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"Ruang kota memiliki fungsi yang bermacam-macam, namun dapat terjadi perubahan yang dilakukan oleh para penggunanya. Skripsi ini mencari tahu bagaimana proses terjadinya perubahan fungsi yang terjadi pada suatu area ruang kota terutama pada sebagian area Jl. Jenderal Sudirman lebih tepatnya di depan FX Sudirman. Area tersebut mengalami okupansi oleh pedagang kaki lima (PKL) dan para pengunjung lainnya pada malam hari yang mengubah aktivitas awal trotoar menjadi ruang sosial-ekonomi. Dengan pendekatan studi literatur serta melakukan observasi langsung terhadap area dengan metode etnografi. Studi ini menunjukkan bagaimana proses terbentuknya ruang baru pada area trotoar dan bagaimana aktivitas manusia memberikan makna pada ruang tersebut. Kawasan ini menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas manusia dapat membentuk fungsi baru serta bagaimana penggunanya memproduksi ruang melalui keseharian yang dilakukan.

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Urban space has various functions, but these functions can be altered by its users. This thesis investigates the process of functional transformation in a particular area of urban space, on a part of Jl. Jenderal Sudirman, more specifically a sidewalk in front of FX Sudirman Mall. This area experiences spatial occupation by Pedagang Kaki Lima (PKL) or street vendors and other visitors during night time which changes the main activity of the sidewalks becoming a social-economic activity. This study conducts an approach with mixed methods consisting of a literature review, field observations with ethnographic method, and informal interview with the users. This study shows the process of how a new program is created in the spaces by its users and how the activity creates meaning to the space. The area shows how human activity could change the function of urban areas while the users produce a new space through their everyday practices."

"Pembahasan dari skripsi ini adalah ambiguitas ruang kota yang terjadi akibat dari variasi persepsi akan suatu tempat publik. Studi kasus yang dipilih adalah trotoar di Bunderan Slipi. Fokus pembahasan yang digunakan adalah teori ambiguitas arsitektur kota. Mengerucut pada bagaimana aktor-aktor yang berhubungan dengan sebuah ruang menjalani kegiatan di dalam ruang tersebut. Kehidupan publik dilihat berdasarkan respon terhadap unsur-unsur yang ada di dalam tapak. Respon ini merupakan sebuah persepsi ruang yang unik dan berbeda-beda bagi tiap individu. Persepsi ruang yang berbeda-beda akan sebuah tempat menjadikan sebuah ruang kota ambigu. Ambiguitas ini sangat jelas terjadi di trotoar Bunderan Slipi dengan banyaknya pedagang liar yang ada di dalam tapak.

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The study in this essay is about urban space ambiguity that happens because of various perception of one public place. The chosen case is Bunderan Slipi Sidewalk. The study focused on urban space ambiguity theory. Pursed in how the actors who have something to do with the space do something inside the space. The public life observed as an unique and different form of perception from each individual. These different perception ought to make a place become an ambiguous urban space. Bunderan Slipi sidewalk have a very clear ambiguity with many street vendor on the sidewalk."

"Ruang publik dapat berfungsi sebagai latar tempat, ketika interaksi sosial terjadi sebagai ruang dialog di dalam ruang kota. Kota disuguhkan oleh kehadiran pedagang kaki lima, memperlihatkan koneksi antara aspek utama dan pendukung. Koneksi ini berupa mekanisme spasial antara formal-informal dan presence-absence di dalam ruang publik. Mekanisme spasial ini mengakibatkan adanya trasnformasi ruang, khususnya pada trotoar melalui proses negosiasi maupun translasi pedagang kaki lima (PKL). Mekanisme spasial ini menjadi ruang hibrid atau persilangan, yaitu ruang penghubung dari dua bagian atau binary opposition. Dalam studi ini, pedagang kaki lima (PKL) menggunakan trotoar di ruang kota, khususnya kawasan Haji Nawi, dekat stasiun MRT Haji Nawi yang merupakan kawasan perkantoran dan perdagangan. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap mekanisme ruang dalam mengubah sebuah ruang menjadi thirdspace oleh pedagang kaki lima. Pedagang kaki lima menggunakan elemen-elemen horizontal maupun vertikal di dalam ruang kota sebagai pembentuk ruangnya.

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Public space is a setting than a backdrop, where social interaction occurs as a dialog communication in a city. The city is entertained by the presence of the street hawkers, which shows a connection between the primary and the supporter. This connection is a spatial mechanism between formal-informal and presence-absence in public space. Spatial mechanism occurs space transformation, specifically in a sidewalk through negotiation and translation by street hawkers, to be a hybrid space as a connective line between binary opposition. This study is about street hawkers takes place in the sidewalk next to the Haji Nawi MRTs station, which functionalized as office and commercial area. This study proposes an idea of space mechanism by the street hawkers to transform a space into thirdspace. The street hawkers use horizontal and vertical elements to as primary elements to their space."

"Ruang berjalan kaki adalah salah satu aspek utama dalam menunjang kota yang livable. Namun, keberadaan ruang berjalan sering kali terlupakan, salah satu ruang berjalan tersebut adalah trotoar. Trotoar sendiri tentunya memiliki syarat dan ketentuan tertentu yang menjadikannya sebagai ruang berjalan yang ideal. Syarat dan ketentuan tersebut membuat trotoar memiliki faktor fisik dan non fisik yang mempengaruhi perlakuan pejalan kaki dalam menggunakan ruang berjalan yang akan digunakan. Sebagai hasil, trotoar sebagai ruang berjalan kaki ditentukan berdasarkan kegunaan.

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Walking space is one of the main aspects in supporting a livable city. However, the existence of walking space is often forgotten. One of the running spaces is the sidewalk. The sidewalk itself certainly has certain terms and conditions that make it an ideal walking space. These terms and conditions make the sidewalk a physical and non physical factor that affects pedestrian treatment in choosing the walking space to be used. As a result, the sidewalks as walking spaces are determined by usability."

"Berjalan kaki bukan hanya merupakan moda transportasi dasar yang murah dan mudah di dalam suatu kota yang pergerakan manusia dan barangnya tinggi dan kompleks, namun disebut juga sebagai perekat moda transportasi. Trotoar adalah salah satu jalur bagi pejalan kaki. Namun sayangnya trotoar tidak dianggap sebagai infrastruktur yang melekat pada sistem transportasi dan perancangan kota yang baik. Tidak adanya standarisasi yang baku dari segi fasilitas dan pengontrolan terhadap pemanfaatan non pejalan kaki yang ada sehingga kondisi trotoar bervariasi dari segi fisik dan sosial. Untuk itu penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan persepsi pejalan kaki terhadap kondisi tersebut. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengamatan partisipasi aktif dan wawancara mendalam dengan informan sebagai pejalan kaki dengan menggunakan tiga indikator persepsi, yaitu motif, harapan, dan minat. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapat kategori persepsi yang beragam dari tiap indikator persepsi di mana kelengkapan fasilitas dan penyalahgunaan oleh kelompok non pejalan kaki di tiap fungsi bangunan berbeda.

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Walking is not just a mode of transportation that is cheap and convenient base in a city. In a city, the movement of people and goods are high and complex, but is also known as adhesive mode of transportation. The sidewalk is one lane for pedestrians. But unfortunately the pavement is not considered as an infrastructure that is attached to the transport system and good urban design. The lack of standardization in terms of facilities and control of the use of non existing pedestrian sidewalk makes a varies condition of physical and social. This research aims to discover pedestrian perception because of those condition. Data collected through observation and active participation of in-depth interviews with informants as a pedestrian by using three indicators of perception, such as motive, expectation, and interest. The analysis used is descriptive analysis. The results of this study concluded that there are varies of perception category for each perception indicator which is facility completeness and use of non-pedestrian for each building function are different."

"ABSTRAKPenyelenggaraan pasar temporer sebagai ruang temporer mendapat responpro dan kontra dari masyarakat kota Jakarta. Dengan karakternya yang mengubahsuatu sistem ruang kota dalam waktu tertentu, kehadiran pasar temporermengganggu penggunaan ruang regulernya. Adanya gangguan ini membuatrespon yang diberikan oleh Pemerintah Kota Jakarta terhadap penyelenggaraanpasar temporer seringkali berupa penertiban paksa yang berujung padadihilangkannya penyelenggaraan pasar. Meskipun begitu, Pasar TemporerKemang Utara mampu mempertahankan penyelenggaraannya hingga lebih darisepuluh tahun. Hal tersebut dikarenakan adanya negosiasi ruang sebagaipenyesuaian akan konflik-konflik yang muncul dari penyelenggaraan pasar.Praktik negosiasi ini menerapkan karakter kota yang baik, yakni partisipasi dankontrol, yang merespon keragaman dengan menerapkan hak terhadap ruang kota.Namun dalam kasus Pasar Temporer Kemang Utara yang terjadi di kawasanhunian di mana penghuni memiliki rasa kepekaan terhadap teritori yang tinggi,kontrol yang diterapkan merupakan kontrol terhadap teritori. Pemerintahkemudian menerapkan aturan yang sesuai dengan karakter ini dan membuatlegalitas yang dimunculkan terhadap penyelenggaraan pasar merespon kontrolteritori yang dimiliki oleh penghuni di kawasan. Dengan demikianpenyelenggaraan pasar temporer menjadi penerapan hak setiap pihak yangberpartisipasi dalam proses negosiasi ruangnya

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ABSTRACTTemporary market as an implementation of temporary space has variety ofresponses given by Jakarta Citizens. With its characteristic that change the city‟sspatial system in some range of time, temporary market disturbs the regular use ofits location. This disturbance often leads the government to end up giving a forceto stop. However, Kemang Utara Temporary Market was able to maintain holdingthe event for more than ten years. This happened because there was spatialnegotiation as an adjustment of conflicts appeared. The practice of spatialnegotiation implemented characters of a good city which is participation andcontrol. These characteristics responded to the city‟s diversity character byimplementing the citizen‟s right to their city. In the case of Kemang Utaratemporary market which happened in a residential area, the control itself is animplementation of territory‟s control. As a matter of fact, Jakarta‟s governmentmade the rules as a response to this characteristic which led the legality of thetemporary market respond well to the high need of territory control of theresidents. To conclude, temporary market is seen as an implementation of rights tothe city space, implemented by the people who took participate in its spatialnegotiation process.;"

"Skripsi ini mengungkap fenomena ruang berkarya masyarakat yang bekerja pada sektor informal, khususnya pedagang kakilima ( PKL ). Keterbatasan dan ketiadaan ruang bagi mereka yang bekerja di sektor informal memunculkan peristiwa kontestasi dan negosiasi terhadap ruang. Skripsi ini melihat bagaimana proses negosiasi ruang dalam konsep smooth-striated space, deteritorialisasi-reteritorialisasi dan mekanisme rhizome memungkinkan PKL untuk menempati suatu area dan berjualan.Penulisan skripsi ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan penjelasan secara deskriptif. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa melalui proses negosiasi, memungkinkan proses perubahan fungsi jalan menjadi area berjualan dan selanjutnya menciptakan striated space baru yang merupakan ruang berkarya bagi PKL.

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This undergraduate thesis try reveal the work space phenomenon for those who work in informal sector, specially street hawker ( PKL ). With restrictiveness and no availability of space for those work in informal sector, contestation and negotiation phenomena on space then occured. This thesis observe negotiated space phenomenon in smooth-striated space concept, deterritorialization ? reterritorialization dan rhizome mechanism that enable the street hawker occupying space and doing their activities.

This undergraduate thesis uses qualitative methods with descriptive explanation. The result of observation conclude that negotiation process had happened in case of street hawker to occupying place. The negotiation of place enable the change of road function into working space for trader with hawker and furthermore creating new striated space which is the work space for them."

"ABSTRAKTulisan ini bertujuan untuk menelusuri benda-benda milik pribadi yang ada di jalan kampung kota sebagai ruang publik, memahami mengapa dan bagaimana keruangan benda itu bisa terjadi. Benda dan tata posisinya di jalan merupakan wujud fisik akibat aktivitas sosial yang pernah terjadi. Salah satunya, aktivitas negosiasi ruang berupa toleransi, konsensus, dan konflik. Besarnya peran benda dalam aktivitas sosial sama dengan manusia, karena keruangan benda tersebut juga mampu mempengaruhi kondisi spasial jalan dan tindakan pengguna jalan lain. Karena itulah, untuk dapat meruang di jalan yang merupakan ruang publik, diperlukan negosiasi ruang agar fungsi utama jalan bisa tetap terlaksana. Terlebih apabila tingkat jumlah dan variasi aktivitas dan pengguna jalan tinggi, seperti di Gang Ampiun Cikini, Jakarta. Pada Gang Ampiun, benda-benda dapat diterima oleh pengguna jalan lain karena tiga hal; tidak menjadi gangguan, tidak memberikan kesan kumuh dan/atau berantakan, dan tidak memberikan dampak negatif. Mekanisme spasial masing-masing benda pada area tertentu di gang ini berbeda-beda dan tidak bisa digeneralisir karena masing-masing area punya kondisi sosial tersendiri. Namun, formasi benda yang terbentuk disini telah melalui serangkaian aktivitas toleransi dan konsensus, sehingga menghindari potensi konflik dan tetap memaksimalkan fungsi jalan.

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ABSTRACTThe writing rsquo s objective is to track back objects of personal belongings which placed in urban kampong street as a public space, in order to understand why and how it could happen. Objects and its formation are physical trails of social activities that happened in the street. One of which, is space negotiation activities like toleration, consensus, and conflict. Objects rsquo s role in social activities are as active as human does, since objects could effect the spatial condition of the street and behaviour of other street users. Thus, to be able to present in street as public space, spatial negotiation is necessary for objects so that the street rsquo s main function can also be working. Moreover, if the amount and variation of activities and other street users are relatively high, like in Ampiun Alley Cikini, Jakarta. In Ampiun Alley, the pressence of objects are able to be tolerated by other street users because of three reasons did not become obctacle, did not give a slum like image, and did not give any disadvantages to the street. Spatial mechanism of each area of objects cannot be generalized since each area has its own unique social conditions. However, every object formation here was already been shaped through tolerance and consensus activities so that it could avoid any possible conflict and still maximize the main function of the alley itself."

"ABSTRAK

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ABSTRACTAs part of the society, woman who lives in urban slum areas usually did not get much attention of their existence. When we talk about their roles in their life, actually these women have three roles. These three roles are not only reproductive role or dosmectic role, when women should take care of their family and house, but also productive role or the role that makes them to work too as a primer or secondary income-earners, and the third role, the community management (Moser, 1988; 1993, dalam Miraftab, 1995).These women in slum areas became special as their three roles should meet the economic presure and bad condition of their settelement. They should face the truth about patriarchy system in the family, which men (or their husband) is said to have domination, including women space of activities.From the pre-research in 2012, researcher found out that women in slum areas can use even the small space in their house efficiently and effectively. But at that pre-research, researcher did not include about the women point of view of the use of that space with their husband or children. Because of that, this research is about exploring women’s life and apce of activities in slum areas with their roles and activities in spaces in slum areas from gender perspective of how the space is created and used as it related with people around the women’s life, especially their husband, when they use that space.The case studies of this reasearch are slum areas in Bukit Duri, Tebet, South Jakarta, with focus on RT 11 and RT 15 in RW 10. Both RTs is the poorest and always got flooded when the rain season comes because of their location in Kali Ciliwung riverbank. These women who live in this settlements can show us that poor women can live their life in very bad and limited spaces in their settlement for their space of activities. The limited spaces meet a lot of needs of space then relates to the existence of negotiation that women did as the way they form and use the existing spaces for their space of activities.The method that researcher used is ethnograpic method, especially about the relation of people and spaces. The main approach is participant-observation to know these women’s space, people who involved, activities, the objects, actions, events, aims, and feeling in each of their activities (Reeves, Kuper, dan Hodges, 2008). With that method, research can learn how these women and their family, especially their husband, use the space in their house and their society for their activities as part of space negotiation.Research then found out that women in slum areas can balance their three roles and that’s relate to how their face life presure from their husband, children, and the condition of their house and settlement. But at the same time, all of that pressures can make them stronger and can get opportunity to have access of spaces in their house and settlement. This can show us the position of these women in family are not subordinated. Even that position can be seen in how they use the spaces for their activities as a result of space negotiation that women and their husband did. So all of the condition that being thought will make them have a hard time to do their activities is actually can help them balance their roles, which area reproductive role, productive role, and community management role."

"ABSTRAKStudi ini membahas boundary sebagai ruang negosiasi luar dan dalam yang akan membentuk koneksi antara manusia dan alam. Boundary bekerja sebagai kontrol atas interioritas dengan mengizinkan atau tidak mengizinkan elemen alam, seperti view, aliran udara, sinar matahari, dan air, hadir ke dalam ruang. Karakter, material, layout, dan orientasi boundary merupakan beberapa aspek pendukung terjadinya negosiasi luar dan dalam pada boundary. Negosiasi pada boundary memungkinkan terjadinya koneksi antara manusia dan alam. Hal ini terkait dengan peran manusia di dalam ruang interior dimana stimulasi sensorik, posisi, dan movement manusia di dalam ruang dan terhadap boundary merupakan aspek-aspek yang mendukung terjalinnya koneksi antara manusia dan alam melalui yang berupa pengalaman ruang. Kedua hal ini, negosiasi dan koneksi, kemudian digunakan untuk membaca boundary pada Fallingwater House karya Frank Lloyd Wright yang menerapkan konsep organic architecture ke dalam desainnya. Studi ini mengungkap beragam boundary dan negosiasinya dan bagaimana koneksi antara manusia dengan alam terjadi pada ruang interiornya.

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ABSTRACTThis study discusses boundary as a space of negotiation of inside and outside that encourage connection between human and nature. Boundary works as a control of interiority by allowing or not allowing nature, such as view, airflow, sunlight, and water, to enter the interior space. The Character, the material, the layout, and the orientation of the boundary are some aspects that support the occurrence of negotiation between outside and inside on the boundary. The negotiation created by the boundary enables connection between human and nature. This relates to the role on the human in the interior where sensory stimulation, position, and movement within the space and towards boundary perform as supporting aspects that enables connection between human and nature in the form of spatial experience. Both discussion of negotiation and connection then used to read boundaries of the Fallingwater House by Frank Lloyd Wright which applied the concept of organic architecture to its design process. This study discovers various boundaries and negotiations and how the connection between human and nature experienced inside the interior."