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"Saat ini, mayoritas kelompok populasi terbesar di Indonesia adalah Gen Z. Karakteristik Gen Z yang cenderung lebih mandiri dan digital savvy menimbulkan perbedaan pendapat berbagai penelitian mengenai peran orang tua dalam penentuan arah karier Gen Z. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat ada atau tidaknya hubungan antara arahan orang tua dan pengambilan keputusan karier mahasiswa Gen Z. Penelitian ini memakai metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional. Sebanyak 106 mahasiswa Gen Z menjadi partisipan. Alat ukur yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah CAAS (Career Adapt-Adaptability Scale) untuk mengukur pengambilan keputusan karier dan PCB (Parental Career-Related Behavior) untuk mengukur arahan orang tua. Ditemukan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara arahan orang tua dan pengambilan keputusan karier (r = 0.201, p < 0.05) dengan hubungan yang dinilai lemah. Artinya, semakin tinggi arahan orang tua yang didapatkan mahasiswa Gen Z, semakin matang pula pengambilan keputusan karier mereka. Namun, dapat diartikan juga bahwa terdapat faktor-faktor lain yang lebih berhubungan kuat dengan kematangan pengambilan keputusan karier mereka, seperti riset daring, pengaruh teman sebaya, dan lain sebagainya. Penelitian berikutnya diharapkan dapat mengukur juga faktor-faktor lain yang berhubungan, baik arahan orang tua maupun pengambilan keputusan karier.

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Currently, the majority of Indonesia’s population consists of Generation Z. The characteristics of Gen Z, who tend to be more independent and digitally savvy, have led to differing views in various studies regarding the role of parents in shaping Gen Z’s career decision-making. The aim of this study is to examine whether there is a relationship between parental guidance and the career decision-making of Gen Z university students. This research employs a quantitative method with a correlational design. A total of 106 Gen Z university students participated in this study. The measurement instruments used were the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (CAAS) to assess career decision-making and the Parental Career-Related Behavior (PCB) scale to measure parental guidance. The results showed a significant positive correlation between parental guidance and career decision-making (r = 0.201, p < 0.05), indicating a weak relationship. This suggests that the higher the parental guidance received by Gen Z students, the more mature their career decision-making tends to be. However, this also implies that there are other factors that have a stronger association with their career decision-making maturity, such as online research, peer influence, and others. Future studies are expected to include these additional factors to further explore their relationship with both parental guidance and career decision-making."

"Indonesia menghadapi tantangan besar dalam mempersiapkan Generasi Z, yang mencakup 28% dari populasi, untuk dunia kerja yang dinamis. Fenomena job-hopping, di mana lebih dari 65% lulusan mencari pekerjaan baru dalam dua tahun pertama, mencerminkan kurangnya kematangan dalam pengambilan keputusan karir. Penelitian ini mengkaji hubungan antara perspektif waktu masa depan dan dukungan sosial terhadap pengambilan keputusan karir mahasiswa Generasi Z dalam kerangka Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Perspektif Waktu Masa Depan memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan (β = 0,386, p < 0,001) terhadap pengambilan keputusan karir, sementara Dukungan Sosial menunjukkan pengaruh positif yang lebih kuat dan signifikan (β = 0,548, p < 0,001). Model regresi yang dihasilkan signifikan secara statistik (F = 238,850, p < 0,001) dan mampu menjelaskan 61,7% variasi dalam pengambilan keputusan karir (R² = 0,617). Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya peran dominan dukungan sosial serta perlunya pendekatan bimbingan karir holistik yang mengintegrasikan faktor kognitif dan sosial untuk meningkatkan kematangan karir dan mengurangi fenomena job-hopping di kalangan generasi muda.

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Indonesia faces significant challenges in preparing Generation Z, which accounts for 28% of the population, for a dynamic workforce. The phenomenon of job-hopping, where over 65% of graduates seek new jobs within their first two years, reflects a lack of maturity in career decision-making. This study examines the relationship between future time perspective and social support on career decision-making among Generation Z students within the framework of the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT). The analysis shows that Future Time Perspective has a significant positive influence (β = 0.386, p < 0.001) on career decision-making, while Social Support demonstrates a stronger and more significant positive influence (β = 0.548, p < 0.001). The regression model is statistically significant (F = 238.850, p < 0.001) and explains 61.7% of the variation in career decision-making (R² = 0.617). These findings highlight the dominant role of social support and the need for holistic career guidance approaches that integrate cognitive and social factors to enhance career maturity and reduce job-hopping among the younger generation."

"Adaptabilitas karier adalah kemampuan penting bagi mahasiswa yang akan memasuki dunia kerja dan diketahui berhubungan positif dengan dukungan orang tua, mengingat peran orang tua masih relevan di tahap perkembangan ini. Hubungan tersebut diduga dimediasi oleh career decision self-efficacy (CDSE). Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji peran CDSE sebagai mediator antara dukungan orang tua dan adaptabilitas karier pada mahasiswa Indonesia. Partisipan yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa program Diploma dan Sarjana Perguruan Tinggi di Indonesia (N = 216). Ketiga variabel penelitian diukur menggunakan Career Adapt-Adapt Abilities Scale (CAAS), Career-related Parent Support Scale (CRPSS), dan Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale Short Form (CDSE-SF). Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa CDSE memediasi penuh hubungan antara dukungan orang tua dan adaptabilitas karier pada mahasiswa (ab = 0,1984, 95% CI [0,1294, 0,2815]). Temuan ini mendukung kerangka Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) dan menekankan pentingnya penguatan CDSE dalam pengembangan karier mahasiswa dan masih relevannya dukungan orang tua terhadap perkembangan karier mahasiswa.

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Career adaptability is an important competency for students entering the workforce and is known to be positively associated with parental support, as parents still play a relevant role at this stage of development. This relationship is hypothesized to be mediated by career decision self-efficacy (CDSE). This study aims to examine the mediating role of CDSE in the relationship between parental support and career adaptability among Indonesian university students. The participants were diploma and undergraduate students from universities in Indonesia (N = 216). The three research variables were measured using the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (CAAS), the Career-related Parent Support Scale (CRPSS), and the Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale Short Form (CDSE-SF). Statistical analysis showed that CDSE fully mediated the relationship between parental support and career adaptability (ab = 0.1984, 95% CI [0.1294, 0.2815]). These findings support the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) framework and emphasize the importance of strengthening CDSE in students’ career development, as well as the continuing relevance of parental support in their career growth."

"Mahasiswa yang berada pada tingkat akhir memiliki tingkatan stress yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan mahasiswa pada tahun pertama. Mereka tidak hanya dihadapkan pada tuntutan yang tinggi terkait dengan akademis tetapi juga pada keputusan karirnya setelah kelu \lusan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara optimisme dan efikasi diri pengambilan keputusan karir pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir Universitas Indonesia. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner secara langsung kepada 365 mahasiswa tingkat akhir Universitas Indonesia yang telah memperoleh jumlah credit tidak kurang dari 96 credit. Optimisme diukur dengan menggunakan alat ukur Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) yang dikembangkan oleh Scheier, Carver dan Bridges (1994) yang diadaptasi oleh Tasha (2011). Sedangkan efikasi diri dalam pengambilan keputusan karir diukur dengan menggunakan alat ukut Career Decision Self Efficacy-Sort Form (CDSE-SF) yang dikembangkan oleh Taylor dan Betz (1996) dan telah diadaptasi oleh Sawitri (2008). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara optimisme dengan efikasi diri pengambilan keputusan karir (r = +.306,p< .01). Dalam analisis tambahan juga ditemukan skor CDSE pada mahasiswa laki laki lebih tinggi daripada perempuan. Akan tetapi, tidak ditemukan perbedaan antara skor optimisme berdasarkan jenis kelamin dan rumpun ilmu pengetahuan.

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The stress levels of senior year college students are higher than first-year students. Seniors are not only stressed with higher demands of academic responsibility but also the career decision making after graduating. They are given transition demands of graduation and job placement. Thus, this research was conducted to examine the correlation between optimism and career decision making self efficacy among senior year college students. In study, 365 senior year college students of University Indonesia who has achieved not less than 96 credit were assessed by using self report quesionaire. Optimism was measured by Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) constructed by Scheir, Carver and Brudges and adapted by Tasha (2011). While Career decision making self efficacy was measured by Career Decision Making Self Efficacy-Short Form (CDSE-SF) constructed by Taylor and Betz (1996) and adapted by Sawitri (2008) . The result indicated significant positive correlation between optimism and career decision making self efficacy (r = .306, p< .01). Furthermore, another result also revealed that male students obtained higher score on career decision making self efficacy than female students. However, there is no significant mean differences of optimism found on gender and department of study."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara ciri-ciri kecerdasan emosional dengan kesulitan pengambilan keputusan karir. Mahasiswa tingkat akhir sebagai individu yang berada pada tahap dewasa muda memiliki kebutuhan untuk memutuskan karir. Pengambilan keputusan karir membutuhkan pertimbangan yang kompleks. Pertimbangan yang kompleks membuat proses pengambilan keputusan karir menjadi sulit bagi beberapa mahasiswa tingkat akhir. Pengukuran kesulitan pengambilan keputusan karir menggunakan Career Decision Making Failure Questionnaire (CDDQ) yang disusun oleh Gati et al (1996) dan untuk mengukur ciri-ciri kecerdasan emosional menggunakan alat ukur Trait Emotional Intelligence Questinnaire (TEIQue) yang disusun oleh Petrides & Furnham (2003) . Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 123 mahasiswa tingkat akhir Universitas Indonesia. Data penelitian diolah menggunakan teknik product moment Pearson menggunakan software SPSS edisi 22. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dan negatif antara ciri kecerdasan emosional dengan kesulitan pengambilan keputusan karir. Dengan demikian, semakin baik sifat kecerdasan emosional yang dimiliki mahasiswa tingkat akhir, maka semakin mudah atau rendah kesulitan yang dihadapi mahasiswa tingkat akhir, begitu pula sebaliknya.This study aims to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence traits and career decision making difficulties. Final year students as individuals who are in the young adult stage have a need to decide on a career. Career decision making requires complex judgment. Complex considerations make the career decision-making process difficult for some final year students. Measurement of career decision making difficulties using the Career Decision Making Failure Questionnaire (CDDQ) compiled by Gati et al (1996) and to measure emotional intelligence characteristics using the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questinnaire (TEIQue) measuring instrument compiled by Petrides & Furnham (2003) . This research was conducted on 123 final year students of the University of Indonesia. The research data was processed using Pearson's product moment technique using SPSS software edition 22. The results showed that there was a significant and negative relationship between the characteristics of emotional intelligence and the difficulty of making career decisions. Thus, the better the nature of emotional intelligence possessed by final year students, the easier or lower the difficulties faced by final year students, and vice versa."

"Maraknya praktik job hopping pada generasi Z mencerminkan rendahnya komitmen afektif yang terbentuk pada generasi ini. Mengingat bahwa generasi Z akan segera mendominasi pasar tenaga kerja dan karakteristik mereka yang cenderung tidak ragu untuk berpindah kerja, menjadi penting untuk menguji faktor yang dapat meningkatkan komitmen afektif pada generasi ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji peran kemajuan tujuan karier sebagai moderator dalam hubungan antara pekerjaan layak dan komitmen afektif pada karyawan generasi Z. Penelitian dilakukan pada 346 karyawan berusia 20–29 tahun yang berstatus sebagai karyawan tetap, WNI, dan telah bekerja minimal 3 bulan. Hasil pengujian SPSS Process Hayes menunjukkan bahwa kemajuan tujuan karier terbukti memiliki efek moderasi signifikan pada hubungan antara pekerjaan layak dan komitmen afektif pada karyawan generasi Z di Indonesia (t = 2.123, p = 0.034 < 0.05). Temuan penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya kemajuan tujuan karier dalam meningkatkan komitmen afektif, meskipun pekerjaan layak juga memainkan peran penting bagi karyawan generasi Z. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi acuan bagi perusahaan dalam mengembangkan strategi untuk meningkatkan komitmen afektif karyawan khususnya pada generasi Z, seperti melalui branding mengenai jenjang karier di media sosial, sehingga fenomena job hopping dapat diminimalisasi.

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The prevalence of job hopping among Generation Z reflects their low affective commitment. As Generation Z is set to dominate the labor market and tends to frequently change jobs, it is crucial to explore factors that can enhance their affective commitment. This study examines the role of career goal progress as a moderator in the relationship between decent work and affective commitment among Generation Z employees. The study involved 346 employees aged 20–29 who are permanent employees, Indonesian citizens, and have worked for at least 3 months. SPSS Process Hayes moderation testing showed that career goal progress significantly moderates the relationship between decent work and affective commitment in generation Z employees in Indonesia (t = 2.123, p = 0.034 < 0.05). The findings of this study emphasize the importance of career goal progress in increasing affective commitment, although decent work also plays an important role for generation Z employees. This research can serve as a reference for companies in developing strategies to increase the affective commitment of employees, especially in generation Z, such as through branding about career paths on social media, so that the phenomenon of job hopping can be minimized."

"Ketika bertransisi dari kuliah ke dunia kerja, Generasi Z ditemukan mengalami kesenjangan soft skills, kurang mengetahui potensi diri dan minat karier, dan khawatir tidak bisa mendapat pekerjaan yang diinginkan. Fenomena tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa mereka belum memiliki adaptabilitas karier yang baik. Adaptabilitas karier adalah sumber daya psikososial yang dapat membantu Generasi Z untuk menghadapi masa transisi dan tantangan dalam berkarier. Kepribadian proaktif adalah faktor yang kritis dalam pembentukkan adaptabilitas karier dan dapat membantu Generasi Z untuk bertahan dalam lingkungan kerja yang tidak terprediksi. Selain itu, agar Generasi Z bisa terus memenuhi tuntutan dunia karier yang kompleks, kemampuan self-directed learning (SDL) menjadi penting untuk dimiliki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran SDL dalam memediasi hubungan antara kepribadian proaktif dan adaptabilitas karier. Partisipan penelitian adalah 131 lulusan baru Generasi Z yang sudah bekerja atau magang selama maksimal 1 tahun. Hasil analisis regresi dengan Hayes Macro PROCESS menunjukkan bahwa SDL memediasi parsial hubungan antara kepribadian proaktif dan adaptabilitas karier. Artinya, SDL tidak sepenuhnya menjelaskan hubungan antara kepribadian proaktif dan adaptabilitas karier. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan Generasi Z agar memanfaatkan kepribadian proaktifnya yang tinggi untuk mengoptimalkan adaptabilitas kariernya. Penyedia kerja dapat menyediakan mentoring karier atau coaching untuk memfasilitasi pengembangan adaptabilitas karier Generasi Z.

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In transitioning from college to the workforce, Generation Z was found to experience soft skills gaps, lack of self-potential and career interests understanding, and worry about securing their desired job. This phenomenon indicates that they do not have good career adaptability. Career adaptability is a psychosocial resources that can help Generation Z to face transitions and challenges in their careers. Proactive personality is a critical factor affecting the formation of career adaptability and can help Generation Z to survive in an unpredictable work environment. In addition, self-directed learning (SDL) skills are important for Generation Z to meet the demands of a complex career world. This study aims to determine how SDL mediates the relationship between proactive personality and career adaptability. The participants of this study are 131 Generation Z fresh graduates with working or internship experience for a maximum of 1 year. The regression analysis result using Hayes Macro PROCESS shows that SDL partially mediates the relationship between proactive personality and career adaptability. In other words, SDL does not fully explain the relationship between proactive personality and career adaptability. This research recommends Generation Z utilize their proactive personality to continue optimizing their career adaptability. Job providers can facilitate Generation Z with career mentoring or coaching to advance their career adaptability."

"Penelitian yang dilakukan pada siswa kelas 10 ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah terdapat hubungan antara kelekatan siswa pada orangtua dan teman sebaya dengan efikasi diri pengambilan keputusan karier siswa. Efikasi diri pengambilan keputusan karier dilihat dari pemilihan peminatan (MIA/IIS/Bahasa) yang dilakukan siswa kelas 10. Lebih jauh, diteliti pula perbandingan besar kontribusi antara kelekatan pada orangtua dan kelekatan pada teman terhadap efikasi diri pengambilan keputusan karier siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan sampel 176 siswa kelas 10 di Depok. Hasilnya, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kelekatan pada orangtua dan efikasi diri pengambilan keputusan karier (r = 0,356, p < 0,01) serta terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kelekatan pada teman dengan efikasi diri pengambilan keputusan karier (r = 0,249, p<0.01). Ditemukan pula bahwa kelekatan pada orangtua berkontribusi lebih besar terhadap varians efikasi diri pengambilan keputusan karier dibanding kelekatan pada teman. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, disarankan agar baik lingkungan keluarga maupun lingkungan sekolah mengusahakan terciptanya kelekatan dengan siswa.

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This research was conducted to examine the relationship between parental attachment, peer attachment, and career decision-making self-efficacy in 10th grade students. Samples for this research are 176 10th grade high school students in Depok. Career decision-making self-efficacy was examined from choosing the major that student want to take on high school (Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Social Sciences, or Languages). Furthermore, researcher examined the difference of contribution between parental attachment and peer attachment to career decision-making self-efficacy. The results are, there is a significant relationship between parental attachment and career decision-making self-efficacy (r = 0,356, p < 0,01), also there is a significant relationship between peer attachment and career decision-making self-efficacy (r = 0,249, p<0.01). Results also showed that parental attachment gives more contributions to career decision-making self-efficacy than peer attachment. Based on the results, researcher suggest to family and school environment to build attachments between parent, peer, and students.

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"Sikap berperan dalam membentuk kecenderungan perilaku, termasuk kecenderungan untuk menolak atau membenarkan perundungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara fondasi moral dan sikap terhadap perundungan pada mahasiswa Generasi Z Indonesia. Partisipan penelitian berjumlah 218 dengan 69,7% mahasiswi. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Moral Foundations Questionnaire 2 (MFQ-2) dan Attitude toward Bullying (ATB). Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan hubungan signifikan dan positif antara fondasi moral dengan sikap terhadap perundungan (r = 0,195, p = 0,004). Fondasi Care atau kepedulian (r = 0,357, p < 0,001) dan proposionality (r = 0,192, p = 0,004) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dan positif dengan sikap terhadap perundungan. Nilai tersebut memiliki arti bahwa semakin tinggi nilai fondasi moral seseorang, maka semakin tidak setuju mahasiswa terhadap perundungan.

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Attitudes play a role in shaping behavioral tendencies, including the tendency to reject or justify bullying. This study aims to examine the relationship between moral foundations and attitudes toward bullying among Generation Z university students in Indonesia. A total of 218 students participated in this study, with 69.7% being female. The instruments used were the Moral Foundations Questionnaire 2 (MFQ-2) and the Attitude Toward Bullying (ATB) scale. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between moral foundations and attitudes toward bullying (r = 0.195, p = 0.004), indicating that higher moral foundation scores are associated with greater disapproval of bullying. Specifically, the Care foundation (r = 0.357, p < 0.001) and the Proportionality foundation (r = 0.192, p = 0.004) showed significant positive correlations with attitudes toward bullying."

"Siswa SMA sudah perlu menentukan berbagai keputusan dalam hidupnya, salah satunya adalah terkait karier di masa depan. Penentuan rencana karier masa depan pada siswa SMA dimulai memilih jurusan perkuliahan yang diminati. Namun, masih banyak siswa SMA yang mengalami kesulitan dalam melakukannya atau yang bisa disebut mengalami career decision-making difficulties. Berbagai penelitian terdahulu telah menemukan berbagai faktor yang memengaruhi career decision-making difficulties, salah satunya adalah perceived parental expectation. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perceived parental expectation dan career decision-making difficulties pada siswa SMA Negeri di Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, dan Bekasi (Jabodetabek). Instrumen pengukuran yang digunakan adalah Career Decision-making Difficulties Questionnaire (CDDQ) dan Perception of Parental Expectation (PPE). Partisipan penelitian ini adalah 193 siswa SMA kelas 1, 2, dan 3 yang bersekolah di wilayah Jabodetabek (Perempuan = 72.5%, Laki-laki = 25.4%, Mean usia = 17.03). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perceived parental expectation dan career decision-making difficulties memiliki korelasi yang positif dan signifikan. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi berbagai pihak yang berhubungan dengan siswa SMA terkait pemilihan jurusan kuliah, seperti pihak sekolah dan juga orang tua, dengan memberikan gambaran terkait hubungan antara perceived parental expectation dan career decision-making difficulties pada siswa SMA.

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High school students need to make various decisions in their lives, especially related to their future careers. Determining future career plans for high school students begins with choosing the college major they want to pursue. However, there are still many high school students who have difficulties in choosing their college major, which can be called experiencing career decision-making difficulties. Previous studies have found various factors that influence career decision-making difficulties, including perceived parental expectation. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between perceived parental expectation and career decision-making difficulties in public high school students in Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi (Jabodetabek). The measuring instruments used are Career Decision-making Difficulties Questionnaire (CDDQ) and Perception of Parental Expectation (PPE). The participants in this study were 193 high school students in grades 1, 2, and 3 who attended public schools in Jabodetabek area (Female = 72.5%, Male = 25.4%, Mean age = 17.03).Results show that there is a significant positive correlation between perceived parental expectation and career decision-making difficulties among high school students in Jabodetabek. The results of the study are expected to be useful for various parties related to high school students' selection of college majors, such as the school and also parents, by providing an overview of the relationship between perceived parental expectation and career decision-making difficulties among high school students."