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"Masyarakat perkotaan berisiko mengalami masalah kesehatan seiring dengan lingkungan, sosial, dan gaya hidup yang kurang sehat. Berbagai polutan, kondisi sosial penyebab stres, serta diet dan aktivitas fisik yang tidak seimbang menjadi penyebab berkembangnya penyakit tidak menular pada masyarakat perkotaan, salah satunya kanker kolorektal. Penulisan karya ilmiah ini menggunakan desain eksperimen pada pasien kelolaan selama menjalankan praktik klinik. Data difokuskan pada satu pasien kelolaan dengan tujuan melakukan analisis intervensi terapi nutrisi pada pasien kanker kolorektal pro tutup kolostomi di rumah sakit rujukan nasional Jakarta. Pasien dengan keganasan dan pembedahan membutuhkan terapi nutrisi yang mendukung pemulihan. Perawat dan tenaga kesehatan lain berkolaborasi untuk menunjang keadekuatan nutrisi pasien.

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Urban communities are at risk of developing health problem along with unhealthy environmental, social factor, and bad lifestyle. Various pollutants, stressful social conditions, and unbalanced diet and physical activity are the causes of the developing non-communicable diseases in urban communities, one of them is colorectal cancer. This sicentific paper used experiment design in managed patients during clinical study. The data was focused on one patient with the aim of analyzing nutritional therapy interventions in colostomy pro-closure colorectal cancer patients at the Jakarta national referral hospital. Patients with malignancy and surgery need nutritional therapy that encourages recovery. Nurses and other health workers collaborate to support the patients nutritional strength."

"Pola hidup masyarakat perkotaan yang tidak sehat seperti jarang melakukan aktivitas fisik serta kurang mengkonsumsi sayur dan buah-buahan menyebabkan masyarakat di kawasan perkotaan rentan terkena kanker kolorektal. Kanker kolorektal merupakan salah satu penyebab pasien harus menjalani operasi kolostomi. Tindakan kolostomi menyebabkan penurunan kualitas hidup pasien. Dengan pemberian edukasi tentang perawatan kolostomi serta penyesuaian terhadap perubahan pada pasien pasca kolostomi dapat mencegah penurunan kualitas hidup pasien. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah menunjukkan pentingnya edukasi tentang perawatan kolostomi serta penyesuaian terhadap perubahan pasca kolostomi. Evaluasi dari edukasi tentang perawatan kolostomi pada pasien kelolaan menunjukkan setelah diberikan edukasi pasien mampu memahami tentang cara perawatan stoma serta penyesuaian diet, aktivitas seksual, dan aktivitas ibadah pasca kolostomi. Rekomendasi dari penulisan ini agar pasien pasca kolostomi dapat melakukan perawatan kolostomi secara mandiri serta dapat menyesuaikan perubahan pasca kolostomi sehingga tidak terjadi penurunan kualitas hidup.

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lifestyles of urban communities such as rarely physical activity and less consumption of vegetables and fruits cause people in urban areas susceptible to colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer is one of the causes of patients having to undergo colostomy surgery. Colostomy action leads to decreased quality of life of the patient. With the provision of education on colostomy care as well as adjustment to changes in post colostomy patients can prevent deterioration of patient's quality of life.

The purpose of this paper is to show the importance of education on colostomy care and adjustment to post colostomy changes. Evaluation of education on colostomy care in patients under management showed that after being educated the patient was able to understand colostomy care and dietary adjustments, sexual activity, and post colostomy religious activities.

Recommendation from this writing that post colostomy patients can do colostomy care independently and can adjust post colostomy changes so that there is no decrease in quality of life."

"Masyarakat perkotaan berisiko mengalami kecelakaan yang menyebabkan fraktur.  Peningkatan jumlah kendaraan  bermotor  dan  padatnya  populasi serta pola aktivitas masyarakat perkotaan yang serba terburu-buru menyebabkan fraktur seperti fraktur hip.  Salah satu upaya manajemen fraktur yaitu Total Hip Replacement (THR) yakni pergantian tulang  sendi  yang patah dengan protesis. Karya ilmiah ini disusun berdasarkan asuhan keperawatan yang dilakukan mahasiswa selama 3 minggu di lantai 4 Gedung A RS Ciptomangunkusumo Jakarta. Tulisan ini difokuskan pada pasien fraktur femur post Total Hip Replacement. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi wawancara, abservasi klien, catatan individu, rekam medik dan dokumentasi proses keperawatan yang dilakukan selama 4 hari (8-11 Mei 2019). Data yang telah dikumpul dianalisis untuk  melihat masalah keperawatan yang dialami klien serta meninjau keefektian intervensi edukasi pencegahan dislokasi yaitu memberikan pendidikan kesehatan kepada klien terkait hal apa yang perlu diperhatikan dan dihindari agar tidak terjadi dislokasi dan melakukan latihan kekuatan otot seperti : angkle pump, quad sets, glut sets, heel sets, dan short arc quad. Hasil yang didapatkan klien mampu melakukan latihan kekuatan otot dan mempercepat mobilisasi serta klien tidak terjadi dislokasi hip replacement. Latihan  kekuatan otot sangat bermanfaat untuk mencegah terjadinya dislokasi pada pasien post THR dan meningkatkan kekuatan otot dalam melakukan mobilisasi klien serta meminimalkan komplikasi dari fraktur. Dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan pasien post THR perawat memberikan asuhan keperawatan dengan berulang kali dan menggunakan leflet agar klien mudah mengingat dan melakukannya kembali dan sebaiknya edukasi dilakukan saat pasien preoperasi dan post operasi THR.

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Urban communities are at risk of having an accident that causes a fracture. Increasing the number of motorized vehicles and the density of the population and the pattern of activities of urban communities that are in a hurry cause fractures such as hip fractures. One attempt at fracture management is Total Hip Replacement (THR), which is a broken joint replacement with a prosthesis. This scientific work was prepared based on nursing care carried out by students for 3 weeks on the 4th floor of Building A, Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta.

This paper focuses on femur fracture patients post Total Hip Replacement. As for the data collection techniques used include interviews, client attendance, individual records, medical records and documentation of the nursing process carried out for 4 days (8-11 May 2019). Data that has been collected is analyzed to see the nursing problems experienced by the client and review the effectiveness of dislocation prevention education interventions, namely providing health education to clients regarding what needs to be considered and avoided so as not to dislocate and do muscle strength training such as angkle pump, quad sets, glut sets, heel sets, and quad short arc.

The results obtained by the client are able to do muscle strength training and accelerate mobilization and the client does not have a hip replacement dislocation. Muscle strength training is very useful for preventing dislocation in post THR patients and increasing muscle strength in mobilizing clients and minimizing complications from fractures. In providing nursing care for post-THR patients nurses provide nursing care repeatedly and use leaflets so that clients are easy to remember and do it again and education should be done when the patient is preoperative and post-THR surgery."

"Kanker kolorektal merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang terjadi di daerah perkotaan. Salah satu bagian dari kanker kolorektal adalah kanker rekti. Pasien paska pembedahan kolostomi biasanya mengalami ketakutan menangani perawatan kolostomi. Edukasi perawatan kolostomi yang tidak optimal dapat menyebabkan obstruksi, infeksi, retraksi stoma, perdarahan stoma. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah menunjukkan pentingnya melakukan discharge planning edukasi perawatan kolostomi setiap kasus klien baru operasi kolostomi. Rekomendasi penulisan ini agar klien kanker kolorektal paska kolostomi terhindar dari resiko komplikasi dan klien menjadi lebih mandiri.

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Colorectal cancer is one of the health problems that occur in urban areas. One part of colorectal cancer is rectal cancer. Post-surgical patients usually experience fear to handle colostomy care. Lack of colostomy care education can causes obstruction, infection, retracted stoma, stoma bleeding.

The purpose of this paper is to show the importance of discharge planning education of colostomy care every new client post colostomy surgery. Recommendations of this paper is help the colorectal cance rpost colostomy avoids the risk of complications and become more independent."

"[ABSTRAKPenyakit Hirschprung (Megakolon Kongenital) adalah suatu penyakit yang disebabkan oleh kegagalan migrasi dari sel ganglion selama kehamilan. Faktor resiko yang mendukung proses tersebut salah satunya adalah faktor lingkungan seperti nutrisi selama kehamilan, polusi termasuk asap rokok. Salah satu penatalaksanaan Hirschprung adalah tindakan bedah. Tindakan bedah awal yang dilakukan pada penyakit Hirschprung adalah pembuatan kolostomi temporer pada bagian distal usus yang normal dan bertujuan untuk menghilangkan sumbatan. Pembedahan berikutnya yaitu penutupan kolostomi dan pembuatan lubang anus. Masalah utama yang muncul pada anak dengan pembedahan adalah nyeri. Karya ilmiah akhir ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran asuhan keperawatan pada anak dengan Penyakit Hirschprung pre dan post operasi tutup kolostomi yang dihubungkan dengan masalah perkotaan, serta dengan mengaplikasikan terapi pijat salah satunya slow stroke back massage untuk mengurangi nyeri dan ketidaknyamanan. Terapi pijat merupakan salah satu penatalaksanaan nyeri nonfarmakologis yang bermanfaat menurunkan intensitas nyeri. Penerapan terapi pijat yang dilakukan pada anak pasca pembedahan tutup kolostomi selama lima hari, terbukti efektif menurunkan skala nyeri klien dari skala nyeri 6 menjadi 3.

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ABSTRACTHirschsprung's disease (congenital megacolon) is a disease caused by the failure of ganglion cells migration during pregnancy. Risk factors of Hirschsprung?s disease occurrence are environmental factors such as nutrition during pregnancy and pollution including smoke. One of Hirschsprung?s treatment is surgery. Initial surgery in Hirschsprung?s disease is creating temporary colostomy in the distal part of the normal intestine and aims to remove the blockage. The next surgery is closing colostomy and creating the anal canal. The main problem that arises in children with surgery is pain. This study aims to provide description of nursing care to children with pre and post-surgery close colostomy of Hirschsprung's disease associated with urban problems, as well as to apply massage therapy for instance slow stroke back massage to reduce pain and discomfort. Massage therapy is one of non-pharmacologic pain management that might help reducing pain intensity. The application of massage therapy for five days on children suffering post-surgery close colostomy, proved to be effective in lowering the pain scale of clients from 6 to, Hirschsprung's disease (congenital megacolon) is a disease caused by the failure of ganglion cells migration during pregnancy. Risk factors of Hirschsprung’s disease occurrence are environmental factors such as nutrition during pregnancy and pollution including smoke. One of Hirschsprung’s treatment is surgery. Initial surgery in Hirschsprung’s disease is creating temporary colostomy in the distal part of the normal intestine and aims to remove the blockage. The next surgery is closing colostomy and creating the anal canal. The main problem that arises in children with surgery is pain. This study aims to provide description of nursing care to children with pre and post-surgery close colostomy of Hirschsprung's disease associated with urban problems, as well as to apply massage therapy for instance slow stroke back massage to reduce pain and discomfort. Massage therapy is one of non-pharmacologic pain management that might help reducing pain intensity. The application of massage therapy for five days on children suffering post-surgery close colostomy, proved to be effective in lowering the pain scale of clients from 6 to]"

"[ABSTRAKPerubahan gaya hidup masyarakat perkotaan dapat memacu meningkatnyapenyakit degeneratif salah satunya kanker kolorektal. Perubahan gaya hidupseperti diet, aktifitas, merokok, minum alkohol, stress merupakan faktor risikoterjadinya kanker kolorektal. Salah satu pengobatan kanker kolorektal adalahpembuatan stoma. Stoma merupakan merupakan masalah serius yangmempengaruhi kualitas hidup pada pasien kanker. Salah satu jenis stoma yaitukolostomi. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi persiapan perioperatifpada klien yang akan dilakukan operasi kolostomi. Konseling pre operasi amatsangat penting diberikan kepada pasien yang akan menjalani tindakanpembedahan kolostomi. Konseling ini diberikan oleh perawat spesialis stoma atauEnterostomal therapy nurse (ET Nurse). Informasi yang jelas dan penjelasanmengenai stoma, perubahan gaya hidup akan memberikan keuntungan padaproses penyembuhan.;

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ABSTRACT

Change of lifestyle among urban community can increase the risk of degenerative

diseases, such as a colorectal cancer. Lifestyle changes in diet, activity, smoking,

alcohol consumption and stress are few among risk factors of colorectal cancer.

One treatment of colorectal cancer is stoma. Stoma is a serious issue that affects

the quality of life in cancer patients. One type of stoma is a colostomy. This

research aims to identify perioperative preparation for client who will undergo

colostomy surgery. Preoperative counseling is extremely important for patients

who will undergo colostomy surgery. Counseling was provided by specialist

nurses or Enterostomal stoma therapy nurse (ET Nurse). Clear information and

an explanation regarding the stoma and lifestyle improvement will benefit the

healing process.;Change of lifestyle among urban community can increase the risk of degenerativediseases, such as a colorectal cancer. Lifestyle changes in diet, activity, smoking,alcohol consumption and stress are few among risk factors of colorectal cancer.One treatment of colorectal cancer is stoma. Stoma is a serious issue that affectsthe quality of life in cancer patients. One type of stoma is a colostomy. Thisresearch aims to identify perioperative preparation for client who will undergocolostomy surgery. Preoperative counseling is extremely important for patientswho will undergo colostomy surgery. Counseling was provided by specialistnurses or Enterostomal stoma therapy nurse (ET Nurse). Clear information andan explanation regarding the stoma and lifestyle improvement will benefit thehealing process;Change of lifestyle among urban community can increase the risk of degenerativediseases, such as a colorectal cancer. Lifestyle changes in diet, activity, smoking,alcohol consumption and stress are few among risk factors of colorectal cancer.One treatment of colorectal cancer is stoma. Stoma is a serious issue that affectsthe quality of life in cancer patients. One type of stoma is a colostomy. Thisresearch aims to identify perioperative preparation for client who will undergocolostomy surgery. Preoperative counseling is extremely important for patientswho will undergo colostomy surgery. Counseling was provided by specialistnurses or Enterostomal stoma therapy nurse (ET Nurse). Clear information andan explanation regarding the stoma and lifestyle improvement will benefit thehealing process;Change of lifestyle among urban community can increase the risk of degenerativediseases, such as a colorectal cancer. Lifestyle changes in diet, activity, smoking,alcohol consumption and stress are few among risk factors of colorectal cancer.One treatment of colorectal cancer is stoma. Stoma is a serious issue that affectsthe quality of life in cancer patients. One type of stoma is a colostomy. Thisresearch aims to identify perioperative preparation for client who will undergocolostomy surgery. Preoperative counseling is extremely important for patientswho will undergo colostomy surgery. Counseling was provided by specialistnurses or Enterostomal stoma therapy nurse (ET Nurse). Clear information andan explanation regarding the stoma and lifestyle improvement will benefit thehealing process, Change of lifestyle among urban community can increase the risk of degenerativediseases, such as a colorectal cancer. Lifestyle changes in diet, activity, smoking,alcohol consumption and stress are few among risk factors of colorectal cancer.One treatment of colorectal cancer is stoma. Stoma is a serious issue that affectsthe quality of life in cancer patients. One type of stoma is a colostomy. Thisresearch aims to identify perioperative preparation for client who will undergocolostomy surgery. Preoperative counseling is extremely important for patientswho will undergo colostomy surgery. Counseling was provided by specialistnurses or Enterostomal stoma therapy nurse (ET Nurse). Clear information andan explanation regarding the stoma and lifestyle improvement will benefit thehealing process]"

"Kanker ginjal merupakan penyakit keganasan yang mulai meningkat angka kejadiannya di daerah perkotaan. Akibat invasi dan pertumbuhan sel kanker yang semakin membesar dapat menekan jaringan atau organ sekitar ginjal. Hal ini sering mengakibatkan keluhan nyeri pada pasien dengan kanker ginjal. Sebagai penyakit dengan progresivitas lambat, kanker menyebabkan nyeri yang bersifat kronis, sehingga pengunaan obat analgesik dalam jangka waktu perlu dipertimbangkan karena akan meningkatkan efek toksisitas terhadap organ. Maka dari itu diperlukan manajemen nyeri non farmakologik. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk melakukan analisis evidence based mengenai teknik manajemen nyeri non farmakologik khususnya teknik relaksasi dan teknik distraksi. Hasil dari latihan teknik relaksasi dan distraksi yang dilakukan secara terus-menerus dapat mengatasi rasa nyeri klien dengan kanker ginjal baik pra bedah maupun paska bedah.

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Kidney cancer is a malignant disease which the incidence began to increase in urban areas. The growth and invasion of cancer cells can suppress the tissues or organs around the kidney. This often results in complaints of pain in patients with kidney cancer. As a disease with a slow progression, cancer causes chronic pain, so the use of analgesic drugs in the long period needs to be considered because it will increase the effect of toxicity to organs. Because of that, it is required nonpharmacologic pain management.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze evidence based of non-pharmacologic pain management techniques, especially relaxation techniques and distraction techniques. Results of relaxation and distraction exercises are performed regularly can overcome the pain of kidney cancer both pre and post surgical clients."

"[Kanker kolorektal merupakan kondisi keganasan pada kolon dan rektum yang dapat menimbulkan masalah baik secara fisik maupun psikologis Karya ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan analisis praktik klinik keperawatan kesehatan masyarakat perkotaan pada pasien dengan kanker kolorektal Dalam karya ilmiah ini digunakan metode intervensi sesuai Nursing Intervention Classification dengan melibatkan satu pasien dengan kanker kolorektal Hasil analisis dari studi literatur dan intervensi yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa kanker kolorektal yang dapat dipicu oleh gaya hidup masyarakat perkotaan dapat menimbulkan masalah ansietas yang berdampak pada penurunan kualitas hidup pasien Teknik penurunan ansietas berupa pendidikan preoperatif dan peningkatan koping menjadi intervensi yang direkomendasikan dalam mengatasi masalah psikologis pasien dengan kanker kolorektal ;Colorectal cancer is malignant condition in colon and rectum that could cause problems in both physically and psychologically This study aimed to describe the analysis of clinical practice in urban health nursing This study used intervention methodes based on Nursing Intervention Classification which evaluated one patient The result of analysis that based on literature review and intervention indicated that colorectal cancer which could be the impact of urban community rsquo s life style could make anxiety problem and lead to decrease patient rsquo s quality of life Interventions of anxiety reduction such as teaching preoperative and coping enhancement were recommended to solve psychological problems ini patient with colorectal cancer ;Colorectal cancer is malignant condition in colon and rectum that could cause problems in both physically and psychologically This study aimed to describe the analysis of clinical practice in urban health nursing This study used intervention methodes based on Nursing Intervention Classification which evaluated one patient The result of analysis that based on literature review and intervention indicated that colorectal cancer which could be the impact of urban community rsquo s life style could make anxiety problem and lead to decrease patient rsquo s quality of life Interventions of anxiety reduction such as teaching preoperative and coping enhancement were recommended to solve psychological problems ini patient with colorectal cancer , Colorectal cancer is malignant condition in colon and rectum that could cause problems in both physically and psychologically This study aimed to describe the analysis of clinical practice in urban health nursing This study used intervention methodes based on Nursing Intervention Classification which evaluated one patient The result of analysis that based on literature review and intervention indicated that colorectal cancer which could be the impact of urban community rsquo s life style could make anxiety problem and lead to decrease patient rsquo s quality of life Interventions of anxiety reduction such as teaching preoperative and coping enhancement were recommended to solve psychological problems ini patient with colorectal cancer ]"

"Kanker Payudara adalah tumor ganas yang terjadi karena terganggunya sistem pertumbuhan sel di dalam jaringan payudara. Kanker payudara juga merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang terjadi di daerah perkotaan terkait dengan gaya hidup yang tidak sehat. Penatalaksanaan kanker payudara dilakukan dengan serangkaian pengobatan salah satunya pembedahan dengan cara mastektomi. Pasien pasca pembedahan mastektomi biasanya mengalami keterbatasan gerak. Akibat dari keterbatasan gerak ini pasien merasa kaku dan nyeri. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk melakukan analisis evidence based mengenai pengaruh latihan rentang gerak sendi/ROM terhadap pengurangan rasa kaku dan nyeri sehingga dapat mencegah limfedema.

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Breast cancer is when cancer develops from breast tissue. Breast cancer is the most common health problems for public health in urban city that cause by unhealthy life. Total mastectomy in breast cancer is one of treatment of breast cancer management. Patient who had surgery on total mastectomy ussually developed side effects of surgery in their activity such as pain and Loss of range of motion. The aim of this paper that doing evidence base analisis of exercise for range of motion (ROM) related with side efect after surgery to prevent lymhedema."

"Kehamilan remaja menjadi masalah tersendiri terutama di perkotaan . Kondisi ini menimbulkan risiko stress baik bio, psikis, kultutal serta spiritual yang terjadi pada ibu , bayi dan keluarga. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah memaparkan intervensi keperawatan prenatal dan postnatal pada Kehamilan remaja dengan Kondiloma Akuminata. Kondiloma Akuminata merupakan salah satu penyakit menular seksual yang disebabkan oleh Human Papiloma Virus, faktor penyebabnya akibat perilaku gaya hidup bertukar-tukar pasangan yang sangat dekat hubungannya dengan permasalahan kesehatan di perkotaaan. Sectio Cesaerea adalah cara yang tepat untuk menghindari terkontaminasi bayi karena HPV. Pemberian teknik relaksasi dan edukasi kesehatan membantu klien mengurangi kecemasan dan nyeri.

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Adolescent Pregnancy become problem in urban problem Health, this condition leads to the of risk of bio-psiko socio-cultural and Spritual stressor that can be occur to mother, baby and family. The purpose of this script to describe pre and post natal nursing intervention in Adolescent Pregnancy with Condiloma Acuminata. Condiloma Acuminata is a sexual transmitted disease that is caused by Human Papiloma Virus. The presdisposing factor is free sex life style. Sectio Caesarian is the right treatment to aroid HPV contamination to the baby. Relation technique and Health Education can decrease patient's pain post op Sectio Caesarian and anxiety."