbal communication and social interaction. It is the identity and personality of each individual that contribute to their welfare and quality of life. Post-radiation nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients without any residue can experience fibrosis in the velopharynx and trigger disruption of the velopharyngeal closure during speech, causing hypernasality.

Objective: To determine the characteristics and proportions of the nasalance score in post-radiation NPC patients with or without impaired speech perception.

Methods: This research is a descriptive study using cross-sectional techniques, followed by retrospective data collection of post-radiation nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients at CMGH Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo for the period July–August 2023. The parameter assessed is the nasalance score using a nasometer.

Results: The nasalance score in the Gajah 1 test obtained a median of 14 (7-22), for the mean value of Hantu 1 test was 39.8% + 4.5, and for the mean value of Sengau test was 62.2 + 6.9, with a nasalance score cut point in Gajah 1 test between normal speech perception and hypernasal was 15.5% and in Hantu 1 test was 42.5%. Gender and radiation dose to the pharyngeal constrictor muscle tend to have a significant relationship with impaired speech perception in post-radiation nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.

Conclusion: A prospective study is needed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with pre- and post-radiation assessment and follow-up evaluation to assess radiation's effects, including all relevant functional aspects of voice and speech."