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"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses, indikator, danmengetahui hambatan proses pengambilan keputusan dalam memilih lokasikegiatan Peningkatan kapasitas Pemandu Selam pada Kementerian Pariwisata.Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan databerupa wawancara mendalam dan observasi lapangan. Berdasarkan hasilpenelitian, proses pengambilan keputusan terdiri dari beberapa tahapan,diantaranya adalah menentukan alternatif-alternatif pilihan, mengumpulkan datadan informasi serta menganalisanya, dan menentukan pilihan dari berbagaialternatif-alternatif yang menjadikan pengambilan keputusan termasuk ke dalampengambilan keputusan rasionalitas terbatas. Beberapa indikator yang digunakandalam proses pengambilan keputusan diantaranya adalah arahan pimpinan,destinasi prioritas yang dikhususkan pada destinasi-destinasi yang termasukkedalam developing area, keamanan dan keselamatan, pemerataan, dan informasiindustri wisata selam. Terdapat beberapa hambatan yang dijumpai pada prosespengambilan keputusan, diantaranya adalah terbatasnya anggaran kegiatan,hambatan karena adanya arahan pimpinan, dan hambatan terakhir adalah karenadata dan informasi yang digunakan dalam pemilihan lokasi kegiatan tidak secaralengkap dan akurat.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to analyze the process, indicators, and know the resistancedecision-making process in choosing the location of activities Increased capacityGuides Dive at the Ministry of Tourism. This research approach is qualitative datacollection methods such as in-depth interviews and field observations. Accordingto the research, decision-making process consists of several stages, including thedetermining of alternatives, collecting data and information and analyze it, andmake a selection from a variety of alternatives makes the decision belongs to thelimited rationality decision making. Some of the indicators used in the decisionmaking process of which is the direction of the leadership, a priority destinationdevoted to the destinations included into developing area, security and safety,equity, and the dive tourism industry information. There are some obstaclesencountered in the decision-making process, including the activities budgetconstraints, barriers for their direction of the leadership, and the last obstacle isthat the data and information used in the location selection is complete andaccurate."

"Pulau Pari adalah gugusan dari Kepulauan Seribu yang terletak diantara 5⁰ 50' LS-05⁰ 52' LS dan 106⁰ 34' BT-106⁰ 38' BT. Pulau Pari yang memiliki potensi akan wisata, sehingga perlu adanya pengelolaan mengenai hal tersebut. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka perlu adanya analisis mengenai terumbu karang, daya dukung lingkungan, perilaku wisatawan, dan usulan mengenai skenario pengelolaan wisata selam. Pendekatan riset yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini menggunakan mix method (kuantitatif dan kualitatif). Analisis yang digunakan pada riset ini adalah kondisi terumbu karang, data kelimpahan ikan karang, kesesuaian lahan perairan, daya dukung kawasan, dan analisis perilaku wisatawan. Hasil kondisi terumbu karang di Pulau Pari pada Stasiun 1 dan 4 adalah kategori sangat buruk, Stasiun 2 kategori baik, dan Stasiun 3,5, dan 6 termasuk dalam kategori buruk. Hasil pada kesesuian wisata pada perairan Pulau Pari termasuk dalam kategori S2 dengan pengertian termasuk dalam kategori sesuai. Pada kegiatan wisata selam, maka akan sangat terkait dengan wisatawan. Pada analisis perilaku wisatawan sebanyak 50 responden, mendapatkan hasil bahwa 58% wisatawan pernah melakukan perilaku destruktif. Hasil Analisis menunjukkan bahwa wisata selam sendiri menyumbang 7,26% kerusakan terumbu karang. Daya dukung wisata berfungsi untuk menetapkan jumlah wisatawan, dimana didapatkan hasil 22 orang/hari dan usulan dibagi menjadi 3 zona pemanfaatan yaitu : zona inti, zona penyangga, dan zona pemanfaatan.

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Pari Island is a cluster of the Thousand Islands, located between 5⁰ 50' LS-05⁰ 52' LS dan 106⁰ 34' BT-106⁰ 38' BT. Pari Island which has the potential to be tourist, so it needs the management about it. Based on this, the need for analysis of the coral reefs, the carrying capacity of the environment, tourist behavior, and proposals regarding the dive tourism management scenarios. Approach to research carried out in this study using a mixed method (quantitative and qualitative). The analysis used in this research is the condition of coral reefs, reef fish abundance of data, land suitability waters, the carrying capacity of the region, and the analysis of tourist behavior. The result of the condition of coral reefs in Pulau Pari at Station 1 and 4 is a very bad category, Station 2 good category, Station 3,5, 6 stations included in the category of bad. The yield on the suitability travel in Pari Island waters included in the S2 category with the understanding included in the appropriate category. At the dive tourism activities, it will be associated with tourists. In rating the behavior analysis of 50 respondents, get the result that 58% of tourists ever do destructive behavior. Analysis showed that the dive tourism alone accounts for 7.26% of coral reef damage. Tourism carrying capacity is used to set the number of tourists, which showed 22 people/day and the proposed utilization are divided into 3 zones, namely: core zone, buffer zone, and the zone of utilization. At the dive tourism activities, it will be associated with tourists. In rating the behavior analysis of 50 respondents, get the result that 58% of tourists ever do destructive behavior. Analysis showed that the dive tourism alone accounts for 7.26% of coral reef damage. Tourism carrying capacity is used to set the number of tourists, which showed 22 people/day and the proposed utilization are divided into 3 zones, namely: core zone, buffer zone, and the zone of utilization. At the dive tourism activities, it will be associated with tourists. In rating the behavior analysis of 50 respondents, get the result that 58% of tourists ever do destructive behavior. Analysis showed that the dive tourism alone accounts for 7.26% of coral reef damage. Tourism carrying capacity is used to set the number of tourists, which showed 22 people/day and the proposed utilization are divided into 3 zones, namely: core zone, buffer zone, and the zone of utilization."

"[ABSTRAKMemilih pemimpin politik merupakan salah satu proses pengambilan keputusan yang palingsulit dilakukan. Dalam hal ini, masyarakat dihadapkan pada pengambilan keputusan yangjarang dilakukan (rata-rata satu kali per lima tahun) serta terdapat batasan waktu (waktupencoblosan) yang sempit untuk dapat menentukan pemimpin berdasarkan informasi terbatasyang didapatkan. Maraknya kasus korupsi dan kasus etik lainnya yang menimpa parapemimpin politik menunjukan bahwa masyarakat masih belum memilih pemimpin yangterbaik. Selain itu, banyak penelitian menyatakan bahwa jalan pintas kognitif digunakan olehhampir semua pemilih saat pemilihan pemimpin politik (Hafner-Burton dkk 2011; Lau danRedlawsk, 2001;Steenbergen, Hangarter dan de Vries, 2011). Hal ini dikarenakan, manusiamemiliki sumber daya kognitif yang terbatas, di sisi lain sangat sedikit masyarakat yangmemiliki waktu dan energi untuk mengembangkan jenis pengetahuan dan minat di bidangpolitik (Lau & Redlawks, 2013). Oleh karena itu, fokus penelitian intervensi ini yakni untukmeningkatkan kapasitas dari penyelenggara pemilu sebagai pihak yang bertugas dan berperanpenting dalam proses pemilihan pemimpin politik. Hasil uji statistik dekriptif menyatakanbahwa political efficacy partisipan pelatihan lebih renda pada saat sebelum intervensi (mean =3.2, sd = 0.5) dibandingkan dengan setelah intervensi (mean = 1.2, sd = 0.5). Selain itu,penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa partisipan memiliki kecanggihan politik khususnya dalammengidentifikasi heuristik dan bias dalam proses pemilihan pemimpin politik lebih rendah saatsebelum intervensi (mean = 1.2, sd = 0.5) dibandingkan dengan setelah intervensi (mean = 1.8,sd = 0.3).

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ABSTRACT

Choosing political leaders is one of the most difficult decision-making process. In this case,

society is being confronted with a rare decision (on average once every five years) and narrow

time limit (time of voting) to be able to determine the leader based on the limited information.

Rampant corruption and other ethical cases which affecting political leaders showed that

people still not able to choose the best leaders. In addition, many studies suggest that the

cognitive shortcuts used by almost all voters during the election of political leaders (Hafner-

Burton et al 2011; Lau and Redlawsk, 2001; Steenbergen, Hangarter and de Vries, 2011). This

is because humans have limited cognitive resources, on the other hand, only a few people who

have enough time and energy to develop the knowledge and interest in politics (Lau &

Redlawks, 2013). Therefore, the focus of this intervention study is to increase the capacity of

the election organizers as the party in charge and play the important role in the process of

selecting political leaders. Descriptive statistical test results stating that the political efficacy

of training participants is low before the intervention (mean = 3.2, sd = 0.5) compared to after

the intervention (mean = 1.2, sd = 0.5). In addition, this study stated that the participant has the

sophistication of politics especially in identifying heuristics and biases in the process of

selecting political leaders lower before the intervention (mean = 1.2, sd = 0.5) compared to

after the intervention (mean = 1.8, sd = 0.3)., Choosing political leaders is one of the most difficult decision-making process. In this case,

society is being confronted with a rare decision (on average once every five years) and narrow

time limit (time of voting) to be able to determine the leader based on the limited information.

Rampant corruption and other ethical cases which affecting political leaders showed that

people still not able to choose the best leaders. In addition, many studies suggest that the

cognitive shortcuts used by almost all voters during the election of political leaders (Hafner-

Burton et al 2011; Lau and Redlawsk, 2001; Steenbergen, Hangarter and de Vries, 2011). This

is because humans have limited cognitive resources, on the other hand, only a few people who

have enough time and energy to develop the knowledge and interest in politics (Lau &

Redlawks, 2013). Therefore, the focus of this intervention study is to increase the capacity of

the election organizers as the party in charge and play the important role in the process of

selecting political leaders. Descriptive statistical test results stating that the political efficacy

of training participants is low before the intervention (mean = 3.2, sd = 0.5) compared to after

the intervention (mean = 1.2, sd = 0.5). In addition, this study stated that the participant has the

sophistication of politics especially in identifying heuristics and biases in the process of

selecting political leaders lower before the intervention (mean = 1.2, sd = 0.5) compared to

after the intervention (mean = 1.8, sd = 0.3).]"