Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Perkembangan internet dan smartphone mendorong berbagai kegiatan, salah satunya pembayaran, untuk dilakukan secara online dengan memanfaatkan teknologi mobile. Saat ini bank sudah mulai menyediakan layanan digital only bank. Namun, masih banyak pro-kontra terkait bank digital di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti adopsi digital banking yang melibatkan perpindahan kepercayaan dari suatu e-commerce yang sudah banyak dipercayai dengan menggunakan teori trust transfer beserta faktor-faktor customer experience yang memengaruhi proses trust transfer tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus bank digital SeaBank dengan e-commerce Shopee yang memiliki satu parent group yang sama yaitu Sea Group. Pendekatan kuantitatif pada penelitian ini memanfaatkan data dari penyebaran kuesioner daring dengan total 629 responden. Kemudian, data diolah menggunakan metode partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLSSEM) dengan perangkat lunak SmartPLS 4. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan faktor customer cost, convenience, perceived ease of use, informativeness, dan relationship investment berpengaruh secara positif kepada trust in Shopee. Lalu, faktor customisation, customer cost, dan relationship investment berpengaruh secara positif kepada loyalty to Shopee. Selain itu, ditemukan bahwa trust in Shopee dan loyalty to Shopee memengaruhi trust in SeaBank secara positif, serta trust in SeaBank memengaruhi intention to use SeaBank secara positif, sehingga penelitian ini memperkuat teori trust transfer. Di lain sisi, faktor customisation tidak memengaruhi trust in Shopee dan faktor convenience, perceived ease of use, dan informativeness tidak memengaruhi loyalty to Shopee. Namun, penolakan beberapa hipotesis tersebut telah divalidasi oleh enam narasumber wawancara yang merupakan pengguna aktif Shopee. Implikasi teoritis penelitian ini adalah perluasan mengenai pengaruh customer experience terhadap value yang diberikan perusahaan kepada customer, dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan dan kesetiaan pengguna sekaligus memberikan fakta baru mengenai proses trust transfer hingga menjadi intention to use antara Shopee dengan SeaBank dalam konteks customer experience.

---

The development of the internet and smartphones has facilitated various activities, including online payments, by leveraging mobile technology. Currently, banks have begun offering digital-only banking services. However, there are still many pros and cons related to digital banks in Indonesia. Therefore, this research aims to examine the adoption of digital banking, involving the transfer of trust from a well-established e-commerce platform, using the trust transfer theory and the factors of customer experience that influence this trust transfer process. This study focuses on the case of SeaBank, a digital bank, and Shopee, an e-commerce platform, which share the same parent group, Sea Group. The quantitative approach in this research utilizes data collected through online questionnaires with a total of 629 respondents. The data is then analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method with SmartPLS4 software. The results of the data analysis show that factors such as customer cost, convenience, perceived ease of use, informativeness, and relationship investment have a positive influence on trust in Shopee. Furthermore, customisation, customer cost, and relationship investment have a positive impact on loyalty to Shopee. Additionally, trust in Shopee and loyalty to Shopee positively affect trust in SeaBank, and trust in SeaBank positively influences the intention to use SeaBank, thus strengthening the trust transfer theory. On the other hand, customisation does not affect trust in Shopee, and factors such as convenience, perceived ease of use, and informativeness do not influence loyalty to Shopee. However, the rejection of these hypotheses has been validated by six interviewees who are active Shopee users. The theoretical implications of this research include expanding the understanding of the influence of customer experience on the value provided by companies to customers, which can enhance user trust and loyalty, while also providing new insights into the trust transfer process leading to the intention to use between Shopee and SeaBank in the context of customer experience."

"Perkembangan internet dan smartphone mendorong berbagai kegiatan, salah satunya pembayaran, untuk dilakukan secara online dengan memanfaatkan teknologi mobile. Saat ini bank sudah mulai menyediakan layanan digital only bank. Namun, masih banyak pro-kontra terkait bank digital di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti adopsi digital banking yang melibatkan perpindahan kepercayaan dari suatu e-commerce yang sudah banyak dipercayai dengan menggunakan teori trust transfer beserta faktor-faktor customer experience yang memengaruhi proses trust transfer tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus bank digital SeaBank dengan e-commerce Shopee yang memiliki satu parent group yang sama yaitu Sea Group. Pendekatan kuantitatif pada penelitian ini memanfaatkan data dari penyebaran kuesioner daring dengan total 629 responden. Kemudian, data diolah menggunakan metode partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) dengan perangkat lunak SmartPLS 4. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan faktor customer cost, convenience, perceived ease of use, informativeness, dan relationship investment berpengaruh secara positif kepada trust in Shopee. Lalu, faktor customisation, customer cost, dan relationship investment berpengaruh secara positif kepada loyalty to Shopee. Selain itu, ditemukan bahwa trust in Shopee dan loyalty to Shopee memengaruhi trust in SeaBank secara positif, serta trust in SeaBank memengaruhi intention to use SeaBank secara positif, sehingga penelitian ini memperkuat teori trust transfer. Di lain sisi, faktor customisation tidak memengaruhi trust in Shopee dan faktor convenience, perceived ease of use, dan informativeness tidak memengaruhi loyalty to Shopee. Namun, penolakan beberapa hipotesis tersebut telah divalidasi oleh enam narasumber wawancara yang merupakan pengguna aktif Shopee. Implikasi teoritis penelitian ini adalah perluasan mengenai pengaruh customer experience terhadap value yang diberikan perusahaan kepada customer, dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan dan kesetiaan pengguna sekaligus memberikan fakta baru mengenai proses trust transfer hingga menjadi intention to use antara Shopee dengan SeaBank dalam konteks customer experience.

---

The development of the internet and smartphones has facilitated various activities, including online payments, by leveraging mobile technology. Currently, banks have begun offering digital-only banking services. However, there are still many pros and cons related to digital banks in Indonesia. Therefore, this research aims to examine the adoption of digital banking, involving the transfer of trust from a well-established e-commerce platform, using the trust transfer theory and the factors of customer experience that influence this trust transfer process. This study focuses on the case of SeaBank, a digital bank, and Shopee, an e-commerce platform, which share the same parent group, Sea Group. The quantitative approach in this research utilizes data collected through online questionnaires with a total of 629 respondents. The data is then analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method with SmartPLS4 software. The results of the data analysis show that factors such as customer cost, convenience, perceived ease of use, informativeness, and relationship investment have a positive influence on trust in Shopee. Furthermore, customisation, customer cost, and relationship investment have a positive impact on loyalty to Shopee. Additionally, trust in Shopee and loyalty to Shopee positively affect trust in SeaBank, and trust in SeaBank positively influences the intention to use SeaBank, thus strengthening the trust transfer theory. On the other hand, customisation does not affect trust in Shopee, and factors such as convenience, perceived ease of use, and informativeness do not influence loyalty to Shopee. However, the rejection of these hypotheses has been validated by six interviewees who are active Shopee users. The theoretical implications of this research include expanding the understanding of the influence of customer experience on the value provided by companies to customers, which can enhance user trust and loyalty, while also providing new insights into the trust transfer process leading to the intention to use between Shopee and SeaBank in the context of customer experience."

"Perkembangan internet dan smartphone mendorong berbagai kegiatan, salah satunya pembayaran, untuk dilakukan secara online dengan memanfaatkan teknologi mobile. Saat ini bank sudah mulai menyediakan layanan digital only bank. Namun, masih banyak pro-kontra terkait bank digital di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti adopsi digital banking yang melibatkan perpindahan kepercayaan dari suatu e-commerce yang sudah banyak dipercayai dengan menggunakan teori trust transfer beserta faktor-faktor customer experience yang memengaruhi proses trust transfer tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus bank digital SeaBank dengan e-commerce Shopee yang memiliki satu parent group yang sama yaitu Sea Group. Pendekatan kuantitatif pada penelitian ini memanfaatkan data dari penyebaran kuesioner daring dengan total 629 responden. Kemudian, data diolah menggunakan metode partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) dengan perangkat lunak SmartPLS 4. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan faktor customer cost, convenience, perceived ease of use, informativeness, dan relationship investment berpengaruh secara positif kepada trust in Shopee. Lalu, faktor customisation, customer cost, dan relationship investment berpengaruh secara positif kepada loyalty to Shopee. Selain itu, ditemukan bahwa trust in Shopee dan loyalty to Shopee memengaruhi trust in SeaBank secara positif, serta trust in SeaBank memengaruhi intention to use SeaBank secara positif, sehingga penelitian ini memperkuat teori trust transfer. Di lain sisi, faktor customisation tidak memengaruhi trust in Shopee dan faktor convenience, perceived ease of use, dan informativeness tidak memengaruhi loyalty to Shopee. Namun, penolakan beberapa hipotesis tersebut telah divalidasi oleh enam narasumber wawancara yang merupakan pengguna aktif Shopee. Implikasi teoritis penelitian ini adalah perluasan mengenai pengaruh customer experience terhadap value yang diberikan perusahaan kepada customer, dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan dan kesetiaan pengguna sekaligus memberikan fakta baru mengenai proses trust transfer hingga menjadi intention to use antara Shopee dengan SeaBank dalam konteks customer experience.

---

The development of the internet and smartphones has facilitated various activities, including online payments, by leveraging mobile technology. Currently, banks have begun offering digital-only banking services. However, there are still many pros and cons related to digital banks in Indonesia. Therefore, this research aims to examine the adoption of digital banking, involving the transfer of trust from a well-established e-commerce platform, using the trust transfer theory and the factors of customer experience that influence this trust transfer process. This study focuses on the case of SeaBank, a digital bank, and Shopee, an e-commerce platform, which share the same parent group, Sea Group. The quantitative approach in this research utilizes data collected through online questionnaires with a total of 629 respondents. The data is then analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method with SmartPLS4 software. The results of the data analysis show that factors such as customer cost, convenience, perceived ease of use, informativeness, and relationship investment have a positive influence on trust in Shopee. Furthermore, customisation, customer cost, and relationship investment have a positive impact on loyalty to Shopee. Additionally, trust in Shopee and loyalty to Shopee positively affect trust in SeaBank, and trust in SeaBank positively influences the intention to use SeaBank, thus strengthening the trust transfer theory. On the other hand, customisation does not affect trust in Shopee, and factors such as convenience, perceived ease of use, and informativeness do not influence loyalty to Shopee. However, the rejection of these hypotheses has been validated by six interviewees who are active Shopee users. The theoretical implications of this research include expanding the understanding of the influence of customer experience on the value provided by companies to customers, which can enhance user trust and loyalty, while also providing new insights into the trust transfer process leading to the intention to use between Shopee and SeaBank in the context of customer experience."

"E-commerce selalu berusaha untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanannya, dimana salah satu cara yang sering digunakan adalah dengan menganalisis data yang didapatkan dari pengguna. Penggunaan data dapat memastikan pengguna mendapatkan layanan yang lebih baik, namun juga dapat menimbulkan masalah pelanggaran privasi pada pengguna. Pelanggaran privasi ini dapat menyebabkan pengguna khawatir terhadap privasinya di e-commerce. Untuk mengatasi rasa khawatir pengguna akan privasi, terlebih dahulu harus diketahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi rasa khawatir tersebut. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor internal dan eksternal yang memengaruhi online privacy concern pada e-commerce di Indonesia. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada responden dan diolah dengan menggunakan metode CBSEM pada aplikasi AMOS 24.0. Jumlah responden valid yang didapatkan dari pengisian kuesioner adalah sebanyak 1.017 responden. Pengolahan data dilakukan berdasarkan tiga kelompok data, yaitu kelompok laki-laki, kelompok perempuan, dan kelompok gabungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor internal yang memengaruhi online privacy concern pada e-commerce di Indonesia adalah privacy awareness, previous online experience, dan privacy control, sedangkan faktor eksternalnya adalah information collection. Pengolahan data berdasarkan jenis kelamin menghasilkan faktor-faktor yang berbeda pada pengguna laki-laki dan pengguna perempuan. Selain itu, hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan hubungan positif antara online privacy concern dengan withholding personal information dan fabricating personal information

---

E-commerce is always trying to improve its service quality, where one of the ways that are often used is analyzing data obtained from users. The use of data can ensure users get better service, but also can cause privacy violations to users. Violation of privacy can grow user's concern about privacy in e-commerce. To overcome the user's worry about privacy, the factors that influence that worry must be known. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the internal and external factors that influence online privacy concerns in e-commerce in Indonesia. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires and processed using the CB-SEM method on the AMOS 24.0. The number of valid respondents obtained was 1,017 respondents. Data processing was carried out based on three data groups, namely men's group, women's group, and joint group. The results showed that internal factors that affect online privacy concerns in e-commerce in Indonesia are privacy awareness, previous online experience, and privacy control, while the external factor is information collection. Data processing by gender produces different factors in male users and female users. Also, the results of the study showed a positive relationship between online privacy concerns with personal information holding and fabricating personal information."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan faktor-faktor terpenting dalam menciptakan loyalitas konsumen di lingkungan e-commerce dan memberikan usulan pengembangan perusahaan sesuai dengan hasil penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) untuk menemukan faktor yang signifikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Customization dan Assurance merupakan dua faktor utama yang mempengaruhi kepuasan pelanggan, kepercayaan, dan loyalitas pelanggan yang diamati melalui purchase intention dan word of mouth.

---

This study aims to find most important factors in creating consumer loyalty in e- commerce setting and give suggestions for company development based on the study. This study applies Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to find factors significancy. The result shows that Customization and Assurance play the biggest role towards customer satisfaction, trust, and loyalty which is observed through purchase intention and word of mouth."

"Platform e-commerce, atau lebih umum dikenal sebagai situs atau aplikasi marketplace, telah mengalami pertumbuhan pesat dalam beberapa tahun terakhir dengan tren pertumbuhan yang belum diperkirakan untuk selesai. Secara intuitif, pertumbuhan berkelanjutan tersebut tidak tanpa alasan. Platform e-commerce secara umum telah didesain sedemikian rupa untuk memudahkan konsumen dalam melakukan transaksi, meningkatkan perceived ease of transaction. Platform e-commerce juga umum dilengkapi dengan fitur keamanan dan jaminan transaksi lainnya untuk mengurangi potensi masalah yang dirasakan konsumen, meningkatkan perceived security of transaction. Kedua persepsi tersebut membantu meningkatkan trust konsumen terhadap platform tersebut, mendorong intention to shop dari konsumen. Penelitian sebelumnya telah mengevaluasi berbagai faktor yang mengarah kepada intention to shop, namun perspektif yang jarang dinilai adalah pengaruh kemampuan konsumen dalam mencari alternatif tempat berbelanja (selain dari platform e-commerce). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh dari perceived control over alternative channels tersebut terhadap proses pengambilan keputusan konsumen hingga mencapai intention to shop. Penelitian kuantitatif ini akan menerapkan structural equation modelling (SEM) untuk menganalisis data 1074 responden yang telah berbelanja menggunakan platform e-commerce.

---

E-commerce platforms, or more commonly known as marketplace apps/websites, has grown massively in the past few years and is predicted to continue growing. This massive growth is not without reason. E-commerce platforms are designed to be convenient for consumers, increasing their perceived ease of transaction. These platforms are also equipped with security measures and guarantees to mitigate potential shopping issues, increasing consumers' perceived security of transaction. Both of these perceptions help increase consumers' trust towards these e-commerce platforms, encouraging their intention to shop. Previous research has evaluated various factors leading to intention to shop, however there remains one rarely discussed perspective, which is the consumers' control over alternative channels to shop (besides shopping in an e-commerce platform). This research aims to evaluate the effect of said perceived control over alternative channels towards consumers' decision making process, up until the formation of intention to shop. This quantitative research will use structural equation modelling (SEM) to analyze data of 1074 respondents who have shopped in e-commerce platform"

"Adopsi e-commerce oleh usaha kecil dan menengah (UKM) merupakan salah satu faktor kunci kesuksesan bisnis. Oleh karena itu penting bagi kita untuk mengetahui manfaat adopsi e-commerce serta faktor penghambat dan pendorong adopsi e-commerce untuk UKM. Laporan ini merupakan hasil penelitian mengenai adopsi e-commerce bagi UKM.Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan teknik pengambilan data berupa survei yaitu menggunakan kuesioner untuk mendapatkan data kuantitatif dan wawancara langsung untuk mendapatkan data kualitatif mengenai adopsi e-commerce oleh UKM.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa UKM sudah mulai melakukan adopsi e-commerce untuk menunjang proses bisnisnya. Meskipun tingkat pemanfaatannya berbeda-beda namun secara umum adopsi e-commerce mampu memberi manfaat positif bagi peningkatan kinerja UKM. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa faktor biaya masih menjadi kendala utama dalam adopsi e-commerce. Sedangkan pelayanan pelanggan merupakan faktor pendorong utama bagi UKM untuk melakukan adopsi e-commerce. Dengan mengambil studi kasus UKM sektor perbankan di kota Depok, penelitian ini mampu memberi gambaran tentang adopsi e-commerce oleh UKM khususnya di sektor perbankan.

---

E-Commerce adoption by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is one of the key factors of business. Therefore, it is essential for us to know the impacts of e-commerce adoption, as well as the deferring and driving factors of e-commerce adoption for the SMEs. This report is a result of research about e-commerce adoption for the SMEs.This is a descriptive research that used survey through questioner as its method to collect quantitative data and direct interview as its method to collect qualitative data about e-commerce adoption by the SMEs.The result of the research shows that SMEs have already starting to apply e-commerce adoption to maintain their business process. Although the degree of adoption is different from one SME to another, it is still generally accepted that ecommerce adoption will bring positive impacts towards SMEs development. The result of this research also shows that financing is still a major deferring factor in adopting e-commerce, whilst, customer service is one of the driving factor in ecommerce adoption. By using banking sectors in Depok as its research subject, this research is able to give actual illustration on e-commerce adoption by and for the SMEs."

"Cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) berkembang pesat dan memberikan pengalaman belanja baru bagi pelanggan di mana mereka dapat terlibat dalam transaksi global. Dalam menghadapi fenomena tersebut, para pelaku bisnis di industri e-comemrce perlu beradaptasi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dan ekspektasi konsumen lintas negara. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh antarvariabel dalam tahap kognisi produk, emosi platform, minat perilaku, dan perilaku aktual di CBEC Shopee dan Lazada. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada model Hierarchy of Effect (HOE) yang terdiri dari tahapan perkembangan pembelajaran dan pengambilan keputusan konsumen sebagai respon dari pengalaman berbelanja mereka. Data diperoleh dari pengisian survei oleh 1.281 responden Shopee dan 370 responden Lazada yang telah memiliki pengalaman berbelanja di kedua CBEC tersebut dalam periode enam bulan terakhir. Selanjutnya, data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Structural Equation Method (SEM). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh positif signifikan antara product description, platform enduring involvement, dan platform situational involvement terhadap perceived trust untuk studi kasus CBEC Shopee dan terdapat pengaruh positif signifikan antara product description dan platform situational involvement terhadap perceived trust untuk studi kasus CBEC Lazada. Selanjutnya, platform situational involvement dan perceived trust juga terbukti berpengaruh positif terhadap purchase intention. Tingginya purchase intention tersebut berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan actual purchase konsumen.

---

Cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) is growing rapidly, it provides a new shopping experience for customers where they can involve in a global transaction. In dealing with this phenomenon, sellers and providers in the e-commerce industry need to adapt to meet the needs and expectations of customers across the countries. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the intervariable influence within the stages of product cognition, platform emotion, behavior intention, and actual behavior in CBEC Shopee and Lazada. This research is based on the Hierarchy of Effect (HOE) model which consists of the stages of customer progression of learning and decision-making as a response of their shopping experiences. A total research data of 1.281 CBEC Shopee and 370 CBEC Lazada respondents who have shopped at both of CBEC in the last six months were collected through a structured questionnaire. The data are analyzed by using validity and reliability test, and then continued by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. The findings of this study reveal that there is a significant positive influence between product description, platform enduring involvement, and platform situational involvement on perceived trust in the study case of CBEC Shopee and there is a significant positive influence between product description and platform situational involvement on perceived trust in the study case of CBEC Lazada. Furthermore, platform situational involvement and perceived trust have also been shown to have a positive effect on purchase intention. The high level of purchase intention influences the actual purchase of customers."

"Tesis ini membahas mengenai dampak lokalisasi data pada sektor e-commerce dilihat dari sudut pandang ASEAN Agreement on E-Commerce dan Pasal XIV dari General Agreements Trade in Services dengan pokok permasalahan pertama adalah mengenai dampak lokalisasi data dan cross border data transfer pada pertumbuhan perdagangan di ASEAN, permasalahan kedua adalah bagaimana kedisiplinan penerapan lokalisasi data di negara-negara ASEAN dilihat dari peraturan ASEAN Agreement on E-commerce dan permasalahan ketiga adalah apakah penerapan pengecualian di dalam ASEAN Agreement on E-Commerce dan Pasal XIV dari General Agreements Trade in Services sebagai penyeimbang antara perlindungan data dan liberalisasi perdagangan. Metode penelitian dan teori hukum yang dipergunakan untuk membahas permasalahan dalam tesis ini adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa lokalisasi data menjadi hambatan dari perdagangan secara global, penerapan lokalisasi data menjadikan suatu negara tidak menarik di mata investor karena penempatan server di negara tempat berbisnis dan biaya yang tinggi. Belum semua negara memiliki hukum perlindungan data pribadi, beberapa negara seperti Kamboja, Laos, dan Myanmar tidak memiliki peraturan yang komprehensif mengatur perlindungan data. Vietnam masih mempertahankan lokalisasi data dengan mangharuskan perusahaan asing menempatkan server di negaranya. Dibutuhkan perjanjian regional seperti ASEAN Agreement on E-commerce untuk harmonisasi perlindungan data di ASEAN terutama di sektor e-commerce. Dibutuhkan balancing untuk menyeimbangkan perdagangan dan perlindungan data, salah satu alat yang dapat digunakan adalah GATS Pasal XIV dimana terdapat pengecualian terutama untuk Privasi dan Ketertiban Umum. Pengaturan di GATS Pasal XIV dan Weighing dan Balancing dapat menjadi equilibrium dalam keseimbangan perdagangan dan perlindungan data.

---

This thesis discusses the impact of data localization on the e-commerce sector from the perspective of the ASEAN Agreement on E-Commerce and GATS Article XIV . The first problem is the impact of data localization on trade conditions between ASEAN countries, The second problem is how discipline the implementation of data localization is in ASEAN countries, seen from the regulations of the ASEAN Agreement on E-commerce, and The third issue is whether the application of exceptions in the ASEAN Agreement on E-Commerce and Article XIV of the General Agreements on Trade in Services can bring balance between data protection and trade liberalization.. The research method and legal theory used to discuss the problems in this thesis are normative juridical research methods. The research results show that data localization is an obstacle to global trade, the implementation of data localization makes a country unattractive in the eyes of investors because of the placement of servers in the country where they do business and high costs. Not all countries have personal data protection laws, some countries such as Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar do not have comprehensive regulations governing data protection. Vietnam still maintains data localization by requiring foreign companies to locate servers in the country. Regional agreements such as the ASEAN Agreement on E-commerce are needed to harmonize data protection in ASEAN, especially in the e-commerce sector. Balancing is needed to balance trade and data protection, one tool that can be used is GATS Article XIV where there are exceptions, especially for Privacy and Public Order. The arrangements in GATS Article XIV and Weighing and Balancing can be an equilibrium in the balance of trade and data protection."

"Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) memegang peranan penting dalam perekonomian Indonesia. E-commerce dapat memberikan keunggulan kompetitif bagi UMKM dan diproyeksi akan menjadi kontributor terbesar ekonomi digital Indonesia di tahun 2030, namun baru 22% UMKM Indonesia yang mengadopsi e-commerce. Penelitian ini menyelidiki faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi adopsi e-commerce pada UMKM Indonesia khususnya di industri ritel dan memilih strategi adopsi e-commerce terbaik dengan menggunakan model Decision-Makers, Technological, Organizational, and Environmental (DTOE) dan teori Diffusion of Innovation (DOI). Hasil diolah menggunakan metode Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) berbasis Analytic Network Process (ANP) untuk melihat pengaruh dan prioritas antar faktor. Strategi adopsi e-commerce direkomendasikan berdasarkan hasil penelitian menggunakan metode Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor Pengetahuan IT Pengambil Keputusan, Sikap Pengambil Keputusan Terhadap Inovasi dan Kompleksitas merupakan faktor penting dalam rangka adopsi teknologi e-commerce, sedangkan pengembangan atau pelatihan keterampilan Information Technology (IT) dan e-commerce merupakan prioritas strategi dalam rangka meningkatkan adopsi teknologi e-commerce di UMKM ritel.

---

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role to Indonesia’s economy. E-commerce can help MSMEs gain competitive advantage and is expected to be the largest contributor to Indonesia's digital economy by 2030, but only 22% of MSMEs in Indonesia have adopted e-commerce. The aim of this study is to investigate the criteria that influence e-commerce adoption in Indonesian MSMEs, particularly in the retail industry and select the best e-commerce adoption strategy using the Decision-Makers, Technological, Organizational, and Environmental (DTOE) model and the Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory. The influence and priorities between criteria were calculated using the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) based Analytic Network Process (ANP) method, and an e-commerce adoption strategy was selected using the Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) method. The findings of this study indicate that Decision Maker’s IT Knowledge, Decision Maker's Attitude Towards Innovation, and Complexity are important criteria in the context of adopting e-commerce technology in retail MSMEs while the development or training of Information Technology (IT) and e-commerce skills was identified as the best strategy to increase adoption of e-commerce technology in retail MSMEs."