"[
ABSTRAKIndustri penerbangan tumbuh begitu cepat dalam dua dekade. Jumlah
penumpang meningkat drastis. Di lain pihak, airline menghadapi tantangan terkait
dengan capacity yang bisa disediakan dan faktor eksternal. Meningkatnya
permintaan perjalanan udara tidak selalu sejalan dengan meningkatnya
keuntungan karena industri penerbangan harus berkompetisi dengan rivalnya.
Deregulasi industri penerbangan telah mengubah pintu masuk dan pintu keluar
menjadi lebih fleksibel.
Studi lebih lanjut mengenai penentu profitabilitas industri penerbangan
diperlukan untuk mengetahui faktor yang menjadikan industri ini menguntungkan.
Dengan menggunakan regresi linear berganda, penelitian ini menguji sisi operasi,
keuangan, dan kompetisi terhadap profitabilitas maskapai penerbangan. Hasil dari
penelitian ini mengkonfirmasi penelitian sebelumnya bahwa operasional memberi
dampak terhadap profitabilitas maskapai. Beberapa faktor diuji. Jumlah pesawat
memberi dampak positif terhadap profitabilitas. Meski begitu, peningkatan ini
bisa dilakukan dengan bergabung aliansi sebagai bagian strategi untuk tumbuh.
Sedang tingkat isian pesawat tidak memberi pengaruh.
Konsentrasi trafik perjalanan udara sebagai ukuran kompetisi telah memberi
informasi bahwa hal ini berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas maskapai.
Peningkatan konsentrasi dapat dilakukan melalui penambahan rute dan frekuensi
penerbangan. Selain itu, maskapai bisa menarik konsumen dengan membedakan
kualitas produk antar maskapai. Dikarenakan industri penerbangan tumbuh, maka
diperlukan dukungan modal agar industri penerbangan dapat menyediakan
kapasitas sesuai permintaan perjalanan udara. Tingkat utang memberi pengaruh
positif dalam meningkatkan profitabilitas maskapai dengan limitasi tertentu.
ABSTRACTThe airline industry has become more rapid growth in a two decades.
Number of passengers increase drastically. On the other hand, airlines facing
some challenges in conjunction with internal capacity creates and external shocks.
Increasing demand do not linearly increasing profitability since they have to
compete over the rivals. Deregulation airline industry has changing the entry and
exit to market lower.
The study about determinants of airlines profitability is required to ensure
the airlines in profitabile operations. By multiple linear regression, research is
examining operational, financial, and competition issue to find these effect into
profitability. The research results confirmed previous study that operational
performance has affect to airlines profitability. Several factors in operational has
tested. Fleet size as variables operational has consistently impact to profitability.
However, alliances as the other ways increasing size could be considering as part
of strategic to growth while load factor has no affect in predicting profit.
The industry concentration as competition measurement has provide insight
to the research that competition has affect to profitability. Increasing
concentration could achieved by increase fligth frequencies particularly into
routes that profitable. In addition, airlines shall attract passengers more by
offering product market quality that can distinguished by consumers. Since the
industry growth driven by demand, airlines required more financial supports in
providing capacity of air traffics. The financial leveraged has play a key role in
generating profitability.;The airline industry has become more rapid growth in a two decades.
Number of passengers increase drastically. On the other hand, airlines facing
some challenges in conjunction with internal capacity creates and external shocks.
Increasing demand do not linearly increasing profitability since they have to
compete over the rivals. Deregulation airline industry has changing the entry and
exit to market lower.
The study about determinants of airlines profitability is required to ensure
the airlines in profitabile operations. By multiple linear regression, research is
examining operational, financial, and competition issue to find these effect into
profitability. The research results confirmed previous study that operational
performance has affect to airlines profitability. Several factors in operational has
tested. Fleet size as variables operational has consistently impact to profitability.
However, alliances as the other ways increasing size could be considering as part
of strategic to growth while load factor has no affect in predicting profit.
The industry concentration as competition measurement has provide insight
to the research that competition has affect to profitability. Increasing
concentration could achieved by increase fligth frequencies particularly into
routes that profitable. In addition, airlines shall attract passengers more by
offering product market quality that can distinguished by consumers. Since the
industry growth driven by demand, airlines required more financial supports in
providing capacity of air traffics. The financial leveraged has play a key role in
generating profitability., The airline industry has become more rapid growth in a two decades.
Number of passengers increase drastically. On the other hand, airlines facing
some challenges in conjunction with internal capacity creates and external shocks.
Increasing demand do not linearly increasing profitability since they have to
compete over the rivals. Deregulation airline industry has changing the entry and
exit to market lower.
The study about determinants of airlines profitability is required to ensure
the airlines in profitabile operations. By multiple linear regression, research is
examining operational, financial, and competition issue to find these effect into
profitability. The research results confirmed previous study that operational
performance has affect to airlines profitability. Several factors in operational has
tested. Fleet size as variables operational has consistently impact to profitability.
However, alliances as the other ways increasing size could be considering as part
of strategic to growth while load factor has no affect in predicting profit.
The industry concentration as competition measurement has provide insight
to the research that competition has affect to profitability. Increasing
concentration could achieved by increase fligth frequencies particularly into
routes that profitable. In addition, airlines shall attract passengers more by
offering product market quality that can distinguished by consumers. Since the
industry growth driven by demand, airlines required more financial supports in
providing capacity of air traffics. The financial leveraged has play a key role in
generating profitability.]"
Jakarta: Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Indonesia, 2014
